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      Gression, For America Is As H;.Rd Presse...

      Jtoib % 1851 . THE NQRTgERN STAR-- I Hno «! l ¦¦ ! ¦ — — ii II . i———i ¦ 111 ! II——^_ o

      I^Octre •Ssrlrffll

      i ^ octre SSrlrffll

      Earth's Burdens. «Whv Groaning So, Thon ...

      EARTH'S BURDENS . « Whv groaning so , thon solid earth I Tho' spri g htl y summer cheers ? Or is thine old heart dead to mirth ? Or art thou bowed fcy years V Xor am I cold to summer ' s prime , — " Jfor knows my heart decay ; Xor aw I bov ; ed by countless time , * Thon atom of a day ! I loved to list , when tree and tide Their gentle music made ; And , lightly , on my sunny side , To feel the plough and spade , I loved to hold my liquid way Thro'floods of Jiving light ; To kiss the sun ' s bright hand b y day , And count the stars by night .

      I loved to hear the children ' s glee Around the cottage-door ; And peasant ' s song right merrily - The glebe come ring ing o er . But man npon my back has Iain Such heavy loads of stone , I cannot grow the golden grain : 'lis therefore that I groan . And where the evening dew sank mild Upon my quiet breast , I feel the tear ofthe houseless child Break burning on my rest . Oh ! where are all the hallowed sweets , The harmless joys I gave ! Tlie pavements of your sordid streets - Are stones o ' er virtue ' s grave !

      And thick and fast as autumn leaves My children d rop aw a y : A gathering- of onripeaed sheaves . By prematura decay . Gaunt misery holds the cottage door ; Black sin supports the throne ; And slaves are slavish more and more : — 'lis therefore that I groan . Notes and Poems , by Ehkesi Joses

      Kernel.

      Kernel .

      An Essay On Church Reform. London:. Simp...

      An Essay on Church Reform . London : . SimpMo , Marshall , and Co . The Church Reform , propounded in this essay , is of so radical a character that we have no doubt the whole of the bishops and clergy would rather go over to Rome ia a body than accept it Only imagine a policy to repel the aggressions of the Papacy , which begins by proposing to examine our own position , and to dismiss any errors that may be discovered

      in o ar creed , or the constitution of our cnarehea ! $ or does the writer hesitate to indicate what he means by " error . " He throws overboard at the outset , the doctrines of a special Providence and original sin , and scouts the doctrine of miracles , ** or exceptions to the uniform and established course of Divine Providence . " In opposition to the supernatural , or , as the writer terms it , the superstitions theory of religion , he advocates what he calls "the natural view' * based on the following proposition : —

      Every event in which man is voluntarily concerned has two distinct causes : God is the first or producing causa , and man is the second or occasional cause . If we use the means of a physical or mental improvement , a change in conformity with tbe circumstances is effected , and tbe two causes have operated . If we are idle or vicious , the result of our conduct will be a physical and moral degradation , and the same causes have brought about the change . Again , if we sow corn , we shall reap a crop , of which God is the producing cause , and man the occasional cause . These ill * stances may represent all events in which man is concerned , and in none of these cases could there hare been a miracle or the interposition of a speci a l act of providence , or the results could not have corresponded to the known causes .

      And ho then proceeds to appl y this test of truth practically ;—This interpretation of religion renders that knowledge which interests man most to know impossible ; hence it depresses reason , and hinders the growth of the soul , and tbe object of existence . With this creed can the Christian tell us what is the cause of any event that happens to him ? Can he define what be means by Faith and Grace ? Can he tell us in what original sin consists ; and if so , where it is ? and what it is ? Can he vindicate the acts of t he Almi ghty in permitting the temptation of our first parents by a supernatnral being . In short , does bis faith admit of grading the perfections of

      tbe Deity in all their infinitude . Ignorance-must be professed on all these essential points ; hence we are not surprised that man is made out to be a being incapable of knowing anything that concerns his eternal interests . And if none of these questions can be answered , we should like to know how superstition can be known , and how the Catholic claims can be refuted . We must ever be confined exclusively to faith ; and man ' s intellect must by no means be permitted to convert faith into knowledge . These are the practical results of the theory by which the christian relig ion is at present interpreted . The science of human nature ong ht to take its place at tbe head of all the sciences , and as it includes all knowledge it is the science of sciences , Bat what is its present position ? It is the least studied and the least understood of any science . Snail the object of Creation for ever continue to be

      its riddle ! We can gnage the Heavens and ten the wanderings of the stars ; but man , the Object of all creation , is left to wander without rules of action , and without , a knowledge of the laws under which he exists . ' The materials for the science are scattered in profusion in tbe literature of Europe ; bnt that knowledge has never been gathered together , nor condensed into a system : far less has it been reduced to practical rules , and taught to the people . In these eh-cumstaoces we are entitled to say , that the science of human nature is practically , a blank in the education of man ; and to what but to the influence of superstition can we attribute this neglect , flow can human science enter into the teaching of our schools and pulp its , when princip les are held which discourage ' seff-reliaBce ? and how can * e expect evil to be reduced while superstition continues to hold its present influential position ? Here is a statement for Protestants of all

      denominations to ponder deeply : — The doctrines of Protestantism were fixed at the Reformation , when Europe was fust emerging from the darkness ofthe Middle Ages . These doctrines * ere embodied in the Articles of Faith of the different Protestant Churches , and thus religion became stereotyed , and it has ever since effectually resisted all improvement . The centuries that have since elapsed have increased knowledge tenfold ; hence while science hasgone on advancing , theology has been left behind : and the longer this false position of the Church is permitted to stand , tbe greater

      will the separation become , that exists between science and reli g ion , and between knowledge and faith . If man is a progressive being , knowled ge , both sacred and secular , most progress ; for what is man a ^ art from knowled ge ? Theology , like nature , is unchangeably true , but our knowledge of hoth is progressive . One extract more from this bold , thoughtfel , and comprehensive pamphlet , which we tordially commend to the attention of all who kke an interest in the unimportant topics of * hichit treats : —

      Sever was there a better opportunity for axmlverbl Beforination than the period of Revolution trough which we are now passing , and in which tor destinies are cast . The great powers of Eutope are in a dead lock , —a fact which adds courage ><> the bold , and fear to the timid . Tie dayofntrfed changes has gone by— Civilisation has reached &« . pointtbat it must either take a great step in * fcmce , or he hurled back . into another , "Bark % ' * Man is a progressive being , and yet the ex-P ^ ence of the past " teaches that the abase of pn-T 3 e ? eB may throw back his progretB for many oen « totes of nhfen tf » history of the Middle Ages is «» proof With these facte before aslet ns not

      . , ^ w away the present opportunity for emanci-Wing mankind . Belaya are dragerous—a few J " * lost may reader tmiversal ruin inevitable . ., France and Austria find tneir ' peopl * so unruly that they keep np enormous standing armies , which % have no means of supporting . This cannot go 50 tang . Ether Befonn or Bevolutibn most come •^ n . If ihe governments appeal to the people for ^ Mkry aid , that impliw Heformation and con-*® ons . -Then the army may be reduced . If a osadstrong govemment prefer * to fight it out ; they 2 , i « twrin g tbenavof tbe soldiers from tho pockets

      ~ w » indiBtrious peasant and artisan , which can-« o t fail to make every man inimical to the govern-5 ?* - This is the signal for Revolution , and of E " " ? en wane . Beforaatioh or Revolution is at ^ topfional—a few years more of suffering , and former is impossiblB . - Let Englahd emaBCipate herself fromjtbe tyranfry f « opersation , anQ she will not'onljsecure herself fTp the danger of Communism , bat she will break . " * chains oTEnTope ; and jnisn end-to Btropeatf ^ Potism , both moral and p hysical . ' - \ ,., N othing is more oalpabte than the loek in which ^ e has thrown England and America by her ag-

      An Essay On Church Reform. London:. Simp...

      gression , for America is as h ; . rd pressed as we are : and the fact proves that while a divided house may exist so long as there i s no aggression , it c a nnot stand when the house'is once fairly invested and attacked . If we repel the attack of Intolerance by Intolerance , we undo all that this century has already done in behalf of liberty and justice . In these circumstances our duty is plain . To reform the Church and remove error , is fo remove the cause of diasmion avro oi weakness ; and this is the only coune that an enlighten d government and a generous people can consent to . greSSion . for America is as h :. r < i nnusari aana afa .

      Pictures Of Sweden. B Y Haks Christian A...

      Pictures of Sweden . B y Haks Christian Andersen . London : Bentley . This volume seems founded on an excursion in Sweden : it is , however , rather a Swedish sketch-book than anything else . Andersen describes some of the most remarkable scenery , paints the manners and characters of the peasantry , selecting individuals as representatives of a class ; he ! also gathers up the traditions connected with a place , or the historical anecdotes relating to a building , giving the reader the cream of the matter in a

      narrative and dramatic form . Thus , for instan c e , « ' Vadstene " opens with a picture of a tnrf cottage , and an old peasant grandmother , kind and p leasant in a life of some sadness ; h & ppy in death . The reader is next carried to the old monastery , with anecdotes thrown into the form of story , of nuns with earthly lovers , who have suffered within the walls and fled from tbem , together with an outline of the life of Sweden ' s Saint Bridget . The palace of Gustavus Vasa is then exhibit e d , and some of tbe worser traits in the hero ' s life paraded for the edification ofthe reader . His selfishly cruel marriage in his dotage , the dishonour and misfortunes of some

      of his children , are exhibited , not perhaps with , exaggeration , bnt with some of the animus of a Dane , who may not in his heart of hearts forgive the liberator of Sweden the expulsion of the Danish tyrant and his troops . Occasionall y Andersen walks among the utilities , —as in his visit to the copper mine by the copper-coloured town of Fahlun ; though there he touches npon more human interests in the striking accidents that have happened in the mines . ISow and -then he handles graver topics , —as in the paper on " Faith and Knowledge ; " and sometimes be revels in pure description , mingled with fanciful or historical reverie .

      To plunge at once into the heart of this p icture-book , who but Andersen conld have given ns such a glimpse as the following of " The Midsummer Festival in Lacksand ?"Lacksand lay on the other side of the dale-elv , which the road now led us over for the third or fourth time . The p icturesque bell-tower of red pain t ed beams , erected at a distance from the church , rose above the tali trees on the clayey declivity : old willows hung gracefully over the rapid stream . The floating bridge rocked under us—nay , it even sank a little , so that the water splashed under the horse ' s hoofs ; but these bridges have such qualities ! The iron chains tint held it

      rattled , the planks creaked , the boards splashed , the water rose , and murmured and roared , and so we got over where the road slants upwards towards the town . Close opposite here the last year ' s Maypole still stood with -withered flowers . How many hands tbat bound these flowers are now withered in tbe grave ? It is far prettier to go up on the sloping bank along the elv , than to follow the straight high-road into the town . The path conducts ns , between pasture fields and leaf trees , up to the parsonage , where we passed the evening with the friendly family . The clergyman himself was bnt lately d e ad , and bis relatives were all in mourning . There was something about the young ^ . MMhiftM T frn . l « OT « n 6 n . Hi . « 1 f * 1 * Hn 4 . . 4 " « Aa t ^ , « 4 > I 31 HUrtU lb

      U » UgUM— * aucn uuv uijrocit WW—UUU A was led to think of the delicate flax flower , too delicate for the short northern summer . They spoke about the Midsummer Festival the next day , and of the winter season hear , when the swans , often more than thirty at a time , sit ( motionless themselves ) on the elv , and utter strange , m < -urnful tones . They always come in pairs , they said , two and two , and tnns they also fly away again : If one ot them dies , its partner always remains a long time after alt the others are gone ; lingers , laments , and then flies away alone and solitary . When I left tbe parsonage in the evening , tbe moon , in i t s first quarter , was up . The May-pole was raised ; the li-tle steamer , ' Prince Augustus . ' with several

      small vessels in tow , came over the Siijan * Lake and into the elv ; a musician sprang on shore , and began to play dances nnder the tall wreathed May-pole . And there was soon a merry circle round it—all so happy , as if the whole of life were but a delig htful summer night . Next morning was the Midsummer Festival . It was Sunday , the 24 th of June , and a beautiful sunshiny day it was . The most picturesque sig ht at the festival is to see the people from the different parishes coming in crowds , in large boats over Siljan ' s lake , and landing on its shores . We drove out to tbe landing place , Barkedale , and before we got out of the town we met whole troops coming from there , as well as

      from the mountains . Close by the town of Lacksand , there is a row of low wooden shops on both sides ofthe way , which only get their interior light through the doorway . They forma whole street , and serve as stables for the parishioners , but also —and it was particularly the case that morningto go into and arrange their finery . Almost all the shops or sheds were filled with peasant women , who were anxiously busy about their dresses , careful to get them into the right folds , and in the mean time peeped continually out of the door to see who came past . The number of arriving' church-goers increased—men , women , and cbildren . old and young , even infants : for at tbe Midsummer Festival no

      no one stays at home to take care of them , and so of course they must come too—all most go to church . What a dazzling army of colours 1 Fiery red and grass green aprons meet our gaze . The dress ofthe women is a black shirt , red bodice , and white sleeves ; all of them had a psalm book wrapped in the folded silk pocket handkerchief ; The little girls were entirely in yellow , and with red aprons ; the very least were in Turkish-yellow clothes . The men were dressed in black " coats , like our paletots , embroidered with red woollen cord ; a red band with a tassel hung down from the large black bat ; with darkknee breeches , and bine stockwsa . with red leather gaiters—in short , there

      was a dazzling richness of colour , and that , too , on a bright sunny morning in tbe forest road . This ro-td led down a steep to the lake , which was smooth and blue . Twelve or fourteen long boats , in form like gondolas , were already drawn np on the fl * t strand ; which here is covered with large atones . These stones served the persons , who landed , as bridges ; the boats were laid alongside them , and the people clambered up , and went and bore each other on land . There certainly were at least a thousand persons on the strand ; and far out on the lake ; one could see ten or twelve boats more coming , some with sixteen oars , others with twent y , nay , even with four-and-wenty , rowed and boat decked out

      bv men and women , every with green branches . These , and the varied clothe ? , gave to the ' whole an appearance of something so festal , so fantastically wch , as one would hardly think the north possessed . The boats came nearer , all crammed full of living freight ; but tbey came silently , without noise or telkmg , and rowed up to tbe declivity of tbe forests . The boats were drawn up oh the sand : it was a fine subject for a painter , particularly one point—the way up the slope , where the whole mass moved on between the trees and bushes . The most prominent figures there were two ragged urchins , clothed entirely in bright yellow , eaah . with a skin bundle on his snooMera . They werafrom Gagne , thepoorestparish

      in Dalecarlia . There was also a lame man with his blind wife : Ithoughtof the fable of ray childhood of the lame and blind man : the lame man lent his eyes , and the blind his legs , and so they reached the town . And we" also reached the " town , and the church , and thither they all thronged : they said there were above five thousand persons assembled there . Tbe church-service began at five o ' clock . The pulpit and organ were ornamented with flowering lilacs ; children sat with lilac-Sowers and branches of birch ' ; the little ones had each a piece

      Of oat-cake , which they enjoyed . There was the sacrament for the young persons who had been confirmed ; tbero were organ-playing and psalm-singing ; but there were a terrible screaming of children , and the sound of heavy footsteps ; the clomsy , iron-shod Pal audes tramped loudly upon the stone floor- All tho church pews , the gallery " t > ews , and the centre aisle , were quite filled with oeonle . Io the same aisle one saw various groups ~ J nkymg children and pious old folks ; by the sacristy there sat a young mother g ivin g suck to her SUhe was a living image of the Madonna herself . " -.

      The following is an Anti-Calvinistic , perhaps scarcely an orthodox "Story ; " hutitis well conceived for the wnter / s object , well and emp iricall y told : — - •; AU the app le-trees in the garden had sprung out . TBw bad made haste to get blossoms before they JntSSres ; and all the ducklings were . out P tnHiSSd-tte cat tool He was , so to m t ¦• > ^ -Zr » S k » the sunshine ; he licked it 2 ? V * SX 5 nV ¦ Sttf one looked towards the SS oneTaw Ibe cornEnding ***& ! Sn ' l AndtJere wM such a twittering andchKO

      Pictures Of Sweden. B Y Haks Christian A...

      mg amongst all tbo small birds , just as if it were a great feast . ' And that one might indeed say it was , for it was Sunday . The hells rang , and people in their best clothes went to church , and looked so ple a sed . Yes , there was something so pleasant in everything , it was indeed so fine and warm a . day , t ha t one mi ght well say , "Our lord is certainly unspeakably good towards us poor mortals . " . But the clergymen stood in the pulpit in the church , and spoke so loud and so angrily ! He Said tl » t maiikmd was so wicked , and that God » ould punish them for it ; and that when they died , the wicked went down into hell , where they would burn for ever ; and he said that their worm would never die and their fire never beextinguisued , nor would they ever get rest and peace ! -. HTinnrrjt oil . „ ill . . ..... .......

      It w . is terrible to hear , and he said it so determinedl y Fie described hell to them as a pestilential hole , where all the filtbiness of the world flowed together . There was no air except the hot sulphureous flames ; there was no bottom ; they sank and sank into everlastine silence 1 It was terrible only to hear about it i but the clergyman said it risbt honestly out of his heart ; and all the people in ttie church were quite terrified . But all the little tiirds outside the church ' sang so pleasantly and so p leased , and the sun shone so warm , —it was as if every little flower said , '" God is so wondrous good to us altogether ! " Yes , outside it was not at all as the clergyman preached . In the evening , when , it was bed-time , the clenjvman saw his wife sit so still and thoughtful . "What ails you ? " said he to her .

      " What ails me ? " she replied ; . " what ails mo is , that I cannot collect my thoughts rightly—that I cannot rightly understand what you said ; that there were so many wicked , and that they should burn eternally I—eternally , ala s , how long ! lam but a sinful being , but I could not bear the thought in my heart to allow even the worst sinner to burn for ever . And how then should . our Lord permit it ? hewbois so wondrously good , and who knows how evil comes both from without and within Ko , I cannot believe it , though you say it . " * * * * It was autumn . The leaves fell from the trees ; the grave severe clergyman sat by the bedside of a dying person ; a pious believer closed her eyes—it was tho clergyman ' s own wife .

      " If any one Snd peace in the grave , and grace from God , then is it thou , " said the clergyman , and he folded her hands , and read a psalm over the dead body . And she was borne to the grave : two heavy tears trickled down that stern man ' s cheeks ; and it was still and vacant in the parsonage : the sunshine wit ' -in was extinguished—she was gone . It was night . A cold wind blew over the clergyman ' s head ; he opened bis eyes , and it was just as if the moon shone into his room . But the moon did not shine . It was a figure which stood before his bed—he saw the spirit of his deceased wife . She looked on him so singularly afflicted , it seemed as thoug h she would say something . The man raised himself half erect in bed , and stretched his arms out towards her .

      "Not even to thee is granted everlasting peace . Thou dost softer ; thou , the best , the most pious J " And tbo dead bent her head in conformation of his words , and laid her hand on her breast . «« And can I procure you peace in the grave ?" " Yes ! " it sounded in his ear . ¦ "And howl " " Give me a hair , but a sing le hair of the head of that sinner whose fire will never be quenched—that sinner whom God will cast down into hell , to everlasting torment . " "Yes ; so easily thou canst be liberated , thou pure , thou p ious one ! " said he .

      "Then follow me , " said tbe dead ; "it is so granted us . Thou canst be my side , wheresoever thy thoughts will . Invisible to mankind , we stand in their most secret places ; but tbou must point with a sure hand to the one destined to eternal punishment , and ere the cock crow he must be found . " And swift , as if borne on the wings of thought , they were in the great city ; and the names of the dying sinners shone from the walla of the bouses in letters of fire : "Arrogance , Avarice , Drunkenness , Voluptuousness ; " in short , sin ' s whole seven-coloured arch . " Yes , in there , as I though it , as I knew it , * ' said the clergyman , " are housed those condemned to eternal fire . "

      They visit the haunts of weakness , folly , and arrogance . They observe tbe wretched miser in his den ; they see . the felons in their prison ; and the divine himself cannot doom them—nay , he stretches out his hand to save a felon even from human pain . The scene changed . They flew throug h rich halls and throug h poor chambers ; voluptuousness and envy , all mortal sins strode past tbem . A recording angel read tbeir sin and their defence : this was assuredly little for God , for . God reads the heart ; he knows perfectly the evil that comes within it and from without , He , grace , all-loving kindness . The hand of the clergyman trembled ; be did not venture to stretch it out to plack a hair from the sinner ' s head . And the tears streamed down from his eves , like the waters of grace and love , which quenched the eternal fire of hell . Tbe cock then crowed .

      " Merciful God ! : Thou wilt grant her tbat peace in tbe grave which I have not been able to redeem . " That I now have ! " said tho dead : "it was thy hard words , thy dark , human belief of God and his creatures , which drove , me to thee . ' Learn to know mankind ; even in the bad there is a part of God—a part that will conquer and quench the fire of hell . " And a kiss was pressed on the clergyman ' s lips ; it shone around him . God ' s clear brig ht sun shone into tbe chamber ; where his wife , living , mild , and affectionate , awoke him from a dream , sent . from God !

      The Girlhood Of Shakespeare's Heroines. ...

      The Girlhood of Shakespeare ' s Heroines . Tale VII . B y MaBY CoWDEN CuitKE . Smith and Son , Strand .. Ik this tale we recognise the same subtle and penetrating insight into the minute influences that form the ductile character of youth , which we have noticed in the previous tales of the series . The story , in itself , is not so stirring in its interest as some of its predecessors , but the dramatis persona are distinctly drawn and coloured , and stand out of the canvass with a clear individuality , which proves Mrs . Clarke has caug ht ranch of tbe peculiar characteristic of the Great Poet she reverently essays to illustrate .

      The following description ofthe preparations for the annual distribution of prizes to the boarders educated by the " Ladies of the Holy Petticoat , " thoug h ostensibl y applied to a fashionable convent in Padua a long time ago , is terribly suggestive as to the character of modern boarding-schools : — It was a striking feature in this display , that all works of utility were omitted . Nothing ' but f « ncy works , works that would show well , were included among those got up for tbe occasion . Of course , during the long period of preparation for a ll this , every kind of . useful lesson or solid acquirement was set aside , to give time for the heaps of show things that it was necessary to achieve .

      Nothing was to be seen but pieces of satin , and silk , taffeta ,. 'ilutestring , and brocade ; beads , coloured papers , tinsel , gilded bordering , spang les , gauze , palettes dabbed with the gaudiest of paints , drawing boards , c a rds , fillagree , br a n , embroidery , floss silks , " worsteds , wools , ribbon , ivory , shells , feathers , wax , lace , pencils , paint boxes , silver and gold wire , thread , cat gut , gum , paste , varnish , bugles , gilt foil , -muslin , tissue-paper , velvet ; all kinds of smarteries in material , —all possible variety in bits , shreds , scraps , morsels , and small quantities . . ' Arid then , by degrees , this mass of trumpery was formed , modelled , and made up . Beneath the dilig ent fingers of tbe young ladies , aided by tbe

      skill and invention of the nuns , it shaped itself into innumerable . objects of almost indescribable appearance , and of utterly indescribable and undiscoverable use ; but which were " collectively to be displayed as the works ofthe school—and' to form thaCgrand exhibition , upon which the hearts of the young ladiesandtheir parents , were so fondly fixed aa the result of their year ' s schooling , and the source of the forthcoming prizes . There were pincushions — vast numbers of pincushions—of every size and shape ; hut tbe favourite kind of pincushion was a singular fabric of crimson satm crammed with bran , . fashioned . three-c orner-wise , the two upper points of which being strained across the top and fastened together , tho whole was supr posed to form a strjking resemblance to that mys « terious organ , the human heart . This , —to be

      dangled at the . side , by a rang-ribbon , —was con . sidered a useful present to a faithful servant , or favourite nurse ; at the same time that it afforded as affecting t yp ical assurance of , the fond attachment , for home maintained ; by the young lady during her school life . Upon the whole , perhaps , the pincushionswerethe most useful objects there ; at any rate , there was a definite and specific useto which they mi ght be put . ; But for the most part , the articles constructed , ' were purposeless ; utterly devoid of any conceivable aim , or avail whatever There , were Boxes so small that they . would contain nothing ; boxes ' so : fragila that - " they / would -hold nothing ; , boxes with snch inadhesive sides , insecure handles , and limp , intenible bottoms , that they were fit tecepticles for nothing but dead flies or dust . There were heaps of artificial flovf ers , with

      The Girlhood Of Shakespeare's Heroines. ...

      SA *?**^ » ture . « the XfeB ' o Ch glaa 3 , . ase 9 . There were , waxen fiEee CUrU ' . ° , babi 8 s ' embcdded in ttJ'iad 5 S Hds TL ClQSel y" wed S ™ '" ^ boxes with & wfep ^ J ^» rf ^ rttto '» " nazienri » X " ^ * ! . and gilt tape . There wore of gS Jirta ! hi eSOnpb ^ PP ° t 0 'I * nee ! - sauan ? L 5 . ° 1 the 8 ide ' or round «* SS silk's ? * } U 0 t ? hth 0 ^ mented w ith sewi Vi 7 itl . r , mmed with coloured ribbons , and 5 m £ ' r 0 Sep , ° of Jar * 9 8 ize " a sort of withwStt ! ; - r , T e Bethlehem Stable , workedfSrte ° - boufc ' " There wero fforsted for W Ani § al 805 \ ' , witn black and white stitches embroidered rl ^^ f ^ lA ? 1 calfin ^ 6 . distance ; eves and HIfl of' l \ blue and wbite floi * » M !?! 1 'i . r ' f ** 083 ? . eks , and yellow floss sheaves nfpnrn fram ») j T ¦ """ »» uu jsiivir . uuassuesives d zed _ J . il I-

      , „„ htaSttoM » l „ 7 . .- - There * certain Sh 3 etWf ^ k - fcved - . to " 0 meant for watcn pockets ( were a watch among the family B j ^ ' » reliquaries ; these we o SKSonJl 5 « 0 MB iwMe" varieties ; octagonal , hexagonal , square , " oval , round , and' diamondtr vSlf f . ^ "K fnlled , and iwt & ffEnt Ihnn , Lj ni 8 bed ? ffwith such slender hanging ribbons , that on putting these frail and treacherous pouches to tbe use for which tbey were profoasedlv fhf & , y ateb or relic ™« disappear behind the bed s liead-SamStt on to tho floor . There were ? Vilfc ™ h ags tbafc Bould no « ^ ar anything put into them heavier or stronger than flue ; feather , ana lice , and wafer baskets , that mightn't be touched , lest they should come ungn ' mffie'd , or UDpasted , or iihfixed . And thon tbe things , by courtesy , called paintings ' . Daubs of head ! , with mouths out of drawing ,, chins awry , eyes askew , nostrils formed by a dot or a scratch .

      Poems And Notes To The People. By Ernest...

      Poems and Notes to the People . By Ernest Jones . Nob . II . and III . Pavey , Holywell-street . This new publication well deserves extensive circulation . Mr . Jones advocates the cause of Democracy in a st y le peculiarl y forcible and eloquent , and his "Poems and Notes" present every variety of topic and style for the popular reader . In the present numbers we may notice p articularl y the fine poem of " The

      Painter of Florence , " as a production which would confer honour on the most g ifted writers of the age . "The History of a Democratic Movement , " and the "Letters on the Chartist " Programme" are full of interest and instruction , while too many—thepoemscomposed by the author while subject to the murderous heart and mind wearing treatment in his solitary dungeon , to which we adverted last week , —will not prove the least powerful attraction of this periodical .

      Publications Received. Taits Edinburgh M...

      PUBLICATIONS RECEIVED . Taits Edinburgh Magazine . June . London ; Simpiin , Marshall , and Co .

      Mr. "Wyld's Model Op The Earth. The Work...

      MR . "WYLD'S MODEL OP THE EARTH . The work has been tho subject of Mr . Wyld ' s consideration for many years , and in its execution a large number of artists arid workmen have been emp loyed for more than six months . The building itself , which has long been an object of curious interest to tho passers-by , occupies the greater part of the area of tbe enclosure in Leicester-square . It'is surmounted by a lofty dome , modelled after that of St . Paul ' s , the entrance being on the north side . Passing through a hall of handsome proportions , paved with patent lava inlaid flooring , in the Grecian style , the visitor proceeds into the interior of the building , and sees spread before him and around him the model of the earth , the effect of which is extremely striking snd beautiful . In order that a

      more enlarged or comprehensive survey of the surface of the globe may be obtained , the view is taken from the interior , the delineation being on the concave instead of the convex surface . Upon entering the globe in the Antartio reg ions , as it were , the large space which the model fills cannot fail to strike the attention . Its magnitude , however , as compared with the globe itself Is so utterly insignificant , that if it were constructed upon tbe same scale for height and distance , the highest mountains upon the earth ' s surf a ce would be scarcel y perceptible , and a country like England would appear as a dead level . B y vary ing the scale in a due proportion , the elevated portions of the flobearemade apparent to the eye , and the heights and lowlands

      of our little island avo shown down td . the smallest hills and the narrowest marshes . Wherever it was practicable the hills have , been modelled from the latest surveys . In our own country the ordnance survey has been followed . The northern hemisphere being well known is very fully modelled . Amongst other portions , England , Ireland , and Switzerland , may be especially referred to for the elaborate minuteness with which they are detailed . The knots and chains of hills in the Al ps , and the springs of the Danube ,, the Rhine , and the Po ,. will also be found worthy of minute investigation , as exhibiting the wondrous works of the Almighty . That nothing may tend to divert the attention from the natural appearances which the earth's surface

      presents , thereto no writing npon the model . The sea is coloured blue , and the land of as natural a tint as possible . The great model teaches us what no man can teach—the earth ' s form a s a whole , i t s g e ner a l aspect , the relative quantities and positions of its several parts , the bearings of its hills , the flow of its great waters , and the seats of its rich dales and its barren wastes .. Here the intending emigrant may trace out his path over the great deep , and find out the spot on which his kinsmen have settled themselves on the shores of New Eng land , or amidst the gold-bearing mountains of California , the

      wilderness of South Africa , or tbe great plums of Australia . The top of the globe is made the north pole , and the bottom the south pole , without regard ^ being paid to what ia known as the inclination of the ecliptic . The width or diameter of the model is sixty feet , the g irth or circumference 188 feet , and the extent of its surface 10 , 000 fee t , The c o a le upon which the earth ' s surface is represented is ten miles to an inch horizontal , and one mile to an inch vertical . The centre of the building is occupied by a series of four circular galleries one above the other , so that every point of the wondrous panorama may be viewed with convenience and accu-¦¦

      racy , ;> . < ... ' .. ' - ¦ On emerging , as it were , from the South Pacific Ocean , throug h which we enter the interior of the globe , we have , on the immediate kit , above , the southern point of the 'African continent—the Cape of Good Hope ; and a little higher , on the ri ght hand , west , the . great Fish River , separating it from Natal . To the rig ht ofthe continent , high above , we just catch eight of the great island of Madagascar ; arid still further on , in the Ocean , the isles of France snd Bourbon , and below these , and scarcel y ' . perceptible , several smaller islands , with Kerguelen's Land . Proceeding on in the same direction we cross tbe Indian- Ocean , and- reach the mainland of New Holland , or Australia , the region on the right being Now South Wales , and that in tbe lowest extremity including Adelaide , Port Philip , and South Australia , with Western Australia , or Swan River , on the extreme left .

      On the south is Van Diemen ' a Land , and t o the right the islands of New Zealand . Further to the rig ht ; crossing tbe South Pacific Ocean , we reach the southern extremity , of the continent of America—tho . Falkland Islands lying further on , and Cape Horn immediately below . Proceeding up the staircase to the first gallery , a little to the left . is the continent of New Holland . Crossing the Indian Ocean we reach tho great island of Madagascar , with the smaller islands . of the coast of Africa , and find ourselves again on this continent , just above Kaffraria . Crossing the deserts and unknown repions of the interior , not failing to notice the large lakes in the way ; that to the right being the newlydiscovered lake . Niassa . we find amongst the islands

      in the Ethiopia . 8 « a ,-off the . western coast of South Africa , the Guano Wand , of Ichaboe , St . Helena , the Ascension Island , Ac ., and at length reach the South-American continent , in its entire length , from Patagonia to'the Isthmus of Panama , and" to the far left of this the Polynesian Islands of the Pacific . ; ; -v •'•' ¦ .. The galleryAboyethis looks upon the equator , or burning inner f the globe . * Over against the staircase are i the . great , islands of Australasia ; to the left is New Guinea ; - the other very grfint one being Borneo , in which sre Sarawak and Lfibuan on the western ; side .., Here iihp are the Spice . Islands ; and above Borneo ; the-Phillipines , Ac , while below it and leftwardtsare . the : islands of Sumatra and Java . - Passing . roatvjl the gallery , to the left ) we have- India * aoove-ug ^ ndtiome to mid-Africa , ' on each side of which are tho seats of the slave trade .

      The wide bend on its left side is tho Gulf of Guinea , above which are the English settlements of Cape Coast Castle , Sierra- £ * oneVand the Gambia . - The great chain of mountains stretching along the length of the . continent , on \ the left , is the CordiUeras , or Andes . " . _ .,:.,.... - .., ' . ,, : The third gallery opens upon the Pacific . Going totheleftare . the . PniUi ppine Islands and China , the large island of Hainan l ying off the shore ; and above the Phillipines , 'Formosa , to the , north of which are the small ; hoi . Chob' Islands , and above these the great islands oftfapan . The great inlet in the north of China } s tbeJellow . Sea , having ,, on the . right ,: the land ^ of : Corea , . a , , great headland running smith . To the left ; and below China , ' is a great land ' running out into a narrow tongue , and having the sea all round it , except towards the north , where it is hemmed in by great hills . This is the Barman Empire , In it to the right ate Xon-

      Mr. "Wyld's Model Op The Earth. The Work...

      quiii , Cochin China , and Siam ; on the narrow tongue is Malaya , and on the-left Burmafi :- Near the end of the tongue is Singapore , and oil its left are Malacca and J ? uIo Peking oi- Prince of Wales Island—all English settlements . To the left of Burmah , and on the other side ofthe Bay of Bengal is Hindoostan or India , running dovrn to a peak . Tho great island below is Ceylon . The fourth gallery , near the summit of the building . brings us close to tho countries most familiar to us North America ; Europe , and North Asia , The details of this part ofthe globe are beautifully worked put , and the visitor is enabled to trace the course of the great rivers , tbe ranges of mountains , and the line of . coast . Overhead , afc an elevation of sixty feet from the floor , are the northern frozen

      regions , where the route of the daring adventurers who have risked their lives in endeavouring to discover the north-west- passage , may be " readilv traced . The accuracy and minuteness of tho execution nro wonderful-the peculiar features anil pb ysiciftl characteristics pf the several countries are . given with tho colouring after nature . AD the numerous islands and coral reefs of the great southern ocean are laid down with the greatest precision , and the phyaical as welt as the geographical features ot the . world aro here presented with a stavthng reality . which has never before been realised , The exhibition may be rendered available in tltt rl % the P P ° of indicating the isothermal hnos of temperature , the currents ofthe great oceans , the magnetic currents and uoles ; nfitiT ^ VaIUB asa mdel f < " - illustration „ , £ n ? 0 ( iKm ew scarcely be over estimated .

      M * cPfl a . me , alono a efficient guarantee for the fidelity with which it bas been executed . Tbe lower part ofthe building has been ' fitted " up Hs a corridor and promenade geographimie , with couches , . -. nd . a _ very : extensive collect . on of maps , globes . & o . - -The style of this corridor i 8 Byzantine , to meet tho exigencies of the building , which takes a considerable curve inwards . The columns and decorations are exact models of tho AlhamWa , and we understand this is the . first attempt that has been made to introduce this style of decoration in Eng land . The corridor will be lighted with ground glass lamps , in the Moorish style . Attached io tbe building is a geograp hical library , containing a most complete collection " of geograp hical " works and maps , which will be accessible to all visitors ; and the whole will form one ofthe most interesting and perfect geographical monuments that has ever been constructed in any country ,

      Warip.Itv.Fk

      warip . itv . fk

      Viart/E Is The Only True Beauty. Bashful...

      Viart / E is the only true beauty . Bashful people frequently confound themselves by endeavouring to avoid confusion . Generosity does not cons st in giving , but in making some sacrifice in order to give . GJons . —When is money damp ?—When money is # « 8 in the morning , and wist at ni ght . Why are persons having recovered their health by the beneficial influence of sea air , like convicts ? — 'Cause they are sea-cured . Good . —If your means suit not your ends , pursue those ends which suit with your means . . St . Amant , the great chess-player , is appointed French consul at California . Character op an Habituai , Sot . — He was a man of no determination—except to tho head . — Punch .

      A Western writer thinks that if the proper way of spelling tho is " though , " ate " eight , " and bo "be a u , ' . ' the proper way of spelling " po t atoes" is po u ghteig hteaux . Appetite . —A relish bestowed upon the poorer classes , that they may like what they eat , while it is seldom enjoyed by the rich , because they may eat what they like . Competition . —The man who travels a thousand miles in a thousand hours may be tolerably quick footed , but he is nothing to the woman who keeps up with the fashions . The importations of ice from Norway during the past month have exceeded 16 , 000 tons weight ; whereas the supplies of tbe last and previous year each amounted in all to about 1 , 000 tons only .

      Gfloff is a sea term for rum and water , and originated from Admiral Vernon , who first introduced it on board ship ; he was called by the seamen , " Old Grog , " from his wearing a grogan coat in bad weather . We have artificial teeth , artificial hair , eyes , calves , hijis , noses , and artificial religion and morality . We believe that some young ladies must wear artificial heads , as we r ea d o f a y oun g lad y whose head was turned by a young man . A Whiter oh Swearing , says : — " Tbat an oath from a woman is unnatural and discreditable , and he

      would as soon expect a bullet from a rosebud . " A Parson was one day busily engaged with the hard task of persuading a miser of the blessings derived from being charitable , when the miser rep lied — " Since it is so g' > od , I wish you would bestow a little on me . " " Oh /' said the parson , " I see yours is an incurable disease . " _ of the Foreign Exhibitors says , that the principal productions of Great Britain are east win'ls , fogs , rheumatism , pulmonary complaints , and taxes ; and . that her imports are log-wood for ber port wine drinkers , and chicory for the lovers of " Old Mocha . "

      At a late trial , somewhere in Vermont , the defendant , who was not familiar with the multitude of words which the . law em ploys to make a very trifling charge , after listening awhile to the rendingof die indictment , jumped up and said : — " Them ' ere allegations is false , and that lerealligator knows it ! ' ' Hood mentions a sea toper , who never saw a flask or pewter measure that he did not inexorably seize , and ganger like , try the depth of . He had a son equally fond of potations ; on which a neighbour remarked that he took after his father . Whereupon the would-be Trinculo retorted : — " Father never leaves none to take . "

      An Ornithological Marriage . —In Edinburgh " once on a time , " tbe following ornithological marriage took place , which set the whole neighbourhood all in a flutter : —Miss / fert-rietta Peacock was espoused to Mr . Robbin S parrow , by the Rev . Mr . Daw , the bridesman being Mr . Philip Hawk , and t he bridesmaid Miss Lark-ms . . The value of the mineral products of Great Britain and Ireland are estimated at about £ 25 , 000 , 000 per annum , takina the various produc'sas nearly . as possible in their first state It has been further

      estimated by competent writers , that tbe annual value of the mineral , substances raised in tbe Briiisb . islands is equal to about four-ninths of that of all Europe . Some . years since a couide of young ladies ( who are now married and distinguished women ) , were tripping it overthe green , when the one who was behind felt to the ground . The other looked back , and seeing her companion was uninjured , laughed merrily as she said : — "Pride must be humbled . " " And a haughty spirit goeth before a fall , " retorted her companion . Lovb and Law . —A yoang lawyer who had long paid his court to a lady , without much advancing bis suit , accused her one day of being " insensible to the

      power of love . " " It does not follow , " she archly replied , " that I am so , because I am not to be won by the power of attorney . " ' Forgive me , " replied the suitor , " W , you should remember that all the votaries of Cupid are solicitors . " The Fair Sex in thb Aips . —The farmers of the U p p er Alps , though by ho means wealthy , live like lords in their houses , while the heaviest portion of a g ricul t ural labours devolve s on the w ife . I t is n o uncommon thing to see a woman yoked to the plough with an . ass while her husband guides it . An Alpine farmer accounts it an act of politeness to lend hit wife to a neighbour who has too much work , and th * . neighbour in return lends his wife for a fear days ' labour whenever requested .

      Shaws Patent I » du Robber Atr Gun . —This is an ingenious and peculiar combination of the elastic power of vulcanised India rubber and air . With an unrifled barrel 400 discharges may be made per hour , as iu that case the bullet requires no ramming down . One-quarter of a mile is its full range , and , according to a general rule for projectiles , it will do execution at one-third of the range . This is ht > tb a dangerous and useful weapon . See Jfo . 254 , Class 8 , in the Exhibition . :

      A BmvtkK Family . —In taking the late census at Otley , one of the enumerators had to record perhaps one of the most singular families io the kingdom , comprised of six individuals , father , mother , and four children ; five of this number are deaf and dumb , and have been so from their birth , namely , the mother , three sons , and a ; daughter . In other respectsfew persons could be found to surpass them ; they are . particularly lively , active , industrious , and most interesting to those who know them . r- Wake « field Journal . . ... ... ... . ..

      Lsttshs . — The number of letters transmitted by the mails in various countries , can be seen from the following fable : — ' ., ' . ' . ' .. Population Letters Per head England . 29 , 000 , 000 320 , 000 , 000 H'O Switzerland 2 , 408 , 000 13 , 600 , 000 6- « France -36 , 000 , 000 108 , 000 , 000 3-0 Prussia 16 , 500 , 000 45 , 00 , 0000 2 ' 7 Austria , 37 , 000 , 000 23 , 000 , 000 0-0 If the civilization of a country can be tested Dy us public " roads , the intelligence of a people can oe tested by tbe number of letters transmitted through the post-office . By the " above statistics , Britain stands high above all other European nations . •

      Government . — Whenever the people are worthy to reign , they will reign . Government is only the mould in which the statue of the people nvcast , and iu which it takes that form . which is best suited to its more'br ' less perfect nature . As is the . pepple so will be tbe government , and when a people complains of its government , it is only because it is unworthy to . have a better . ' This was the judgment which Tacitus passed on bis own time , and it ia still : true of our day . —Lamartme , A Wife's Rkvehob . —Lady L ytton ( wife of Sir Edward Bulwer lytton ) has brought out a new u < rol , " Miriam Sedley j" and th « e ia very little

      Viart/E Is The Only True Beauty. Bashful...

      mistake as to her meaning wlien she says : — " The greatest monster I ever heard of was one who to the in 17 ? T \ Lfora Paragon , because he spent his life whf « i . * flattM , ? B « •• «* and vicious old mother , and « l * „ V £ * , " . » ke won the prae S ! M tUWe lh r dwnhw f « rce of filial aifcc-SS Lave raet with -- ^ «? s Mrs . Bloomeh , editor of the Lill y , has adopted the " short dress , and trousers , " and says iu her paper of this month , that many of ihe women in that place ( Seneca Falls ) oppose the change ; others laugh ; others still are in favour ; " and many have adopted tlie dress . " " Those who think we look ' queer' would do well to look back a few years , to the time when they wore ten or fifteen pounds of

      petticoat and bustle around the body , and balloons on their arras , and then imagine which , cut the queerest figure—I hey or we . ffe care not for the frjflvns of over-fasfcidiousgentlemen ; we have those of better taste and less questionable morals to sustain us . If men think they would be comfortable in long , heavy skirts , let them put them on ; we Imve no objection . Wcare more comfortable without them , and so have left them off . " Primate of all England , held by the Archbishop of Canterbury , and the Primate of England , by the Archbishop of York , arose as follows :-In tbe reign oi

      Henry II . a synod was called at Westminster , at which the Pope ' s legate was present ; the two archbishops of Canterbury and York contended for precedency ; words begat blows , till at last the Archbishop of Canterbury ' s clergy pulled York from his seat to the ground , and tore his cngtile , chiraere , and rochet from his back ; the legate was put in such fear that he ran away . Next day York appealed to the Pspe , who interposed to put an end to divisions , and decreed that henceforth Canterbury should be styled "Primnte of all England , " and York , Primate of Endand . " -J / itfory of the Church of Great Britain to Ml . J

      Deautiful Hair, Whiskers ,

      DEAUTIFUL HAIR , WHISKERS ,

      Ad00318

      * J EYBBltOWS , Ac , may be , with certainty , oh . lined b y u si ng a very sm a ll portion of ROSALIE OOUrELLB'S PARISIAN POiMAUE . every morning , instead of anj oil or other preparation . A fortnight's use will , in most instances , show Us surprising properties in producing and curling- Whiskers , Hair , < tc , at any age , from whaterer cause deficient ; as also checking greyness , & C , For cl \ il « dren it is indispensable , forming the basis of a beautiful head of hair , mid rendering tlie use of the small comb un . necessary . Persons who hute been deceived bj- ridiculousijr named imitations of this Pomade , will do well to make one trial ofthe genuine preparation , which they \» iU nevur regret Pi-ice 2 s . per pot , sent post free with instructions , & C , on receipt of twenty . four stamps , by Madame COu " . PELLB , Uly . place , H ol born , London . IaroBTAST Notice . —None is genuine unless the signs * tare ' Uosalie Couphie , ' is in white letters on a red ground on the stamp round each package of her preparations .

      Ad00319

      UNOER ROYAL PATRONAGE . r \ B . LO COCK'S MEDICINES . V Small books , containing many hundreds of ^ to . perly authenticated testimonials , may be had from every Agent . The success of these medicines is unexampled , —they arfl taken with equal benefit in hot as in cold climates , and their use has consequently i xiended all over . the world , where , in every prin cipal city or town , an Agent has been established . This great celebrity has tempted many to counterfeit them in various designing wa :, s , so that it has become necessary to admonish purchasers to be very cautious , as tome shopket-pers even copy the name ( with a slight varia . tion , calculated to mislead an unguarded pewon ) , and in the form of LOTIONS , ' - PILLS , ' & c ., attempt to pass off imitations . All such counterfeits may be guarded against by simply observing . thaf . no Medicine is genuine but ' WAFERS , ' and that the words , 'DR . LOCOCK'S WAFERS , ' are on the Government Stamp outside each box .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), June 7, 1851, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_07061851/page/3/