Current:

Northern Star (1837-1852), 7th July 1849, Edition 2 of 3, Page 2

Page 2
Page 2
2 of 8

On this page

  • Departments (2)
    • jfrttigitttittlUgenre
    • n Public Petitions.—Tho fifty-sixth report specifies OC\fi. iiofl'tlftno frttt I'nni.ll.f.i! it..-. 'A'..rt • i • * «. _ ^ ~*
  • Adverts (2)
  • Text (6)
  • Transcript

    • Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.

      Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.

      Ox - ¦ Vx^Th-E ^^.Ttfhern Star. Jul Y 7....

      Ox - ¦ vX ^ TH-E ^^ . TtfHERN STAR . Jul y 7 . 1849 .

      Jfrttigitttittlugenre

      jfrttigitttittlUgenre

      Italy. The Siege Of Rome. June Is. — Two...

      ITALY . THE SIEGE OF ROME . June IS . — Two notes have been interchanged indirectly between M . de Coureelles ( a new Freneii p leni potentiary , who arrived in camp some < kys ago ) and M . Mazzini , which curiously illustrate not only the policy oflhe French cabinet , hut a knot t y point of iuternavranal law . The Frencbu . ar . ' s note is not worth giving , but Mazrini ' s will repay perusal . ? Rome , June 15 , 1849 . « Sir—The letter which M . de Coureelles writes

      to you , under da l e of the 13 t h , and which j on have had the goodness to communicate to me , in no respect weakens , as you must have at once seen , the sense of She reply of the Roman Constituent Assembly , it is of little matter when inch or such a French despatch is dated ; it is of little matter that M . Lesseps was or was not recalled at the moment when he affixed his signature to the convsntion of the 31 st of May . The answer to all this may be g iven in one word—the Assembly knew nothing of it ; it has nevsr had these despatches officially communicated to it .

      ' The dip lomatic question on our side is thus propounded : —M . Lesseps was Minister Plenipotentiary of France on a mission to Come . He was so for us on the 31 st of May . as before . Nothing had reached us to inform us of the contrary . "We treated , then , in full good faith with him , as if we were treating with France ; and this good faith was requited to ns by the occupation of Monte Mario , in the nig ht of the 26 th to the 29 th of May . Engaged in a discussion entirely pacific with M . Lesseps , having at least the avoidance of everything which might precipitate a solu tion contrary to our wishes , and being nnabls to believe that France would initiate its protective mission by the siege of Rome , we looked

      inactively on every movement of troops , on every operation of detail tending to narrow the line of military defence ; and whilst the French army was gradually drawing nearer topositions which we should lave well known how to defend , M . Lesseps told us that the only object was to satisfy the feverish excitement of the troops , fatigued with their inaction ; he entreated ns , in the name of the two countries and of humanity , to avoid every hostile encounter , to place full confidenc e in him , and have no fear of the consequences . We consented willingly . I , for

      my par t , repent of it at this moment . 1 repent of It , not that I fear for Rome , but because it is the breasts of brave men which defend what might have been defended by gogd positions . On the 31 st of May , at eight o ' clock in the evening ,, the convention between M . Lesseps and us was signed . He carried it to the camp , telling us that he regarded the signature of General Ondinot as a simple formality , on which there could not exist the slightest doubt . We were all rejoicing . Things were about to resume , between France and us , their natural course .

      ' The despatch of General Oudinot ,: containing a refusal to adhere to the convention , and declaring his conviction that M . Lesseps , in si gning it . had overstepped his powers , reached us , I think , in the course of the night . A second despatch , dated June 1 , at half-past three in the afternoon , and s i g ned by the General , informed us on his part' that the event had justified his determination , and that in two despatches emanating from the Ministries of War a nd of Forei gn Affairs , under date the 28 th and 29 th of Mar , the French government declared to

      him that the mission of M . Lesseps was terminated . ' ' Twenty-four hours were granted to ns to accept the ultimatum of May 29- The same day , as you know , M- Lesseps addressed to us a communication , in which he said , * I maintain the arrangement signed yesterday . I set out for Paris to obtain its ratification . This arrangemeat has . been concluded in vi r tue af my instructions , which authorised me to devote myself exclusively to the negotiations and relations to h a established with the Roman authorities and the people . '

      • The same day , at a later hour , General Ondinot intimated to us that hostilities would recommenc , but that , ' at the request of the Chancellor of the French Embassy , the aitack of the place would be delayed to Monday morning at least . ' « On the Sunday the attack took place , and the consequences io us cf this want of faith was the occupation of the Yilla Pamfili , and the capture of two companies there cut off—an event which doubtless fi gures in the bulletin of the 3 d . These 200 men surprised in their s . oep , are now , with the twentyfour prisoners made during the day , at Baslia , in Corsica . * New , what havs we to do , I ask you , sir , with the despatch of the 26 th May , quoted for the first time in the MterofM . de Coureelles ? What has

      the Roman government to do with the despatches cited by General Ondinot ? We have never seers these despatches , their contents are in no respect known to us , and have not been officially communicated to us . We bare on one side the affirmations of General Ondinot ; on the other , those of the French Minister-Plenipotentiary ; they contradict each othe r . Let France settle this , if she can in a manner to keep her honour unimpaired . Between , a Minister Plenipotentiary and the General commanding an army , our A-sembly thought itself bound to accept the version of facts given by the Plenipstentiary . I thick h did well ; and I wish you to observe , sir , that it is only to-day—the tenth day of the siege of Rome—that the presence of M . de Coureelles in camp , in quality of envoy , is officiall y thoutrh indireetiv known to us .

      * Wei gh the dates of the official notes , compare them with the date of the occupation of Monte Mario and the operations of the French army , ami tell me , sir , if , in coolly examining t h e di p loma t ic question , Europe would not be obli ged to say , * the French government only wished to play with that of Jtome . General Oudmot dishmestly profited Try the good faith of those composing it to draw closer the circle of att a ck , to occupy favourab ' e positions , and to ensure the possibility of surprising the city . Either the despatch of the 2 Gth does not exist , or it has not been communicated in time to M . Lesseps . The despatch cf May 29 was , in fact , known in

      the French camp on the morning of the 1 st June that of . the 2 Gth mi ght then have reached the hands of G-rneral Ondinot by the 29 ib May . If the General-in-Chief did not at that time produce it in order to suspend all negotiation and the negotiator himself , i t may be t houg ht that he wished " t o avail himself of the semblance of negotiation to paralyse £ he vi gilance and force of ihs Romans ; to make himself ma s ter , by little and little , without meeting resistance of their best positions ; remaining sure of being able , by producing the despatch of May 26 . to put a stop at his will to every negotiation which should not please him , and to every armistice , as soon as he should be readv to act .

      'Permit me to say , sir , with the frankness becoming a man of heart , the conduct of the Roman Government has never , during these negotiations , deviated a sing le hair ' s breadth from the path of honour . The French Government cannot say as much . France , thanks be to God J is not in question : a brave and generous nation , she is the victim of a base intrigu ? , as we are . * To-day your cannons fire npon our walls , your bombs rain on the Hol y City . France has had the

      glory in t he past ni ght , of killing a poor girl in the TrasteveTe , w \ rilst sleeping beside her sister . Our young officers and new-made soldiers , our workmen , fall trader your fire , crying ' Long life to the Republic ! ' The brave soldiers of France fall under ours , without a cry or murmur , like dishonoured men . I am sure there is not one who does not say , -whilst dyintr , - what one of your deserters said to us to-day : 'We feel something in ns which tells us we are combatting brothers . '

      ? And why so ? Neither you nor I can tell . Trance has no battle-fiag here ; she is combatting men who love her , and who up to yesterday had faith in her . She seeks to burn a city which has done her no barm , without political object or avo w ed end , without rig h t t o vindicat e , or mission to fulfil : . . . We at least know why we are fi ghting ; ; and it is because we know it that we are strong . If France represented here any ef those ideas which constitute the grandeur of nations , and once constituted hers , the bravery of her children

      -would not be futile against the breasts of our young recruits . It is a sad page written by the hand of your government in the history of France ; it is a mortal blow struck at the Papacy , which you wish t o sustain , but which you are drowning in blood ; it is a bottomless gulf which you are digging between nations called to act in concert for the good of the world , and w h ich f o rages have stretched t heir b ands fc ) each other ; it is an assault on international morality , and on that liberty which France cannot maintain without faith and intelligence . '

      Koare , Jvse 19 . —There is nothing that I can add to-day to my letter of vesterday , ex . cepS the melanchol y supp lement that the hopes ¦ which were beginning to be entertained of an armistice , in consequence of the comparative cessa lion of the French fire , seam to be entirel y dissi pated The French are !> a < irv at work on mine and sap . and

      Italy. The Siege Of Rome. June Is. — Two...

      the like devilish inventions . The Knraans on thei part nee-not idle . We know by telegraphic de " spaWh , given in the Monitore Toscano , ' the resul of the debate in the French Assembly on foreign i & avrs , of Mondav , June 11 . The firing to-day is rather more active than yesterday , bu t Oudino t seems to have desisted from his bombardment for very shame . The heig ht of San Pietro Montorio , immediately tinder which the breach lies , is now much stronger than it was before * I do not thiHk the French will

      ever take that . Incidents of the Siege . — - To describe the various incidents of the engagement would be icdious , but au anecdote of a ' hair breadth escape' of a Polish soldier , in the battle of Ponte Molie on the 15 ih , is so singular as to merit relating . . Acasino near the bridge jointl y occupied b y Pubs and Italians , was observed from the eminence to peur forth its fire regularly and powerfully , and the second in command of the operations , Colonel Milwiiz , was anxious that the little garrison should net be surrounded and overpowered by the advancing French . He therefore sent a message by the Pole in question , who succeeded in threading his

      dangerous path across the p lain , and reached the house in safety . On crossing the court and ascending the stairs our messenger suddenly found himself in the midst of the enemy : the French were already in possession of the house , and were firing from the windows on the repulsed garrison in the vineyard . The mutual surprise was followed by shouts of ah I gredini . attends , canaille ! and a volley from the French , which the Pole escaped by dashing down stairs , and rushing into the road pursued » y his enemies . A butt in the middle of the road gave biro a momentary shelter , and an opportunity of discharg ing his musket , which dose he jumped over the fence amidst a shower of balls , and got back unhurt to head quarters .

      I visited the Porta Portese yesterday afternoon , witnessed the damage produced in the walls and houses , and traversed the whole extent of the Trastevere quarter , where , althoug h balls , rockets , and shells were conlirually falling , as the French batterries were at that moment in great activity , the inhabitants were silting out of doors with the greatest sang froii , women nursing and suckling their infants , soldiers loung ing about , waiting for the fatal moment , and men — Trasteverini , Romans

      par excellence — p lay ing at pitch and toss , or morra , for a mag of wine , with as much gusto as if the infernal racket and deadl y p r o jec t iles around had been a thousand leagues off . But these same men , when roused to fury , will show the French that some of the ferocity of the elder republic still lurks in their veins . Bands of the lower orders * are organised in every quarter ; and pikes and hatchets , wielded by the stalwart arms of labouring men , will t e ll fearfull y in the close quart e rs of stree t

      warfare . The water of the Pauline aqueduct , now cut off by the French , hitherto served to turn the chief part of the Roman flour mills . The municipality has , therefore , been forced to provide other raillSi and three , turned by the current of the Tiber , are already inactivity . Steam will likewise be soon e mployed for th e same pu r pos e , but , in order to prevent an undue consumption of fine flour in the present emergency , the bakers have been prohibited from making French rolls , and only two qualities of bread are now to be had .

      The ' Moniteur' ( French ) publishes despatches f r om G e neral Ou d mo t , dat e d Santucci , t he 24 th of June , from which it appears that he had made no advance , and was for tifying himself on the breach . The French bad found greater obstacles on their way than they had antici pated . The Romans unmasked several batteries on the old wall ef Aurelian , which raked with a flanking fire the new position taken by the French on the breach . The resistance of the besieged continued with great persis : e » ce , notwithstanding the knowledge of the affairs of Paris and Lyons .

      Another battery of siege pieces of the 1 st Regiment of Artillery left Grenoble on the 28 th ult . for Toulon , where it was to be embarked for Civita Vecchia ; and letters from Marseilles , referred to by the ' National , ' state that reinforcements to a considerable amount were embarked on the 26 th for the same place . ( From the' Daily News . ' Roue , June 22 . —I write in all the pandemonian comp lication of sounds which accompany the assault of a large and populous city by an enterprising and well-organised enemy , and in all the uncertainty which attends the consciousness that a few hours more may decide the destinies of a whole

      people , and perhaps of the whole world . The cannon has been unceasingly ocenpiad for eighi-a » d-/ orty hours , nor have the citizens or soldiers been able to get an atom of repose ni ght or day . M y last communication madeyou acquainted with the course of events up to the afternoon of the 20 i . li . The whole ol that night was industriously spent by the Romans in repairing their damaged walls on the Janieu ' um , aad in forming earthen ramparts and trenches within their circuit , so as to constitute second and third lines of defence , should the enemy , after battering down the outer bastions , succeed in forcing his entry at the breach . In this operation t hey were g rievousl y annoyed by the shower of

      grenades , si els , rockets , and cannon balls constantly discharged from the French guns ; but workmen and soldiers vied in courage and perserverance , and carried on their labours in spite of all obstacles , with energy and constancy . Towards two o ' clock in the morning a column of French , consisting of tTto or three companies , attempt ? d to surprise one of theE > man outposts , at a casino near the Villa Corsini , alias Quatro Venti . The littls garrison was formed of only thirty soldiers of the Unione regiment , hut was sufficiently on the alert to perceive the enemy creeping cautiously through the vineyards , surrounding the house , and sufficiently cool and determined to allow him to come under the do > rway ,

      aad to the foot cf the stairs , previous to attacking hira . The French officers no sooner shouted to their men to ' charge bayonets , ' than the Romans rushed furiousl y upon them down the stairs , firing hardl y a shot , but driving them out of the house at the po int of the bay one t , killing a captain , woundum sixteen or seventeen privates , and making four prisoners . The remainder of the day was chiefly occupied by cannonading on both sides , with the loss of a lieutenant of artillery and two privates on the Romans' part , and their temporary deprivation of the valuable services of of Lieut . Colonel

      Calandrelli , also of the & rtil ! ery , who was severel y bruised by a splinter . During the afternoon the French fire increased , and a sufficiently large portion of the parapet was destroyed to afford a practicable breach ; but no attempt was made to scale until shortly before daybreak this morning , when a tremendous and long-continued discharge of all sorts of projectiles having cleared the breach of its defenders , three or four companies of French infantry succeeded in dashing in , and occupying a cadno , called Villa Sciarra , a stone ' s throw inside the wall , between the third and fourth bastion , reckoning southwards from Porta San Pancrazio . Their first care was to

      blockade lhfimsslves strongly within , abund a nce of materials having been left there by the workmen employed on the barricades , and they next proceeded to heighten the breastworks , in front of the building already begun by the Romans , so as to form a little fortress backed by the City walls . 1 n this condition I have just witnessed them , holding out against a very severe fire from two batteries , one at San Pietro in Montorio , and t he other a l it tl e below , whose object is evidently that of battering the house down about their ears before they can receive aid from without . I saw a very bold attempt t o tak e the posi t ion b y storm half an hour ago . The Romans succeeded in getting under the walls , but

      the house being very strong , with a high terrace wall and numerous windows , from whence the French kept up a murderous fire behind sacks and mattresses , the assailing column was obliged to retreat , and the artillery resumed the undertaking with a tremendous fracas : ' It may form a subject of just surprise wh y the Romans should have abandoned the house so easily . The blame remains with the officer commanding a detachment of the 3 rd regi . ment of t he line , 150 men , whose dutv it was to defend the post . He took fli g ht on the approach of the enemy , and his base example spread a panie through his soldiers , who , although part of a corps remaining from the old Papal army , and used more

      to processions and benedictions than battle-fields have , on some otber occasions , as lately at Velletri ' performed their part efficiently . The officer is said to have beeu shot immediately , but the iren complaining loudl y of his treachery , have demanded to be placed at the head of the column , destined to re-take the lost position , in order to have an on portunity of retrieving their honour . It is , of course an immense advantage to the French to have 500 men , strongly pasted within the breach , and ready to take the defenders in the rear when they man the flattered walls to oppose the entry of the attacking cilumns , and they are fortunate in having bole , . md experienced soldiers ready to execute any orders in

      Italy. The Siege Of Rome. June Is. — Two...

      any cause , and fighting almost better iu a bad one than in a good . Under the protection of this advanced guard the main body of the French are preparing a road up the breach and rendering it practicable for artillery : —but Garibaldi is about to make a desperate attack on their lines , in order , if possiblp , to render their labour fruitless , and cut off all hopes of succour from the occupants of the Villa Sciar / aa . The drums of the national guard and the bells of all the churc hes call the citizens to the defence of the walls >» his absence .

      Half-past One , p . m . —I have just returned from again viewing the scene of action . The cannonading has diminished ; the disputed casino is in a very ruinous condition , and the French cannot show their noses at the barricaded windows withou t receiving a salute- of musketry . A picquet of Garibaldi ' s men has worked round to the bastion south and immedi . ately contiguous to the house , in order to hold the garrison in check during the sortie . , The infernal racket of last ni ght was considerably augmented b y the cannon of the Monte Pincio , which was efficaciou sly employed in repuUing an attack on the Villa Poniatowsky , an eminence on the rig ht of

      the Porta del Popolo , of which the-French were anxious to become roasters . Several thousand pounds of gunpowder , coming from Viterbo under a feeble escort , took the circuitous road of the Porta Magg iore to reach the city in safety , but the French cavalry seized the whole at a few miles distance from the gates . The priests and their adherents make wonderfully dexterous spies , and the enemy receives constant and exact intelligence of everything going on in Rome , as well as plans of all lines and barricades , by means of si gnals from elevated windows , and papers floated down the Tiber in bottles .

      The damage hitherto produced b y the French projectiles is chiefly limited to the Trastevere and Jews ' quarter , where also some innocent lives have been sacrificed by them . Amongst the monuments of art in other parts of the city which have been injured by this Vandalic assault may be mentioned the famed ' Auiora' of Guido , a fresco in the Palazza Rospigliosi : the same sacrilegious ball ( a twenty-fourpounder ) passed close to the celebrated colossal

      equestrian figures of Phidias and Praxiteles on the Quirinal . The . temple of Fortuna Virilis , one of the most esteemed specimens of ante-imperial architecture extant , has been seriousl y battered b y a thirtysix-pound shot . The Capitol , the churches of Santa Maria in Trastevere , St . Andrea della Valle , St . Carlo in Catinari ( containing beautiful frescos by Domenichino ) , St . Cosimato ( possessing paintings by Pinturicchio and valuable archives ) , as well as many other ed flees , have suffered more or less .

      The ( Paris ) ' Moniteur ' publishes a desp at ch from Seneral Oudinot , dated Santucci , the 26 th ult ., giving an account of the siege operations up to that date . Two pieces of the Romans' artillery , stationed on the heights of St . Alexis , were silenced by the battery No . 2 . On the 24 th and 25 th the occupation of the bastions was extended and consolidated . It was to be further extended to the rig ht , s o us to cut off the communication of the Porta Portese with the Montario . On the night of the 24 th , and the day of the 25 th , the working at the batteries continued . The consuls at Rome have protested against the bombardrae . it of the city—that is , what tliey call so , and what M . de Corcelles does not admit to be a bombardment at all . ' Rome , June 24 , 7 p . m .

      ' General , —The undersigned consular agents , representing their respective governments , take the liberty to express to you their profound regret that you should have subjected the Eternal City to a bombardment of several days and nig hts ' duration The object of the present communication , Gen e ral , is to make the most energetic remonstrances against this mode of attack , which not only places in danger the lives and properties of neutral and pacific inhabitants , but also , those of innocent women and chil . dren . We venture . General , to inform you that this bombardment has already cost several innocent persons their lives , and caused the destruction of masterpieces of art which can never be replaced . "We place confidence in you , General , that , in the name of humanity and of civilised nations , vou will desist

      irora an ulterior bombardment , in order to spare the destruction of the monumental city which is considered as under the moral protection of all the civilised countries of the world . We have the honour to be , with profound respect , General , your very humble servants , 'John Freeborn , consular agent of H . B . M . ; A . Marshaller , consul of Prussia ; Ch . Maerini , attache of the legation of the Netherlands ; Jean Bravo , consul of Denmark ; Begre , consul-general of Switzerland ; Kolb , cmuul ol WurtCKiburg ; A . Shaking , secretary of the Republic of San Salvador ; Nicholas Brotner , consul of the United States ; Jerome Bosca , consul of Sardinia , and provisionally of Tuscany . '

      SUSPENSION OF HOSTILITIES . The substance of the following despatch was communicated b y M . Odillon Barrot- to the French legislative assembly , in the fitting of Tuesday : — ' Marseilles , July 3 , 8 o ' clock in the morning . 1 Civita Vecchia , July 1 , 10 o ' clock . « M . de Corcelles to the Minister of Foreign ' Affairs . ' General Oudinot addresses to the government intelligence of the carrying of a new bastion , No . 8

      in the night of the 29 th ult . The telegraphic despatch of the General will make known to you the details of this affair , which is , perhaps , decisive . The enemy has lost a good many men and demands to c a p itulate . I receive tin ' s instant from General Oudinot the following : — 'On the 30 th ult . the lloman Constituent made a decree couched in these terms : —The Assembl y ceases a defence , wliich has become impossible . It charges the Triumvirate with the execution of the" present decree . ' At the same lime the Gsneral-ln-Chief of

      t he Roman army demanded ( at seven o clock ) a suspension of hostilities , and announced the departure for the French head-quaiters of a deputation from the Roman Municipality , 1 am about to start fnr head-quarters , which I left yesterday afternoon at three o'clock with Messrs . d'Harcourt and ds Rayneval . Not knowing the resoldtions of the Roman authorities , they left for Gaeta in the morning . I have caused them to be informed by an advice boat . l P . S . —1 have received intelli gence . from headquarters that the General-in-Chief has received the Roman Municipality ,-and begs of me to join him . I leave this instant . '

      Ancona , Junk 24 . —For three days the black and yellow flpg has drooped over this crushed city . Old General Wimpffen chose the 21 st as the anniversary of the Pope ' s accessian to commemorate the restoration of the Pope ' s government by Austrian arms . In the morning hi gh mass was celebrated , the Austrian hymn sang , medals distributed ; ' and then the army filed off to peals of cannon before the Commander Zinibeecari . Matioli and : others took refuge on board the English brig of war . Frolic , which sailed for Corfu , and Fpntana setv out for his home . All the free corps were dissolved on the 20 th , rnd the roads have been ever since covered with parties returning to their homes—unarmed , but still in uniform , with eraulettes of red wool , and foraging caps .

      PIEDMONT . Some of the Turin journals have appeared with a black marg in , in consequence of the alleged death of Charles Albert . The « Piedmontese Gazette' of the 28 th ult . has no sign of mourning , and states that the telegrap hic despatch of Bayonne announcing the ex-king ' s death was not official ; that the last accounts , received by government were up to the 13 th ult ., and rather favout able , but that as the Sardinian consul at Bayonne has also announced to the cabinet the fact of his Majesty ' s death ; , government had t houg ht proper to close the theatres for that evening , till the truth of the fact be ascertained .

      THE SIEGE OF VENICE . The ' Risorg imento , ' of Turin , publishes a letter from Venice of the 20 th ult . The . National Assembly had named a military commission for the defence of the city , who were independent of Manin . This measure had been the cause ot discontent among the people , who saw with regret fllanin ' s authority curtailed . The bombardment continued rrithout interruption , but without damage to the city , as the greater part of the shells fell into'the water . A decisive ' attack iipon Brondolo was , it was stated , contem p lated by the Aus t rians , who were actively at work at their fortifications . The powder magazine of the island Delia Grazie had ken blown up by accident on the 19 th ult ,, . and caused a violent shock , which was felt throughout . Venice but the damage was not great . Negotiations for peace were in progress .

      J FRANCE . THE ttEIGN OF TEMIOR ! An incident has just occurred in connexion with the insurrection of the 13 th ult ., which has excited a good deal of interest amongst the public , from the

      Italy. The Siege Of Rome. June Is. — Two...

      unwonted instance of an officer in the trench army being condemned to death by court-martial .. The facts are as follows : ' Captain Kleter , of the 4 th reg iment of the line , whose arrest was announced a few dsys ago , was on Monday brought to trial before a court-martial , on the charge of having been guilty —first , of the crime of treason , on June 13 th , by uttering seditious cries calculated to cause the soldiers under his orders to revolt ; and next , for having deserted his post in presence of the enemy . The accused had long been known for the violence of hi * Socialist opinions and for the vehemence of his language : and on the day in question was even more excited than usual , speaking in strong terras against the expedition to Italy , and against the President of tlie Republic . On that day he was stationed on the Boulevard des Italiens at the head of his company ,

      and when the Red Republican demonstration appeared he waved his sword and shouted , 'Vivela Constitution . ' His soldiers at the same time remained perfectl y calm . Shortly after he went without leave into a c : ff ; e-house , leaving the soldiers under the orders of other officers . After , the case asainst him was concluded , the prisoner denied that his general opinions and language were so extreme as had been represented . He , however , admitted that , during the demonstration of the 13 th , he had cried , ' Vive la Constitution . ' If ( he added ) he had left his company , it was to obtain refreshment ; but he remained away so short a time that his absence could have scarcely been remarked . Commandant Plee , as public prosecutor , supported the charge of treason , hut abandoned that of desertion . He insisted that , under present circumstances , the rules of

      discipline ought to be strictly maintained . M . Phi . lippon de la Madeleine presented the defence of the accused . The Court , after an hour ' s deliberation , declared Captain Kleber guilty of treason , but acquitted him on the c ' iaige of . desertion ; ' and inconsequence condemned him to death . The sentence caused a painful impression on the auditory ; and a lady , said to be a relative of the prisoner , uttered a p iercing cry , and was carried out of court in hysterics . Immediately after the sitting was brought to a close , the President and members of the court signed a petition to the President of the Republic for a commutation of the sentence . The prisoner , who is only thirty-one years of age , 5 s of the famil y of the . celebrated General Kleber , CoTumarider-vn Chief of the array of Egypt , and he is t he son of an oil soldier . He has two brothers in the army , both of whom are captains . '

      Four soldiers were condemned to death m Paris on Tuesday b y cou ^ marfiali for having resisted the gendarmerie who were commanded to arrest Sergeant-Major Boichot , and convey him to Vincen nes , previous to his election as a member of the Leg islative Assembly . One of them on hearing his sentence burst into tears and sobbed aloud . Paris , Sunday . —The Assembly last night authorised the prosecution o : the thirteen representatives against whom tlie Procnreur-General bad demanded it . MM . Gamhon and Brives immediately gave themselves up .

      M-. Renaulden , the Prefect of the Das Rhin , has resigned , and his resignation had been accepted by the Government . He refused to demand that the department under his charge should be placed in a slate of siege , or to become responsible for the arrests ordered to be made by the Minister of the Interior . Arrests , in consequence of the affair of the 13 th of June , still continue to be made . M . Louvet , surveyor of the Fonts et Chaussees , was taken into custody this morning . Some valuable documents are said to have been found in his possession , and seized . Among them is a correspondence with one ol the men transported for the affair of June , 1848 , named Busquet .

      M . Piquet de Belay , sub-Chief of the Marine Departmen t , was apprehended last night . M . Piquet was an intimate friend of citizen Thore , and it was through him the secret information relative to the navy , published in the Socialist journals , is stated t' * have beeu obtained . The publication of the details respecting this branch of the service long puzzled t he g o vernment , as they were never able to make out how such accurate information could have been ohtained . Written proofs of this were found iu his apartment , together with a mass of papers belong ing to M . Thore , which the latter had requested him to keep for him . The police are still actively engaged in searching for Led ™ Rollin , who , they are certain , is concealed in Paris .

      Recall of General Otjbinot . —Paris , Monday . —General Oudinot has been recalled from Rome , and General Bedeau is appointed commanderin-chief of the army of Italy in his stead . General Bedeau has already left Paris to lake the ccmuaand of the army before Rome . General Oudinot conies home in disgrace . He is considered to have shown great incapacity , and his troops are so dissatisfied that there were apprehensions of an insurrection among them . The Government has promised General Bedeau to raise the army of Italy to 50 , 000 men . He i s in st ruc t ed to get pos se s s i o n of Rome coute que coute with the least possible delay .

      This Elections . —The ' National' publishes the list of candidates for Paris , selected by a committee formed of the representatives of the Mountain , the Socialist and Democratic committee , the democratic committee of the Friends of the Constitution , and the delegates of the democratic press . The following are the names;—MM . Charassin , homrae de lettres ; Demay , lieutenant of light infantry ; Dupont ( de JSussac . ) Flocon , Goudchaux , Guinard , Joly , sen ., and Proudhon , ex representatives ; C . Malarmet , ouvrier iu bronze ! Ribeyrolles , editor o ' the ' Rsforme' ; Vida ) , editor of the ' Travail Affianchi . '

      There appears to be a schism in the ranks of the Republicans . The' Temps' publishes a Hst of candi dates agreed to b y the Union RepuWicaine , in which the names of MM . Buvi gnier , Madier de Montjau , Olivier , Barrilion , Billault , and Jules Favrc are given in p lace of MM . Charassin , Flocon , Goudchaux , Malarmet , Prcudhon , and Vida ! . The other five names arc the same in both lists . Is the matter of the chorion it is to be noticed that M . Proudhon has withdrawn from Paris

      election . He has addressed to the ' Presse' a let t e r from the Conciergerie , dated yesterday , in wliich he declares that he does not recognise the authority of the committee which has taken on itself to draw up the list of the candidates of the democratic and socialist party , neither does he accept the list . He fur t her objects , that the names on the -list are not such as the ' situa t ion ' required the parly to select . Hi . Emile de Girardin , M . Jules Favre , and M . de Ltisseps ought , he says , to have been put forward .

      In the Assembly on Monday M . Dupin was reelected President of the Assembly . Tlie President of the Council replied to the interpellations of M . Vessigny relative to the bombardment of Rome . He denied that the government concealed ' anything , and asserted that they published every despatch received from the French camp . M . Lagrange spoke in an animated tons against the policy of the government , with which the incident terminated . Captain Kleber , who was sentenced to death by court-martial for having uttered seditious language in presence ot the troops under his command on the 13 th of June , had resolved to suffer the sentence without making an appeal tea superior court ; but , after a long conversation with the clergyman attached to the military prison , he has been induced to alter his determination .

      IMPORTANT DESPATCH FROM ROME . Tuesday . —M . O . Barrot to-day communicated to the Legislative Assembly the following telegraphic despatch : — ' On the 30 th of June the Roman Constituent Assembly passed a decree in the following terras : — ' The Assembly ceases a defence which has become impossible , and remains at its post . It charges the Triumvirate with the execution of the present decree . — At the same time the commanderin-chief of the Roman army demanded at seven o ' clock a suspension of hostilities , and announced the prorA ^ t arrival at the French head-quarters of a deputation of the municipality of Rome . ' — M . de Corcelles announces that this deputation had just arrived . " : '' . ' ¦ '

      GERMANY . BADEN AND THE PALATINATE . —Ne ^ s from Mannheim of Juno 28 , confirm the fact that Rastadt has been occupied by the Prussian troops , that the greater part of the insurgent chiefs had been arrested at Offeiiburg , which had been Uakeii during the previous night by Wurtemherg troops . The ' Mayence Gazette , ' however , says that Mieroslawsk i , wi t h t he r e mnant of hi s f o rce , had not ihrawn himself into the fortress , which would have

      rendered his retteat impossible either into France or Switzerland , but that he had retired behind t he Murg into the defiles of the Black Forest , where he seems resolved to defend himself to the last ex . treraity . This explains why the troops of , the emp ire were able to occupy Rastadt witnout resistance . Twenty thousand Prussians marched on the 28 th at five in the morning , for the valley of the Murg . The Prussian General Urandenstein had been named governor of Carlsruhej where he has already sus-

      Italy. The Siege Of Rome. June Is. — Two...

      pended all the journals , with the exception of th « Carlsruhe Gazette , ' this latter being authorised to appear under the superintendence of a staff officer . All the clubs and political associations have been dissolved , and only the national guard , who do garrison duty , arc permitted to wear arms . The above appeared in the ' Daily News' of Mon . day . The following , contradicting the report of the cap ture . of Rastadt , appeared in that paper of Tuesday : — 'The statement of the ' Menlz Gazette , ' that the fortress of Rastadt had been taken by the Prussians , is an unfounded one . It is certain that the fortress is well provisioned , and that Mieroslawski has more

      than 10 , 000 troops in the vicinity ; so that the capture of it without a fierce strugg le is not likel y . The operations of the Prussian troops in the Baden Oberiand commenced on the 28 th of June . The Hessian troops , forming the a a v nced posts of the army of the empire ( which must not be confounded with the Prussian array ) had taken up their quarters in Ettlingen and Malscb . An immense number of Prussian troops marched through Carlsruhe on the 28 t h , en route for Rastadt . According to the testimony of several deserters from the Baden army , the remaining insurgents were resolved to cumbat to the very last . According to the statement of a Prussian

      officer , the Prussians lost 200 in killed and wounded during the conflict near Waghausel on the 22 « d-He speaks ia terras of praise of the strategetical arrangements made . by Mieroslawski . In the above little town , the Prussians killed all the inmates of the extensive sugar manufactory of Herr Vou Haber , after one of the comrades of the former had been killed ( as alleged ) by a shot from one of the cellars of the establishment . Eight thousand Austrian troops are stationed along the road between Bludenz and Bregenz . Four thousand more will shortly arrive . These troops will be shortly marched into Baden , under the command of Prince Charles von Schwarlzenberg . '

      On the 28 th ult . a large body of troops was being concen t rat e d r o und Rads t ad t , in which Mhroslawski is said to have shut himself up with 10 , 000 insurgents , and was preparing for a desperate resistance . The Baden soldiers who had joined the insurgents were deserting in great numbers . The place was provisioned for several weeks , Accounts to the 2 !> th u \ t ., state that there was a sanguinary , battle on that day in the neighbourhood of Malasch and Maggensturra , small towns situated between Carlsruhe and Rastadt . The contest raged from ten in the morning till nightfall ; and even

      journals favourable to the Prussians admit that the loss of the latter was considerable . Some of those journals assert that the Prussians succeeded in repulsing the revolutionary army , and even in taking possession of the outer works of the fortress of Rastadt . The French government has received the following telegraphic despatch from Strasburg , dated the 3 rd;— ' Mieroslawski arrived at Bale on the 2 'id , with his staff , and left almost immediately for Liechtall , in the canton of Bale Campagne . Maerder , the ex-Minister of Finance of the provisional government at Baden , was arrested the same day at Bale , and his effects were sequestrated . '

      THE WAR IN HUNGARY . " The details of the battle of Pered , fought on the 21 st ult ., are at length g iven . The Hungarians , commanded by Gorgey in person , were a b out 30 , 000 strong , with eighty pieces of cannon . On the side of the Austrians the whole corps of Wohlgemuth , the brigade of Pott , and a corps of 10 , 000 Russian auxiliaries under Panintin , were brought into action . The engagement lasted from five in the morning till ei ght in the evening . It . began favourably for the Hungarians , but the continued reinforcements which t heir enemy received turn e d the sc a le , and the repeated storm upon Pered where the Imperialists were barricaded did not succeed . Gorgev , after sustaining

      the brunt of an enemy greatly superior in numbers , for twelve hours , was obligtd to retreat over the Waag , breaking off behind him the bridges ol Farkasd and Negged , which had been thrown over during tln > ni ght . The loss on both sides was severe . A Russian colonel and four other Russian officers fell , and the Austrian Major Fischer , - Few prisoners were made . The three following days passed without fi ghting . But on the Austrian side great activity was visible in the dislocation of troops to the righi bank of the Danube at Presburg . From 30 , 000 to 35 , 000 men were conveyed across , with much heavy artillery and cavalry . The next battle of importance from the west may therefore be expected to take place on the right hank .

      The ' Wiener Zeitung' add * that , according to despatches that day received from Oedenburg , the imperial army reached Papa , twenty-four miles south of llaah , on the 2 ith . Papa was set fire to in several places . The Austrians continued their march towards the Bakony forest , meeting with no opposition . The Hungarians fled before them to the great lake Platten-See , The same official paper says " that despatches of the 22 nd , from the head-quarters of Paskewitch , announced a victory over the Magyars in the Zips .

      The last news ( 25 th ) from Presburg slates that a earps of Magyars , 20 , 000 strong , had appeared in Tutsehin , umkrjknilzky . The Russian head-quarters in the west were at Freistadtl . It was reported that seven Austrian officers had been shot in Debreczin , in reprisal for the execution of the preacher Razza , at Presburg . On the 19 th , off Semlin , two barges laden with ammunition for the Ban ' s camp , and towed by the steam-tug , D e breczin , blew up . Many lives were lost , and the steamer greatly damaged . On board the barges were 200 centners of powder , rockets , grenades , balls , and some pieces of artillery ; twenly men were killed , and thirteen mortally wounded , among the latter a Lieutenant of Artillery . Besides the ammunitinn a large supply of corii was destroved . The damage is estimated at 200 . 000 florins .

      Six of the Palatinal hussars , four corporaisi and two privates , have been executed at Bruck , t he res t restored to the . ranks , and sent into Italy . CAPTURB OF BAAB BY THE . RUSSIANS AND

      AUSTRIANS . The great city of Raab was taken by assault by the Austrians on the 28 th ult ., after a most sanguinary battle . At half-past four the same day the young Emperor of Austria entered the town , followed b y t he 1 st , corps < V armee . — Morning Chronicle . The ' Daily Ne w s ' has the following version : — The rumour which prevailed on the 28 th ult . of the occupation of Rsab bv the Austro . Russian army .

      has been to-day confirmed by a telegraphic despatch received from the seat of war . The Austrian vanguard entered Raab at ten in the morning . There was no battle ; only cannonading by the rear of the retreating Hungarian army . Theemperor , who rode at the he a d of t he fir s t army corp s , entered at four ia the afternoon into Raab , which is now the headquaners of the imperial army . The Huugarian head-qnartersarc removed to Gonyo , wliich is nearly opposite Comoru .

      THE RUSSIAN MISCREANT . The German papers publish the following proclamation of his Majesty the Czsr of all the Russias to his array : — « Soldiers ! New troubles , " new combat J , are before you . We march to assist an ally in overcoming the very rebellion which eig hte e n y e ar s ago was tramp led down by you in Poland , and which now lifts its head in Hungary . With the help o f Al m i g ht y God , you will prove to be orthodox warriors , for such h sve the Russians always beenformidable to the foes of all that is sacred , but generous to the peaceable citizen . ' Your Emperor and your own hol y Russia expect no less from you . Onward , my children ! Follow the Hero of Warsaw , follow him to glory . God is with us . ' Warsaw , June 1 ( 13 ) . ' Nicholas . '

      THE CHOLERA IN HOLLAND . The Hague , June 30 . —According to the official reports , ninety-eight cases of cholera appeared in this city , from the 23 rd to the 25 th , of wliie : i fifty proved fatal . Since the re-appearance of the disease on the 5 th to the 25 th , 404 cases have been brought into the hospital , of which 202 have provtd fatal . Fifteen fresh case ' s we r e admitted on the 29 ; b , of which five persons died . There were remaining under treatment fifty : one . At Ley den t here were forty-four fresh cases on the 26 th and 27 th ; of these twenty-five proved fatal .

      ,~-—;—— M A^Pm Estoxoutjisauy Occunnexck...

      , ~ - —;—— M a ^ pM Estoxoutjisauy OccunnEXCK . —Last week as eight or nine haymakers , with their employer , were a t work in the nei ghbourhood of Swansea , a partrid ge ( the male bird ) suddenly flew out of a hedge in the meadow , and assailed successivel y the whole of the party , pecking at them as a game cock mi ght do , repeating the attack , and then returning to its nest , where it was supposed the hen bird was hatching , Oh his attacking the master , he p icked the bird np and smoothed his ruffled feathers , observing , he was a gallant -fellow to defend his famil y in so determined a manner ; but on the inspection of the nest on the following morning the appearance of tho shells indicated that the young ones had recently left them . Tho accuracy of " the above can bo vouched for .

      Ad00210

      os physical disqualifications , generative incapacity ; , and impediments to marriage . Twenty-fifth edition , illustrated with Twenty-Six Anatomi-. cal Engravings on Steel , enlarged to 196 pages , price 2 s . fid ; by post , direct from the Bstabh ' slimcnt , ds . Gd .,, in postage stamps . THE SILENT PEIEJfD ;; a medical work on the exhaustion and physical decay > o f the s y stem , oroduced by excessive indulgence , the conse-. quences of infection , or the abuse of mercury , ' with obser- rations on the mariiied state , and the disqualifications i which prevent it ; illustrated by twenty-six coloured engra- . VillgOiml by the detail of cases . Uy It . and L . PEUll \ and Co ., 19 . l ' erners-strect , Oxford-street , London . Published by the authors , and sold by Strange , 21 , Pater , noster-row ; ILinnny , C 3 , and Sanger , 150 , Oxford-street ; Starie , 23 , Ticliborue-strcet , llnymarket ; and Gordon , 146 , Leadcnliall-street , London ; J . and It . Ramies and Co ., Loithwalk , Edinburgh ; D . . Campbell , Argyll-street , Glasgow ; J . Priestly , Lord-street , and T . Newton , Churchstreet , Liverpool ; R . Ingram , Market-place , Manchester .

      Ad00211

      TRY F . KE YOU DESPAIR . HO L L O W A Y ' S TILLS CUKE OF ASTHMA . Extract ofa Letter from Mr . Iienjanmi ilackie , a respectable Quaker , dated Creenagh , near Loughall , Ireland , dated September lit !) , 18-18 . Hespected Fiiiesd , —Thy excellent Pills have effectually * cured mc of an asthma , which aiiiicted me for three years to such an extent that I was obliged to walk my room at night for oir , afraid ot'bciue ; suffocated if I went " to bed by cough and phlegm , llesiucs taking the Fills , I rubbed plenty of thy Ointment into my chest night and morning . — ( Signed ) Besjamix Mackie . —To Professor IIoi . i . oway .

      N Public Petitions.—Tho Fifty-Sixth Report Specifies Oc\Fi. Iiofl'tlftno Frttt I'Nni.Ll.F.I! It..-. 'A'..Rt • I • * «. _ ^ ~*

      n Public Petitions . —Tho fifty-sixth report specifies OC \ fi . iiofl ' tlftno frttt I'nni . ll . f . i ! it ..-. 'A ' .. rt i * « . _ ^ ~*

      P E Rsons ; 502 Against- The Marriages B...

      p e rsons ; 502 against- the Marriages Bill , signed bv 14 , 477 persons ; 25 i > for the protection of women signed by 7 , 013 persons ; and l / l-lf for avbit ' ration m lieu . of war , signed by 2-s « , { J 90 persona , KlCUAUD IkAXSUAKD LV ., ] S J , ilIne ([ j ^ ' ^ fi . jj . Governor ot Vancouver s Island , Tub Tooi-h-Ache . —This pain seems designed to call ovu ? attention to tho decoy going on . in the teeth , and warns us to see to tiwat pwuvvation . When teeth arc partiftUv d * cayed to touch them with food often causes intense nain Umnnsticatcd substances are , therefore , plied nto ^ c stomach , ami uuhgestion and its attendant nains soon prisue . Jjy lilling decayed teeth . withlluANor / s iC ^ Thieh hardens siiortly after it has been placed in the cavity the decay maybe checked , the teeth rendered \ liSand mastication be duly performed v .-it ! i ™ nfmt l wlmtib > allu ¦ ¦

      Holloway ' s riitA-Extraordinary ( Jure ' of -Whma-Jweminh Casey . residing at-So . 3 , < L ' pte ,. § a « BnmT wiek-square , had sintered from neuronic asthma for more than three ; years . 11 ns poor man was so great a sufferer , mat lie did not dare go to bod Tor feav of the phlegm cuoliing lum ; indeed , he coul d not even Lay his head upon the table for half an hour , lest he should be suffocated . Nevertheless , this person is now labouring from morning to nurhr , sleeps as well as ever he did in his life , and , in fact , is con p ' - . 'telycuved » y the usj of Holloway ' s I'jJIs anuOintincttt .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), July 7, 1849, page 2, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_07071849/page/2/