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Northern Star (1837-1852), 13th March 1847, Edition 2 of 2, Page 4, The motion of Mr. Ewart, for the Aboliti...

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    • ulBElBLliAL HOOKS on POLITICS, '''UEOLOGY AND SOCIAL PROGUESS.
    • rHE NORTHERN STAR SATCKDAY, MABCE 13, 1817.
    • to &mm & Comsfjjcmte &
  • Adverts (11)
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      _I_L The Northern Star, ._.„ _ __ March ...

      _ i _ l THE NORTHERN STAR , . _ . „ _ __ March 13 , 1847

      Ulbelbllial Hooks On Politics, '''Ueology And Social Proguess.

      ulBElBLliAL HOOKS on POLITICS , ' '' UEOLOGY AND SOCIAL PROGUESS .

      Ad00408

      I Published , and Sold , Wholesale and Retail BY JAMES WATSON , 3 » ( J 2 » Queen ' s Head Passage , Paternoster Row , London . iHE lHE RXASON'ER ( Edited by C . J . Holyoake ; . A w . eWy Jon Journal , increased to lGp-tges , price 2 d . Kach Sumter her con wins uu original Essay , or a subject of moment in ' in Theology , Connnunisin , or Politics . Mathlath'n > aticR ni Mystery , or the Beauties and Uses of Xu XucVid . ' 2 nd Edition . 2 s tid ?? racr racti < -a » Graanner . 4 th edition Is CJ iHsniHandbynk ofGr iduated Exercises , is Or in Vive Kumbera at Twapaocecach . rfust lust Published , in Two Volumes , neat cloth boards and let levtmo , prire Six Shillings and Sixpence , the Fourth Ei ] Edition of E . Vjl'IUY coucsraiug POLITICAL JULTICE . and its its IirVieuec on Murals and Happiness . Bj William G ( Goan : n . Ti > be hea 1 in 11 Paris at Sjipence each , or in in 32 V «« . at T wapence . isliralirabaui ' s Systvm of Mature , 2 vols , cloth boards ai and lettered ... ••• ••• 1 6 ITo Ho be hiiU in Parts at Cd ., and in Kumbers at 2 d . ! DiicDiicu » s '; on on the Existence of God and the Anil tbeniirity of the Bible , between Grigen Bacheler at and Ilub ' rt I ) jle Owen , 1 vol . cl . Ms . and let . 4 6 IDiscDiscns-i- - > n on the Authenticity of the Bible , be . tv tweea 0 . lUchelcr and R . D . Owen , 1 vol ., rlotb tK boarlsand lettered ... ... ... 3 g IDittDitto , iv , a wrapp r ... ... ... M 2 g IDisiDisoussiou on the existence of Sod , between 0 . B Bac * : * > er and R . D . Oivcn , 1 vol ., cloth boards s an 1 intered ... ... ... . „ 1 iq IDittDitto , in a wrappsr ... ... ... M 1 'To To be ' nad also in Eight Parts , at Sixpence each , 0 oriu Twer . ty-four Numbers , at Twopence each , ^ Vol tuy ' s Ruins of Empires and Laws of Nature , 1 1 vol ., cloth boards anl lettered , with Three ] Euirrsvinis ... ... ... ... 3 0 'ToTo be had iu Parts at Sixpenceand inXosat 2 J

      Ad00409

      Tilt ; LAND AND ITS CAfAlilLU'IES . No . % of THE LABOURER , Just published , contains a Reprint of Mr . F . O'Connor ' s Letter , in the " Northern Star" of January 3 itb , demon stratimrthe certainty with which an allottae may sunport himself and family , and accumulate money , on a " Two Acre : allotment . " Th ,-very general demand that was made for the paper containing the above letter has induced tho Editor ! to SSuwST ^ ™' Uiaa t ,, C March Kuiter S -u ° 'J ^ the la bourer , to be published on April 1 st , ssx ^ ffjrs ^ s ? " . ,, th ° Bank " iiiits" » -

      Ad00410

      JUST PUBLISHED , No . 3 , ( price 6 d . ) of THE LABOURER , Monthly Magazine of Politics , Literature , Poetry , & c , Ed ited by Feiktcs O'Cmsnos , Esq ., akoEkhest Jones , Esq ., ( Uarristers-at-Law . J The Democratic Movement iu this country being wholly deficient in a monthly organ , the above magazine is esta-Mished to remedy this deficiency . Placed by lowness of price within the reach of all , yet equal to its more expen . sive competitors , it embraces the following features : — l .-THE LAND AND THE LAUOURER , or the progress and position of the National L-ind Company , and all interesting facts connected with the culture and produce of thesoil , 2 . —THE POOR MAN'S LEGAL MANUAL , ( by an cminent Barrister , ) giving all tiecefsary legal information for the express use of allottees on the laud , aud the working classes in general . 3 .-T 11 E 1 IISTORY OF THE WORKING CLASSES . Compiled from sources hitherto carefully hidden from the public eye , narrating the encroachments oil their rights , and the wild and daring insurrections , by which they endeavoured to regain them , —being a lesson for the future , derived from th * past . ? .-POLITICS OF THE DAY , comprising the state of England and Ireland , the Chartist and Trades' Movement , an analysis of proceedings in Parliament , and a summary of news at borne and abroad . —POETRY AND ROMANCE , since these are important branches of educational progression ; and some of the first democratic authors bavo undertaken to furnish narratives of intense and vivid interest . A large portion of the April number will be devoted to the plan and working of the National Laud and Labour Ban ! :, in connection with the Chartist Co-operative Land Company . Such publications will be reviewed as deserve the attention of the People . TUB PORTRAIT of an eminent Chartist will accompany every sixth number . CONTESTS OF NO . III . J . Tbe Life of a Flower , a Poem . 2 . Insurrections of the Working Classes . 3 . The Laud and its Capabilities . 4 . The Rom i ncc of a People . 5 . The Poor Man ' s Legal -Manual—The Small Debts Act . « :. The Good Old Dars , a Poem . 7 . The Phase of Political Parties . 8 . The Confessions of a King . 9 . Monthly Review . 10 . Literary Reviews . Letters ( prepaid ) to be addressed to the Editors , 10 reat Windmill Street , Haymarkct , London . Orders received by all agents for the "Northern Star , " and all booksellers in town and country .

      Ad00412

      CHARTIST POEMS , BY ERNEST JONES . Pn '« TArce Pence . FI ? rH EDITION , REVISED AND CORRECTED : Replete with the Sre of genius , and poetic powers of the very highest order , for eloquence and destructive power , they appear , to us , almost unrivalled . Wcsay "destructive , " for their tendency is " worso than Democratic . "A ' cio Quarterly Ileview . —( Tory . ) Orders received b . v the author and Mr . Wheeler , at the office of the National Charter Association , 83 , Dean Street , soiio , London , or by M'Gouau & Co .. Pviutevs , IB , GreaMVindinill Street , Haymarkct , London , where copies may be procured .

      Ad00413

      ANY ALLOTTEE wishing to DISPOSE of a PRIZE TICKET on the HERUINGSGATE or R . EDMAR . LEY ESTATE of a Four-acre Share , the Advertiser will give £ 10 and a Free Four-acre Ticket , or a Three-acre Allotment . —Apply ( by post ) to G . D ., at Mr . Drake ' s , 2 , Paddiugton-stteet , Marylebone , London .

      Ad00414

      NATIONAL CO-OPERATIVK BENEFIT SOCIETY , AND PROVIDENT INSTIFUTIOI .. EXTENDING OYER TUE UNITED KISGDOM .

      Ad00415

      IMPORTANT TO EMIGRANTS . A GRICULTURISTS and others mav purchase 150 ACRES OF RICH TIMBERED LAND IN WESTERS VIRGINIA , < J « cri ! . ttJ by General Wash , iiigloa as tie Garden of Ar . terka , for £ 23 & . Sd . Sterling , ABOUT THREE SHILLINGS PER ACRE . £ 2 li ' s . onlv to be paid down , the remainder in FIVE ANNUAL PAYMENTS . Por further information apply to CifARLES WILLMER , yisncrifflii Land Office , STANLEY BUU . DIXCS , BATH STREET , LIVERPOOL . Of whom may be had a Pamphlet on Emigration , in which these Lands are fully described , and the terms of sale explained , by sending three postage stamps to free the same .

      Ad00416

      Now Ready , a Kew Edition of MR . O'CONNOR'S WORK ON SMA . LL FARMS To be had at the Nzrlhem Star Office , 1 G , Great Wind mill Street ; and of Ab-,-1 Hey wood , Manchester .

      Ad00417

      TO TAILORS . LONDON and PARIS FASHIONS FOR THE WINTER , 181 C-47 . By READ aud Co ., 12 , Hart-strcct , Blooaisbury square , London ; And G . Bcrgcr , Ilolywcll-stieet , Strand ; Muy be had of all booksellers , wheresoever residing . KOW BEAOV , By approbation of her Majesty Queen Victoria , and liis Royal Highness Princo Albert , a spl . ndid print richly coloured and . exquisitely executed View of Ilyd Parti Ga .-dens , as seen from Hyde Park , London . With this beautiful Print will be sent Dress , Frock , and Riding Coat Patterns , the n west style Chestcriield , and the N-jw Fashionable Double-breasted Waistcoat , with Skirts . The method of reducing and increasing them for all sixes , explained in the most simple maimer , with fc > ur extra Plates , and can ba easily perfotni <> d by any person . Maimer of making up , and a full description of the Uniforms , as now to be woru iu the Royal Navy , and ithtr information . —Price 10 s . , or pest-free lis . Read and Cu's new indubitable System of Cutting-, fn three parts—first part , Coats , price 10 s . ; second , Habiu Dresses , * c , 10 s . ; third , Box and Driving Coats , Waistcoats , It « eclies , and Tvousm , Wa . ; or tho whole , 25 s ., Including the system of cutting Chesterfield and other fancy coats , understood fl t sight . Any person having one part , may have the two others for 15 s . A Method oi Cutting Gaiter Trousers , with 12 plates , Including 5 full sue bottom parts , price , post fcw . 2 s . 6 d . latent measures , Eight Shillings , the set ; the ; . eatest improvement ever introduced to tho Trade . Patterns to measure , of every description , vast free to , any part of England , Irtlaud , Scotland , and Wales , at Is . each . The amount may be sent by cash , p ;» st-ofiicu order , of os ; stamps . Rusts for fitting Coatson . Boys'figure j foremen provided . Instructions in catting as usuul . N . B . —The Patent Measures or System of Cutting , » ' ^ e the Fashions ) i e sent post free , by Is . extra

      Ad00418

      IMPORTANT TO PHOTOGRAPHISTS . AN application was made on the 22 ad & ipt .-mber , to the Vice-Chancellor of England , by air . Beard who , acting under a mostextraordiiiy deluswn , considers himself the sole patentee of the Photographic p . vK-ess ! j to restrain MR . EGERTON , of 1 , Tcmple-strtoc , and 148 , Fleet-street , rom taking Photographic Porb . il is , which h » does by a process entirely different fron and very superior to Mr . Beard ' s , and at ono-half tho el . ' rge . IHs Honour refused the application in toto . No license required to practice this process , which is aught by Mr . Egcrton iu a few lessons at a moderate C AlF th Apparatus , Chemicals . & c to be bad as usual « t bis Perot , ! . T *!» plcstreet , wUjtofriara ,

      Ad00411

      OBSERVE . All correspondence , reports of public meetings , Chartist and Trades * Intelligence , and general questions , must be addressed to Mr . G . J . HaBNEr , » Northern Star Office , " 16 , Great Windmill Street , London . All legal questions , and matters of local news , not noticed in provincial papers , and requiring comment , to be addressed to Mr . En . vEsr Jones as above . All questions respecting Bills introduced into the Legislature , Acts of Parliament , their meaning and intent , dfcc , and questions respecting the Ministry , and the members of the two Housts of Parliament , to be addressed to Mr . George Fleming , "Northern Star" Office . AH questions , connected with the management of land , and touching the operations of building , cultivation , ic , to bo addressed to Mr . O'Connob . Lowbands , Red Marie , Ledbury , Worcestershire . All communications of Agents , and all matters of account , to be addressed to Mr . W . Rider , "Northern Star Office , " 1 C , Great Windmill Street , London All Applications for magazines to be made through Mr . M'Gowan , Printer , as above , 7 S" All reports of meetings hoWen in any part of England on the Sunday , must be at this office by Tuesday ; reports of meetings held on the Monday must be at the office by Wednesday . This rule is for •« Trades , " as wellag " Chartist" and "Land Company " iueet ngs . Notices of " Forthcoming Meetings , " and correspondence requiring answers , must be at the office by Wednesday , at tho latest . " Letters" commenting on public questions , intended for insertion in full , must be at the office by Tuesday . Tho communications of correspondents not attending to the above regulations will stand over .

      Rhe Northern Star Satckday, Mabce 13, 1817.

      rHE NORTHERN STAR SATCKDAY , MABCE 13 , 1817 .

      The Famine And The Fast.

      THE FAMINE AND THE FAST .

      It is a lamentable instance of the perversion of Whig policy , when we find the evils caused by man ' s misrule assigned to the government of God . We have heard of the evils of Pandora ' s box—a good excuse for those men , in whose hearts the evil was engendered ; it is nothing to the evils ascribed to a rotten potato ; this is the great excuse offered by monopolists ; they say , " we could not have prevented the potato-rot . " Certainly not ; but you could have prevented the fact of potatoes being the staple food of millions . The famine is there , where

      the potatoes are not , but where monopoly is . The famine is there , whence you are exporting . the food ; the famine is there , where you are indulging luxuries . The potato-rot is a Godsend to you , since you make it father all your sins ; but lamentable as is this sophistry of yours , still more pitiable is it to behold the farther means to which it makes you about to resort : the ordination of a day of general Fast and Humiliation . Who arc to fast ? Those who are partaking of M . Soyer's soup ? This French cook must have studied homceopathy , since he attempts

      to cure hunger by infinitesimal doses of beef . Who are to be humiliated ? The factory slaves , or the paupers in the Bastiles ? Surely they have had enough of fasting and humiliation already ! How this ordinance is to extent ! to the rich we see not . Doubtlessly they have observed Lent most rig orously ; and it must be all a newspaper falsehood about the parties of Lady Palmerston , and the banquets of the Duchess of Bedford , and the numberless great feastings of the Aristocracy . Wc can , however , even imagine the nature of ( heir

      fasts : the fish dressed in every delicate variety , the omelets and the condiments to boot ; —and all this to propitiate God ?— - no ' , to gull the people , —the honest , hard-working people , whom they praise for their patience . Praise , indeed ! Wc blame them for their- patience 1 It is a vice under the circumstances , —it is cowardice , when men are starving by thousands and thousands : not that

      we exhort them to violence , far from it ; but we do wisli to see them rise as one man , for the safety of their lives , and peaceably demonstrate their power and their will ; we do wish to see them agitate , as with one voice , and , retorting the foul insult of telling Starvation to fast , and Slavery to humiliate itself , assert , that to make His creatures happy is the best way to propitiate God—ay l and tbe people too !

      We exhort our countrymen no longer to IctFamine play the game of Monopoly . In Ireland , in Scotland , ay ' . and even in England , it is weakening the cause of liberty ;—the people are becoming powerless and languid from hunger ; they are growing incapable of thought and action ; while a plumed and well-fed military , a truculent and stout police , look down on them with sovereign contempt . Famine is doing that which Tyranny wishes ; it is DEPOPULATING THE COUNTRY OF ITS ENEMIES

      and the government is artfully coming to its aid , by encouraging emigration . " Yes ' . let all the bold spirits and strong arms go , the more the better ; they are dangerous to monopoly . Go 1 perish in Texas ; rot in Australia ; no matter where —but go ! we want none but abject slaves , and emaciated human machines , to work our will . " It may be here necessary to observe , that while , on the one hand , Government is avowedly encouraging emigration in every possible way , it has issued a caution against emigration to Texas . Her Majesty's Colonial Land and Emigration Commissioners have isaued the following notice : —

      Emigrants aro warned that her Majesty's Vice-Consul at Galveston , ia a despatch dated January Cth last , states that from the experience of a six years' residence in Texas , he does not hesitate to pronounce that certain statements which have recently appeared respecting the salubrity of the climate , the fertility of tho soil , and the richness of the mineral productions of Texas , are greatly exaggerated , and that there is a melancholy evidence if the fact in tho misery suffered by many of the emigrants attached to the German Emigration Associations . lie further expresses a conviction , that if British subjects should be induced to emigrate to Texas , they w'll probably encounter sickness and destitution .

      This statement is correct—it might be general . But the object is obvious . Don ' t go to Texas , to strengthen the hands of American republicanism . Go anywhere else ; for , though American freedom is but a sham—the SHAM IS THERE , —and , even as a sham , is dangerous to our rotten institutions . Meanwhile the people cannot be quiescent , they cannot tamely look on their own ruin . They see through the drift of their enemies , to make England a vast hive of machinery , and depopulate it , like the

      sister-island , of every bold heart and manly hand . Shall they succeed ? By the CHARTER ! we say No ! We say No ! by the LAND . We say , Not . in the name of human nature , while 1 , 300 , 000 horses are fattened in England , each of which consumes tbe produce of as much land as would feed eight men ; and while , according to the statement of a cotemnorary and undeniable authority , there have " never , since the establishment of horse-racing in England , been so many horses in training as there are at the present time . "

      Shame , money-mongers who act thus—aud shame , working men 1 if you permit it . There is such a thing as political suicide . You are partakers in the crime of your tyrants if you sanction its performance . Remember the recent words of the poet : — Still the reign of guilt to further , Lord and slave the crime divide : Por tho master's sin is murder , And the workman ' s—suicide .

      Tbe very season of the year seems pointing ' the path of progress , and affording theme for reflection . Let Labour think how little of all the seed confided to the soil and germing in the ground , will find its way to Labour ' s mouth , —how little the hope of harvest can cheer the hour of toil—how sadly the famine-bringing winter will again lour down on autumn ' s disappointment , if , during the breathingtiiae allowed them now . the people do not bestir

      Themselves . This Is The Time To Organis...

      themselves . This is the time to organise and to act ; another winker will leave them more powerless than at present , and Monopoly more powerful , through Labour ' s exhaustion . We have seen through the machination of Labour ' s foes , we have exposed the fallacies of those who live on Labour ' s degradation ; we have held up the " tumcoatism " of one of our despicable opponents , who , seeing that its anti-land philosophy is dislodged , may as well put up a placard with " CHAMBERS TO LET , " and perhaps" take in'' some poor " emigration society " under its dangerous protection . But the people are forewarned;—it is in their power to assert their rights — - since monopoly never yet resisted the union of millions ; it will be their fault if they do not obtain them .

      The Warrington Justices' "Retirement Int...

      THE WARRINGTON JUSTICES' "RETIREMENT INTO PRIVATE LIFE . " The Breach of Contiuct Case , —It will have been observed in the parliamentary reports of Tuesday night , that the secretary of state has considered it his duty to quash the conviction , and order the immediate discbarge of tbe men who were committed from this town , a short time ago , for an allsged breach of contract ; Mr , J , B . Edelsten , file manufacturer , being the complainant . The men arrived here on Wednesday evening , and were met

      and escorted into the town by some hundreds Of WOrk . ing men , with every demonstration of joy , We regret to add , that it is very currently rnraoured that the magistrates who decided the case—Thomas Lyon , Esq . and William Stubs , E < q . —have determined , in consequence of this occurrence , to retire from the bench . We trust , however , tha rumour may be unfounded . Mr , Lyon has been in commission since 1319 , a period of twenty-eight sears .

      The above is an extract from the Manchester Guardian , It seems , then , that there was some foundation for the " retirement-into-private-life " rumour ; still wc cannot give it implicit credit . — What a man this Mr . Roberts is !—how his power grows I In Northumberland he destroyed the appetite of many a justice—some to our knowledge brought up their breakfasts and lost all desire for dinner . In Durham there were similarly distressing results , and on the release of the Thorney men , two of the most courageous of these administrators of the law promised to commit suicide ; but they forgot to do it . Still these results were but of a temporary nature—a dose of salts cured all ; but to make a

      magistrate—nay , notone , but two—RETIRE , actually " go out , " never , never , never , never no more to sit again—never to tell Jones , the constable , to turn them boys out , if they make a noise—no ! we won't believe it ; 'tis too ' much . Who would not he a People's ATTORNEY-GENERAL with such glorious prospects in view , not only to he the General Gaol Deliverer , but Purifier of the Bench ? But we don't believe the Manchester Guardian , That naughty "Thomas" and " William" should hide their heads for a time , we can well imagineshould slink away till the storm is blown over—but actually retire ! no , 'we cannot swallow it , and yet tlie morsel is so delicious , that we cannot wholly part with the hope that it is true .

      We have heard , indeed , another version of this retirement j that these two worthies have decided on retiring—but only so far as Lancashire is concerned . We have seen a letter : " Your old friends , Lyon and Stubs , have not retired from the bench , but have withdrawn their services from Warrington , and opened a court in a public-house ( what a tumble !) in Cheshire , about half a mile from Warrington , at the Saracens Head . " Foolish men ! So they hope , by getting into Cheshire , to be out of the Attorney General ' s reach . Vain hope—he'll be after themhe'll find them out , let them take our word for it . We suppose they will take Jones the constable with them . They'd be nothing , less than nothing , without Jones .

      We have received several accounts of the hearty rejoicing on the discharge of the men , —the procession , flags , marching , cheers , & c . ; and how " somebody" came in when they were singing that Mr Roberts was a hearty good fellow" For he ' s a hearty good fellow , and so says every one . " And how they dressed-up two old women ( one much fatter than the other ) , and called one " Thomas" and the other " Billy , " and how they made Billy and Thomas both jolly drunk , as a " compensation for the indignity . "

      Then Jones , determined to have a " retiring " fling , summoned the landlord for " suffering the people to be drunk on the premises , " and how he ( Jones , not the landlord ) got floored . Oh ! how we laughed . Poor Jones ! But we cannot chronicle these rejoicings now ; our joy is too full to write about such small matters . Run away from Lancashire after "having been in the commission 28 years ! " Oh ! Jones—Jones , never let them come back again !

      Parliamentary Review. The New Scheme Of ...

      PARLIAMENTARY REVIEW . The new scheme of Convict Discipline , explained by Earl Grey last week , formed the topic of an interesting debate on an important subject , aud was agam referred to on Mondavi The Government plan may be briefly described . Transportation , as a punishment , is to be totally abolished , in respect of men . Sentences will be passed as usual , but the convicts will be subjected to separate confinement , iu the prisons of the United Kingdom , for periods aver . ; . year , and not exceeding eighteen months . They will then he employed for a period ,

      contingent upon their own good conduct , but expected to be , on the average , when half the sentence has expired , on a penal class of public works , either at home or in some of the colonies : finally , they will be pardoned conditionally , the condition being their exile from this country for the remaining period of the original sentence . With the exception of this banishment , the convH will be perfectly free , both as to the quarter to which he may emigrate , and in the disposal of his time and labours This part ot the scheme is not to be considered as a part of the punishment , but rather , in fact , to

      secure to the reformed culprit a field of exertion in which he may begin with a new character . Government will not pay the passage money , but the cost will be defrayed out of the accumulated earnings of the convict on the public works , which will be duly set down to his credit ; and his family will be allowed to emigrate with him . It is calculated that the labour of the convicts will reimburse the Stale for the expense of their maintenance and superintendence . In the first instance , they will have to he

      lodged in the hulks , ; but a new system of labour , and new domestic arrangements , are to be devised for the class . Large numbers will be employed in the quarries it the Isle of Portland-a place which , at the same time , affords suitable employment , and is convenient for their custody . Large moveable wooden buildings , capable of being transferred to different places , are in preparation for the convicts ; and their labour will be made available in the construction of fortifications and harbours of refuge .

      It will be seen that this scheme involves a very vide dcy »& rUwe tvom the present svstem of convict discipline , and that the Government , in bringing it forward , have been actuated by the twofold desire of escaping from " the evils which past experience has shown to be inherent in the plan of penal colonies , into which , as into a common sewer , all the criminality of the country is discharged ; and , on the other hand , tho not less laudable desire , that the convicts themselves should be put through a course of reformatory and industrial discipline , which will , at the expiration of a certain period of probation , enable them to com - mence life in a new sphere of action , supplied with inducements and i > owers to live an honest life for .

      the remainder of their existence . It is impossible to do otherwise than respect these motives . They indicate forcibly how silently , but how steadily , great social and moral changes are progressing among us . Seven years ago the very men who now propose this plan resisted similar but smaller alterations , when urged by Sir W . Molesworth , backed by the evidence of a select committee on the subject . This disposition to look beyond the mere fact of an infraction of the law to the causes that have induced it , aud to treat the criminal as a

      human being who may he influenced by motives addressed to his reason and feelings—as one who , though seduced or impelled into erroneous or criminal courses , is still capable of being reclaimed and converted into a useful member of society—is one of the characteristics of the age , and shows that no good word or work is ever uttered , written , or done , without fruit in due season . The Owens , Benthams , Romillys , and Mackintoshes , have not lived and laboured in vain . We are gradually growing up to an apprehension that , after all , man is the primary object of legislation j and that only in so far as our political and social arrangements

      provide for his physical , intellectual , and moral wellbeing , do we fulfil the most indispensable and elementary conditions of society . There are , however , several objections which may be urged to the newplan , jffhich in practice will , we fear , not realise the objects of its projectors . These , difficulties , however , in reality , arise out of the chaotic and anomalous organisation of society itself . They are not in the least degree attributable to any particular party , nor do they detract from the merit of the plan , which will , of course , be subject to such modifications as experience and the actual requirements of the public may suggest .

      The Motion Of Mr. Ewart, For The Aboliti...

      The motion of Mr . Ewart , for the Abolition of Punishment by Death , is another proof of that moral refinement and advance in civilization , of which the Government scheme affords an example . The comparatively large number who voted for the motion , compared with former occasions , and the subdued tone of its opponents , contrasted with the argumentative ' and xealons speeches of its advocates , are also indicative of an immense increase of public opinion on this subject : it is merely a question of time and continuous agitation . In due season ,

      hanging for any of the crimes now retained on the statute book , as peculiarly worthy of capital punishment , will be as obsolete as it now is for housebreaking , sheep-stealing , or forgery . All of these were , not many years ago , capital offences , and the Sir Robertf tnglises , Lord Eldons , and other pious old women o that devout and bloody school , predicted quite as many evils from its abolition in these cases as they

      do now . But Humanity was too strong , both for bigotry and official apathy . One by one these sanguinary and deliberate offerings on the altar of Revenge were swept away . The world is a great deal the better for having ; done so . The farm , g have not been ruined by a general void ; house keepers can still sleep in their beds o ' nights ; and the moneyocracy of Threadneedle-street and Lombardstreet , so far as we see , are as safe and sound as ever .

      The Suppression Of Cracow Has At Length ...

      The Suppression of Cracow has at length been brought before the Commons . In doing so , Mr , Hume described the violation of the treaty by Russia , and recommended that this country should make reprisal by discontinuing to pay the £ 120 , 000 a-year interest on the Russian Dutch Loan , which rests upon the authority uf the same treaty that guarantees the independence of Cracow . That we would be legally justified in doing so , is vouched for by the deliberate opinion

      of the most eminent jurists in the country ; that we ought to do so on political grounds , we hold to he so apparent as not to need a word of explanation . By continuing to perform any act whatever stipulated by the treaty which the three Northeriyle- ' spotic Powers have violated , we shall in fact become jmrticeps erhninis in the violation , and further stultify ourselves , by rendering our " protest " a farrago of mere words—a nuUHy . The Ministry , however , do not take this view of the subject . Lord John Russell would not do anything so ungenteel as to talk to Russia about money , and advised the House to vest contented with Lord Palmerslnn ' s

      " protest . ' Such is a Whig Premier ' s idea of the manner in which a powerful aud earnest nation should support its words ! We are to content ourselves with , simply crying " shame * ' at the destruction of those relics of Poland which we solemnly entered into a league to protect ! We canno t think that the representatives of that Great Britain which prides itself on the position it has held in the very van of nations , will degrade themselves and their country , by agreeing to a course which would fasten upon them and it the stigma either of heartlessnessor cowardice . At the time we write e the Commons have not pronounced an opinion .

      The Ministerial Measures For Ireland Pro...

      The Ministerial Measures for Ireland progress hut slowly . People are beginning to think about them , and the more they think the less they like the indigested , incoherent bundle of nostrums which have nothing clear about them , except two points—first , that England is to pay a great deal of money ; and , second , that the only party who will be benefited in the long-run are the Irish landlords . There is nothing about that class of persons so peculiarly fascinating as to seduce us into such profuse and extravagant liberality towards them . In the midst

      of those distresses which excite the sympathy and the horror of the people of England , and which , in addition to the enormous sums ostensibly poured from the National Exchequer for its mitigation , call forth princely contributions not only from England , but from foreign countries—these same landlords do not seem as a bod y disposed to make the slightest sacrifice for the benefit of their hunger and pestilence-stricken follow-countrymen . Out of the revenues they derive from the soil of Ireland they either refuse to contribute altogether , or give

      such beggarly donations as are at once a mockery of tbe misery they are meant to relieve and a disgrace to the heartless and selfish wretches who offer them . In the meantime they maintain their usual retinue of servants , horses and dogs . One landlord was referred to on Monday night who feeds seventy dogs on meal and milk , while men are daily dying at his park gates from positive starvation ; aud the excuse offered for him by a brother landlord in the House was , that as ihe greater part of his estates were eighteen miles

      from . Mallow , there / ore he had no right to contribute to the relief of tbe perishing people . On that ground we apprehend Parliament should stop all the million , two million , and three million bills which are now struggling through their different stages . The , English industrial classes , who will have to pay all these millions are farther away than eighteen miles , and have no property anywhere iu Ireland . It distance is to snap all connection , destroy all sympathy , and abrogate all the duties of citizenship , then they at least stand more clearly absolved than these landlords . Meanwhile the Whig ministry

      is clearly playing into their hands . The measures which go to put money into their purses are pressed forwarders / . Those which establish some slight claim upon them—which give the people the shadow of a chance of making them disgorge something , however small , from the stream of British bounty—lag behind at a most respectable distance , and are at the same time subjected to so many mutilations in their tortoise-like progress , that long before they reach the last stage—if any of them ever do—there will not remain a rag of even their originally faint" g ood Mentions . " The . Irish Foot Law ,

      The Ministerial Measures For Ireland Pro...

      j which was the only one imposing any obli gation ""** the landlords in return for the enormous sums the " are to receive from the English Exchequer , | , undergone so many modifications at the hands of its originators , that it is now only the shadow of the meagre original . It still conveys auihority u give out-door relief , but under restrictions drawn still tighter than the original ones , —it will allow it only in times of famine or general destitution such as the present , —a provision both suji erewa- '

      lory and nugatory , because in such times relief will be certain to be given as it is at present . For the ordinary pauperism the permanent claims of the poor and destitute—it makes no provision whatever ; it is out-door relief reduced to the extreme minimum ; and to make sure that no mis . take shall be committed on the side of generosity Lord John has adopted a suggestion of Lord Stan , ley ' s , and increased the number of ex-officio guar , dians—in other words , multiplied the landlords to

      such an extent on the Board of Guardians that practically , the whole management will be in their hands . The middle classes , who may have aorae sympathy for the class immediately below them , will be completely neutralize by the " cx-officios , " who will take good care that their acres are very lightly burdened for the support of the poor . In one word , the whole thing is a humbug ! Yet , delusive as the measure is , Lord John , in deference to the " Irish Banditti , " makes it follow the hill for

      the improvement of the landlords' estates , and refuses to give any pledge , that if the bill for the poor is not carried , he will stop the bill for the rich . ' Mr . Roebuck powerfully and sarcastically exposed both the Premier and his Irish allies on Monday night . From the cheers with which his well merited castigations were received , we cannot believe that the Legislature will tamely acquiesce in the monstrous robbery and jobbery which is meant to be perpetrated by some half dozen powerful Whig noblemen Irish proprietors , for the benefit of themselves and co-landlords .

      Another year will , we fear , bring » till heavier distress upon unfortunate Ireland , and both that and this country will long have to curse the time when an imbecile and selfish set of men swayed the destinies of Great Britain and Ireland , at a period when wisdom , experience , and courage , were demanded from our statesmen .

      To &Mm & Comsfjjcmte &

      to & mm & Comsfjjcmte &

      Leoat,, Benjamin Cobbitt, Leek.—The Cour...

      LEOAt ,, Benjamin Cobbitt , Leek . —The court at its discretlen fines the periods of payment , and tho amount of each instalment . X . Y . Z—She cannot marry without a divorce , and the expense would be very large . Divorces are luxuries for the aristocracy . T . T . OrENSIUW . —1 st . Apply at the Colonisd Office . — 2 nd . If he was transported for felony , the Crown , probably , has become entitled to the legacy 3 rd . They can retain it , until a legal claimant comes fonrard . —• 4 th . Assuming that the Crown is not entitled to tbe legacy , and the claim to it is not barred by the Statute , in that case , i ( such a time has elapsed , and such

      circumstances have occurred as to afford a Mr pvesump . tion of his death , any of his next of Uin might take out administration to him , and would be entitled to the legacy . O . G . 3 . —I presume you had no stipulation with your landlord to pay for improvements in case he turned you out ; and , if not , you can not recover any compensation . I suppose you are a tenant from year to year and your landlord can only turn you out at the same period of the year as your tenwey commenced , and that upon giving you six months' previous notice , unless there should be a custom for a shorter notice . YT . II ., Dundee . —If the mother of yourchild is yourtti / e , you bars a right in law to take both fcer and the child with you ; but if the child Vf as not born in wedlflcK . US

      I am inclined to infer from your letter is the fact , in that case you can not take the child with you . The above is according toi % ! Wi law . J . Deeks , Essex After the 15 th of this month d « bU under £ 20 cannot be sued for in any other Court than in the new Small Debts Courts . O . P . S . T . —Before a member can be " out of benefit , " it would appear , by the rules of your society , he must be summoned . And as it would appear there was no summons in your case , the party continued entitled to all the " benefits" of the society . G . H . B ., Holme . —The notice appears to be quite cor . rect , and you had better quit , Wm . Greenwood . —1 st , Being a yearly tenant ( for such would seem to be the case ) , the landlord had a right ,

      after the expiration of any year , to alter the terms oh which the tenant held , and therefore to throw tbe burthen of ykkjv and road rates upon tho tenant ; though , of course , it was optional with the tenant whether he would remain on such terms or not . Having remained , he must pay them , 2 nd , If the landlord entered into a written agreement to malto tha repairs , he can be compelled to perform the agree ment ; but if it was not a written one , bo can not b compelled ; and should the tenant make tbe repairshe could not compel the landlord to pay for them . J . S . —Your question is one for an actuary at a life-insurance office . W . C . B ., Torquay—The pump existing at the time you made tbe conveyance to li , must be considered as an

      appurtenance or casement to B ' s house , andyou would have no right to cut off the supply of water ; and lam of opinion you must keep the pipe in repair , inasmuch as you did not stipulate with B that he should contru bute to the expense . J . d „ Coventry . —I presume that the estate was feesimple . In that case the heir-at-law of B ' s son , expart patama ( i » n tho side of tho father ) , is the person entitled . But , should there be no such heir , then the two daughters of C's son may possibly be the parties en . titled ; but it is impossible to give a satisfactory opinion without seeing ati authenticated pedigree . lUirn Hodgkinson . —Tbe bat-manufacturer having become a bankrupt , his assignees became entitUd to tbe apprentice ' s services for tho remainder of his

      apprenticeship , and ; couhl assign him to a new master , W . iges which were due at the time of bankruptcy may be proved under the fiat . The bankrupt is not liable for any that have since become due . I suppose tbe bankrupt has obtained bis certificate . ' It . D ., S . I ,., C . F ., Chorley . —1 st , The judge may imprison for non-observance of his judgment , —2 nd , In sotM c . ises the action may be removed into a superior court ; but you do not state tho particular case —3 rd , Yes . Mr . Hobin ! iON . —You had better pet a lawyer to draw t out your case , as it is not drawn with sufficient legal 1 precision for me to understand it . Ekratcm—John Wall , Stanhope . —In last week ' s Star r for " repented" read "reputed . " NOTICE . —It is requested that all legal cases may ro e addressed to M . Ernest Jones , for if addressed to o

      any other person a delay in answering may unavoidably y take place . MISCELLANEOUS . Dalston . —Our Dalston friends are too thoughtless . Tho 10 power of occupants disposing of their allotments is is the right arm of the Land Plan , and the greatest help Ip to the really industrious . Our friends must always ys bear in mind , that one man selling is no reason why ij another should sell . They must understand the liberty ty to Sv'H , and tbe liberty to keep . Q . O . is a very silly and impertinent fellow , if he sup- ipposes that anything would induce Mr . O'Connor to to facilitate his getting possession of an allotment to the he prejudice of another , J . It . —Yes ; he will be allowed to appl y his money depo . po . sited in the redemption department to the reductionion of his rent .

      J . K . —Three-and-a-half per cent , interest on deposits—* S—*> four on ro lemutiou , Mr . O'Connor cannot undertafcoalto i to advise as to which ho Should select . Ccmocs Quehx . —a correspondent at Leith wishes us tos to . tell him who is tho town-clerk of Bolton ? and if ho hoi is a person in whom confidence can be placed to to » recover a debt , As we don ' t know the town-clerk efe eii Bolton , and , therefore , cannot speak to his chavactor ^ ter ,, perhaps that gentleman will himself enlighten out outt Leith correspondent . J . Andebson . —Any Durham or Sunderland bookseUeielkii can procure the Labourer . Tuk O'Connokville Plates . — Several of our ageutseutss have made alterations in their orders for plates too tooa late to be attended to at present , their previous ordersderas having been despatched from the office . JaL . M . —You can have them . Mr . C . Wilkinson , Bradford . —Your papors got eonveyeceyeii to Halifax .

      Ma . W . Burridob , Truro . — The plates are sent . Thi Thci works he orders are not supplied by us . Apply to Mco Mrr J . Watson , Queen ' s Head-passage , Taternoster-row . > w . Mb . Biqos , —John Shaw , of 24 , Gloucester-street , ComComa mtrcial Road East , London , would bo glad to hea > him from his friend , Mr . Biggs , lato of Doptford , audsulasutt sequently of the Tower Hamlets . Will Mr . B . forwarrwarr the small piece of paper he has in bis possession , as i , as j ; is of tho utmost importance to Mr . Shaw « Kottinqium . — Ma . Clark—The agent of the Nationotionnn Trades * Association begs to inform numerous friendriendd that tho " Workmen ' s Own Shop" has been removeraovee from Gltvs » Uoutt- % tmt , to No . 7 , Gregory ' s Buildingldingj Nottingham . To Toe Prizb SnABEnoiDBss or Two Aches . —If ailf ' am shareholder having an allocation at O'ConnorvihorviM should be desirous of exchanging for an allocation ( tion « the Mathou Estate , Malvern , Worcestershire , sue , sua shareholder is requosted to communicate with . A , 8 ., ^ Boo Long's Court , lelteiter-sauaro ,

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), March 13, 1847, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_13031847/page/4/