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Northern Star (1837-1852), 8th November 1845, Edition 2 of 4, Page 4, €o Waters- Sc Com£pmtimtt&

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    • .TO TAIiORS. «'¦ - - Just published,
    • THE NOKTHEM STAR. SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 8,184S.
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  • Adverts (11)
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      Of Informed That They All The Provisions...

      * ^* —^< " ^^*^*^ J ^^ * ' "" "' " * ¦ "' : ¦ * ¦ .- I I ivT nni l i ^^

      .To Taiiors. «'¦ - - Just Published,

      . TO TAIiORS . «'¦ - - Just published ,

      Ad00409

      * VAK 1 S TASBIOSS for the Autumn LOSDON ^ d 5 * f - \; T . e 00 D , 8 , fJonduiMtreet , ¦' •*» ^ SSt- Themostsupeibphtte ever pub-K «^ : str S ^ ren ^ ting theJ nostfaihioiiaWegar-! W «« - ^^ S / uS «^ e paletot over-ceats , both »" ^ ^^ teeLted . slx patterusofgannents—viz ., *** % S So ^ o % ri coats , the Parisian style : 'SS 2 £ » a . hooting vest ; full and partieular *^ Tl ^ ZT Price 10 s . 6 d . for the one season , or 20 s . r ^ \ rar toda £ ng an Intermediate report , summer 2 d wmtU withewry necessary information throughout ^ sr ieadwl livery Plate , warranted the most useful in < he trade -seven patterns of garments , and a book of description , & c . Price only 12 s . Two Juvenile Platesif o . 1 lor spring -and summer , Ho . 2 for autumn and winter * - price ( with the fashions or livery plate ) , 4 s . each . The work on -Cutting , in numbers at Is . 6 d . each , as ¦ jjgnat Scientific cutting taught , and garments or pattens cut for & e trade . —Observe the address , as above .

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      -TO TAILORS . 3 JV approbation of Her Host Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria and His Koyal Highness Prince Albert THE LOynOKaud PAKIS FASHIONS for Autumn and Winter , 1845 and 1846 , ready early in October , by BEAD aad -Co ., 12 Hart . street , Bloomsbury-sQ . UBxe , Xondon -Verger , Holy well-street Strand , London , and maybe had of all Booksellers wheresoever residing ; a very superb "Print , representing the most splendid exhibition in Europe ,. an Interior Tiew of the Colosseum , Besent ' s-park . -Londen . This exquisitely executed and leautifully coloured Print will he accompanied with fullezeDress , Prock , aud Riding Coat Patterns ; also , Patterns ofthe 2 « w Pashiosaole Polka Frock , and locomotive

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      TO ALL WHO CAX'T PAT . ' IMMEDIATE Protection , and a prompt and safe iinal discharge , without the intervention of a Prison or an Attorney . A discharge to Debtors is nowimperative , itecause Imprisonment forDebt is nowpenaL notreaiediaL—Debtors of all grades will hehenentted by applying JenhwitU to John S . Benstead , 22 , Uasinghall-StTCCt , near the Court of-Sankruptcy , London .

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      GREAT BI 1 ITAIS HCTCAI . LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY , 14 , TF . iTEELOO-rl . ACE , LoXDOJ * . - ' D 1 RECTOBS . The Chisholm , Chairman . "William Morley , Esq ., Deputy Chairman . Henry S . Barber , Esq . James John Kinloch , Esq . John Jlrijrhtiuan , Esq . Henry Lawsou , Esq . Trancis fSrodisan , Esq . Henry Penny , Esq . James Win . Deaeon ,. Esq . Robert Power , Esq ., JI . D . AlexanderK . Irvine . Esq . The Bev . F . W . Johnson John Inglis Jcrdeiu , Esq . Trickery , A . M . AUDIT 0 S 3 . C . B . Rule , Esq . T . C . Simmons , Esq . G . Thomas , Esq . TETS 1 CIAN . John C'eauhming , 3 i . T > ., P . R . S ., 1 C , "Wimpole-Street .

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      SHEFFIELD AND LDSAOLNSEIRE JUNCTION RAILWAY . WHEREAS , Notices were dul y published in the month of November last , in the Xontfon- Gazette , the Sheffield and Itotherham Independent , the Nottingham Journal , the Derbyshire € c & rkr , the Zt ' ntoln , Rutland , and Stamford Hercu ^ and the Lincoln Standard Newspapers , that application was intended to be made in the then next ensuing Session ef Parliament , for leave to bring in a . Bill to incorporate a Company , aad to gWe to each Company power to make and maintain a Railway , commencing & y a Junction with the Sheffield , Ashton-under-Lyne , and Manchester Eailway , at or near OboEue-street , in the Township of BrightsideBierlow , in the Parish

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      * ' "" "' " * " THE COLOSSEUM . GRAND OECHERTKAL ORCfAK . —This magnificent " ' establishment , patronised -and virited hy her MAJESTY and Mi Royal Highness Prince ALBERT , hate now , in addition to its former alterations , a new Orchestral Organ , erected in , the Glyptotheca , on which the most admired pieces of music will be played daily , from Two'till Four o'Cleck . Open from Ten till Halfpast Four . Admittance , 3 s . Children , half-price , The Stalactite Caverns , the most magnificent of all the Temples which nature has built for herself in the regions of night , is . each . The whole projected-and designed by M . W . BradwelL

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      TO THE EMBARRASSED . —IMPORTANT . THERE are thousands of persons who have struggled long against the force of misfortune , hut few are aware that hy a very recent Act all small traders owing debts not exceeding £ 300 , farmers , and all others owing to any amount , can be entirely raised from their difficulties at a small expense , and without imprisonment or bankruptcy . All such Mr . "Weston begs will apply to him at Moira-chamhers , 17 , Ironmonger-lane , Cheapside , by letter or personally . Persons summoned for small debts should apply immediately , as they may thereby save themselves from frequent and lengthened commitments to prison .

      Ad00416

      METROPOLITAN SEWAGE MANURE COMPANY . ( Provisionally registered . J Capital £ 1 , 000 , 000 , in 30 , 000 Shares of £ 50 each , Deposit £ 1 per Share . THE object of this Company is to supply ( at a quarter of the cost of stable or farmyard manure ) the sewage water of the Metropolis to the surrounding country . is manure by mechanical means similar to those employed by the "Water Companies . A careful and moderate calculation has been made of the annual outlay and income , from which it can confidently be stated that the undertaking will realise a net profit Of at least 15 per cent . Prospectuses , containing full particulars of the plan , and extracts from the reports and authorities upon which the estimates are based , may be had on application at the temporary offices of the Company , No . 5 , Jjerners-street , or will be fortvarded to any address .

      Ad00417

      MANY THOUSANDS OF POUNDS STERLL \ G TO BE GIVEN TO THE SUBSCRIBERS TO THE PICTORIAL TIMES . For particulars of this extraordinary undertaking apply immediately to any Bookseller , or Newsreader , in England , Ireland , or Scotland , or to the Publisher , Mr . C . Svans , 851 , Strand , London / who will he happy to forward a Prospectus .

      Ad00418

      BEST AND CHEAPEST MUSIC IN THE WORLD-GREAT SUCCESS .

      Ad00419

      JUST PUBLISHED , In one volume , foolscap 8 vo ., neat cloth , price 7 s . 6 d „ THE PURGATORY OF SUICIDES : A Prison Bhyme : in Ten Books : BI THOMAS COOPER , THE CHARTIST . J . How , Publisher , 132 , Fleetatreet . $ gr Orders from the Country to he sent through the Boolisellers . MR . COOPER'S NEW WORK , Just Published , in 2 vols ., 12 mo .. j PriceFourteen Shillings ,

      The Nokthem Star. Saturday, November 8,184s.

      THE NOKTHEM STAR . SATURDAY , NOVEMBER 8 , 184 S .

      The Famine.

      THE FAMINE .

      « ' Where there s a win there ' s a way . " The blunders of a bench of country Shallow & -the immoralities of a State Church parson—the peculation and brutality of a Bastile overseer—the insolence of a Poor-law Commissioner—the turpitude of a Secretary of State—the tyranny of a landlord—the absurdity of a judge—the subserviency of a Legislator—the corruption of Parliament—the tortuous windings of a Prime Minister—the pliancy of his recjjess supporters—the plunder of railway directors

      - ^ the remorselessness griping attormes—the cruelty of employers—the venality of the public press —the tergiversation , of agitators—tiie neglect of a noble lord who overlooked a money letter—the apostacy of politicians—and the whimsicality ! of monarchs , areone and all incidents of daily occurrence , and may constitute the political stock of journalists , to be served up as convenience requires , with seasoning suitingtothepalateof their respective customers ; but famine , the topic upon which wd write , is a subject to which , all others must be deferred ,

      It is one that cannot be seasoned to any palate . It is one which indirectly affects those who are not in immediate fear of its consequences . Like the malignant contagion , it is no respecter of persons , and , therefore , it is for the same reason dreaded by the wealthy . It is a huge devastating epidemic that traverses the land , and . against whose march no cordon" can beopposed . It isworse than pestilence . The progress of { pestilence may be arrested , but famine " breaks through stone walls . " This is the position to which the landlords of England and of Ireland , backed by their Ministerial tools , have brou g ht this country , and they alone are responsible for the

      result . We will not , with the game littleness of mind that characterises the Times newspaper and many of its correspondents , attribute the evil to , and saddle the consequencesupon , Sir RoBERTPi'nLandthe Sliding Scale . The evil has existed almost from time immemorial , and would , had it not been for Sir Robert Peel ' s measures taken in the bulk , not capriciously picked for factious purposes , be now felt with ten-fold , twenty-fold , a hundred-fold severity ; yea , if the cheap bread "Whigs were now in office , instead of allowing inquiry to precede action , they would jump to some fill-belly conclusion , and leave the responsibility of failure as a legacy to their opponents .

      As we anticipated in the outset we learn from the Irish Commissioners that the Irish people cannot be expected to live for ten months upon starch , and , that

      The Famine.

      hope having failed , the said Commissioners announce to his Excellency the Lord-Lieutenant , thai other means of salvation must be devised . It is then our duty to consider the several plans recommended by the respective parties . When ever a . ' great national calamity becomes threatening to faction , we find ! that all minor differences are merged "for the present " in the paramount consideration as to how their order may be preserved from the consequences . This is the real English of the charity and philanthropy of

      the wealthy when any event occurs which is of right placed to their account . By words of high-sounding patriotism and niggardly action they not only divert public opinion from a consideration of their own misdeeds , but they gather laurels and reap profit from national suffering . Hence we find the Leinsters , the Cloncurrys , the O'Connells , the Fitzimoos , with a sprinkling of Orangemen , jumbled into a heterogeneous Protective Society to mitigate a malady ofwhich they themselves are the authorai

      To meet this national malady two sweeping prescriptions are proposed ; the one the repeal of the Corn Laws , and the other a plausible appeal from the agitators , who thrive upon poverty , to the Irish landlords to permit their tenants to overbold their stock of corn . We shall , firstly , deal with the repeal of the Corn Laws , and we cannot even enter upon a consideration of the question without a passing comment upon Mr . O'Coxsell ' s timely change of opinion . When there was not the same necessity for the proposed alteration , the Liberator , to tickle the ears of his English Free Trade audience , over and over again

      declared that the primary object of Government and of all classes should be to give the people cheap food . What , said he , can be more startling and affecting than the infant appeal of the child who says to its mother , " Mammy , ! ara hungry , give me some'bread ¦?" and what more conclusive condemnation of the breadtax than the answer of the mother who replieS j " Whis't , agra , I can't , there ' s ataxupon it . " If there is pity due to the appeal , and truth in the response , surely there never was a time when they would be more applicable than at the present moment . And yet Mr . O'Co-vsEM . now fears to press the question lest he should lose the support of his committee .

      Such , however , is not the real motive for his opposition . He knows full well that the repeal of the Corn Laws was only resorted to as a clap trap-cry to strengthen agitation . He knows that if the effect of a repeal of the Corn Laws would be sucli as the advocates of the measure anticipate , namely , an astounding fall in the price of wheat , that the Irish farmers thus saddled with all the penalty of famine would be converted into his most clamorous opponents . He knows full well that the Irish farmers are a brave , a dangerous , although a confiding and

      easily managed class . He knows that the very anticipation of the change would cause them to button up their pockets upon his rent-day , and , therefore , for the present , he places what lie once considered the most im portant- of all measures in abeyance . We tell Sir Robert Peel that the reduction in the price of corn consequent upon a repeal of the Corn Laws would be followed by a bloody and disastrous revolution iu Ireland , and that , so far from arresting the progress of famine , it would but tend to increase its severity .

      The Irish landlords , the usurpers of the soil , are proud and tyrannical because suspicious—from their position ; while they are for the most part needy , luxurious , and unthrifty . In any measure involving the price of produce , the interests , or rather the unhappy connection , of landlords , tenants , and labourers , cannot be separated . No casualty which promises to be merely temporary will induce them to abate any portion of their claim upon the tenant , while the . doubtfal position of the latter invariably imposes certain ruin upon the labourer . Let wheat fall to that standard to which panic alono would reduce it , not five per cent , of the landlord class will

      commensurately reduce their rents , and not ten per cent , of the tenant class will expend a single shilling that can be avoided in the payment of wages . The landlords , so , far from being softened into contrition , will become . more pompous , proud , and oppressive . The tenant . class will become more maddened and excited , while the labouring class , so unhappily dependent upon both , will become exasperated , reckless , and revengeful . All will be given up to despair , and hopelessness will be seen blazing throughout the country . Thus . we dispose of recommendation number one ; and now we turn to the second—the modest appeal from the agitators to . the landlords , to allow their tenants to reserve their corn for

      pro-. We have given the Irish landlordsiheir just character ; nor shall w . e withhold the same from the Irish farmers . If then the landlords should follow up this recommendation , the labouring people , who are the most numerons . ckss , would not he benefitted to the extent of a fraction of a farthing , as far as regards the price of grain . The world does not furnish a single instance of greater oppression , . tyranny , and fraud , than that practised by the Irish fanners towards their labourers . Not a single petty sessions takes place , not a single quarter session is held ,. at which the great majority of cases ara not appeals of the labouring classes against the broken

      contracts , the violated promises ! , the chousings , and the cheatings of labourers by their employers . And so far from the possession of a large supply of food being placed at their discretion alleviating the present . distress , on the contrary , . every holder will become an extorting usurer and a jobber , and will screw the highest farthing out of the pocket of the unfortunate labourer . Thus we show , from a more intimate knowledge of the several classes than even Mr . O'CoxNEu / possesses , that neither of the proposed remedies will have the anticipated effect ; while any fund which may be raised by charity , will be reduced by at least fifty per cent-, before it reaches the object for whose relief it was meant .

      We remember a famine before—we recollect the amount subscribed ; and we also recollect that more than one country squire fed his hounds upon the people's store of oatmeal . While we justify the judicial enquiry upon a subject on which some contrariety of opinion exists , we demand , upon the part of the whole people , that that enquiry should be as prompt and searching as possible , and the execution of salutary measures should follow without a moment ' s unnecessary delay . It .. has ever been pur Complaint , that if changes , however sweeping , are required for the purposes of faction , that no intricacy stands in the way of consummation . The

      change is made at railway speed ; but when any demand is made upon the part ef the people , searching enquiry is considered requisite . Committee and wmraissioa follow each , vther in quick succession , " until the fever of excitement has passed away , and ft complex and voluminous report is all they receive for their pains . Such , however , cannot be the case now ; we must have something more than the starchy recommendations of chemical commissioners ; something more than 'the frothy ebullition of begging patriots ; something more than the philanthropy Of tyrant landlords ; something more than the alms of strained and ostentatious charity .

      Does Sir Robeht Peel know , that , estimating the number of horses employed in our service , in cavalry and artillery , at 20 , 000 , four pounds of corn subtracted from the daily allowance of each , would grind into oatmeal that would furnish ample food for 150 , 000 human beings for six months ? As , then , there is no diflicultyin procuring information when a people are to be taxed , or when changes are to be made for the benefit of factions , let us forthwith have a sweeping commission to take stock of every

      man ' s means , and let Government , whose duty it is , lay a graduated tax upon the wealthy in aid of the starving and unprotected poor . We tell him that the people , who produce all , will not tamely look upon the pampered , idle menial , the bloated lord , the gouty squire , the bursting war-horse , the sleek policeman , and the well-fed soldier . It is not in nature that they should do so . Again we conclude , under thispainful h $ ad , by once more reminding the selfish and oversecure , that '' hunger will break through stone walls . "

      The Responsibility Of Governments. If Th...

      THE RESPONSIBILITY OF GOVERNMENTS . If the only duty of a Government is to bow suppliantly and crouch to the strong , and to take vengeance forjts humiliation upon the weak , our rulers are pre-eminently distinguished for the performance of those functions . But , upon the other hand , if another and a higher duty devolves upon them , that of faithfully holding a balance between ^ all classes , they have egreglously failed in the application of their power , and the discharge of their several duties . While we are unwilling to saddle . all the responsibility of a great novel calamity upon Sir

      Robert Peel , we may , nevertheless , fairly use the occurrence for the purpose of creating a belief in his mind that an altered system may lead , if ' not to immediate correction , at least to a successful prevention in future , and we doubt not but such a step would heal much of [ that animosity which at present the working people cherish towards Government , the aristocracy , and the middle classes . For a very long time the press has teemed with strictures upon the war that has been raging against authority . We have stood alone in justifying the aggressive and offensive position assumed by the people , and we have proved to dem nstration that the war was a war of wealth , of power , and of coercion ,

      waged against poverty and helplessness . We have argued that the resources naturally , equitably , legally , morally , and legitimately belonging to all , were usurped by a class . We have stated , and cannot be contradicted , that while thirteen millions under a bad Government may be an over-population , that , under a just distribution of national , wealth the same country would furnish ample means for the comfortable support of a hundred millions . We early foresaw , and as early denounced , the effect of centralisation . We cautioned the people , and told them that it was the new principle adopted by Sir Robert Peel to insure the amalgamation of political parties into a class of privileged plunderers , and legalised freebooters .

      To this novel mode of action , as the mainspring of Government , we opposed the principle of individuality , proving incontrovertibly that the greatness of a nation must ever depend upon individual comfort and satisfaction . Our boasted victories in Central Asia—our unjust triumphs in China—our magnanimous appeal to arms in defence of Mr . Bagman-Commissioner Pritchard — our boastful threats to Republican America—Our paper skirmishes with France—and our domestic security in the bravery and patriotism of 50 , 000 Chelsea pensioners— were one and all urged as a proof of

      England ' s greatness—were placed to the account of increasing civilisation—a consequence of which , we were insolently informed , was a corresponding and simultaneous increase of poverty . The difference between the two principles , centralisation and individuality , are , however , now about to be tested and if centralisation would establish any equitable claim , its title will be best proved by convincing the . people that the holders of wealth , however procured , look upon themselves in the character of stewards , and that in the day of need they hold themselves responsible for the just and equitable distribution of those resources which the new principle recognised by Government has enabled them to amass . What is every man ' s business is nobody ' s business ; and

      hence we shrewdly apprehend that this law of : . distribution will not be administered ; and , if not , will not the working classes say to themselves , " What has been may be . " AVc have been visited by a great calamity—a calamity , the effect of which might have been wholly and entirely averted by a just application of the country ' s resources . Will they not travel through the country , and ask themselves how it comes to pass that Laud , by which alone food is produced , should be in a state of barren unproductiveness , while they , if allowed to cultivate it , would have been either wholly saved from the horrors of famine , or in part reconciled to it by the balmy reflection that it was the work of God alone , and that each , from the Queen tq ; the peasant , were equally sufferers by the visitation .

      Will they not enquire why a people with land ol surpassing richness , and with a genial climate , should be dependent , upon foreigners for their very existence . ? Will they not ask for good cause why the price of the foreigners , productions should affect the price of their labour . And when they discover that all those anomalies exist , and are upheld and perpetuated by that golden link which bind . the few together , willthey not then see the glorious result that must follow union . Will they not , as a class with inseparable interests , merge alltheirminor differences

      into the grand principle of centralisation . If the centralisation ofthe power ofthe few has been followed by the plunder of the many , nothing but the consolidation ofthe many can compel the few , if not to disgorge the already ill-gotten gain , at least to . arrest the , further plunder and check its progress for the future . Th " e cold political apathy that has followed the new tactics of Sir Robert Peel has equally affected all clases of society . The boiling bubble on the surface has disturbed the waters to their lowest depth .

      The Tories are confident—the ^ Whigs are deadthe Corn Law League is slumbering—the Irish Repealers are amused by the ravings and the antics of spouters and showmen — the Complete Suffragists have evaporated—the landlords are paralysed—the parsons are quaking—the Dissenters are watchingthe farmers are desponding—and the Chartists , partaking of the national malady , have become apathetic . It is to arouse them that we now write . We invoke them , by the name of him whose birth-day it is ( the

      immortal HUNT ) , to shake off their lethargy , and once more rally round the standard which he raised and never deserted . While usurpers are deliberating upon statues of butchers , tyrants , and hypocrites , to decorate the walls of what is ludicrously called the ' House of Commons , " let us pay a more honourable devotion to the departed great ones , by making another and more vigorous struggle to establish their principles in the most honoured statues that can be erected to their memory .

      Seeing what the usurpation of the Land by the few has led to ; seeing what the want of just Government has brought upon us , let us from henceforth renew our covenant to struggle to the death for the People ' s Charter and the Land . Do this , or walk like spectres into the parks of the wealthy—follow the sports of the idle—and when you see the prancing horse , the bloated hound , and the pampered official defying that famine that has reduced you to beggary — crouch and sneak away without a murmur ; you are Jhe forger of your own chains , the willing abettor of your tyrant ' s supremacy . Where there ' s a will there ' s a way , and for a nation to be free , her people need but to will it . _ .

      The Potatoe Crop. We Beg To Direct The A...

      THE POTATOE CROP . We beg to direct the attention of our readers to the lamentable accounts of the potatoe crop selected from all parta of the United Kingdom , and to remind them that , insignificant as the failure may at first sight appear , it is the principal food of nineteen-twentieths of the Irish working classes , and also much relied upon as an article of food by the poorer classes of England . In addition to what we select from other sources , we beg to add what we have witnessed ourselves since we last wrote upon the subject . Since then we have visited several large and small farmers in Surrey , and the following was the resultof our enquiries - . —One farmer , who holds 300 acres of land ,

      in the parish of Nutfieid , informed us that that portion of the crop which , a week before he esteemed safe , had gone . Another farmer , in the same parish , who occupies 113 acres , showed us Ma store -where he had classed the potatoes in three heaps . In the one were those wholly gone , in another were those partially tainted , that had been selected for the pigs , in the third were those which were supposed to have escaped . We turned the good heap over and selected those apparently the most sound , and having cut them wc found that , without a single exception , all were irrevocably gone , and this from Wednesday , the day upon which they were stored , to Sunday . Another farmer , occupying seventy acres in tho

      The Potatoe Crop. We Beg To Direct The A...

      parish of Home , informed us that they were all gone in his district . On Monday we examined three heaps that we had grown ourselves . They promised to be the best in the county : ; a very careful gardener had the week before selected what he thought had escaped , but , to his astonishment , when we cut several of those he esteemed to be the most sound , they were every one gone . 'On Tuesday we dined with a friend , and after dinner we enquired of his housekeeper how she found the potatoes in London—her answer was , that , if she laid in two days' provision , she found on the second day that if the potatoes had touched each other , they were unfit for use . This touching is altogether nonsense ; the disease is , we believe , in v . f TT . Mn : « MTrtnm < u 1 no fYl ^ if 41 iau wa »> o nil crAna

      every potatoe , the fact of which will be discovered by the following operation . It is quite evident that the blight struck the leaves and stalk , and that the infection was communicated through the stalk , as the potatoes upon the continent and elsewhere that were struck at a certain stage of their growth , immediately ceased to grow , and perished . If then , the curious willtake a potatoe , cutting it from the heel , or large eye by which it is appended to the stalk , to the nose or point , where a cluster of eyes appear , he will discover a purple tinge running in the first instance between the skin and the potatoe , and a pale green seam running all through in the centre . He will also find thai the whole appearance , when cut , presents the elements of decay .

      €O Waters- Sc Com£Pmtimtt&

      € o Waters- Sc Com £ pmtimtt &

      Important Notice. Henceforth All Communi...

      IMPORTANT NOTICE . Henceforth all communications for the Northern SUu must be . addressed simply thus : — To the Editor , Northern . Star Office , 10 , Great Windmill-street , London . I request particular attention to the above notice . . L ' eakgus O'Connor .

      Frost, Williams, And Jones.—In A Latter,...

      Frost , Williams , and Jones . —In a latter , received in Newport this week from Hobart Town , the writer states that he has seen Frost , who was in food health , hut was looking very many years older , and with lisiii completel y whitened , lie calmly made many inquiries respecting the members of his family and former acquaintances in this locality , and stated that he was reconciled to his situation , that of clerk in a stove . The writer adds that Williams is overseer of a colliery , and Jones guard of the launceston mail . —Monmouthshire Merlin The Polish Cause and the Infajiccs Fkekcu Government . —To the Editor of the Northern Star . — Sir , —On thn eve of the fifteenth anniversary of the Polish revolution " , when the Poles made the most extraordinary and unparalleled efforts to throw off the

      Russian yoke which oppressed , and yet oppresses them —that is to say , on the 29 th of November , 1830—it may be interesting to very many of your readers to be made acquainted with the innumerable obstacles which the Polish exiles have to contend against in their attempt to commemorate that glorious day in France , under a " constitutional government "—France , which has had her two great revolutions of 1780 and 1 S 30 . Last year the French Government prohibited , not merely certain Poles residing near Paris from going there on the 29 th of November , where the anniversary was to be celebrated , but the Government also expressly interdicted , through tho intervention of the police , every Frenchman from speaking at this commemoration . Will it , can it be believed , that though no article of the French laws , not even those of "

      September , " forbid Frenchmen speaking on such occasion ? , and though the public meeting for the celebration of the anniversary was permitted by the French authorities , not on * Frenchman dared to express his sentiments in favour of hapless Poland ? Ths police interdict gagged them . No Frenchman spoke ; no Frenchman dared to speak on the occasion ; and ' Wllttt occurred last year I confidently predict will be repeated this year . What can we , as Englishmen , think of our neighbours across the Channel ? Yet France is "free , " and frenchmen arc "free , " even When they Submit to these tiling . ' :, IF they can only chatter and swagger about " Perfida Albion , " and the glory of " La belle France . " Of course , in these allusions , in these well-merited strictures , I restrict myself to the mere tools of the eaistfan Government , There are good men . in all

      countries ; hut there are , unfortunately , also , every , where too many swaggering fools and specious heartless knaves , and these are the tools which tyrants use to achieve and perpetuate theirinfamous and diabolical designs against the rights and liberties of mankind . I think you and your readers , sir , will agree with me , that if we Englishmen , in the nineteenth century , after eighteen centuries have elapsed since Chirst proclaimed the . principle of liberty , equality , and fraternity—if we Englishmen were thus ignominiously circumstanced , we should blush to boast either of our "freedom" or of our . " country ; " we should groan beneath our yoke , and proclaim , in the face of Heaven , our degradation and debasement , and our determination to speedily emancipate ourselves from our thraldom . —I am , sir , your obedient servant , John Buri .. —October 50 th ,

      1845 . The Land and its Pboduce , —As an admirer of the Chartist Co-operative Land Flan I beg , through your columns , to submit to the public a statement of what the land will produce when properly cultivated , I rent eight roods , that is about the sixteenth part of an acre , which I work myself , this duds me employment in summer from four o ' clock inthe morning until eight ( the other portion of the day being devoted to my business as a manufacturing cutler ) . For this land I pay £ 1 per annum , and spend about 3 s . more in the purchase of manure . I have cultivated the same plot of ground for the last seven years , and have now on it two dozen of black , white , and red currant trees , two dozen of gooseberry trees , and four score of raspberry trees , planted in hedge-rows . My crop for the present year

      is as follows : —500 head of coleworts , 100 head of sugar loaf cabbages , 4 score of gos lettuce , 3 score of cabbage lettuce , 0 bushels of spring and winter spinach ; I have already gathered as many peas as measured ¦ when shelled 38 quarts , and have as many remaining on the ground as will more than suffice for seed for the next year , 3 score of cauliflowers , ¦* score of purple brocoli , 27 bundles of spring onions , 4 bushels of winter onions , 6 bundles of rhubarb , Gib . of Italian shalots , 6 pecks of ash leaf kidney potatoes , 52 quarts of gooseberries , 23 quarts of currants , 37 quarts of raspberries , 6 pecks of turnips , 7 bushels of scarlet beans , 3 dozen of vegitablo marrow Jerusalem artichokes , 2 score of Scotch kale , 1 score of savoys , 200 head of celery , and a plentiful supply of fine curley parsley , My mode of culture is as follows : —I plant my sugar loaf cabbages

      10 inches apart and a foot iu the alleys ; in February I pluck every other row which leaves 20 inches , this mode produces a fine cabbage for table . My spring spinach I sow in the dwarf pea alleys which are 2 feet t inches apart ; my large Russia marrowfats I sow 2 feet 8 inches apart , the haum of these grow upwards of 10 feet high , and invariably produce . tw » crops ; I make it a rule to chop up ' my old raspberry canes and cabbage stumps very short , and dig them in , and find it helps the manure ; . 1 also plant as much celery as I require early , changing its locality every season , thus my ground gets well trenched aU over j this in a great measure accounts for its being so exceedingly prolific . I shall be most happy to exhibit my little plot of land to any friend who may think it worth his while to in . spect it , upon receiving a short notice of his intended visit . Most heartily wishing that every success may attend the land project , —I beg to subscribe myself

      your fellow labourer , and a Sheffield cutler , Geoboe Kiohaedson , I , " High-street , Kensington , IMRPOTANT to Mebcha . nt Seamen , —The following notice , which is of very considerable importance to owners and masters of vessels and all persons more or less connected with the mercantile and shi pping' trade of the country , has been posted in conspicuous places at the Custom-house and the several dock establishments in London ; and copies of the same have been transmitted , by directions of the commissioners , to the principal officers of the revenue at the several ports and other places along the coasts ofthe United King , dom , for the information and future government of themselves and thoseTinder their jurisdiction , and all other parties concerned : — "By'the Commissioners for managing and causing to be levied and collected Her Majesty ' s Customs and other Duties , —Notice is hereby given , that the restrictions

      of an act of Parliament , passed in the Sth and 9 th years ofthe reign of her prosentilajesty Queen Victoria , entitled 'An Act for the Protection of Seamen entering on BoardMerchant-ships , ' will come into operation on the 1 st day of November next , and that from and after that day no person , except the owner , part owner , master , or person in charge of a merchant ' s ship , or the ship ' s husband , will he at liberty to hire , engage , supply , or provide seamen to he entered on hoard merchant ' s . ship ? , without ft license first obtained from the Lords of the Committee of Her Majesty ' s Privy Council , appointed for the management of trade and plantations ; and further , that application for such licenses must be made * by letter , addressed to The Lords of the Committee of Privy Council for TndP UtCl rdcr

      ; I- ^ l ° M 0 ?/ By ° ofthe Commissioners ! ( Signed ) C . Scovell , secretary . Cus tom-house , London Octoher 2 D 184 D" This important enactment hasTr its object the protection of a very numerous and useful body of persons , who are proverbiall y notorious for their improvidence and carelessness with respect to affairs in winch most persons more orlessAt 3-. it prudent or necessary to be careful , viz ., the pres ^ a turn of themselves from the impositions of fraudul 4 ha I ' S r ^ l 0 ndUCt 6 d * erSOns > «»* *<« - « * wM h h 2 T , V thankf « lM 88 and satisfaction icon \ Ta T ? de 5 er : Tnfl 3 Ct direc * ^ *> pmon , not dul y licensed orinterested in the ships , all be concerned inprocuring seamen to . be enteredin h n Zfl n " - ' -, Tha n P ^ oninterested inthe Win Shall knowingl y receive seamen hired contrary to

      Frost, Williams, And Jones.—In A Latter,...

      the provisions of this act . A penalty of £ 20 , 01 inflicted in each case of and infringement of tho provisions of the act . Unlicensed persons are ' ' *' " be employed for the purpose ofengaging seamen 1 ' any licensed person knowingly employing an , ' *" ' person for the purpose stated will-forfeit a sum of T % and , in addition thereto , forfeit and lose his lie * ' No owner , part owner , master or person in chars ' "' any merchant-ship or ship ' s husband , is to pay 0 f f vance , nor give any note in writing or othe wise in the nature of , and purporting t 0 /* an advance-note for any part of the n any seamen hired , & c on board a certain ship „ ' ' . ! six hours after the ship ' s articles have been ' signed by the said seaman , and also by the master n owner of the ship , and then only to the sata seama himself , unless such wages or advance of wages Da * ha nvAvtoianfl thin _ . , - . ~ ~ " ^ $

      ^ in money , in which case the payment fhereefDiaVt ! made to theseaman himself at any period most en venient after the signing ofthe ship ' s articles ; » na payments of wages contrary to the provisions of the act will be null and void , and the amount thereof reeov able by the seaman as if they had not been paid or advanced at all . Any person demanding orregeiyj .,., from any seaman , or from any person other than those authorized , requiring seaman , any remuneration what , ever either directly or indirectly , for . or on account of the hiring , & c , any such seaman , will forfeit for every such offence a sum not exceeding £ 5 , Persons are not to be admitted on board merchant-vessels before their arrival in dock or at the place of discharge , without the permission and consent of the master or person in charge of the vessel . A penalty of £ 20 will be inflicted for an infringement of this matter ; and for the better

      securing the persop of such onender , the master or person in charge of the vessel is authorized and em . powered to take any person so offending into custody and to deliver him up forthwith to any constable or peace-officer , to be by him taken before a magistrate and dealt with according to law . If any person on board any merchant-ship , within twenty-four hours of her arrival at any port , solicit any seaman to become a lodger at the house of any person not properly licensed , and letting lodgings forhire , and shall remove from the ship any chest , bedding , or othereftects of any seaman , except under the personal direction of such seaman , and without having the permission of the master or person in charge of the ship , he shall be liable to forfeit and pay for each offence ofthe kind the sum of £ 5 , The last , of any immediate importance , is , that if any person shall demand andreceire of and from any seaman

      payment iu respect of his board and lodging m the house of such person for a longer period than such seaman shall have actually resided or boarded therein , ovsluvll receive or talic into his possession ov under his control any monies , documents , or clVects of any seaman , and shall not return the same oi' fay the value thereof when required to do so by the seaman , after deducting therefrom what is justly due and owing on his part , he shall forfeit and pay a sum not exceeding £ 10 over and above the amount or vaiau of sutsh monies , documents , or effect ? , after such dedr . etiims as aforesaid , which shall be adjudged to be paid to tho seaman so defrauded . Mb , J . Sweet , Nottingham , acknowledges the receipt of 2 s . for the Executive , from Houston , Notts , The Dundee Piuss and the Dundee Minr-ocRATs . — To the editor of the Northern Star . —My . Editor , —The

      regard you testify for the working classes , whose pliysi . cal and moral condition you are constantly endeavouring to ameliorate , is one of those rare and glorious exeen . rions which renders still more conspicuous the baseness of the press in general . There is , sir , in Dundee , m > less than three newspapers , one of them published twite a . week ; not one of them has the straightforwardness : o expose the villany practised by some of the n-. illmviicrs here . At the Hillbank works , one of the iai'jMSt esta . blishments of flax spinning in this quarter , it lias been the practice for a long time past , notwithstanding the 1 'actovy Act , to keep the hands working a long time beyond what the Act allows . For this violation of the law Mr . lilackic was lined the sum of £ 10 . But , sir , not one word of this appeared in the local newspapers . True , the editors reported a similar case that happened about Peterhead , but Peterhead bcinj ; $ ueh a distance

      from Dundee , the master of n woollen factory there could not be HUcly to say to a Dundee editor , " Come , Mr . Editor , you and I must spend this evening together , over a bottle of wine . You , I trust , will keep tiiis unpleasant affair of mine out of your paper . " There is another totai violation of principle committed by a ( lax spinning company here , that has been left unnoticed by the Dundee editors , A rise of wages has beet ! obtained by the spinners in a number of works . Those employed by Daxter and Druthers refused to work , unless they had a like rise . "What think you , sir , vvus the consequence ? Six j , r ' rIs ; varying ; in ago from 15 to 20 years , wore , without even the form of trial , treated as felons , without a friend being permitted to visit them . The Messrs . Baxters ' pretend to be very religious . If there is a meeting or lecture for missionary purposes , Mr . Edward Baxter is there presiding and his name stands

      high in tho list of subscribers . If - \ fr . Edward Baxter is a light of religion , — 'Tis such a light as putrefaction breeds , In fly-blown flesh whereon the maggot feeds ; Shines in the dark—but n heu usher'd into day , The £ to \ cl \ vcmidws , the lustuve dies away . Mit , Roberts and the disappointed faction tvho coidd not turn the distress occusioiied by the late strike of the Colliers of the north to their own especial benefit . ^—We have received many angry denunciations of the honest working Colliers in answer to the foul and malicious attacks levelled at Mr . Roberts , whom they yet call their great legal adviser and protector , in answer to an anonymous piece of slander published in Lloyd ' s paper last month . TUe following notice of . Mr . Martin Jude , however , who was more conversant with the facts of the case and with the feelings and opinions ofthe Colliers themselves , and

      which we copy from Lloyd's paper of last Saturday ,, we substitute for the cream of the many other communications we have received—all hreathing honourable vengeance against the Durham Chronicle , and the factious , and disappointed would-be leaders of the Miners . Mr . Jude says— " Sir , —Being a constant reader of your excellent Journal , I was surprised to find , in last week ' s paper , a statement headed "Lawyers and Strikes , " in which was set forth the amount of money paid to Jlr . Roberts by the Miners of the Tyne and Wear , and the county of Lancashire . Uow , sir , as treasurer to the Miners' Association , lam enabled , and I feel it my duty , to contradict the statement as set forth in your Journal , and I beg to state that the amount conditioned for , and the amount paid Mr . Roberts by me , for the Miners of the Tyne and Wear , was £ 500 for twelve months' salary ; £ 800 for removal of establishment from Bath to New .

      castle ; and his bill of expenses for the twelve months was only £ 750 , making the total paid by the Miners of the Tyne and Wear , £ 1 , 750 , and not £ " } . 5 " 0 , as was erroneously stated by your informant . Again , with regard to the Lancashire Miners : he did not receive £ 1 , 800 for a half year , but only £ 367 for a year : thus making a difference of ( according to ratio of your correspondent ) £ 3 , 283 . What monstrous false statements some people send to newspapers . —Martin Jose ( Kewcastle-upon-Tyne ) . "—Could there be a more creditable refutation of the ravings of the bitterest enemies of Mr . . Roberts and the Miners ' . At all times , and especially at the preseat , Mr . Ro berts' character is of importance to the working classes , and , therefore , we notice the matter here ia compliance with the request of numbers of them , and the more especially , lbecause , as a professional man , Mr . Roberts , by the custom of his profession , is precluded

      from publicly noticmgthem himself . We know betterfhan any other person living what Mr . Roberts endured from a strike into which the folly of others precipitated the Miners ; and we mention without his knowledge or CODsent the following fact : —That Mr . Roberts waited upon us in London in the heat of the strike , and proposed to raise £ 1000 on las own security for the support of the men . We told Mr . Roberts candidly that if he did 60 it WOUld paraly & e the subscriptions then on foot ; it would give a handle to his enemies , and the enemies of the men , and though last , not least , that he must be prepared to give it as he never would see a fraction of it again . Our last reason had no great weight with Mr-Roberts , while the advice of one of the best friends that ever the Colliers had so far accorded with our own upon the two other points that he was very reluctantly dissuaded from the undertaking . Although it is no part of

      our province to give any opinion upon the transactions between solicitor and client , we do volunteer to asser t that the amounts stated by Mr . Jude as having been paid to Mr . Roberts were insignificant , wholly insignificant , as compared with the labour he performed . We wish some of our protective friends would just give us a call and look over our attorney ' s bills of costs , and perhaps when they found that the insertion of about forty lines in the Northern Star , which we had never seen , cost us £ 360 without going to trial at all , they would then understand how much costs go to swarms of idlers stand , mo : between the Crown and the solicitor . The cowardly poltroons who thus assail an honourable gentleman , and a useful public servant , are fully aware that the custom of Mr . Roberts ' s profession , as well as the endless controversy into which notice of such fabrications

      wouiaiead him , closes his lips , and renders HimpossiWe for him to notice such assaults . We conclude by tendering our hearty thanks to Mr . Jude for his gentlemanly , his timely , and satisfactory refutation of the anonymous slanderer , and the more especially as we have reason to know that the meanest endeavours have been resorted to to win Mr . Jude to forward the purposes of Mr , Roberts ' s enemies . Sterling virtue , and especiallvto the absent , is a very rare quality , and cannot be too * highly appreciated when exercised , as in the ease of Mr . Jude . When have the working classes had a friend whom fae . turn would not destroy . We rejoice to think , however , that the nails of faction have been pared bv the sharpened intellect of an improving people . to ° u 80 'CoNN <> 1 * . Deputy Treasurer , in account with x V ? ob . erts » Treasurer of the Chartist Co-operative Land Society , from August 30 th to October 25 th , inclusive

      : — Dr ., as per acknwled gment in the Northern Star . £ s . d . £ . < i . d . Sept . 6 , Cash 144 7 7 13 , " 112 11 2 20 , " 133 17 11 „ 27 , » 76 19 0 Oct . 4 , «« 37 n 8 11 . " 60 19 1 18 , « 105 3 7 25 , « 82 1 2 oash received from Secretary 77 10 0 £ 891 j ""? £ 891 ~ 4 2 O Or . Paid on account of Treasurer , Xov . 1 , 891 * 2

      1 . 1 . ^ ExP < m ? es , 00 o Balance O 0 0 ll Deputy Treasurer begs to announce to the shareholders that he is not rich enough to make up deficiences occasioned b y the irregularity of District secretaries ; and that while he lias lodged the whole amount on the first day of the month , in order that the Soeicty niay be entitled to a month ' s interest , he has now in his possession French drafts upon London Bankers , and Postofaice orders irregularly transmitted , for which he cannot procure ' cash ; vriuie 11 occupied the greater portion of three days in running from one Post-office to the other , to get the orders cashed , being made payable at the Strand , Charing-cross , London , Old Cavendishstreet , Oxford-street , and riccabilly , when nil the trouble might have been spared by making tne tedevs payable at the Post-office , Charhg . cross . When ont person undertakes the gratuitous performance of labour for thousands , it is but rie , t and just that that labour should he made as light > s possible , The above account does not include monies p . j u by tne General Sec retary since the 25 th of October , v which

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Nov. 8, 1845, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_08111845/page/4/