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Northern Star (1837-1852), 7th August 1852, Edition 2 of 2, Page 4, POLITICS AT THE DOWN iWl71, uooo C0 „7 N...

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    • THE STAB OF FREEDOM SATUKOAF, AUGUST 7, 1852.
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      • The Star Of Freedom . ¦ ¦ ¦¦¦¦ ¦ __ Au...

      • THE STAR OF FREEDOM . ¦ ¦ ¦¦¦¦ ¦ __ Auattst 7 Tnin

      Letters For Working Men. No. Xvi.— Emigr...

      LETTERS FOR WORKING MEN . No . XVI . — Emigration . TO THE EDITOR OF TO STAB OF FREEDOM Sir . — I find the following in your paper of last Saturday : — _ KWd . batth . ir spirit ( the spirit of tliose whom > Nelson coni-™ S who rivalled facl . other -n « self-sacrifice' for the *»;«* E ^ te rf 0 3 Englandl-wou'd tint their * pU , t of self-sacnfice . * dlS 10 Cntj . animated the mass of the exisung generation of Engli-I'inen . s c The pwamomt duty is before all to strugg le for the obtainment of their political freedom . s 4 of

      Tow ^ r . ra te theDeniorratic causae- foundat a MnXoreanis ^ on . pure and powerful , it is requiMte that all & o * e " hJ ^ sort in union should b « animate . ! by the unalterable resolution to alhm no tolerance to falsehood in any shnpe or lorra , or under any pretext whatever ; ' that they cultivate anions tlii-m a tpint of rhi .-Jry ff >'"* shall weld them tosether as tm . tlu-rs of one sacred ha > d , bound to stan 4 by each other to the death . ° * An , i that they act trader tne inspirit ! n of an Apostvslic sense of duty , -which - ball tear no psril an 1 siiri : ik from no tuil . N < bW words these , Sir , and most thoroughly I as sent to them . But what is the meaning alongside of them cf your editorial ' Let's Emigrate ?'

      la" n ' » t onft of those who make light of the sufferings of the working classes . When whole families of hard working men must su ^ s-st upon four shillings and sixpence a week in ' Merry Carlisle , '—when even thi-se are not the worst off of the slaves of Free Trade , the Anarch , —one must indeed be callous , if one could ho so unjust as to blame theso sufferers because they cannot grow upon four shillings and axpt-nce a week to the full dignity of Martyrdom . I know what men suffer ; 1 know how thnt suffering must deteriorate the best among thi-m ; I cannot find it in my heart to blame , to speak harshly of him who lie s 'Uch debasement . Bat I do not the less see that fli g ht is a debasement ; I will not , therefore .

      pret nd that duty can he made to ' ha monise' with desertion . I leave such quibbles to the sophist?—a racf , I am sorry to a iy , very much increasing anion * us , and including some whom we ha < l looked t <> for hone ^ ter guidance . Wh « t . Sir ! has the duty of selfsacrifiVp to do with the ' splendid chance' of forming a de erters * republic in Australia . ? What has the spirit , of self-sacrifice for the safety and welfare of Old Eng ' and in common with the spirit that would seek * room , plenty , and leisure , ' at the greatest possible distance from Old England ? When men faint upon a long march , I do not blame them ; when the weary lie down to die in their despair , I pity them ; when -Hrell-intfntioned cowards run away , or men once

      brave but now panic-stricken slip out of tlie ranks , I am sorry for them too , and some pity mingles with the condemn ition which justice has for all shortcomings ;—but I will not talk of such men as worth y to wear tho beautiful garlands of fraternity , nor attempt to justify their short-comings , their failings with any bewildered jargon of how much better it is to run away than to bend * the divinity within us at the shrine of our four-fold tyranny . ' Understand that I do not blame the intention of organising together those who have left or who are about to leave

      England . Let us part at least kindly wi h those wh « will not , or often ( it may he ) cannot , stay with us to the last ; let us even help them to where they may have ' room , plenty , and leisure ; ' and if we can make men to whose ignorance or weakness these thin s are more important than the duty of devotion , if we can make such men apostles of progress even at the easiest end of the world , Jet us by all rreans do so . But let ns be careful that our words aud works be not mistaken . Let no man think that we fake emi' p'ant to be synonymous with hero , or self-seeker , even und-r the most extenuating circumstances , to have the same meaning as martyr . And do not

      think that it is only yonr article which induces me to say this . Your article does but indirectly remind mo ( for I give you credit for higher wishes in your teaching ) of the necessity of protesting against tbe sophisms with which men are misled upon this subject , —when M C * ' et organises desertion—when M . Blanc would persuade us that duty is only the harmonising of self-love and social—when Mr . Holyoake can find nothing in duty except a sense of interest , and when a prominent writer in yonr own paper would justify selfishness as a true principle of human nature . It is not because of some acts , but much teaching , that I feel called nponto protest . Once protesting before , I

      was reminded of the Puritans fleeing into America . The Puritans , I reply , were not patriots in their flight . They vindicated an individual right . They cared for individual conscience . It was no question . of patriotism . When tbe question of patriotism came before them , they went not to America to solve it . Thev f < -ught it out upon English soil . ' Again , I say , while the question is one only of a man ' s interest ( i f you can so narrow it , ) or only of a man ' s personal rights , he may decide it to his liking . It it is for him to choose Australia , Patagonia , or Nauvoo . But when the question is one of duty ( of oonrse referring only to those who have duties ) an honest man will

      decide not at all upon selfish or personal grounds , but upon patriotic or human tarian . I suppose he mi ght reason thus with himself : — 'J am an Englishman , to whom heroic fathers have bequeathed a special interest in this England , binding me to care that it be rid of Tyrants , cleansed of wrong and misery , and made fit for a dwelling-place and home of divinest Freedom . Dare I leave it to the wolves ? Dare I leave unclean things to foul the tombs of my sires ? Dare I betray the trust reposed in me ? Dare I

      desert the station on which I am placed ? How would my fathers have acted here ? True , to remain here will c > st me my life—far more than life . What then ? Wha » has that to do with duty ? Life , and room for life , and plenty and leisure , and splendidest chances in the exremities of the world , —these are not duty . These have nothing to do with duty . I have a duty or I have not . If I have , let me not ask the cost ; let me not desert , be it ever so costly . If I have no duty—well , it is perhaps fitting that such an one should seek companions in ' the gold diggings . '

      "With our Hudsons at the top , and our gold-seekers at bottom , with our orthodox priests of mammon and reforming atheistical deifiers of interest , metbinks tho whole horde of us might as well pack up for the penal settlements , and leave the graves of the worthies of Old England unsoiled by the disgrace of 'Englishmen . ' Oh it is sad . to see the bone and sinew passing into the far land , and our home and ancient hearthstones desolate ; but sadder far to know that English hearts

      are yearning not so much for freedom and their country ' s glory , as to make a refuge for their cowardice , out of hearing of the echoes of the prophecies of England ' s youth . Oh ! thou blind Milton , life devoted Hampden , unflinching Elliot , and stern enduring , conquering Cromwell—have those for whom your examples were given—have your countrymen and children no hope but to organise an emigration to Australia ?

      Whosayatheieisnohope ? There is hope . But tha faith that upholds hope ? Where ? Spautaccs .

      Tbe Origin And Properties Of The "Cap Of...

      TBE ORIGIN AND PROPERTIES OF THE "CAP OF LIBERTY . " The ancient Romans generally went with their "heads i . ' <* covered them with the corners of their toga or ? 4 j *? * - * vitl S a bald head » covered it with laurels . Indeed the ancient ? , when either old or infirm , induced themselves with weanug a cap . As age was then honourable , so caps became marksofhonour ;» 9 n 0 ne could then be deemed honourable who were not free , the cap , by degee * became the btdge of freedom ; and when a slave ? % ' ut « d to wear in public . common ' £ &? * of Kbert * is < lu 5 te «™» Pta w ^ s form , iS prefiSthl , f'If ' b 0 tt 0 ID ' endin S Iike a cone ' hZffiy ? r < * 8 tl « ° n th 0 broad basis of ?^ " *' ? . run ?» P to a pyramid , the -rnhplm of

      CteruilJ , IO snow it OUSllt to lash for o ^ . » T * l - — , r Liberty is . ia itself , th ! £ SKfc ^ JJt" j ^ ' n hath no g Ided trapping ., which butCf 55 S £ livery of despotism It is made of wool , to si ^ ify TitLitrSfa the birthright of the shepherd as well rj of the Sor * and that although shepherds may lawfully sWrtbesheeo tney protect , th-y ought not to skin them , tEThetaJS gja . entofftobnte . Lastly , the Cnpof Sftvis whitish , tfca native colour of the woolnndyed . ThVd £ aonitntn that it should be natural without dental gloss , unspotted by faction and unstained by tyranny

      J>Utvt» M * B "° Te <**1 Constantinople ...

      J > UtVT » * " ° Te <** 1 Constantinople on the FetimLn ^ t 1 COmmot , 0 n 3 which liaTe broken out in 5 ^ ErtK * ri . of theisIand , of *»^ fiftK M ^ ItoJs of ftiB * ^ ° ? Ceired ' bat h ap P ears t , ie tteChrirf ? , ™ Z hare beiiaTed infamously towards verno 5 r ^ nX « | lte ' ; 2 f aU the effons of th ^ civil go-S Thrte ¦ * 'ftSW * Pre » iiM of mind and hu-* be L £ whlM i ]? , land . 0 PP <* e themselves to tbesame 'S j ^ . P ^ a ! 1 !? bj . cts of the Saltan on with-1 . b 1 ? S , i- > tlDg- Jt , s 8 aid tni * a "earner general of wff » f „ I ^ antr * ? nder ** command of a the msurre « tiTO b . aant , tiS r 0 ceedln . tnat di « ction , in case um not o « n entirely suppressed .

      Ad00413

      GOLD ! GOX . S 2 GOLD ! NATIONAL GIFT EMIGRATION SOCIETY . TO AUSTRALIA , OR ANY OTHER PART OF THE WORLD . ' Many can help one , where one cannot help many . ' Office , 13 , Tottenham court ( thirteen doors from Tottenham-court . road ) . Xew-road , St . Pancras , London . The late jjpM discoveries in Australia , and the graat want of labour experienced in both the a-ricultural and commercial dit . tricis consequent on that fact , calling loudly for an extension of the means of e ! i iSration , it is proposed that a number of working men should associate together , and by the gifts of ONE RHILLIMQ EACH , A cei tain number should ba enabled without expense to themselves

      Ad00414

      MATRIMONIAL ALLIANCE ASSOCIATION . Lfgallv Established 1849 . Ilead Office . London , Lincoln's Inn Field Chambers , and 2 , Ports , mouth street . Lincoln's Inn Fields . —Branch Offices , Liverpool , Manchester , B-istol , York , and Aberdeen . Confidential Referee R . Warwick , Esq . M ATRIMONIAL ALLIANCE ASSOCIATION , conducted on the system as so successfully adopted on the Continent , lcsallv established as a medium for the introduction of both srxes unknown to each other , who are desirous of entering into matrimony , ai ' d who may rely on strict honour and secrecy . Xone hut respectable parties negotiated with . Applicant 1 : may si-rn hy initial or otherwise . Full particulars , with printed f . rms of application , lists of agents , and instructions , sent free , on receipt of six post stamps by IIcco Bebesfoed , Esq ., Secretary . Registrar ' s Offices , Lincoln ' s Inn Field Chambers , and 2 , Portamouth-street , Liwcoln's Inn Fields , London . Xote . —Commnnications from tbe continent aud ah . oad promptly answered . Unpaid letters refused .

      2to ©Orresjjonnmts

      2 To © orresjjonnmts

      I^R - All Communications For The Editor ...

      i ^ r - All communications for the Editor must be addressed to So , 4 , Brunswiek-rotv , Qaeen ' s-sqiwe , liloomsbury , Louden . Oldham —John Malencli ' an Oldlinm Charti-t' wiitesthat' Mr . P ox was not tlintivn out o ' " the representation .-f Oldham in consequence of his conduct in Parliament , hut by an unprincipled coalition of' sham Ra-ticits and Tories . " and the intimidation of organised bands , engaged hy the man who employed the notorious Gifford , and paid with g . Vd , but not from Califorti ia or Australia , but from the vale of Todmorden . ' In direct oppusition tn the above , we received , just as we were poinj 11 press , a letter signed ' Thomas H l '< yand , ' which , at the reques-. of the writer , we wou'd have piven in fuU , but for its lenjiih . and tliat it is written on both sides of tlie paper . The pur « rt nf the letter is . that the factory workers , far from repardinj ; Mr . Fox as a supporter of the Ten Hours" Bill , ' are whol y against him f . r his impliedly , and for having been a tool and a cat = p : iw to the . nctorious John Bright . ' Mr . H quotes several anti-pnpn ' ar votes , giTen bv Mr . Fox in Parliament , and adds : — ' We could hwe wished tih-ive been able to return such a man

      as Mr . Newton , whom you recomm nd to our notice , but the influence of bwh the iron-mnstt-rs and Whig cotton-lords is so pi >* -orful . that we should not have a shadow of a chance of returning him , as they s ? rai determined to have their pet tool , Fox . and no other , in spite of all opposition that can be mustere . a-j ainst them , ' ¦ Walter Sacndersos , Gallishicls . —Tour valuable suggestions are u > der consideration . G . J . HotroAKE , Received . John Absott is requested to call upon Mr . G . J . Holyoake . G . F . CBAiiiiEHLALv , Vonrich , in reference to certain remarks in a recent letter nf'L'Ami dul'ouple ' on the conduct of the people in the late General Election , urges that the working classes of Iforwifh . did their duty byoverthrowms the Tories , and—in spite of corrup'ion—securing ihe return of Messrs . ? eto and Warner . We hare not room for G . F . C , ' s letter in full T Silvester . Hanley , —Received . No ro m . J . Mo . 's , Darlington . —We regret we could not make use of your letter .

      Monies Received rhi the Refugees . —C Seagrave , Farnham , Is lid . b rJS * The first quarterly meeting of the Democratic Refugee Committee will be held on Monday evening next . August 9 th , at eight o ' clock , at the Institution , John-street , Fitzroy-square .

      The Stab Of Freedom Satukoaf, August 7, 1852.

      THE STAB OF FREEDOM SATUKOAF , AUGUST 7 , 1852 .

      Outrages On Women. When We Read Of The S...

      OUTRAGES ON WOMEN . When we read of the savage Indian imposing upon his partner of the weaker sex that toil and drudgery which should properly be performed by the male sex , we congratulate ourselves that in England women have outgrown that state oi vassalage . When we hear of the Turk confining his wife , or wives , to the jealously guarded seclusion of the Harem , we take credit to ourselves for the nobler estimate and

      worthier treatment accorded to women in this country . When we peruse the harrowing record of Hindoo barbarism , as exhibited in the burning alive of the widow with the inanimate bod y of her deceased husband , we sicken at the disgusting folly of Priescraft ' s Slaves . Like the Pharisee in the Temple , we thank God we are not like unto others ! Here Woman ' s true position is universally acknowledged ; the protector of oar infancy , the guardian o f our childhood , the idol of our youth , the cherished partner of our manhood , the solacing friend of our old age ; our joy in health , our comfort in affliction ; the beneficieut guardian of our footsteps from the cradle to the death-bed ; the artist ' s ideal , the poet's inspiration ; the cmliser of our ragged nature ; the pride aud boast of our native land !

      Viiin vaunting ! with which we strive to cheat ourselves and impose upon the world . The occupied factory and the deserted home ; the thronging troops of prostitutes in our streets ; the brutal outrages to which women are habitually subjected by their ignorant , drunken , and ruffianly husbands ; and the still more atrocious crimes of which females are the victims , testify that even in England Woman is not yet freed and secured from vassalage , degradation , suffering , and cruel wrong .

      The assize and police reports continuall y teem with accounts of the most savage assaults and the most horrible atrocities committed upon women ; and these classes of offences seem to be rapidly increasing . It cannot be concealed that England ' s Christian (!) and civilised (!) population includes a mass of wretches , high aud low , compared with whom tatooed savages are gentlemen . We have been led to make these remarks in consequence of perusing a horrible story which appeared in a portion of our impression of last Saturday , and whicb our country readers will find in this week ' s paper . On the 2 nd ult Mrs . Charlotte Alien , a woman' well known and respected' in the village of Hucknall—Torkard , —celebrated as being the burial place of tbe great poet , By RON , —committed suicide under very distressing circumstances . ' For some

      time she had been suffering in health and spirits , and had on more than one occasion been heard to exclaim , that * She had more trouble upon her mind than she could bear , aud that she should some day or other make away with herself . ' Passing over some particulars we come to the cause of her trouble as communicated by her to a witness . She was atNottinsham the Monday before last Easter , and went to Radfoid station to come home by the trainbut was too lateShe

      , . wint back to Xoitingriam , intending te get home bv the carrier , but was too late for him a l so , n consequence of which she started to walk . On reaching the CnKsJane-Mids tiree men stopped her , and after rifling her pockets one of them threw her down , and , in * p ite 0 hjrresisiauce , succeeded in violating her person . The deceased ended Her story by statmgth t she had » , ad I certain disease Tver since . Grundyadvisedherto tell her husband , but Mrs . Allen de cla : edjhat she dared not . She cried bitterly aid appeared 0 be in

      Not daring to tellher husband the cause of the bitter misery ; rejecting medical aid , which she shrunk from soliciting in person ; what remained for her but to die ? The grave was her only refuge , through death alone could she hope to find relief . Accordingly on the day above mentioned she was found lying dead in a pool of blood , having half Bevered her head from her body with a razor . Of course there was a formal inquiry , and the jury found a verdict 'That the deceased had cut her own throat , being at the same time in an unsound state of mind . ' To our thinking-supposing this unhappy woman's story to be absolutel y correct-this end of Charlotte

      Outrages On Women. When We Read Of The S...

      Allen is about tho most painful tragedy we ever heard of . Had the scoundrels by whom she was so atrociously outraged simply robbed and murdered her , their crime would have been not nearly so infernal . Had they even concluded their atrocity by slaying her upon the spot , there would have been a dash of mercy in their villany . Reader , imagine , if y ° u can » tne intolerable anguish of this unhappy b eing—how very a hell this lif e must have been to her during days and weeks ere despair gave her resolution to reach the solace of the tomb by tho terrible means of selfretribution for

      slaughter ! And shall there be no such suffering ? Shall no adequate punishment light upon this woman ' s murder ers—for blackest of murderers they were ? Is Justice asleep ; or do hei ^ representatives imag ine that the ' crownrr ' s quest verdict has sufficiently disposed of this matter ? In that county of Nottingham certain justices of the peace , certain game-preserving feudal aristocrats , hunt for poachers as a Cuban p lanter hunts for runaway slaves , by unloosing bloodhounds on their sceut —cannot these swift-footed ministers of vengeance

      trace out the wretches by whom Chaklotte Allen has been driven to hide her terrible sorrows in the grave ? To allow such criminals to escape the pun ishment demanded bv their crimes is to outrage Humanity , and brand upon tho Nation ' s forehead tho stigma of ineffaceable guilt and shame . Last Monday at , one of the Metropolitan Police Offices , George Todd and Alfred Weston , ' two ruffianly looking fellows , ' were charged along with four or five similar ruffians , who unfortunately effected their escape , with h avipg assaulted three young women , with intent , & c , in Victoria Park , on Monday morning . One of the young women was suddenly surrounded by six or seven men ;—we must quote the remainder of her evidence : —

      Tortd seized her , and exerted all his force to throw her to the ground , but she nruguled with them and screamed loudly tor assistance , upon which he dealt her » ucli a violent blow 111 the tace no 10 knock out one of hfr te . th . and , having at length forced her to tne ground , pulled up her clothes and flung them over her l : eaa . 1 wo of the men in succession , though which she could "ot tell , then attetnp ed to commit what was until- lately a cap ital oflence . hut Dy violent struugling she succeeded in resisting them . - and having got her clothes from over her face > he found Told and West . m clo « e to

      her . the latter of whom was grasping l . er tightly hy one of jior hands tn prevent her helping herself . The others then held her wlitie Weston endeavoured to perpetrate the same offence , but one ot nor female friends entreated the men to desist fi-mn their brutality as the witness was in the family way , and the whole of the gang then left her and con menced an attack of a similar infamous nature upon one of the other young women , and the witness , upon being released , ran shrieking away f r the assistance of the police , one nf whom -Jiort / y after came up , and the whole <> f the men then lied in different directions , all of them escaping with the exception of the

      two prisoners . This evidence was confirmed by witnesses—two youths who happened to be at hand and witnessed the outrages . The prisoners were remanded . It would be a mere waste of words to comment on this case . The heart of every man , worthy o f the name , must swell with indignation at the thought of tho unmanly and beastly conduct of these ruffians . This evil is increasing . It is utterly unsafe for any decent woman to travel high-road or by-road in the country , and there is equal danger in the outskirts of even the largest towns . It is palpable that for scoundrels of the Todd and Weston stamp the law

      has lost its terrors . The punishment of mere imprisonment is mocked at , and to be transported has come to be regarded as a rather pleasant and decidedly cheap mode of conveyance to ' the digg ings . It follows that the law is powerless to protect women from these prowling vampires . Bad ) being the case either women must , f or safety ' s sake , confine themselves to their homes , or men , worthy of the name , must take this matter into their own hands . A terrible remedy—but even Lynch Law is preferable to no law at all , or to that law which affords no protection to the innocent , and strikes no terror to the hearts of the wicked .

      There may be some over-delicate persons who will object to the subject matter of this article being treated of in our editorial columns , and who may specially ibject to the evidence we have quoted as being ' ' unfit to meet the eye , & c . ' To such we answer that we have not chosen this subject as one to our liking ; it has been forced upon us by an imperative sense of duty . The moral rottenness we have denounced is a horrible leprosy , to tolerate which is to invite national destruction . To occupy space with such a subject is to us a painful and most disagreeable task ; but one that by our mission we are

      bound not to repudiate . All but the most loathsome and brutal wretches must concur with us , that the protection of the female portion of society from insult and outrage is an indispensable duty : and will unite with us in demanding that that duty be rigidly performed . If the Law is powerless to do justice upon such as Todd and Westorn , and upon the miscreants who drove Chaexotee Allen to despair and death , society—apart from its rulers and managers—must take the law into its own hands , and make law equal to the intolerable character of the evil , and the pressing necessity for a remedy .

      Co-Operation, And Its Conference. Our Re...

      CO-OPERATION , AND ITS CONFERENCE . Our readers may have heard of that American Editor who , being thoroughly disgusted with the notorious Gorham case , instead of treating his subscribers to a dissertation on tho subject , favoured them with the following epigramatic soliloquy in the column usually devoted to leading articles , — ' The Gorham case again , nothing but the Gorham case , Darn the Gorham case ! ' This somewhat expresses our feelings toward the recent elections , of which wo are sick and weary , and are glad to turn away from such a juggle to something real and earnest , and practical ,

      such as we can trace in tho present associative endeavour to release Labour from the murderous tyranny of Capital , and the terrible strife of illimitable Competition . However we may differ with the political views of the g entlemen who are the promoters of the present Co-operative movement , wo are irresistably compelled to pay tribute to their warmheartedness in stepping from their rank in society to do battle in the cause of trampled Labour and suffering Humanity , and the earnestness they have shown in still holding on with fearless faith and antirinff zeal under tho

      most unscrupulous attacks of a hireling Press . It is a grand sign to see men willing to sacrifice half their established reputation to think freel y , and cheerfully ready to sacrifice the other half to be allowed to speak what they think , and carry it out in action I And we are not unmindful of what these men have done and suffered for the Working Classes , in whose name we thank them ! It is owing to their labours that the Co-operative movement is progressing so successfully—and it is owing to them that it is ripe enough to have held its first Parliament ; the proceedings of which were reported in our lastnumber , It is owing to their exertions that we have some signs of life and healthy action amongst us . which is worth much , amid this fossilising stagnation ; almost any vitality being better than the cold darkness , aud

      rottenness of death ; and bettor , do wo deem one night spent iu earnest battle , than a month of prayer and waiting for deliverance . The Conference , of which we purpose saying a few words , was a true Labour Parliament , and a right good and noble one . If this was a fair sample of tho kind of Parliament which the Working Classes would return with Universal Suffrage , pray God it may occupy St . Stephen ' s speedily . One of the principal causes for calling this Co-operative Conference was the passing of the New Industrial and Provident Societies' Act , which to a large extent legalises Association . This was a matter of rejoicing for the friends of Co-opei atiou , and will doubtless tend to make the progress of the associative principle much more rapid than heretofore . Working Men can now associate under the protection of the law . No one can rob his fellow associates with

      impunity , nor can customers incur debts with the old chance of escaping from payment . The combinations of the Workers for the purposes of production and distribution , are now acknowledged , admitted within the court of judicature , and considered ' respectable . ' The want , of such a law hitherto has been felt to be a great obstacle in the way , as Working Men generally were not found willing to work together and trust each other merely on a bond of moral

      securitythey have been so often deceived , through the instances of violated trust iu the present Co-opera * . ive movement have been remarkabl y few , considering the opportunity . However , tliey can now co-operate without tlie fears they once had , and let them remember that all the Parliaments in the world cannot free them from hatred , suspicion , and distrust of one another , if they have ihrm . They must make a law unto themselves for that purpose . There is one clause in which the new Law falls short of the mea-Bure required . It is , that every member in association will be held responsible for all liabilities , instead of

      Co-Operation, And Its Conference. Our Re...

      each person having his limited share . But , though this may to some extent prevent Capitalists from risking their money and responsibility in associative undertakings , it should not deter good men and true from co-operating . All the existing Associations and Registered Companies are working under unlimited liability , and it is strange if the Working Classes cannot work t ogether in as good faith as the Middle Classes repose in each other . We find an enemy to his im

      the cause twitting Vansittart Neale on proved Co-operation , and taking credit for having inspired that gentleman with the idea of Associations capitalising as much of their profits as possible . Hemav not be aware that Mr . Vansittart Neale drew up the model code of Cooperative laws two years a <^ o , in which he recommended that one-third of the neft profits should be set aside for the further extension of Co-ouer .-ition . What the Conference took

      in hand it did well , with excellent sound sense , practical wisdom , and an admirable unanimity of fueling ; but , we are not satisfied that it accomplished all that was ' desirable or necessary . The proposition- whether any and what steps should be taken by the Cooperative Associations to enter into connexion with other bodies which are not directly Co-operative in their character , ' was indirectly blinked and evaded . Nor do we think that the work delegated to the Cooperative Executive is all that is required to be done by such a body for the unity and strengthening of the Co-operative movement . However , our quarrel is not because we are not Co-operative , but that we

      are more Co-operative—not that the Co-operators have done what they have , but because they have done no more . We heartily wish them good speed and shall fi g ht their battle against the common enemy . We will fling in our mite of aid with any honest attempt to emancipate even the few from the grinding tyranny of Capital . Any healthy movement is to be preferred to apathetic suffering and dumb stagnation . Something may be done , and much may be learned in Cooperative associations . If a Republic of the Workshops be established it is a good initiation for self government in the National Republic of our Future . If we obtain but a glimpse of the beauty and blessing of Brotherhood , it may cheer and hearten us in our struggle to translate the grand idea of

      Fraternity into our evary-day life , both individual and national Co-operation , even on a S nail scale wil 1 marshal us the way we have to go because if we had accomplished the political , revolution , we have still the great old societary evil to conquer—we have still the fi ght with Competition ! We have still to combat Capital with all its means and resources to boot ; And tin ' s can only be done by Co-operation , the political stage being a fairer vantage . ground for us to co-operato upor . Therefore we are Co-operators to-day , anxious to begin to build up tho Cooperative life , and deem it the incumbent duty of all political reformers to support this movement with their sympathies , and wherever it is practicable , to deal in none other than the Co-operative Market .

      The Expulsioj* Of Victor Hugo From Belgi...

      THE EXPULSIOJ * OF VICTOR HUGO FROM BELGIUM . In all ages , in all countries , with every class of men , there has been one virtue exalted above all other virtues , and most religiously adhered to under all and every circumstance . That virtue is hospitality , which has jus f been so grossly outraged by the expulsion of Victor Hugo from Belgium . Victor Hugo was a membpr of the French Legislative Assembly previous to December . As a poet , a romanist , and a journalist , his name was familiar to all Europe long before . In the tribune of the Legislative Assembly his fiery earnestness , and his words of burning patriotism , as he eloquently pleaded the cause of the people , rendered his name

      dearer than ever to his countrymen , and more renowned and respected ivarywhtre as one of the most noble and talented defenders of the Republic , When theRepublic and Liberty was finally overthrown by the traitous Bonaparte in December , he was compelled to leave his country—that country for whose freedom and progress he had so nobl y striven —and to take up his abode in the land of the stranger . He was a guest that any free nation , and the worthy government of any free nation , would have delighted to honour . And such would have delighted to honour him all the more that be was unfortunate , that he had come forth defeated from his generous struggle with despotism—with the enemy of his country ' s liberty , and of the happiness of all

      humnnity . It has not been so with the ' liberal' government of Belgium , Our readers know that that government has alread y shown itself unworthy of the confidence of the Belgian people—unworthy to occupy the position of the forlorn hope of continental freedom . Preaching conciliation , it has shown an ignorance of the best interests of the nation it has been called upon to govi rn , and can less of every consideration except that of its own peace and safety ; it has repeatedly dragged the national name and the national honour in the mire . We have seen how it truckled to the

      surrounding despotisms , how it meanly did the bidding of the infamous bandit who has surprised France in her sleep , and bound her in chains . We have seen , how , in obedience to the dictum of Lows Bonaparte , it has repeatedly violated the most sacred rights of hospitality , and made the most atrocious , though happily unsuccessful attempts upon the freedom of the press ; and now it lias filled to the brim its cup of iniquity and shame , by driving from the Belgian shores the French patriot and poet , wl 0 had sought an asylum from the pursuit of the base and blood-thirsty tyrant that holds his fatherland in thrall .

      But what crime has Victor Hugo committed to merit expulsion from the land in which he' had sought a refuge ? For a work which had not yet appeared , the name o f which alone was known , and that name announcing no attack upon the constituted authorities of Belgium , and nothing contrary to the laws . The book is entitled ' Napoleon the Little , ' and will M . Rogier himself pretend that Louis Bonaparte ia otherwise than little in everything but crime ? .

      This act of basest servility towards the French usurper will only tend to hasten the complete and final ruin of the Belgian Government . It would be a matter of small regret , and no regret , indeed , if it could bring ruin and . shame upon the Bel gian Government only . Unfortunatel y , it is not so . It will certainly bring shame upon the Bel gian nation , and they may esteem themselves happy if it do not aid in accomplishing their ruin as well . Every symptom of cowardice or weakness , every act of meanness , every deviation from the straight path of principle , is a blow aimed at Belgian independance and Belgian freedom . Constitu

      tional Belgium cannot exist except as a representative of the European peoples , with the sympathies and the determination of these peoples to uphold her , and as a protest against the lawless and overwhelming despotism of the continent . She is not needed or desired by Cossackism , or ' Grace of God' Kingcraft . She " must determine , and that quickly and firmly , to stand by the peoples , or she will perish . Should she forget her duty , and attempt to attach herself to any or all of the despo tisms of the continent , her doom is fixed ; they need her not as a handmaid , land if she will not be wise and the enemy of the foes of human freedom , she shall assuredly be"devoured .

      We mourn for Belgium , hurried along the path of destruction b y her imbecile rulers , but we have reason to be proud that our country has become the refuge of one more of the noble combattants for European freedom . We could wish tl at the residence among us of theso our brother workers from other lands were not altogether useless to our own people . We think that , without ceasing to labour for the re-establishment 0 liberty in their own countries , it would be neither unwise nor unprofitable for them to lend us their aid in

      the truly holy work of regenerating the British people . We do not demand this of them as a right in return for the protection they receive . Had they been treated as they ought to have been , and as they would have been had our own people been really enlightened aud free , as brothers and as martyrs to the Great Cause of humanity , well worthy o f every comfort we could bestow upon them , we would have done only our simplest duty and no more . But wo have yet faith in this Britain of ours , in its children , and in their capabilities for improvement , and we would therefore call upon these exiles to come forward , as some of them have already done , and show their sympathies for , and aid us in redeeming , the British

      The Expulsioj* Of Victor Hugo From Belgi...

      people from their present selfish apathT ^ Tiw ^ wo have awoke m the mind , of tho wbea countrymen the energy ^ ft iove of j . ™ " of our f orefathers , we may be enabled to assi ^ y ? f ouf brethren in tho destruction of tvrann ? ? forei g * tablisoment of universal f reedom ' ' " iu th ( > w .

      Politics At The Down Iwl71, Uooo C0 „7 N...

      POLITICS AT THE DOWN iWl 71 , uooo „ 7 ASSIZES . PatS ^ agtl ^ T- ) " This was a case of efti xmf / T 1 ? 7 e ' " Verdict f „ ! ho title . " Counsel - Thomas 0 ' Un „ * ' nt'ff . Vance Esq . Solicitor-James " ' . Jffl \\ ^ ' ^ re » " Counsel for dcfcndant- Ilonrv u T aoucitorsatessrs

      - . Murland nnd Noil . .. « Es « .-. 0 C 'TO I 1 ENRY „ . JOYS $ !?* ' Sib ,-When my eo „ sel , under wh 0 - deemed it r »; ht to avail themselves fnl ^ * acted , cause , you thought proper to i . sk m , r 1 cvidct icc i „ v , » tj to which questio ' u my aiXVj ** ¦ * *& ££ list was , I am a Char . I knew very we that tho « withthe . cr-tliat you ^ tff ^ i "J ^** U , do that I might have asked if jou were n ?• ' corJ . "" d not like to involve vou i „ di ' ' nT Ch :, rt , 3 t - but I dM trilling with the court , nnd fiS' '" l" "PWm-asJif which I hope and expect , tha '' ' ' , * , ¦ ^ you . fi tune I havo the pleasure of meetin " ll m ° the next For your information , as well- ^ f ,, ? . * ! . , who do not know , I be ^ ea 10 0 te ' , "" ° U , cr 3 is . A Chartist he i ,, rto ' ^ *»>»* " Charti utmost of his power , to secure a f „ 1 « S T " - ll > 'he presentation of the people in f 1 ... nl' ' lul co' » l'leie re . liament ; and who « o motto U- Cmmm lloU 5 « of K .

      , , "PEACE , LAW OllDPD «» and whoseprfneipta ar . i- ' UUDEI V ' 1 . That the power of making laws for « , ; . . theoonsututwii , lodged in the hands ol > il * K ™ t ' *• h ? of Payment , and the representa > o ' l V- ' ' ' , flr ^ 2 . That every mniQ u . Uitant 0 nvhl """ " - 3 . That in order to avoid ill-will , tvnnm . 11 confusion , tho voting shall be by bV lot J ' bloo , i 8 hci Und 4 . That to soemo real rcvrrL ,,- , „ representation , the repr ^ Svc ^ of vif ^ l the electors , the p . rlian ,. « its hVlN ,. aU \ "niennblo to tentative * shall be paid - H Loai , nua Undtl 1 orcpre .

      . n v ^ iVKi to ^ strs-ir" punisbbi ° « K'on of any other man . ' U '" 1 uestI 0 » the reli-6 . That lie who is not . 1 ni , n ,. n . * ., profits bv tho evil , of misrule „ , ' ' / , T"' * \ ™ ffIl ° and reason wftlce no impression Up 0 n vho " ^ ts Dublin , 2 nd August , 1852 . PATRICK O'MGGINS . mnmmJ ~^ "te Freema n ' s Journal .

      Fatal Accidex M?!^^,,^ „It An Accident O...

      FATAL ACCIDEX M ?!^^ ,, ^ „ An accident of a very d st , i ,, l ^ I 0 I « CHANNEL , lives were lost , occurred ? nih K a " ? n » w ,, ereby four Wrston . supe . 4 vH ,, ' S ' " Bristol Chtinne ' , bcueeir SeemStbaton SundarmorZ , LT Sttn' 1 , last " Ifc accompanied by on . friS lo „ ? " , younB me " - from Cloved .,,, to W . S » ' rw ? lhem ^ P ™««^ e 4 arrived at their destinati , k ' saf ^ T | ' , * sJ } a 11 * ° "> ni same day , ab .-u . f * . Sk £ S *™™ 01111 " with the view ofreiumi - to 0 eVedon fom ™™ with some friends at We . ton " a d expr ' e „* & ' iT "'" of returning to Cevedon , . ' . iHKfjB

      o c wu ... » sumo mgnc a sail wlis picked pp at Dle , edo „ nnd on Monday a boat oars , and hats were also fmS S Kings . o ,, a distance of about two lni , from C ve n The young men not havmg y , t . made tlioir apprnSS ifc was conjectured that some acident had happened i the management of the boat , by wind , thev had all m ' i h an u „ t „ ne | y end and boats were despatched from Ctewfi o ¦ 1 uesday , and W .-dnesdny to search for the bodhs The body of one of the young men was washed on shore at Kingston Bay on Monday e « re „ . ngl and it was taken t , the old church , GJevedon .

      M. Victor Ili'go.-On Wednesday Crenin? M...

      M . Victor Ili'GO .-On Wednesday crenin ? M . Victor Hugo left the Waterloo station tor Jersey , by the cieht 0 clock mail tram , after a stay in L . ndon of three days Driven from France for the free expression of Ms opinions concerning the coup d ' etat , in his pamphlet , entitled" Napoleon le Petit , " M . Hugo took refuge in Belgium ; but , fearful of giving offence to thfi President , the Belgian govornraent politely requested him to proceed upon his journey ; and , accordingly , on Monday morniis , he arrived in London , and took up his abode at an insignificant little tavern , in Queen-street , Windmill-street , called tne Hotel do Norraandie . Durin ? Iiis short stay . M . Hugo , unlike many other poliiioai refugees , seamed rather to avoid than to court the public gaze ; and . although he dined every day at

      the table d hole of the hotel , his presence was there known to few besides the usual frequenters of the house . This table d' hole is cons antiy frequented by French artist and such exiled litterateurs as , not having enough assurance to obtain an entree to the tables of wealthy lion-hunters , are led by necessity or y inclination t <> seek its modest and inexpensive hospitality ; and to witness the earnest and respectful demeanour with which these gentlemen conducted themselves towards M . Hugo was a touching spectacle . On Wednesday morning , at breakfast , th * UuteWeNormandie was visited by M . Louis Blinc , who came to pay his respeets to the exiled pott . M . Iluijo is accompanied in his wanderings by his younger son , a fine handiome young feUxw , of at > out three or four and iweniy .

      A Manufacturer and a Bailiff committed for F f . i . osy —Joseph Wiuterbottom , a cotton yarn manufacturer , was charged before the Huddersfield magistrates no Sana day last , with having , on the 2 Gtu ult ., at Ilnddet ^ ield , ft-uinious'y removed three sk ps of cops and bobbin-, and twenty bundles of cotton yam , the property of Mr . I-aac Stmpscn , warehouseman and „ cotton spinner , of Mancliester and Preston ; and John Cropper , a bailiff , was charged with aiding » nd abetrme . Wmterbottotn recently occupied t vo mills at Roxton and about , two months as » o , became the occupier of the Ap ^ ley n < il > , n ar Iluddersfi Id . Wioterliottorn had dealt extensively w th the nrosccuk f i itlul became indebted to him for £ 1 , * 20 ± 17 , > . 5 il . In security for tlie payment of i this or any further sum up to £ 1 , 100 , a deed was recently drawn up , by which tho prisoner assiyned over all his goo'ls and effects to the prosecutor . Tho principal was to oe paid not later than the 1 st of January , 1855 , or on demand ; interest to be payable on the amount , due , In fault

      d ( of pajment at the time specified or on demand , Mr . Simpson was empowered to enter and take possession . Winterbottom had furnished an inventory of the goods and effects of the Aps-Icy Mill , in which they were estimated as worth £ 1 , 905 , but a discrepancy being discovered between their real and estimated value , ' the deed was immediately executed . On the 23 rd ultimo , tho prisoner , statins , ' himself unable to meet tne demand served upon him , possession was taken , and the prisoner Cropper , a b . ulilF in the service of Mr . Newton , sheriff ' s officer , of Manchester , was left in charge of the premises . On the following Monday morn . ing , with the consent and assistance of Cropper , tlie articles above named were removed l . y railway to Manchester , by Winterbottom , and consigned ' to Messrs . WMiclie- 'd and Wilcock , cotton spinners , who , however , refused to receive thorn . Information having been received by the prosecutor , Winterbottom and Cropper were taken into custody . Mr . Fret-man orii behalf Jof WinterboUom , contended that the prosecutor was not leimllv in rmssession . inasmuch us the

      deed was conditional and not absolute . The uiagi-nraies , however , bein * advised by the clerk that the possession was legal , committed »; he prsiom-rs for trial at the iorK Assizes . Bail was aceej t ; d for tho prisoners , injjieir own recognizances of £ 150 ouch and two sureties of £ 75 . Testimonial to Mit . Gkouge Tiiompsom .-A meeting of Mr . Thompson ' s friends in the Tower Hamlets look p'ace on Wednesday evening at the British Institution , Coivpersireet , tor the purpose of considering on the presentation 0 a suitable testimonial to their late representative , in approval of his services in the cause of civil and religious freedom-The following resolution was adopted :- " I ' lM the

      suggestion of Mr . C . B . Williams , that Mr . Thompron sliouw w presented with a freehold house within the ' inn ^ < " "Jf Tover Hamlets , would be a suitable and proper mode 01 expressing the high esteem and warm attachine "' ente ™ " towards that gentleman by a large majority of the e ' ' and nou-eleccors of the borough , and other frwod * of «» " »» freedom ; and this meeting pledges itself to use Us uinios '' efforts to carry such suggestion into iifcet . " rt »„ nr Death of Count D'Orsay . —The celebrated tount , D'Orsay expired on Wednesday , at his residence in tan ., after many weeks of painful illness . ,. Death of Tony Joiiannot . — This celebrated artist w " at Paris on Wednesday last . , t ,,, „ . Tub New Crystal PAtACE .-The first column ot iw New Crystal Palace was raised at Sydenham on lliursw with great ceremony and much speech-making . Death of Mil . Grander ., M . P . for . Durham u ; —We have to record the death of Mr . Granger , the niciuoer c for the city of Durham . The melancholy event took place , in York on Thursdayvery suddenly .

      , .. . „ , Another .. Fatal Accidb . vt on the London' as" ^ ° fT Western Railway . —We regret to announce ihe occur- rence on Thursday of another accident on the northern di" * ¦ sion of the London and North-Western Railway , by whicn a the life of an engine driver lias been sacrificed , and thai 01 stiker placed in jeopardy . Full particulars will appear 1

      our second edition . _ t . . ,. Commencement of the Oyster Season . —The ojsw . season commenced on Wednesday , but the ceremonies » 11 , , which the opening of the market used to be celebrated , an 1 which have of late years been fulliug into disuse , were eft * t rely discontinued . i . . . Critical State ok tiik Public Health . —The neeMJ ij report of the Registrar General , just issued , indicates » » great prevalence of diarrhoea , and the importance of proiup p teiiouree to medical aid . r si si The number of vessels which passed tbe Sound ill , lie . ' ' si . v montlis of the picsent year amounted to 0 , 036 , being ng 903 less than in the corresponding period of 1351 . .. ,. SHIPJBVILD 1 . VG i-v LivunrooL . —In a yard on the sve ? 0 ^ . i ! S of Brunswiok Dock , the keel of a vessel of upwards of - , IJUU , w tons has been laid . When completed she will be the largesv esv

      merchantman ever built in England . , . _ . _ K * M-c « . —The town of K .-. liscb , the destruction of *» ' « £ ' " by tiro we announced in our last , accordinc to the »» ® census , contained about 670 houses and 11 , 000 iuhabitancB . iib , andia considered 0110 of the principal places of Russ , ; i ' ! a Poland in point of mercantile opulence and trade ,

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Aug. 7, 1852, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_07081852/page/4/