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Northern Star (1837-1852), 7th June 1845, Edition 2 of 3, Page 7, TO MR. PROUT229 STRAND LONDON.

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    • TO MR. PROUT229 STRAND LONDON.
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      M ** 7 ' 184 5' The Worthern ¦ Star. • F

      m ** 7 ' 184 5 ' THE WORTHERN ¦ STAR . f

      Fo Ffsmm Mabtmnte.

      fo ffsmm Mabtmnte .

      Aa»8 L 'I»8 1 **" War ' At Least M ' Vor...

      AA » 8 l ' i » 8 1 ** " war ' at least m ' vords ' , ani _ -sLfl A _ -should my chance so happen—deeds ) , fjfjfcau flftall i * war with . Thoughtr nuni * i tlffl * lnear aKfiebird , who sings jffcneoito peop le by and by will be the stronger . "—Bisos

      jUIERICAN affairs . iud ii jad intended to have this week given the first > rir * > % it * of articles on the Texas Annexation and t Tcn-, i Te rritory questions , but the great length of Iamb land" article compels us to postpone this for a havti kave received copies of Young America of ogth aogtJj and May 3 rd . 'Ihe first of these papers " one one of onr articles on the recent events in erhmuerhuid , with a promise to give the rest . The 1 conj contains a report of the proceedings of the s Cfis Conference recently held in London , also ffronj from the Star . We give a few extracts from : J « % Ameri ca : — . tisofiono * lhi * B . —ThelegislatareofJIaine has passed -s of U 3 of resolutions in relation to the case of Governor : o bt » be transmitttd to other states and to the

      Pre-^ amv , among which is the following : — " That tlie state iine , tiine , by her legislature , hereby enters her sotenn jaga .- ? against the imprisonment of Thomas "W . Dorr , in cate cue prison , in the state of Rhode Island , by the 3 i % riues thereof , as unjust , illegal , malignant , and tyciaL fe-aL unbecoming tie age in which we lire , and de-3 ; f ~ g the marked disapprobation of the American & ; an ; and in the opinion of this legislature it is the unlive 4 ave only of the general government to adopt any and ifilsalami constitutional measures for his immediate * , » * , » ef- fsfsisof-ssos . —I think tfcere will be no fighting about Oreseon & on ; but should things be so managed as to bring za im figbt , let the landlords , this time , do tbe fighting iniindless men ptrfWrmed most part of the fighting of Ren Revolution , and of the last war . Those who have

      iad ^ ad most should now take their torn . Kolacklander ii t * 1 * ever fight unless on condition that he and his jrengren shall have an equal share ofthe country after the dug fan / is over . Isn't that right ? iS vjQ 0 U > CopsBtr . —The British ministry say they can -th . ;^ hing to relieve the poor , as their sufferings arise j aa < natural causes ; theymaynatajrall yteachthearisto ji i , £ . x new lesson soon . Its Its Asti-rest troubles continue , and many of j % Se » York papers are crying out for coercive wi ^ Tirts to put down the free soil fanners . Two of

      jH ^ Hofitmongers papers , the Courier and Enquirer i QConwiertial Advertiser , are actuall y attacking £ 1-ib v jury—so that the march of the aristocrats « r " ol worse even than English despotism , is be-- £ : -frgbeaotiftillj' accelerated . So much the better ; T rimerieanswill the sooner be brought to that rd . T £ & f <> r social justice which is indispensable to p -. annate their political revolution . 1 ' - . ~ : s CoxTEsxrox of the Ivdpstbiocs Classes was \ . i usable in New \' ork on the 5 th of May . "We ti ; j-nth much , interest the nest arrival .

      Kh^ Tilb, ' *Jc F'Nrhcn.—Princemetter-^1...

      Kh ^ tilB , ' * Jc f ' nrHcn . —PrinceMetter-^ 1 _ a ddressed the Austrian representatives I ,. " lourfs to recommend the discouragement , 5 c - , in tueir power , of the schism lately M "< the Church .

      Fcnv" Y Sikiu « Native.—There Is Now Liv...

      fcnV" Y SIKiU « Native . —There is now living Ha ' i w ot tue aboriginal inhabitants of ¦ > . « S « v ^ - ^ ntan orphan boy , brou ght to Vf " " ' r mer ' of Gate-beau , who went out \ f ' / " " ""a , s * nie years j » go , as the agent of ' - . V ! ' ^ , The lad is an orplian , ahd was ¦ « * , " *¦' •*•* . " Ues-pcaksbroken English , "' 0 * " * rilt 'a '^ 's as intelligent as the or-1 '"• Jsoi his age—Mrwcaftle . fatrng / . _ , _

      XUGIOUS MOVEMENT IN GERMAaT . ( From tlie Paris Consritutionnel . ) Tilst Puseyism and the debate on Maynooth agia England , an analogous movement is ' manifested - jgGenaanv-. ^ A priest , discontent and uneasy " fofflgtv ^ frying to walk in the footsteps of Luther J Calvin . Aboveall , he wages war with the Latin 2 S 2 ge , and , like Abbe GhateL he wants mass to ^ -jd in the language of the country . But M . Pjis goesniueb further , and wants to extend his re o Tto other things besides Latin . First of all , he aiods the complete abolition of confession ; next , isarriage of priests , and the unopposed marriage ~ ? -fniduals of different religions ; and * , finally , tlie

      » ifete independence , \ rifli respect to the Court of {& £ , of the German clergy , or , to speak more proi : . of the German Catholics . M . ftonge has ex' hd his principles , def e nded them , and showed is ' zt hoped for , in various discourses pronounced clidaw and other towns in Germany . A series fenphleis has been published in support of these b : declarations , and , at the present time , all the deration is engaged in the quarrel . Several skated professors have taken part forM . Konge , ph & proclaimed himself provisionally chi ef of the snan Catholic Church . Professor Hinrickh , of zt , amongst others , has published a manifesto , iibas produced the most lively sensation through ;^ imanv . At Friburg , in the Duchy of Baden , a

      • agiUbhed professor , M . Scbrdber . haspkcedliimifcthc head of tbe movement . M . itongehassuffra-- . - ^ erywhvre . wlifiTa the bishops of the different iris where they preach hasten to excommunicate . : iaatter of course , that step has been had recourse i * £ shice against M . Konge himself , and that act 'it a little contributed to give him a celebrity is he undoubtedly would not Lave acquired r . to his own resources . As in the time of £ * r . the sovereigns Intervene in the quarrel , and - r * ian one prince Is disposed to recognise the new em of M . Rongc , Primate of Germany . This saw appeals at tbe same'time to Catholics and ' slants . To the former he offers a religion , in minion , more easv , freed from auricular

      confes-: iagmentcdby the marriage of priests , and rest of many other regulations . To the Protess , JL Rong ' e presents a form of worship more ap > si than their own , and appealing more to the is ; he offers than in addition , lie says , a certain I ? shiclt would put an end to the differences now & birth to the innumerable sects that at present ^ j'rotestaniism into pieces . Thus recruits are bi in both camps . Protestants and Catholics fe-kmselvcs under the banner of M . Ronge ; and tanJard-nearcr , M-Caersky , anoth e r fugitive bile Catholic Church , serves him with effect in Uaquests . The inferior clergy are more par-| % appealed to , and in various districts they bathe opnortunitv of escaping from the yoke of

      % ityand discipline . The movement is propa-& tirouchout all Germany , and it is even penessinto ^ Austria , notwithstandingthe precautions £ iy the government to arrest its progress . The ^ journals are forbidden to mention the name I Range and of his adherents ; the police aud the 3 fiiup aid each other to crush tbe new doctrine it ted . The King of Hanover prosecutes it as • aMrarckieal , aud the Kingof Bavariaas couimtt-: Ik German Catholicsof Saxony haveaddressed sstto the Minister of Worship , and call on the ^ fiovernmentto askBavariafor explanations on aasares wniehsheproposes taking ; and they defy 'Parian Government to find a faace of com-^ in their doctrines . In his last discourse ,

      % bas given his partisans notice to prepare for « stjou . It appears , in fact , that Austria in-* proposimr to the Diet severe measures . In : ' $ mss , th e t e mporal p ower has sho w n its e lf > « t In Prussia , Saxony , and other States of ^ nnanic Confederation , the authorities , without Mf apiToving of the reforms proposed by 31 . ? ' , tlumv no obfctaele in the way of their discus--M the ltottgists or Separatists are making -iWgressui Kreslaw , Leipsie , Berlin , MaAge-~ i- Uildesbehu , Frankfort , Mentz , Offembach , U * (' ermaii press , in seizing on the question , - ¦& apredh-ious activity ; and special publica-> Mbied to propagate * the new doctrine , arc ^ audin m \*\ dmWe numbers in every part of

      - ^ J- ' Ihe Biformc , the organ of the faennan ^ lwdv , which is published at Berlin , lias , it d . wariv am subscribers . The last catalogue •¦• 2 ir of Leipsie contains the names of upwards ' amphlcts and works approving of , or con-^ thenew German Catholic Church ; andraiely -fetion so pGwerfblly agitated both the minds ^ iis men , and of those persons who ^ re least " ^ fceii to meddle with matters of theology . ' ^ V discussions arc not the only things , * cf . Evervwliere , the material means of ^ g the worship of the new church are being *** d ; aud at atecent meeting , not only the dog-^ the doctrine were canvassed , but the temporal ^ i > f the churchand they did not separate

      , ^ tmlrihg was arranged to the safafaction of ' -miiers " Dr . Wfcard presided over the meetht iicute , Frankfort , and the towns ofthe * » f Hesse , manifestations of the same kind : "*» wii place ; thev are in general favoured by tUl * 5 '« l powers , and several Governments seem fliw . . into tbe views of the Reformer of [ - *•• 'lie archbishops and bishops employ spi-* . n M * oppose the movement , but , as always / . « such circumstances , the thunders ofthe . ^ tuiiain without effect , or , to speak more cor-; -lU-v m x xrxe t 0 extend the schism , and bei : Vrt < nii " min 2 motive for all that remained *" ¦ but , on the other hand , the importance

      . * awl-mint must not be exaggerated . Ger-: ; " *«« ihe HeforniatioH , has always been agi-. ' . ? Visions questions . The Governments find •*« , ' , ] ,. , for ] u f ] . ueof politics , the doctors ;' ) - "is * - to theolosrv : Germany is , therefore , , " land of uligious sects . All kinds of fan-Z . ? k * prosper there ; the Rappists . the J ' . -41- 1 'ittbts , and a thousand other varieties , ? . ' «* the reunions domain of Germany . Ihe •^ w * no t an absolutelv new p henomenon , j , - l » "na additional chanter in tbe canons i" "ligious transformaiions in (" ennany : - „ . "y ;* Jll not be the least celebrated of the J ? . * Wmwm . who demand a pidg in the ^ -ucl annals of their country .

      The Land! -Ntlda That Land Was Many A Ma...

      THE LAND ! -ntlda that land was many a malcontent , » no curs d the tyranny to which he bent The soil full many a wringing despot saw , » ho work'd his wantonness in form of law . a i , £ y ° ' * WK am * ' ! S whom equality ^^ w la sess everything they wanted where thev possessed the 2 ^**« t ^ s- ™ Uthey PursufaddiTiona wealth or territory ? Jfo man can cultivate more than a certamportionof laud . "— adtfiriti . -

      > o one is able to produce a charter from heaven , or iXS ™ SSS part ! cular poss ™ t ,, an L ! s " There conld be no such thing as lauded propertv onginally . Man did not make the earth , and , though he had a natnralnghtto occup . w it , he had no right to locate as ftw proper ^ va . perpetuity any part of it ; neither did the Creator of the earth open a land office , from whence the first title deeds should issue . ** — Thomas Paine . Tbe land shall nbt be sold for eter . —Moses . " There is no foundation in nature or in natural law why a set of words upon parchment should convey the nonunion of land . " --Blackstone .

      «« The land or earth , iu any country or neighbourhood , with everything in or on the same , or pertaininB thereto , belongs at all tunes to the living inhabitants ofthe said country or neighbourhood in an equal manner For there is no living but on land and its productions consequently , what we cannot live without , we nave the same property in as in our lives . " — Thomas Spence . "Thelandisthepeople ' sinberitance ; andkings , princes , peers , nobles , priests , and commoners , who have stolen it from them , held it upon the title of popular ignorance , rather than upon any right , human or divine . " —Fearons O'Connor .

      "My reason teaches me that land cannot be sold . The Great Spirit gave it to his children to live upon , and cultivate , as far as is necessary for their subsistence ; and so long as they occupy and cultivate it , they have the right to the soil—but if they voluntarily leave it , then any other people have a right to settle upon it Nothing can be sold , but such things as can be carried away . " —Black Sawk . " Every individual possesses , legitimately , tte tfcijio wtacfa his labour , bis mtelligence ( or more generallv ) , which his actitjtg has created . * ' This principle is ineontestible , and it is well to remark that it contains expressly an acknoivledmnen t of the risfct

      of all to tie soJ- For as tne soft has not been created by man , it allows tram tie fundamental principle of property , that it cannot belong to any small portion of tlie human race , who nave createdit by their activity . Xct us then conclude that the true theory of property is founded on the « creation ofthe thing possessed . ' " —Fourier . " If maa has aright to light , air , and water , which no one will attempt to question , he has a right also to the land , which is just as necessary for the maintenance ol his subsistence . If every person bad an equal share oi the soil , poverty would be unknown in the world , and crime would disappear with want "—Mike Walsh .

      As the nature and wants of all men are alike , the wants of all must be equal ; and as human existence is dependent on the same contingencies , it follows that tht great field for all exertion , and the raw material of all wealth , tte earth , is tbe common property of all its inhabitants . ' * —John Francis Bray . " What monopoly inflicts evils of such magnitude as that of land ? It is the sole barrier to national prosperity The people , the only creators of wealth , possess knowledge ; they possess industry ; and if they possessed land , they could set all other monopolies at defiance ; they would then be enabled to employ machinery for their own benefit , and the world would behold with delight and astonishment the beneficial effects of this mighty engine , when properly directed . " —Author of the "Iteproof of Brutus . "

      The Proposed "Amendment" Of The Scottish...

      THE PROPOSED "AMENDMENT" OF THE SCOTTISH POOR LAW . —THE LAST ACT OF THE GLEN CALVIE "WEEDING . " T he st a t e m e nt s we ha v e alread y p ublished from the Times , furnished by that journal ' s very able " assistant commissioner , " will h ave made known t o our English readers something of tiie deplorable condition of their northern brethren—a condition which exceeds anything , however appalling , yet witnessed in tills part of the island . Our readers will have seen that human beings , destitute , aged , and irieodle & s , ar e lef t to subsi s t in what wa y the y ma y u p on su c h sums as sk shillings and three halfpence , five shillings and elevenpence , and even four shillings , ayear ( : } , which , reduced to weekly items , give about three half-pence , one penny farthing , and something

      less than a penny a-week ! Many only get half-aeroun a-year , or a halfpenny a-iveek , to live on ! But even th ese misera b le sums a re mostly subscri be d , not by tiie landlords , bat by the poor themselves for their still poorer neighbours . In nearly all the parochial di s tr ic ts the principal s ource of the r e lie f f und i s the collections made at the church doors , the heritors or landlords insomep lacescontributin g amiser a bl e s um in addition . Bnt in many parishes the heritors contribute nothing , leaving tho entire burden of the sup-Eort of the poor upon those who , many of them , are at one step above the recipients ofthe relief . Thus , i n the d istri c t of Croick , in which there are

      twentysev e n " paupers . " How many " poor" there are , not recognised " p aupos , " we are not told . For their support the seven heritors , who divide the district between them , and derive [ plunder ] a total rental ol £ 2000 , give—noUdng . Thev sever cave one farthbg ! In the parish of Assynt , of which the Duki of Sutherland is sole heritor or landlord , there are fifteen hundred people ; they are nearly aU poor—very poor ; but the very poorest , " the feeble and the agee who can do n o thin g , " are seventy in number . There is collected in Kirk Session for these poor people from £ 11 to £ 18 ; to this the Duke adds the sum of £ 0 annually ; while from that parish alone he collects a r ental of £ 3000 a-year !

      In ihe third- letter of the correspondent of the Time s ( Lett e r Lin last Saturday ' s Star ) is given a list of different individuals the writer visited ii : Sutherkndsliire . withtueparticulars of their wretched condition . They were mostly women , and we be-, the reader to mark the names of the poor creatures , we give them just in the order in which they will bi found in the writer ' s letter : —Ann Campbell , Ellen Gazebos , Fassx Mubrat , Jaset Mukbo , CatherisIc Gordon , Ejjza Ross , Asbkewisa Mackie { Km M'Leod , Margaret Gret . The reader , who is familiar with the writings of Scorr , and the lyrics oi Burns and other Scotch poets , would , were he unac quainted with the painful circumstances connecteit with tiie persons who bear the above names , niosi likely conjure up in bis imagination visions of plaidctlasses treadin g the mountain heat h er , bare-footed but not bare-clad , health and beauty their attendants , and love and joy their companions . Alas ! what difference is there between the romance and tht

      r e ality of Hi ghland life . The very reverse of this imaginary picture is the real state of the women whose names are given above . ^ Instead of buoyant y outh , we see enfe ebl ed , decr e p id , sightless , and imbecile age—age made seven-fold wretched by the dreadful destitution in which the last lingering day * , of these poor creatures are permitted to be spent The writer in the Times avers that lie never saw human beings in a lower state of degradation and wretchedness . We have called attention to theii names . "What ' s in a name ? " it may be asked . Much sometimes . The noble names of these pooi Highland women lead the memory back fo tales of Hi ghland chivalry and Highland devotion ; of what the clansman did and suffered for his chief , and thi ' glory and safety ef tbe house whose name he bore . But they remind us also of the black ingratitude ot the chiefs , the persecution and extermination they have waged against the children of the soil , the dark deeds which , for the last fifty years , render infamous tlie records of Highland landlordism .

      The tyranny charged to the account of these Highland landlords equals anything , however atrocious , im p uted t o the Emp e r o r of a ll th e Ruffi a n s , Nicfloi ^ liimself . Wepassby , justnow , theatn > cities charged against the Duke of Sutherland . Of him and his deeds we shall speak hereafter . Not only at times a re entire families , numbering , in the aggregate , hundreds of individuals , swept from the face ofthe earth—" weeded out , " as in the Glen Calvie case , but the most fiendish and remorseless persecution is also waged against individuals who exhibit anvthing like independence of spirit or humane feelings . Witness the case of the miller who , on applying to his landlord to do something for a poor woman who bad been driven from net holding , wasumiselt leaf with a stick from his tyrant ' s door ; and this

      brutality was followed up by the poor man and his aged mother being suddenly turned out of their house a nd mill , in the midst of a winter ' s night , with the snow upon the ground . This man , and his father and grandfather before him , had for a « reat number of vears , rented the mill of the heritor . When unfortunate creatures are starring to death , and , to save their lives , desire to be placed on the pauper-roll , they cannot , in many cases , get t h eir neighbours t o sign the petition , the poor people ( who are tenants at will ) being afraid , if they append th e ir names , of being driven from their own homes Well may the correspondent ofthe Times exclaim , " here is * a kind of slavery ten times worse than that which for so long a period disgraced Britain . " The persecution wa g ed aga in s t the " Fre e Church "

      has been also most infamous . Not only have the Free Church congregations—comprising , we believe , in the Highlands , not less than three-fourths of the population—been refused sites of ground on which to build churches—which is the case wherever the autocratical Duke of Sutherland rules—but in many places the adherents to that Church have been pitylesslv persecuted for clinging to their ministers . One heritor alone has turned away from houses and lands , a u d s e rv ice and em p loyment , no less than between fiftv aud sixtv persons , because they would not renounce the Free Church . We are no admirers of the Free Church ministers—a gloomy , dogmatic , mgotted theocracy : but with their single-hearted , cons c i e ntious , suffering congregations we have every be

      svmpathv . Thev are the assertors of what they - lieve to b e a righteous principle . They demand the simp le ri ght of being allowed to worship the Godot their fatheis after the manner that their own convictions dictate—and despots of the blackest dye are those who interfere with their sacred right so to do . Yet , for doing this , men , women , and children have been driven from theirhomes . Onepregnantvtoman , turned out of her house when at the point of labour , brought forth her child on the bare , cold earth ; and a woman of seventy years of age , a widow , who was expelled from her cottage , and b ad tak e n refug e m a bani , was driven from that refuge by order of the heritor—" weeded out" on a cold , rainy night , with no v-ace of rest left her but the hill-side ! Such are the hellish crimes of Highland landlords '

      The Proposed "Amendment" Of The Scottish...

      , 2 r mLTiffl !! rt re 8 pectuig the treatment of the poor musfcsufficefor the present : come we now to the law provided for their relief , which , when tkuaet Sft ' flS 1 sometimes , as we have seen , munificently afford them the magnificent sum of half-a emm « year ! The provisions of this law were explicitly stated m one of the letters given from the T , mesm last week ' s Star ; a reference to that letter wm show : — 1 st . That by an Act passed in the rehm of . !«« . »

      :-, « * ) tland » the magistrates and justices were authorised , to tax the inhabitants of parishes accordiw to their substance , to such am o unt as mi g ht b e sumcient to sustain the poor . 2 nd . That by a proclamation of William and Mary , the ministers and elders ( the Kirk Session ) were to meet twice a year to levy an assessment for the proper support of the poor , one-hdf to be paid bv the heritors , and the other half by the householders ofthe parish ; the relief to be distrihuted to the poor by two overseers .

      3 rd . A subsequent proclamation of the same reign makes the magistrates a party to the assessing of the heritors and inhabitants generally for the support ot the poor , and the sheriff is ordered to fine aildetanlters double the sum they neglect to pay . 4 th . It has been settled in practice that heritors , although not inhabitants of the parish where their property lies , may be assessed for the support of the poor ofthe parish . 5 th . It has been decided in the highest court in Scotland—the Court of Session—that refusal of relief , or adequate relief to a proper object is illegal , and the wrong done may be redressed by the Supreme Court commanding the heritors and Kirk Session to grant adequate relief . Our Scottish readers will do well to turn to the case of Elizabeth Dvscasv . tho Heritors and Kirk Session of Ceres , g iven in our l a st , from the Times . In giving judgment in this case , Lord Jeffrey , one of the judges of the court , said : —

      If anything is clear in law , nothing seems to me so clear as that the poor of tbis country have a legal title to needful sustenance . Indeed , at common law , if a man has not forfeited his rights , I should think he has a good right to needful sustenance , which is only , in other words , a right to live . This right , I suspect , lies a little deeper than the right of property itselfj but I don't go into that ! We agree with Lord Jeffrey that the natural rights of man—the first of which is the right to liveis even better founded than the right of property ; but his Lordship says , "I don ' t go into that . " Of course not : such an inquiry would not be a very safe one for Lord Jeffrey ' s " order . " We thank him , how e ver , for th e admission he ha s mad e ; an d we b e g to tell him that the inquiry he declines going into , we will , before we have done with this subject , go into for him .

      On the 2 nd of April last the Lord Advocate introduced the Government measure for the amendment of the existing law . We have not seen the bill , nor any abstract of it , except what appeared iu the report of the Lord Advocate ' s speech ; that report we here tepruvt . We do so that our Scottish readers m a y hav e all the inf o rm a ti o n we c an a ff o r d th e m on asubjectso materially connected with their well-being . The following is the abstract of the Act as reported in the Lord Advocate ' s address : — Tbe Lord Advocate described the present state of tbe lawin Scotland relative to the relief of thepoor , showing that thetwostatutes—one passedin 1579 , and the other in the reign of William and Mary—on which that law rested , made provision for the infirm and debilitated poor only ,

      and not for the able-bodiedpauper , whom want of employment or other causes might have plunged into distress . In explaining to the house the Scotch law of settlement , he stated that in Scotland settlement arose from four causes only—namely , from birth , from parentage , from residence , aud from marriage ; and that , when once acquired , it could not be lost until another settlement was acquired in another parish . He explained that the funds for the relief of the j cor were obtained from contributions made every Sabbath at the door of every parish church in Scotland , from voluntary contributions made at other times , from sums mortified for the use of the poor , and from assessments on landward parishes , and on largo tonus , levied at stated times , and under various conditions . The law did not prescribe' that the

      relief given to thepoor should be given in any pastKolav form : it only declared that it should be given for their needful sustentation . The poor had a statutory right to relief in some parish . In every parish there was an administrative body armed with power to afford relief ; and if that body did not perform its duty in a satisfactory manner , tbe courts of law were armed with power sumcient to compel them . There existed , therefore , under the present law a right to relief , funds to administer relief , obligation to provide relief , and power to enforce that obligation . In Scotland no parish was bound to relieve a pauper except that where he had a settlement . It might be rery distant from the parish in which be was suffering under destitution , and if he went to it he might on his arrival find his right to relief

      resisted . Supposing that to be the case , he had no mode of redress , except by an appeal to the supreme courts of Scotland . He ( the Lord Advocate ) proposed that in future the pauper should be relieved from these difficulties , and that he should obtain relief in the first instance in the parish where he happened to be when the necessity / or relief fell upon him . He further proposed -hat the parish which sought to relieve itself from that burden should be liable to afford linn relief until it had established tbe right of another parish to relieve him . By this arrangement the pauper would obtain relief immediately . He further proposed , that if the parish in shwb . too pauper was , refused to relieve him , he should not have occasion to apply to the supreme courts , but that the sheriff of the county in which the parish was should

      have the power to decide on the right of the pauper to be admitted' to relief . If the sheriff decided in favour of the pauper , and if the parish appealed against his decision , lie proposed that in that case the parish should relieve him until an adjudication was made on the appeal . The pauper having thus obtained his admission on the roll for relief , the next thing was to provide for his obtaining relief adequate to his necessity . To secure this object he proposed that there should be in each parish a party to attend to the wants of the poor , who should keep a list of all applicants to him for relief , and a record of the manner in which the application was met , and relief administered . He also proposed that there should be a central authority , to whom all those lists and records should be sent . That would keep public

      attention alive to the subject ; and that consideration brought him to the question , what was to be done in case the local authorities neglected their duty i It was quite evident that it was for the interest of all parties that the right of appealing to the supreme courts should be placed under regulation and control . ' For that purpose he proposed to constitute a board of supervision , consisting of nine persons . Three of its members should be appointed by the Crown , and one of them should be paid for the performance of his duties . The other six members should be e , r officio members of the board . He proposed that one of them should be tbe Lord Provost of Edinburgh another the Lord Provost of Glasgow , and a third the Solicitor-General for Scotland for the time being . The three other members should be thfcskcriffc of thrse

      important counties in Scotland—namely , of Perth , of Koss , and of Renfrew ; and to each of them he would make a small annual allowance in addition to . their present salaries . Having a board of this mixed character , he would new state how he would make it useful in controlling the right of appeal to thecourts of session , which he considered to be injurious at present both to parishes and to paupers . If the parochial board should give to any pauper aliment which he deemed insufficient , the pauper sh » uld state it to the board of supervision . If the board of supervision should concur witli the parochial board in considering it sufficient , then he proposed that that judgment should be held conclusive ; but if the board of supervision should think that injustice had been doue the pauper , then he proposed that their opinion should be sufficient to enable

      him to plead in forma pauperis betbre the court of session , aud the board of supervision should determine what amount of relief the pauper should receive , and that amount he should be entitled to receive until his litigation -with the parish , was determined . Considering the constitution of the board of supervision , in which there must always be some eminent lawyers , he thought it most probable that the parishes would generally acquiesce in its decisions ; but if they did not , he left them at liberty to litigate the matter in the ordinary courts of judication in Scotland . He then proceeded to describe the construction ofthe local boards of relief . He proposed to extend the period which gave a legal settlement ftom three years to seven years ; aud in cases of removal , he provided that the parish alimenting the pauper should , when his right parish was ascertained , give notice ot the fact to

      that parish , and should be at liberty , after a given time , to send him to bis proper parish at the cost of that parish . With respect to providing funds for the poor , he did not think it necessary to make it compulsory on the local boards to assess the inhabitants . If the funds ware sufficient , the pavtws swgbt vaisethem among themselves , as they defined most fitting ; but if they were insufficient , power should be given to raise them by assessment . He then proceeded to describe the powers which he gave to the different boards iu order to provide education for the children ofthe poor , medical relief for such of the poor as were sick and infirm , and refuge iu asylums for such of them as were lunatic and distract . He also gaie power to the tonus to erect workhouses and to assess tlie inhabitants for tlie money necessary to erect them ; but he did not make it compulsoiy upon the tonus to erect such buildings .

      The above abstract is rery imperfect , but it is the only one we have at hand . The proposition to relieve the " pauper" without regard to whether , when wanting relief , he might be in his own parish , w o uld be a good ore provided it were made absolute : but the parish board may refuse relief ; in which case the pauper" will have to apply to the sheriff of the county , who may decide in favour of the pauper , and then if the parish board appeals against the sheriff's decision , the board must , until the dispute is

      adjudicated on , supply relief to the applicant . But consider the situation of the pauper while waiting the decision of the sheriff . Suppose the poor man in the county of Ayr , suppose him to be at New Cumnock , or Muirkirk , when requiring relief ; suppose his appeal to be rejected , and that he is compelled to apply to the sheriff , if the sheriff resides in the town of Ayr or its neighbourhood : in that case the "pauper " would have to walk from the former place above twenty miles , and from the latter nearly thirty miles ; or if the appeal to the sheriff be permitted in writing

      The Proposed "Amendment" Of The Scottish...

      he may not be able to write ; but even if he can write , time must be allowed for his appeal to reach the sheriff , and for the return of an answer ; in the meantime the poor creature , while tramping to Ayr , or siting an answer to his appeal , mav die of starvation . # One of tho most ob je cti o nable features of the bill is the virtual abrogation ofthe right of appeal to the Supreme Court of Session . On this portion of the bill wc guotc the following comment from the Ttmn . with every word of which we concur j—

      Ihe construction of the Hoard of Supenision , or in other words , another batch of Poor Law Commissioners with their powers and authorities , occupies tlie first fourteen clauses in the bill . The powers of this irresponsible body are ample for inquiry and deliberation , but utterly worthless for action or redress . They are , indeed directed to make an annualreport to " one of her Majesty's principal Secretaries of State on the condition of the poor , " and tbis comprises nearly the whole of their active and positive duty ; but they have another duty assigned to them , of an anomalous character—the duty of acting

      as turnkeys on the Supreme Court of Appeal , the Court of Sessions . At present the poor have a right of appeal ( which is just beginning to operate equitably ) against the mockery of relief awarded by heritors and Kirk Sessions ; the Lord Advocate ' s Board of Supervision is to be vested with power to lock the doors ofthe Court of Sessions against such intruding claimants , and entirely shut them out from any chance of obtaining redress on appeal . This audacious attempt to procure the authority of Parliament for such a fraudulent and unconstitutional proceeding is set forth in the bill as follows : —

      Be it enacted , that it shall not be competent for any court oflaw to entertain or decide any action relative to the amount of relief granted by parochial boards , unless the Board of Supervision stall previously have declared that there is a just cause of action . This contemplated outrage on the established right of the poor is one of the Lord Advocate's contrivances fcr improving the administration of relief under a Poor Law which imperatively directs that the pool' » rC to DO Supplied With "««<*/ iil sustentation : " The construction ofthe local board is not stated in the abstract ofthe Lord Advocate ' s s p eech ; we find it , how e v e r , set forth in tho Times , and here give it , together with the comments of that paper , with which we entirely agree ;—

      " In every landward parish in which the funds requisite for the relief of the poor shall be provided without assessment , the parochial board shall consist of the heritors' and Kirk Session of such parish ; and in every landward parish in which it shall have been resolved , as hereinafter provided , to raise the funds requisite for the relief ofthe poor by assessment , there shall be added to tho heritors and Kirk Session of such parish , in manner hereinafter mentioned , such number of elected members as shall be fixed by the Board of Supervision ; and such elected members , together with tte " writers and KM Session , shall constitute the parochial , board of such parish : provided always , that it shall be competent for any heritor to appoint , as heretofore , by a writing under his hand , any other person to be his agent or mandatory to act and vote for him . "

      Thus , where there is no assessment for the relief ofthe poor , the heritors and Kirk Session are to retain their power , under the appellation of a "Parochial Board ;" and where there is an assessment , their authority is to be abated with some persons elected by themselves and the other ratepayers . Now , as the Lord Advocate ' s bill docs not provide for a compulsory assessment , and as it rests with the heritors and Kirk Session to determine whether there shall be an assessment or not , it follows that they are to have the power of retaining and perpetuating that administrative . authority which they have generally so grievously abused . Even in cases where there is an assessment , the only change would be , that a few persons elected by the ratepayers would be incorporated in the " Parochial Board , " where they would not only be powerless against the resident heritors and Kirk Session , but would be liable to be utterly swamped at any time by the proxies of a body of absent heritors .

      Ihe main defect of the present law—the want of a compulsory assessment for the poor—is not " amended" in the Lord Advocate ' s bill . In introdu c in g th a t mea s ure , he i s r e p o rt e d to have said , " He did not think it requisite to make it compulsory u p on all parishes to assess themselves . If the funds were provided—ifthe poor didreceive sufficient reliefit was a matter of no general importance in what manner they were so provided . The parties interested ought to be allowed to raise the necessary funds in the manner most agreeable to themselves .

      Now , the manner o f raisin g the necessar y fun d s "mostagreeaafe"tothe heritors has hitherto been not to raise them at all ; and the Times well remarks , "What they did g ive mu s t h a v e b een the measure of their liberality , and of th e ir sens e of j ustice , too . And if we are still to trust to that liberality and sense of justice , what authority have we for assuming that it will be more operative for the future than it ha s hit he rt o been , especially as there isa premeditated desi g n to close t he Court of A ppea l a g a i nst starvin g claimants ? " The Times adds : —

      But the Lord Advocate declared in Parliament , in support of his proposition , "that ( here was in many parts of Scotland a great reluctance to the assessment . " A great reluctance to the assessment ! To be sure there is ; but what , in the name of common sense , has that to do with the matter ? Let the Legislature once admit the principle that such reluctance is to be considered a valid reason for relinquishing compulsory payments , and who would give one per cent , for Consols ? What would be the market price of arcnt * bnrge of £ 500 per annum , or a rent-roll of £ 50 , 000 a-yeas , payable on that voluntary system which the Lord Advocate would adopt for the

      relief of the poor ? Reluctance to submit to an equitable apportionment of a just demand urged as a plea by a lawyer ! Why , if it were not for such reluctance , laws would be little better than speculative impertinence . If men can be safely left to the promptings of their own will to do that which is strictly just , the statutes may be made a bonfire of . But the very object for . which laws were framed is to oppose authority to reluctance—to banish mere self-will from the agency of human affairs , and to place all , both rich and poor , equally under the restraint of a sovereign justice , paramount to all will , and armed with authority to coerce reluctance .

      It will be seen that power is given to towns toercct w orkhouses , and to assess the inhabitants for the money necessary to erect them . Against the -workhouse system we protest in tolo : and we hope that the people of Scotland will also protest against it universally . Let them declare in a voice of thunder that they will have no Poor Law bastiles in Scotland . We fear very much that unless the people of Scotl a nd be stir them se lve s , this bill will only make b ad worse . The asscssmentof the working classes , which will be nearly sure to follow in all towns where rents are high , aud the institution ofthe abominable workhouse system , will make this bill a measure of oppression instead of redress , and but add to the misery and discontent at present existing . Our own notion

      of a Poor Law for Scotland would be—in its main features—no workhouses ; the right of relief to the aged , infirm , and destitute made absolute ; relief to be apportioned with regard to age , sex , number of family , and where located ; a compulsory assessment , payable mainly by the heritors , and partly by all others ( not being landlords ) subjected to the income tax , rates to be levied in proportion to income . The poor have too long kept thepoor : it is only rig ht that the rich should now have a spell . Turn-about ' s fair play . We hope the peop le o f S co tl a nd will consi de r thi s bill , hold public meetings to discuss its provisions , and use every means at their command to procure , if po ssible , the " amendment '' of the Lord Advocate ' s " amended" Poor Law .

      We now come to the last act of the Glen Calvie " weeding . " The foUowing appeared in the Times of Monday last : —

      TQE CLUARASCE AT G 1 EJ . CALVIE . Ardguy , near Tain , Kossshire , May 27 . I returned to this place for the purpose of witnessing tho sequel of the clearance of the poor Highlanders out of Glen Calvie , an account of which I sent you some days ago . It will be remembered that eighteen poor cottiers living in Glen Calvie , near here , the legal process for turning them out of their homes having been completpd , gave bond peaceably to leave on the 24 th , after which the value of their stock was to be given to them , and they might go where they listed . It will also be remembered that these eighteen families , consisting of ninety-two individuals , supported themselves in comparative comfort , without a pauper amongst them ; that they owed no rent , and wire ready to pay as much ns any one would give for the land , which they and their forefathers had occupied for centuries , but which it seems is now to be turned into a sheep-walk .

      Were any such clearance attempted in England , I leave you to conceive tiie excitement which it would be certain to create— -the mob processions , the effigy bumings , and the window smashings , with which every instigator and instrument in so heartless a scene would be reminded that there are principles of action which are thoug ht more honourable , more worthy , and which make living amongst ous fellows more pleasant , than mere money-grubbing . These poor Highlanders , however , apart from their naturally mild and passive nature , havo been so broken in sp irit by many such scenes , that not a murmur , not a remonstrance , escaped them in the completion of this most heartless wholesale ejectment .

      I drove over on Sunday to the parish church of Croick , which is near Glon Calvie . Close by the bridge leading to the g h-ii the whole of these poor people , and the inhabitants of one or two neighbouring straths , were assembled to hear one of their ciders read the Psalms to them . They numbered about 250 per \ ous . They were all seated in the Gaelic fashion , on the hillside , in a circle , facing the officiating eider ; the women all neatly dressed iu net taps , aud wearing scarlet or plaid shawls ; the men wearing their blue bonnets , and having their shepherd ' s plaids wrapped round them . This was their only covering , and this was the Free Church . There was a simplicity extremely touching in this group on the bare hill side , listening to the psalms of David in their native tongue , aud assembled to worship God—many of them without a home . I drove on , and went to the Established Church . The service was partly in Gaelic and partly in English , but the congregation was miserably thin . There were but ten persons besides the minister in the church . Behind the church , in the churchyard , a long kind of booth was erected , the roof formed of tarpa wling stretched

      The Proposed "Amendment" Of The Scottish...

      over poles , the sides closed in with horse-cloths , rugs , blankets , and plaids . On inquiry I found that this was the refuge of the Glen Calvie people . They had kept their word , and saved their bondsmen . Tlie old pensioner of 82 years of age , whom I mentioned in my last account , had special -permission to remain in the glen , it being believed tUat % is removal would kill him . Another family also , engaged on the Duke of Sutherland ' s fisheries , had permission fo continue occupants of their cottage . With these exceptions the whole of the people left the glen on Saturday afternoon , about eighty in number , and took refuge in this tent erected in their churchyard . Their furniture , excepting their bedding , they got distri . buted amongst the cottages of their neighbours ; and with their bedding and their children , they all removed late on Saturday afternoon to this place of temporary shelter . In my last letter I informed you that they had been round to every heritor in the neighbourhood , and twelve out of the eighteen families had been unable to find places of shelter . With the new Scotch Poor-Law in prospect , cottages were everywhere refused to them .

      I am told it was a most wretched spectacle to see- these poor people march out of the glen in a body , with two or three carts filled with children , many of them mere infants ; and other carts containing their bedding and other requisites . The whole country side was up on the hills watching them as they silently took possession of their tent . A fire was kindled in the churchyard , round which the poor children clustered . Two cradles , with infants in them , were placed closo to the fire , and sheltered round by the dejected-looking mothers . Others busted themselves in dividing the tent into compartments , by means

      of blankets , for the different families . Contrasted with the gloomy dejection of the grown-up and the aged was the , perhaps , not less melancholy picture of tho poor children thoughtlessly playing round the fire , pleased with the novelty of all around them . Ottsa eighty people who passed the night in the churchyanLwro most insufficient shelter , twenty . three were childrfif under ten years of age , seven persons were sickly and in had health , and ten are about sixty years of ago ; about eight are young married men . There are a few grown-up children , and the rest are persons in middle life , from forty to fifty years of age . They are still remaining there .

      Yesterday was the day appointed for settling with them , according to the arrangement previously made , and for payingthem the value of their stock . The young men walked over to Avdgay for the purpose of receiving it , where they were met by Mr . M'Kenzie , writer , of Tain , the law agent employed to settle with them . This painful duty , so far as this gentleman was concerned , was executed with much kindness and consideration for the poor people . Amongst the dozen men and women that I saw , there was not the least noise or disturbance ; and cruel as was their position , not a murmur escaped them . Each family had on an average about £ 18 to receive , as the appraised value of their stock , and as their distributive share of £ 72 10 s ., agreed to be given to them to emigrate on going out peaceably . To go out , however ,, the people were compelled under any circumstances .

      The sum they had to receive is sufficient evidence that they were respectably supporting themselves . This sum , however , will soon be spent , and in the search for places and employment in the south , it is a moral certainty that most of these unskilled men and their families will be reduced to pauperism . This is the benefit the country derives from such proprietors aud factors as have owned and managed this glen . This cruel and unfeeling act is , however , now completed . When the men had settled with the law agent last night , they sent word to me that they wished to bid me good-bye . Great as have been your exertions in the

      cause of the poor and friendless , and large as are the sums which for years you have expended in advocating their cause , that meeting was more than repayment for all . As representing here your great establishment , the poor people crowded round mc , and held out their hard , labour-worn hands to shake hands with me as their friend , who had spoken for them . Their Gaelic I could not understand , but their eyes beamed with gratitude . This unbought spontaneous , and grateful expression of feeling to you for being their friend is what their natural protector—their chieftain—never saw , and what his factor need never hope for .

      If any man can , without emotion , read the above ; if the tears start not from his eyes , and his heart thr o b not well ni gh to bursting , we envy net his philosophy . We have all heard of the " Social Contract , " according to which each member of the c ommunit y e ntered int o a n a g re e ment o f mutu a l and equal p rotection , binding on all only so lon g as all were protected . What protection has society afforded to th e " weeded out" cottiers ol Glen Calvie ? And why should they acknowledge any obligation to society ? Every subject of these realm ' s ow e s alle g iance to th e s ov e r e i g n ; but on ly so long as the sovereign guarantees protection to the subject .

      What allegiance do the cottiers of Glen Calvie owe to Victoria ? The Parliament and Government should be the protectors of the weak against tho tyranny of the strong , bnt both have regarded with brutal indifference the perpetration of this abominable atrocity . Could the cottiers of Glen Calvie be worse off , though neither G o v e rnment nor Parliament ex is t ed ? A social , s y stem which p ermits a p i ece of wholesale spoliation like this at Glen Calvie is a system of brigandism .: a Government which pretends to rule equally and do justly , a n d at the same time a ll o ws so monstrous a wrong , is indeed an " organised hypocrisy . "

      We cannot trust ourselves to comment on the particulars of the last act of the Glen Calvie tragedy , our blood boils too furiously to permit us giving vent to our in d i gnation in words . But " last act" this clearance will riot , c a nnot be ! O , no , a day of retribution will surely come . We had written thus far when we encountered the following paragraph from the Times : — The Harlcstonc Association for the Protection of Property regularly keeps bloodhounds for the purpose of detecting sheep-stcalers . What next ? How long will it be before the outraged people keep bloodhounds to detect the landrobbers ?

      To Mr. Prout229 Strand London.

      TO MR . PROUT 229 STRAND LONDON .

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      IVcducsbury , Sept . 2 , 18 « . SIR , —I have been an agent for IlLAIR'S GOUT and RHEUMATIC TILLS upwards of four years ; during that period very many cases of euro by their use have been effected and come under my notice in this town and neighbourhood , which has secured to them a celebrity unequalled by any other medicine . I , therefore , in justice feci bound to state to you the following instance of their efficacy : — A person of the name of Turner applied to mc in August , 1840 , for a box of Blair ' s Pills . He had been subject to violent attacks of Rheumatic Gout for ten years , and compelled to give up work for weeks at a time . He had tried medical aid , and every tiling he could hear of , or that hi ? friends lirfd recommended . He was then labouring under one of those attacks , hut by taking Blair ' s Pills according to the directions , he was quite restored . Since then , whenever he fctls an attack approaching , by taking only a few doses it speedily vanishes . He wishes me to state these facts to you for the benefit of others . You are at liberty to publish the above if you think fit . I am , sir , your obedient servant , FREDERICK C . LADBURY , Ciiemist . The decided superiority of this medicine over every other hitherto offered to tlie public for the euro of those dreadfully painful diseases , gout , rheumatic gout , rhcumatism , lumbago , sciatica , & c , is so fully manifested by the increasing sale , aud the testimony of thousands in every rank of life , that those who are aware of tlie existence of such a remedy , and have not availed themselves of trying its efficacy , cannot truly be objects of sympathy . The testimonials of the astonishing effects of this medicine arc universally accompanied by the fact that no inconvenience of any sort attends its administration , but that the patient , without feeling the operation of the medicine , is universally left in a stronger and better state of health than experienced previous to being afflicted with this disease ; and in all cases of acute suffering , great relief is experienced in a few hours , and a cure is generally effected in two ov three days . Sold by Thomas 1 ' rout , 229 , Strand , London , price 2 s . £ > d . per box ; and , by his appointment , by Heaton , Hay , Allen , Land , Haigh , Smith , Bell , Townsend , Baines and Newsome , Smecton , Reinhardt , Tarbottorn , and Horner , Leeds ; lirooke , Dcwsbury ; Dennis and Son , Buvde-Wn , Moxon , Little , llavrtman , Linney , and Hargrove , York ; Brooke aud Co ., Walker and Co ., Stafford , Faulkner , Doncaster ; Judson , Harrison , Linney , Ripon ; Foggitt , Coatcs , Thompson , Thirsk ; Wiley , Easingwold ; England , Fell , Spivcy , Huddersficld ; Ward , Riclrsumu ; Sweeting , Knaresborough ; Pease , Oliver , Darlington : Dixon , Metcalfe , Langdale , Northallerton ; Rhodes , Snaith ; Goidthorpe , Tadcaster ; Ro ^ ersou , Cooper , Ncwby , Kay , Bradford ; Brice , Priestley , Ponfcfract ; Cordwell , Gill , Lawton , Dawson , Smith , Wakefield ; Berry , Denton ; Suter , Lcyland , Hartley , ParUer , Dunn , Halifax ; Booth , Rochdale ; Lambert , Boroughbridge ; Dalby , Wetherby ; Wait * , Harrogate : Wall , Barnsley ; and aU respectable medicine venders throughout tho kingdom . Ask for BLAIR'S GOUT and UHEGMATIC PILLS , and observe the name and address of " Thomas Prout , 220 , Strand , London , " impressed upon the Government stamp affixed to each part of the Genuine Medicine .

      Ad00714

      the annals of medicine . Prior to being advertised , thesa pills were employed in private practice in upwards of 1 , 800 cases , many of them most inveterate—in many thousand cases since , smd in 110 on » instance known to fail , or to produce those unpleasant symptoms so often experienced while taking copaiba , and that class of medicines usually resorted to in these complaints . The proprietor pledges himself that nut one particle of copaiba , cither resin or balsam , cubebs , or any deleterious ingredient , enters their composition , Copaiba and cubebs have long been tho most commonly employed medicines in the above complaints ; but , from the uncertainty in their effects , together with their utter iuefticaey in many cases , are fast declining in reputation ; and , from th » unpleasant symptoms invariably produced from taking copaiba , especially in the early stage of the complaint , many of the most able modern practitioners condemn it asdangerous , and a medicine uot to be depended upon . Many persons , after having suffered more from the effects of the remedy than the virulence of the disease , and , after a patient but painful perseverance , have been compelled to relinquish its use , the whole system having bec « me more or less affected , and the disease as bad , if not worse , than at the commencement . As regards cubebs , it ; true that thos « violent effects are not experienced as w > « au taking copaiba , but they seldom effect a cure , unless m « ie active medicines are administered . The Balsamic Pills arc free from any of the above objections ; they act specifically on the urinarypassagbst and , from their tonic properties , tend to strengthen the system and improve the general health . Thoy require neither confinement nor alteration of diet ( except abstinence from stimulants , where considerable inflammation exists ) , and , as experience has amply proved , they will effect a cure sooner than copaiba ( tbe dangerous results of which , in the inflammatory stages , are too weU known to need comment ) , or any other medicine in present use , and may be justly considered the only safe and efficacious remedy in all stages of those disorders . Iu addition to these advantages , the very convenient form in which this invaluable preparation is offered to the public , must also a desideratum . Prepared only by it . O . Wray ,. and sold , wholesale and retail , at 118 , Holborn-hill ; and at the West-end Depot , 314 , Strand , London . May also be had of all respectable medicine venders in town and country . Patients ivi the remotest jarts of the country can be treated successfully , on describing minutely their case , and inclosing a remittance for medicine , which can be forwarded to any part of the world , securely packed , and carefully protected from observation .

      Ad00713

      2 s . 9 d „ 4 s . 6 d ., and Us . each box ; or , post tree , 3 s „ 5 s ., and 12 s . COP MBA AND OUBEBS ENTIRELY SUPERSEDED . WRAY'S BALSAMIC PILLS , a certain , safe , and the most speedy remedy ever discovered for the permanent and effectual cure of strictures , seminal weakness , pains in the loins , affections of the kidneys , gravel , rheumatism , lumbago , gonorrhoea , gleets , local debility , irritation of the bladder or urethra , and other diseases of the urinary passages . The unprecedented success that has attended the administration of these pills , since they were made public , has acquired for them a Side more extensive than anv other proprietary medicine extant , and the circumstance of their entirely obviating the necessity of having recourse to those disgusting , nauseous , and 111 many cases highly injurious medicines ( as co [« uba , cubebs , Ac . ) ' has obtained for them a reputation unequalled in

      Fflnvm Hxmimmt

      fflnvM hxMimmt

      Iiosnos Cons Exchange, Mo.Ndav, Jun E 2....

      iiosnos Cons Exchange , Mo . ndav , Jun e 2 . —Tin supply of English wheat was tolerably good durin | the past week , and the arrivals of flour rather large but of barley , oats , beans , and puis , the receipt ! coastwise were small . From Scotland a few hundrci quarters of barley and a moderate quantity of oat ! came to hand ; of the latter grain the supplies fron Ireland and abroad wore to a fair extent . Thi morning the show of wheat by land-carriage sample from the home counties was moderate ; there was ver ; little barley fresh up , nor were the rceipts of oat or beans large , whilst the arrival of peas was scantj in the extreme . The foreign wheat and barley received during last week was not generally offerei free . The weather remained cold up to Friday last but sincetheii ithas been very fine . There was mucl less inclination to buy wheat to-day ; in the earl ] part factors insisted on the rates of this dav se ' nnieht

      but before a clearance could be effected a reduction of quite Is , per qr . had to be submitted to . Foreign free wheat ahjo moved off slowly , and to have made sales to any extent less money must have been accepted . In bond there was little passing , an d the rates recently current were not obtainable . Flour sold tardily at previous rates , the attempt to put up the top price of town made , having been abandoned . Barley , though not much enquired for was held firmly , an d the valu e of this g r a in h ad rather an upward tendency . Malt was likewise quite as dear . For oats a good demand was experienced , and fine corn , whether of Britis h or f o re ig n grow th , commanded fully as hi g h r a tes a s on M o nda y last . Beans were not so saleable as of late , b utu o d e clin e wa as u b mitted to . Peas , being exceedingly scarce , brought previous prices . Seeds of all descriptions hung heavily on hand , and canary-seed was certainly somewhat easier to buy .

      CURRENT PRICES OF GRAIN , PER IMPERIAL QUARTER . —British . a s s i Wheat , Essex , Si Kent , new & old red 43 49 White 50 65 Norfolk and Lincoln . ... do 44 48 Ditto 4 ? 52 Northum . and Scotch , white 43 4 * Sini W 55 Irish red old 0 0 Red 43 45 White 47 M Rve Old 30 31 New 28- 30 Brank 84- J » Barlev Grinding .. 24 26 Distil . 27 30-Malt . 30-83 Malt Brown .... 62 54 Pale 55 59 War * 64 62 Beans Ticks old & new 34 37 Harrow 36 39 Pigeon 40 42 Peas Grey 35 38- Maple 37 38 White 88 39 Oats Lincolns & Yorkshire Peed 22 23 Poland 2 * 2 S Scotch Angus 22 24 Potato 25 28 Irish White 20 23 Black 20 21 Per 2801 b . net . a si Per 2801 b . net . s a Town-made Flour ... 42 441 Norfolk A- Stockton 83 84 Essex and Kent .... 3 D 36 1 Irish 85 36

      free . Bond > . Foreign . s t » ¦ Wheat , Dantsic , Kouigsburg , Arc 58 57 38 89 Marks , Mecklenburg 51 82 . 38 86 Danish , Holstein , and Priesland ved 43 45 28 3 {> Russian , Hard 44 46 Soft ... 44 46 28 29 Italian , Red . . 47 48 White ... 51 52 82 35 Spanish , Hard . 46 48 Soft .... 48 52 31 8 i live . Baltic , Dried , ... 28 30 Undricd . . 28 30 22 24 Barlev , Grinding . 24 26 Malting . . 28 82 19 24 Beaus , Ticks . . 34 35 Egyptian . 34 35 27 30 ) Peas , White . . 87 39 Maple . . 36 87 28 391 Oats , Dutch , Brew and Thick 24 26 19 211 Russian feed , 21 22 16 16 ! Danish , Priesland feed 21 23 15 17 * Flour , jier barrel 24 25 19 241 Lo . vno . v SjrmirrELD Cattle Market , Mondays

      Juke 2 . —Since this dayse ' imight the imports of livee stock lor our market from abroad have beenliberalviz ., 116 oxen and cows from Rotterdam , an d & o xena from Hamburgh ; while from the former quarter , 30 } sheep and 4 calves have come to hand . At tho out- - ports 150 beasts and 90 sheep have been received froma Holland . The number here to-day consisted of 500 beasts and 10 sheep . Amongst the former we ob- » - served some remarkably well-made-un animals , whichh were held by the salesmen for very high prices ; butit the sheep were in very middling condition ,. and asts such commanded scarcely any attention , though a a clearance of tlicm was efiectcd previous to the closcsc of business . In consequence , we presume , of the latttc enhancement in the quotations , the bullock dro y eses fresh u p t o thi s mornin g ' s market were on the increasusi

      and large for the time of year , while we may obsemvi —notwithstandingthe epidemic was much complaineoei of—the condition of the beasts , as to w e i g ht , warn good ; indeed , we have not had a better display o : o : beef on any market da y durin g nearl y the whole oio tho present season . These circumstances , together : with the arrivals of slaughtered moat from the nortttl being on the increase , had a depressing influence uponoi the beef trade , and tho quotations suffered an abatete ment of quite 2 d . per 81 b—the very highest figure rcabal iscd for the best Scots uot exceeding 4 s . 4 d . per 8 Mb From Norfolk , Suffolk , Essex , and Cambridgeshire we wi received 1800 Scots , homebreds , and shorthorns ; whilhil from the northern counties , the receipts compriseise 200 shorthorns ; from the western and midlanan

      districts , 200 iiercfords , runts , Devons , ic . ; froirot other parts oi England , 100 of various breeds ; an an from Scotland , GOO horned and polled Scots . As w v have anticipated , the numbers of sheep forour markcrkc continue small—there being here to-day ten thousomm less than were brought forward at the coirapondiudii period in 1844 . For nearly every breed—but u \ ou \ o particularly the prime old Downs—the demand wi wi somewhat active , at fully , but at nothing quotabtal beyond , last week ' s currencies . From the Isle sle Wight 200 lambs came fresh to hand , but the geneimer supply of that description of stock was small . Ti Tl lamb trade was steady , and previous rates were wcwi supported . Calves and pigs , the supplies of whiwhi were moderate , moved off slowly , at unaltered figureurc

      By the quantities of 81 b ., sinking the offal . s . d . b . d . d Inferior coarse beasts . . . ' J 10 3 3 S ¦ Second quality . . . . 3 4 3 G < Prime large o . xcn . . . . 3 8 4 * I Prime Scots , < fcc 4 2 4 4 ' Coarse inferior sheep ... 3 8 4 4 Second quality .... 4 2 4 4 Prime coarse woolled ... 4 6 4 4 . Prime Southdown ... 4 10 5 6 Lambs- 4 10 6 6 Largo coarse calves .... 3 10 4 4 Prime small 4 8 5 5 Suckling calves , each , . . 18 0 30 30 Large hogs ..... 3 0 8 8 Neat small porkers ... 3 10 4 4 Quarter-old store pigs , each . , 16 9 20 20

      HEAD OF CATTtE OK 8 ASE . ( From the Books ofthe Clerk of the Market . ) it . ) Beasts , 2 , 835-Shecp and Lambs , 23 , 530-Calves , Iftes , W * Pigs , 300 . Lirunroot Cattlk Market , Monday , Juki- Skis " Our market remains much the same as of late , tlte , til being a fair average of stoclcfov this time ofthe yihe y ? The market was a brisk one , a numerous attendftendi , i of buyeis being present , and high prices were were > tained . Beef Oil . to OR , mutton (> d . to 7 jd ., lam ! lamll to 7 Jd . Liverpool Corn * Market , Mondat , June 2 / ne 21 favourabl e c han g e o f wind has , within the last twst tv « three days , brought up a numerous fleet of veaf veiti both from abroad and our own coasts , and these ihcse supplied us with a giod show of samples of gs of g : »

      flour , and oatmeal . There is an advance oflsoflsi quarter iu the duty on foreign barley , which , fiich . f P tlie only alteration this week . The principal sipal ness in wheat during the week has been in botu bonn five or six cargoes of Baltic red have been takai takt : t on speculation , at prices equal to 4 s . Cd . to 4 s . 9 < 14 s . 9 ilil 70 lbs . for Wisniar , Rostock , and Stettin . In Bi In BiJi wheat or duty-paid foreign the town ' s and neig h neighli ing millers have bought rather sparingly , at si , atsii prices to those quoted last Tuesday . Sack flock flom met only a moderate demand , without any maiy maa change as to value . A few hundred barrels of Us of TJU States sweet , in bond , have been disposed posed 11 export at 19 s . per barrel . The demand for oafor onfi oatmeal has been limited , and , except for tbfor tho < quality of each , scarcely so good prices have bcave bae tained . Barley , b eans , and peas have met onliet ont . t tail sale , at late rates .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), June 7, 1845, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_07061845/page/7/