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Northern Star (1837-1852), 7th June 1845, Edition 2 of 3, Page 1, /'yfe^ •ut*& i -* i£h/ i.

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  • Departments (3)
    • ItBVIVifgVIVAL OF CHARTISM
    • jMtupt Intelligence,
    • Cfrartisft Intewgtttee
  • Text (10)
  • Transcript

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      Itbvivifgvival Of Chartism

      ItBVIVifgVIVAL OF CHARTISM

      To Th To The Wobkikg Classes. Teteie Fbn...

      TO TH TO THE WOBKIKG CLASSES . teteiE FBn ) EiE Fmknds , —I lave headed this letter aa . ; . above , a abore , and not unfairly : because I nerer , flthe higfatthe highest tone of excitement in 1839 or ititoessed sftsessed a more glorious manifestation of re-. : ¦ to peree . to persevere for tie Charter and the Land , hldonTa & 'donlfeesdayiugat last in the SomersTown I had . I had been solicited to attend their meeti « d was tijd was there according to my appointment . II enteral entered the room , at eight o ' clock , there plot more t more than some , twenty or thirty persons Med ; bnt ] cd ; bat before Lalf-nast eight it -was inconflfly crowfly erowHsA . There was a considerable nuittnmiddle-cjjuddle-class men present ; and some few who

      ririticisednticised my acta with scrutinising nicety were ooo , for % , for the purpose of exposing my fallacies . I j at cons at considerable length ;; and , without much ,, I afib I affina that themeetb g thought I made a jpeech-- ^ ech--s ttHicienilygoodto carry conviction to bind of tlad of the most sceptical , and sufficiently plain . jsplicit splieit to insure silence from the objectors . \ what I What I have always said of Chartism is thisi * h ere « rlierever it is stopped b y the terror of the law , mcherjsachery of leaders , or by apathy produced by a 11 advam } advance of wages , all disciples of the pbkci-[ titmainRemain & m . ifteyaeverbeeomedeserierstoany itm ; 1 an ; but , on the contrary , when the day of rrectionrection comes , they start from the point where ' were Iwere last arrested , and with improved mind c ae the ae the agitation .

      cchwaschwas precisely the manifestation that I witid on d on Tuesday night last ; and such was the i t prodt produced by my speech , that a person got tip said , " aid , "that , although independent himself , and nnghhM ^ he ffid not . i ^ uire any of the advantages iiisedhisedbythe Co-operative Land plan , yet so firmly i meed ineed was he of its simplicity , value , and praci flity , flity , that he felt bound to become a member , t to prcto present his prize , when his torn came , to some il Cba ! Chartist , who from circumstances might be ; Ae toje to be a contributor . " Yon may be sure that anBOiamiouncement , coming from one above want , was I r con ^ consolatory to me , and wasTcry well received [ JicnMbe meeting . Probably you will see a detailed reit of ft of the pnoceedings ; bat you may not be able to

      ] © irotairom that the temper of the meeting ; and that ja r £ ie reason I write . Ton are perfectly aware that , « -wa wordy Chartists "—the men who would starve ja a La a hundred acres of land—the men who underi sdndisdflOthing whatever of thesubject , haveattempted lead lead yon to the belief that the mixing up of the iS iHtfstion of the Land with the Charter proved that I jjalKjj abandoned , or was preparing to abandon , the jiriHira-t agitation altogether . Common sense tells g fee tbst I never for a moment entertained the notion [ sna-niting np the two questions , further than to direct ^ lo jaioahaowledgc of this fact : that , if you had the fsjltfsjltcr to-morrow , the settlement of the Land question ^ il ^ ilK ( he vetypst that you would call for . To inss tS its just and satisfactory settlement , youyourisagfe mo ^ t have a thorough knowledge of the

      . \ " i 5 t « , liad you got the Charterinsteadof the ftcforro H 2 J £ 3 iii 13-33 , 1 doubt rcrymuch indeed that the popu-Mijiadcisofthatday would have ever placed the Land k ( jstion before you in such a shape as to indues you fei feake it up in the way you would now be enabled to si ji from the knowledge you have acquired of the si « a » of the land , as a means of establishing a i jpeous standard of wages—of relieving every trade i fts surplus competitive power—as a means of subi asflung certainty for nncertainty—as the means of i feffing every pauper bastile of its unwilling idlers—^ 3 , above an , as the only means by whieb , yoa can be s kto possession of that " share" of the national rtkk to which Lord John Russell NOW admits that Hra ire entitled .

      Yea , who hiiveheardmedeliverathonsand speeches nnjtlieten years that Lord John Russell was in rer , will now be able to contrast his recent speech iniy several speeches on the same subject . He its your grievances , but declares his incapability jropunuing any remedy . I have propounded the sly—the remedy which he is afraid even to men-» because it appears to interfere with the vested acsis of those he represents . Yon know that 1 * sever shrunk from justifying the acts of the

      artist agitators during ihe period of the Russell admiration : and now let me contrast what I have m ; s ? ying during the last ten years , and wlunt I was prisoned for saying , with what Lord John Russell i-oaly thought of saying within the last ten days , aJwhat he never thought of at all while he was at ksmny side of the Treasury—and for not thinking if & h while he had the power of acting he brought k State to tlie verge of bankruptcy—his party to alfeak ontside of Downing-street—and himself to

      kearemc of ndicule . Ser , hear what Isaid when I first opened my comsbbd ten years ago at Stockport , and what nearly ay working man in England and Scotland has Hsime repeat nunoreds of times within that period . Es ' s what I have said : " 2 fow , don't mistake me . ¦ aitaer expect nor desire to make gentlemen of sa !! : bat what 1 do desire is this ; if the King h * t had a King in 18-35 ] is not satisfied with the & es that his ancestors lived in ; if his resources sicfreascd in proportion to the increasing luxuries cikage ; if the Peer removes from his antiquated baitarr mansion to a more modem edifice , to keep

      e * iih modern luxury and improvement ; if the <& s- abandons the homely house ofhis fathers for i store splendid mansion ; if the manufacturers ^ merchants ate ashamed to look upon the hovels iasihe foundation of their greatness was laid ; if ^ i-opkeepers migrate from the humble cottage , ' &? attic of their shop , to the salubrious and 3 % villa ; if there is . an ascending scale to jsareihe rapid improvement of all classes who ^ raj your industry , I demand that took co . vm-&) iall be measured by the same scale of elevation , ^ 'iit I shall not longer see yon descending from ^ tottase to the cellar , and from the cellar to the ^ BastHe . I demand that if there is an addi-^ tDnrseupon their table , better clothing upon

      * f racks , better furniture in their houses , and ^ -ssory tritlua their reach , that toes com > j « os ^ w marked by the same progressive improve-^ is one and all ; and that if 6 V : tutsudd ^^ ay as man ' sholiday , instead of man ' s cmse , ^ lOd liave toes fair comparative siuui : of all ^^ the luxury , and the benefit that it confers , ^ tben if famine come , and if it is an infliction ^ djore instead of the creation of protected idlers ; i ^ ffionarch npon the throne , and every class ^ ante between you and him , be called upon ^¦ ara / au- Havre of the inevitable visitation , ^ i pledge myself that you will bear your full por-^"•^ ihont a murmur : but while I live , you shall :: $ escently starve , while others luxuriate in the

      * f 4 ra your poverty . " : that every working man who reads this ^ *& admit that he has heard me nse those very ' ^ scons of times . 1 was imprisoned by the ' % bloixly , and brutal Whigs" for making ibis f ^ W working-class deration the rale of action c itl * gsveraiug thought of my life ; and now we f' ^ edto pay homage to the man who lasdiscoj 31 " & : jwici of the principle when he finds it seccs-J "*«* it asa good political "CRY . " Thus you . ^ tat on ? rulers arc always years behind u * in i ^ a , while party expediency compels them to do ? i 5 Jtite to acts and motives ¦ to

      v our our . . vwx our acts ana our mouves . ^ y ou iuore : I told you at Stockport , ten years f ^ i ik t duv of auction ivould come , when you ™ h h ] , l for according to the value that you put ^ jJusdv cs . I told you that I would try to Richest condition for sale , and that I weuM . ; « auctioneer . Kay , I even told yoa—ten ^ H * . mind—that Russell and Ted would be the : ? ' « ddeB , and that , starting from the £ 10 fran-^ ' % woaldbidfor yott thus :- £ 0 , £$ , £ l , £ & . ~ lofd J 0 ttn . "Uotjseimhj ) Soffkage . " Peel :

      if , ' - Lord John : Univend Suffrage " ; 'ls tUei inune ? » Auctioneer : "So ; Lord Jj * " l ' : " 0 , but I nodded ; put the lot ' ^ i 1 hid Universal Sufirage and Vote by Bal-4- . ^ Jol"i " Universal Suflragc , Vote by ^ -innual Parliaments . " Peel : "Unimsal ^^ Annnal Parliamenfe , Vote by Ballot , Equal ^ J-ktiou , no Property ^ aUfication , and Payr - ^ Members . " Auctioneer : " Thelot is yours , sij" ^' xkjou , men of Stockport of England , i i- / . f ^ d , if you have not laughed heart iy at ^ " ^' "torr auction of public opinioi : hmidreds

      To Th To The Wobkikg Classes. Teteie Fbn...

      Well , now read the Mowing extract from an article that appeared in the Times of last week , and in the Starof last Saturday ; andjudgethen whether the representation of the auction by me is as ludirous now aa it was thought ihen . The Timet says—As Ms Lordship is now rather winning adherents than choosing a course , he may prefer to content himself with the least possible show of change . let him , however , save himself the trouble of an exact decision of a point which evidently costs so much labour . Peel will under-TcTT-II *

      bid him . " The day will come , Or * inevitable day , " when Peel willmakeaclean holocaust of the Corn laws , offering np xvhat the Irish Catholics call " an unqualified and uacoutaminated gift ? to the free-tradew . He will not do things by halves . Cannot Lord John Russell see this in time ! Henceforth it is his fate to be behindhand in the market While he is haggling for his odd shillings , and thinking to allure the purchaser by the doubtful tone of his denials , a more desperate and determined salesman interposes , and throws him out of the market .

      Nov , my friends , the reason that I attach importance to this early announcement of what you wanted , and which Russell now confesses , and the adoption now by the Times of what I declared ten years ago & e policy of Peel and Russell would come to , is to impress upon you the fact that all equally laughed at my Land scheme , until you , the people , gave it strength by thought and action : and now all are niggling about it , and biting at it , and will presently be constrained to deal with it as the great question of the day . All the talk about " little gardens , " and " allotmentsfor labonrers , " and "inclosure of common lands for theib bbseht , " is all

      moonshine : but it nevertheless marks the pro $ rees of the substantial question which they hope to destroy by a shadow of aid English independence . " Allotments " and " small farms" must be kept distinct . " Allotments" must be for the required number to work in the artificial market , when wages are raked by the removal of the " surplus" on to " small farms , " wholly and entirely independent of the artificial market . Every handicraftsman at work should hare a plot of ground to grow flowers and vegetables , and to occupy his and his family ' s leisure hours for recreation , amusement , and health . He should have it to enable him to stand against a sudden strike , until suitable arrangements were made to relieve his

      trade of any newly created " surplus , " by placing them upon the land . The small farmer , according to the description of the land , should have two , three , or more acres , to enable him to live without competing with those of his own trade at work : for , bear in mind that our just laws do not partake of the stringency andimmoveability of the "laws of the Medes and Persians ; " and that if , on mature consideration , three acres or four acres should be found preferable w > two acres , your ruling body , always guided and governed by a sincere and laudably ambitious devotion to your interests , will adopt that which reason shall convince you and them is the right and proper scale .

      My dear friends , believe me that this question of the Land is the one which authority dreads and usurpers fear . It is the one to which your own united pence can give safe , substantial , and remunerative effect . It is the one which may defy the stringency , the malversation , and the monopoly caused by the laws of primogeniture , of settlement , and of entail . It is the one , the only principle by which England can be made to consist of a nation of happy individuals ,

      instead of measuring her greatness by the plunder of her speculators in your labour . Above all , always cany with you these three great facts : —I propose the Land scheme as the only means of establishing the fair standard of wage , because it is the only market in which an individual without capital can arrive at a knowledge of the value of his individual labour , and because it will furnish a criterion for those who work in the artificial market to enable iiiem also to

      judge of the value of their labour . That gone reason . The second is , because it will change your present galling and distressing uncertainty into cheering and delightful certainty . The third is , because if you think till your brains are addled with thought , I defy you to devise any possible means by which you can provide for the " surplus hands , " whose want of employment compels them to compete with wm , and whose distress enables the masters to take every advantage of you . There are three reasons : but above , and before all , because , if we had a good sprinkling of small-farm independent labourers throughout the country , they would mate the mouth of every working man in England water ; and ALL would be speedily convinced of the necessity of redoubling their exertions for the only measure that could make the plan national at once—the People ' s Charter .

      For myself I can only say , that the spirit with which the plan has been iakennpinLondonadds years to my life ; and that , nothing but the desire to place myself in the situation of piokeer in this great movement , by setting it afloat nponmy own responsibility , prevents me from making a tour of the kingdom to familiarize every mind with the subject of practical agriculture . To show thespeedy advantage to be derived from the plan ,, it is my intention to visit Belgium , and to put you in possession of the mode practised in that country . I shall give you a plain and simple narrative , with geographical position ,

      mode of living , means of procuring it , and toacose followed , in a series of letters from that place . Up , then , Chartists ! start from the point where oppres . sion last struck us down . Up , for the Land and the Charter ! Bear in mind , that my only share of the profit is the inexpressible delight that I experience in teaching you how to be freemen . That is delight ' . Aye , with pleasure would I spend the remainder of my days in teaching yon how to preserve the triumph that you will win by mere confidence in each other . Uw , tueu I at the Land and the People ' s Charter I—no surrender . —Ever your faithful friend and servant , Feahgus 0 'Cox . vok .

      /'Yfe^ •Ut*& I -* I£H/ I.

      /' yfe ^ ut *& - * i £ h / i .

      And National Trades' Journal. ———» —— —-...

      AND NATIONAL TRADES' JOURNAL . —— ¦ -v ^ \

      Well ——«———»_ ^ ; —- --- — -•«¦— *-R - »...

      ——«———»_ ^ ; — - --- — - •«¦— * -r - »—¦ ^— ' v * - ^ y . j * . y jt _ 1 J ILJL-J VOL . VIII . NO . 39 o . LONDON , SATURDAY JUjSe *? " 1845 ~ pbice fivbpjencb or = * * v * u / aA , . tfuim . i , lty * U . . Fjre gw ,, Jag 9 and sixpence per Quarter ^ — ¦ — ~ " — * *"" ' " " *"" ' * -- —¦¦ . ¦ ¦¦ i i .,.. , ¦ .....- ¦ ,.- ¦>¦ i ¦¦ ii ¦ .- ... — —¦¦¦¦ . ¦ ¦¦ —

      Jmtupt Intelligence,

      jMtupt Intelligence ,

      Spaln. Luufbrr Of Tux Pbess Is Semn.—Mat...

      SPALN . LuufBrr of tux Pbess is Semn . —Math-id , according to our accounts of the 26 tb . nit ., feas been astounded by an act which , although executed on the day of the publication of the constitution , would seem to have been doneinmockcry of that document . Two gentlemen , Messrs . Carradi and Perez Calvo , editors of the Clamor Publico , were seized , and within twentv-fourhourspacked off to Manilla , without form of accusation , much less of trial , on the mere ipse dixit of the President of the Council . What article of the journal was impugned , or if any , is not known . Such an act renders this elaborately-framed constitution mere wastepaper—a bitter , melancholy mockery .

      More Arbiirabt Ahrests . —The Madrid jourHals of the 2 tth ult . are occupied with the violent coup if tint of which the editors of the Clamor Publico have become the victims ; no doubt remains as to their expulsion from the country , for they have been met ou their wav to Cadiz , where the embarkation of the prisoners is to take place . Tins brutal piece of despotism has been Mowed by another mockery of the published constitution , and has been laughably proclaimed . Each journal has been ordered to submit a copy three hours before publication to the political chief * ; the consequence of which / will be that the evenin" journals will lose the post of that day , to theii senous detriment . TheHxpeclador , for not complyin g with the order , has been hned arbitrarily 3 O 0 U reals . To add to public excitement , news had been receivedof the arrest of several respectable persons at Barcelona , threeof whom , Guardiob , Verges , ami Baldrick , are merchants .

      Ax Itauas , named Barfolonieo Prato , former editor of the Patriota , had been arrested , anu was likewise to be transported .

      SWITZERLAND .. Dr . Sieicer . —According to accounts from Lucerne , the Grand Council of the canton had ordered Dr . hteigerto be placed in a dungeon of the kissitcharm , fifty feet under ground , from an apprehension that an attempt would be made to rescue the unhappy prisoner . If these unfeeling tools of tiKJesuits were paid by Metternich to render Rei- «» - h ' eanism not only contemptible but abhorred , they cottld not serve his purpose better .

      Spaln. Luufbrr Of Tux Pbess Is Semn.—Mat...

      u flV / , ? ^ Bueioirs War . - Lucebse , Ji . £ ~ be Catflollc Party of the canton of Argau , m the * reyenampt , is preparing to overthrow the Government , and for this purpose it has formed free corps here and in the small cantons , and lean assure you that yesterday they were supplied with cannon and ammunition , and a corps has marched towards ireyenampt , but the Governments of Berne and Argau are determined to give them a warm reception . Zohsges ( Aboau ) , Mat 31 .-The small cantons which supported the Jesuitical Government of Lucerne in its late struggle have formed free corps to be marched to the Freyen , the Catholic part of the canton ; of Argau , in order to support with force of arms

      the plan , which is arranged as follows : —1 . The overthrow of the existing Government ; 2 . The formation of a new canton , of which the chief town is to be Baden ; 3 . The restoration of the suppressed convents . The authorities of Zofingenhave just given ordersto it ; contmgent to : holditselfready tomarchatthefirstbeat of drum . They have likewise established advanced posts round the town , and fortified the positions by which an army might approach . The Landman of the Canton , who was at Zofingen , has left the town precipitately for Aarau . The ConstUu tionnel announces , on the authority of its Zurich correspondent , that the Ultramontane party intended shortly to raise the

      standard ot revolt . The signal was to be given by the Catholic population of theFreyenampt in Argau . The insurgents are to organise a temporary Goyerment , which will call to its assistance the people of Lucerne , and of theprimitivecantonii . The Govern ^ meht of Lucerne had already pledged itself to support the insurrection , several pieces of artillery had been taken oat of the arsenal , to be sent to the Frcyenampt , and 3 , 000 ' citizens of Lucerne had promised their cooperation . Messrs . Siegwart and Meyer , two of the most influential magistrates of Lucerne , left for the smaller cantons on the 29 th ult ., to concert the means best calculated to favour the projects of the insurgents .

      TURKEY . Mom ? Slaughter is Stbta . —Advices have been received from Constantinople to the 17 th of May . The chief intelligence relates to Syria . Advices from Beyrout , dated April 4 , state that " Mount Lebanon was again in arms , the Maronites and Druses fighting furiously against each other , and blood flowing on afl sides . The Ottoman stepped forward to pi-event this , but the Maronites would not listen to reason ; and as they continued to fall upon the Druses , the Turks were obliged to side with the latter , to preserve them from extermination . " This new difficulty caused a meeting of European ambassadors at the residence of Sir Stratford Canning , but the Hccla British steamer had been in the meantime dispatched for Beyrout and Malta . The Capudan Pacba had previously left Syria for Constantinople . The latest news from Circassia , received in the Turkish capital ,-was adverse to the Russians .

      INDIA AND CHINA .-Oveblam > Mail . Bt Exxraobmsaet Express the Overland Mail was received in London on Wednesday morning , bringing intelligence to the 21 st of April from Delhi , the 22 nd from Calcutta , the 23 rd from Agra , and the 24 th from Madras , which , if devoid of interest , is at all events satisfactory . Perfect tranquillity continues to pervade British India—the rebellion in the Southern Mahratta country and SuwantWarree has died away—the whole of the rebel chiefs have either been captured by us or arc in the hands of the Portugueseauthorities atGoa , the latter bavins' cuaranteed

      their safe custody , while the ouestion of their final surrender to us is settled b y the Cabinets of Lisbon and London . Scinde continues tranquil , and comparatively healthy . ^ Sir Charles Napier has returned from the excursion against the hill tribes , in which at the date of our last letters he was engaged , and has received high encomiums from the Government General . All the chiefs , save one , are now under the surveillance of the Chief of Khyrpore . In the Punjaub the eternal Singhs are as usual buried in intriguing and butchering ; Sir fl . Harding wisely seems determined . to let them alone , and amuse themselves after their own fashion .

      . From China , there is no news of importance . We observe from the Singapore Free Press that the crew of the unfortunate Inglis has been brought from Batavia to Singapore by a Dutch barque . It consisted of seven Europeans and 130 natives , and of the latter nineteen died on the passage and two after arrival ; twenty-two more , together with four of the Europeans , had to go into hospital sm soon as they reached the island .

      UNITED STATES . The Hibernia arrived in Liverpool , on Saturday afternoon last . There is but little news from the States . The Oregon Question . —The Umoa , a newly ^ established daily paper at Washington , is under the immediate control of the President , and is the acknowledged government organ . It says , in answer to an article in another Washington paper , the National hi Ulligencer , on the subject : — " We do not understand that the Executive of the United States have any intention of closing the door to any negociation with Great Britain upon the Oregon , question , and , therefore , we might suppose that all th & inferences which the National Intelligencer

      draws from the supposed violent ground that the United States ( tor instance ) ' will not negociate' upon such a course , leaving us the ' alternatives of submission or war , ' and all the denunciations which it so gratuitously pours forth upon the ' shocking absurdity ' aud the barbarous doctrine that ' we ought not to negociate ( which the National Intelligencer attributes to somo of the Republicans ) , and that thus we revive ' that old umpirage of private rights—the wager of battle '—are etitirefo misplaced . "We certainly do not understand that the negociation about Oregon is at an end ; or that our administration is determined or willing to terminate it ; or

      that there is no prospect of amicably adjusting the dispute ; or that it must necessarily end in breaking up the peace of the two great countries . We see no necessity , therefore , of analysing thetriplealternative which the National Intdligencer is pleased to make out in its elaborate article of near one column and a half . We yet trust that' the case may go forward to its peaceful and reasonable decision ; ' and in spite , too , of all the nnnccssary menaces of the British ministers and all the blustcrings of the London journals . " It is generally believed that the American President contemplates sending a special minister to England to bring about a definite settlement of this Oregon question .

      MEXICO . The Akxexathw Question . —The Mexican news supplied by the arrival of the Hibernia is from Mexico to the 19 th ult ., and from Vera Cruz to the 23 rd . Mr . Almonte , the Mexican minister , who , by our previous accounts , had sailed for America , wc now learn has reached Vera Cruz . The joint committee of the Mexican Congress , to which bad been referred the subject of Texas , reported at length on the 7 th ult . The report recommends two projects , and which are thus stated by the Neiv Orleans Bee : — "The first is preceded byapre . imble , declaring that whereas the Umted States have resolred to annex the territory ot Texas ; and whereas such a mode of appropriating foreign territory to which other nations lay claim is a monstrous innovation upon the peace of the world and the sovereignty of other powers ;

      and whereas this Act had long been in preparation , even while the United States were professing peace and friendship for Mexico , and while the latter respected and observed scrupulously the terms of existing treaties between the two countries ; and whereas the said annexation is a violation of every conservative principle of society , an assault upon the rights of Mexico , an insult to her dignity as a sovereign nation , and menaces her independence and political existence : therefore , the Congress of the Mexican Republic solemnly declare that the law of the United States for the annexation of Texas to the American Union in no respect impairs the rights which Mexico possesses and will maintain to that department . " Furthermore , that the United States having disregarded the principles on which a ... - based treaties of amity , commerce , and navigation . . ; nd moreespeciallv of boundary , Congress con > Jii ; * - them violated by the Uw ' ted States .

      " And . finally , that the unjus - . - . n-pation of which it is sought to make Mexico th » -. ictim , makes it her duty to take up arms in her tU'k'iieeto oppose such usurpation , and with the fullasu ! rightful determination to use all her resources am ! jiower to prevent the annexation decreed by the Unit d States . " The second project consists oJ i ' our articles , which arc as follow : — " 1 st . The Mexican nation c ; i " . ! s upon her sons to defend their national indepcndctiee , threatened bj the usurpation of the territory of Texas , which is sought to be consummated by a decree passed by Congress , and sanctioned by the President of the United States . " 2 nd . Therefore the Government will consider itself at liberty ( podra poner ) to call forth its entire permanent and active military force , agreeably to the authority given to it by existing laws .

      ' 3 rd . For the preservation of public order , and the maintenance of her institutions , and , if necessary , as a reserve for the army , the Government , in virtue of the power granted to it on the 8 th of December , 18 U , may levy the troops to which said decree re-

      Spaln. Luufbrr Of Tux Pbess Is Semn.—Mat...

      fers , under the name of defenders of independence and the laws . " 4 th . With a view to the efficient maintenance of the rights of the republic , the Government is authorised to procure all extraordinary resources which may be deemed necessary , making known to Congress the necessary steps to be taken , conformably to the constitution . " We do not perceive that any action was taken on the above proposition by the Mexican Congress . Dreadful Earthquake . —It will be remembered thatrecent accounts acquainted us with particulars of frightful shocks of an earthquake experienced at Mexico on the 7 th . Wehave now to add a repetition of this awful disaster in the capital on the 10 th ult . Our examination of the papers has failed to enable us to discover many details of the amount ot ruin ,

      and desolation occasioned b y this convulsion , but from the fact that the journals unite in describing its effects as terrific , we presume the destruction must have been great . The Mario of the 11 th states that the earthquake occurred about ten o ' clock a , m ., and lasted forty seconds ; that it overthrew many new buildings , and many others that had escaped the former visitation ; that most of the inhabitants , stricken with terror , left their houses and took refuge in the open fields and public squares , passing the night without shelter and in the utmost consternation . The Veracrufario of the 14 th ult . states that p rivate letters furnish a gleomy picture of the desolation that has fallen upon Mexico . The Heeperia of the 12 th , states that the earthquake of the 10 th

      comp ^ U ^ thedest ' rjstion ' of the cupola of Santa Teresa , and increased the damage done to the churches of Santo Domingo . and San Francisco . But for the shortness of its duration the entire city would have been laid in ruins . Mexico did not suffer alone . The shock was felt in a number of towns and villages within a radius of several hundred miles . At Puebla the earthquake was experienced on the 7 th , about four o ' clock p . m ., but its effects were comparatively slight . Several churches were injured , and many private edifices were greatly damaged , though none were absolutely destroyed . At Acuartillo and Toluca the effects of the shock were more considerable . At Guadalajar , MoreVia , and Vera Cruz , the earthquake was experienced both on the 7 th and 10 th , but on neither occasion was the injury very serious .

      ITALY . Rome the Last Conservator of Ignorance asd Barbarism . —We take the following statement from the Athenaium of Saturday last : — " In the Roman States violent efforts are making , by exclusions and interdictions , some of which seem almost puerile , to arrest the march of the world . Rome would fain do , in the midst of Europe , and reached by all its paths , what China , with her remoteness and her seclusion , ot ages to help , has failed to maintain , —draw a wall around her petty material empire , and sit within it under the shadow of the past , while the nations around are walking in light . She would be the " ?>\ etipat % Beauty " of Holiness ; around whom all things should be struck into the attitude of years ago , —

      while about her a forest ot prejudices and exclusions is vainly planted to keep out the foot of any who would awaken her . Our readers are aware , no doubt , that the Pope has refused the transit of ail railways through any part of his temporal dominions : so that these innumerable lines , which are bringing "the ends of the earth together , " with all the prodigious moral aud material force that they convey , are suddenly stopped , as by a spell , on all the edges of this '' Sleepy Hollow . " What if the spell be too weak to hold them ? . May not St . Peter ' s itself be driven down by these tremendous agents , for which no pathways will have been provided ? It nearly dislocates the imagination to descend from this grand measure of resistance , to the last interdiction issued by the Head

      of the Catholic Church against the progress of discovery . His Holiness forbids the introduction into his dominions of the dangerous and heretical process of gilding metals by means of galvanism ! We meddle not with theological discussion ; but the polity o f a Government like the Papal is within our competency ; and . we may venture to say , that if there be any necessary connexion between such a polity and the doctrines it is meant to defend , the latter cannot be true —or tenable . ; There is no Truth , which cannot stand the test of human , improvement ; and no spiritual edifice can hope for a , prolonged existence , in this age of the world , which exists only by denying all the lights , and resisting all the moral forces , of the tune . It the Papal dominion is to endure , we may be sure it will soon travel by railway . "

      SYRIA . Civil War . —Horrible Massacres . —The following letter , dated Beyrout , the I 7 th of May , allowing for some exaggeration , which under tbs feelings such atrocities would excite can scarcel y be avoided , is , we fear , but too true a picture ot the . state of affairs in Syria : — " A civil war , and one of extermination , reigns at this moment in the mountain between the Druses and the Christians , and during the last fifteen days the horrors we have seen perpetrated around us are dreadful . On every side the sounds of battle are heard , and nothing is seen but fire and flame ! houses , villages , churches , and convents becoming reciprocally a prey to the flames .

      "At the moment I write we hare before us the appalling spectacle of no less than eleven villages , aud a number of Maronite churches and convents , in flames , and what is worse , when the Christians are victorious , they enter the Druse villages , putting to the edge of the sword men , women , and children ; the Druses following the example when they are victorious . " All the silk-worms of both parties , the sole support of the Syrian populatian , have been burned . " The convents ot the Maronites and Catholics have not been spared ; they have been burned , and the bodies of their priests , after death , have been burned by the Druses . Every horror is practised on their enemies—for example , to kill by famine ,

      massacre , open the bowels of women in a state of pregnancy , drag forth the infant from the womb , and kill it , and a thousand other acts of barbarism are momentarily committed . " The poor Christians are much more numerous , and at the commencement were victorious over their enemies ; but our Pasha , who is out with his regular troops , aa soon as he perceives the Christians victorious , points his artillery against them , loaded with grape , and compels this unfortunate sect to take to flight . The Druses immediately enter their villages , sacking them , burning their houses , goods , & c . I do not doubt but the Pasha has secret orders from his Government to destroy and ruin the Christians entirely , or he could not so openly aid and assist their

      enemies . "The fanaticism of the Turks on the coast is daily becoming more and more visible , and we are menaced by a terrible revolution . In Saida they rose a few days since to massacre all the Christians ; but , thanks to some European ships of war and to Reschid Pasha , who left suddenly for the seat of disturbance , a calm , perhaps momentary , has succeeded . , .. , , , , " Here , in Beyrout , a rising also took place a few days a ^ o , to putjfche Christians to death ; but , thanks to the energy ofthe Consuls , and to some of the rich Turkish proprietors , a calm has succeeded . " At this moment , with the help of our glasses , % ve sec unfortunate fugitive Christians , women and

      children , to the number ot 6 , 000 or 7 , 000 , on the coast . Two ships of war , one French and one Austrian , and five or six small vessels , chartered by the mercantile body , have sailed , to collect and save them from the dreadful death which awaits them from famine . I do not know what so many people will do here to live ; or what we all shall do , from the great existing scarcity of water , when the population of our city will be augmented by 15 , 000 or 20 , 000 souls . 'This , you may rely on it , is no exaggeration . 1 do not know how European Powers can tolerate such abominations , or the fanaticism of the barbarians , and remain inactive , when a handful of troops , ot any Christian nation , would suffice to cause their insolence to cease and to bring them to a proper sense oi

      reason . " These details cannot but interest every civilized stateof Europe . "May 20 . —Fire and battle continue to reign with destructive violence on all sides around us , and the news we have at this moment is , that the Christians have been obliged to ( ire on the regular troops , which places us in a very alarming position , as we fear a revolution of the Turks against all the Christians , and we are now all prepared , weapon in hand , to defend our houses and the lives of our families .

      " Yesterday the Pasha wrote to the consular body that it was impossible for him to reconcile the hostile parties , aud demanded assistance from them . But what can the Consuls do between two nations equally stupid , ignorant , fanatical , and superstitious ? Our city is already full of unfortunate mountaineers , of the Christians , men , women , and children , dying of hunger , whom the Consuls here are constrained to support m . common charity . " ( From the Malta Times . ) The news from this country is dreadful—it sickens the heart to be obliged to describe it . Besides the accounts given in the Levant papers ( which of course must palliate the events as much as possible ) , we have seen letters from Beyrout to the 14 th inst ., which give a h orrible account ofSm ' a in general , and Mount

      Spaln. Luufbrr Of Tux Pbess Is Semn.—Mat...

      Lebanon in particular . For fifteen days previous wholesale murder , burning , and every possible crime was committed , while the Govirnment would put no check to them . The greater part of the villages and towns in the high lands are hi ashes . The mania for bloed lias spread to Palestine . The districts near Jerusalem are in arras , and several European travellers have been murdered . Heav « n only knows how this terrible tragedy will end . In the bitterness of our heart we must now regret the blood and the millions lavished by the Four Great Powers for the re-conquestofthiscountry , forthesa » guinary , fanatic , and ignorant Government of the Sultan , in 1840 . What a gad return for it , and what a mournful triumph for Mehemet Ali and Ibrahim Pasha—and Fiance !

      Cfrartisft Intewgtttee

      Cfrartisft Intewgtttee

      Blackburn. Tub Land.—On Tuesday Evening ...

      BLACKBURN . Tub Land . —On Tuesday evening a society was formed here , in connexion with the Chartist Cooperative Land Society , when a number of members enrolled their names and paid their entrance money . Another meetingwill beheld at Mr . Newton ' s Temperance Hotel , Whalley Banks , King-street , Blackburn , on Tuesday , the 10 th instant , when all who are desirous of becoming members are requested to attend .

      - LEEDS . The Land Society . —The members of the Land Society met on Monday evening last , for the purpose of paying their second instalment . A pretty good number was present , and appeared to pay their money very cheerfully . Fifteen new members were enrolled . A wish was exoressed by all present that either Mr . O'Connor or Mr . M'Grath should be requested to make a tour in the West Riding , for the purpose of bringing the Land question before the people . There are many persons who have not seen the rules in the Star , and arc consequently ignorant of the way in which it is intended to place the people upon the land . A great many of this class have

      made inquiries about the plan , and when it is explained they at once join the Society . If public lectures were delivered upon the subject , and the necessary explanations given , there is not the least doubt but that hundreds in Leeds , Bradford , Halifax , and other places in the West Riding would he added to the Society from amongst those working men who are not in the habit of attending Chartist meetings . The attention ofthe Executive ought to be directed to this without delay . Let Bradford , Halifax , Dewsbury , i * c , bring this question before their members , and solicit the presence of Mr . O'Connor , as there is no doubt he will gladly attend . At the close ofthe meeting it was announced that £ 110 s . 3 d . had been received .

      IIOLBECK . The Laxp . — A meeting of the members of the Holoeck locality was held on Sunday , June 1 st , at the Bull ' s Head Inn , Holbeck , Mr . John Pemdge in the chair , when the following resolutions were agreed to : — " That a branch of the National Land Society bo formed to join the National Society /' " That a public meeting be held on Monday , June 9 th , at eight o ' clock p . m ., at the Bull's Head Inn , for the election of officers . "

      BILSTON . Lecture by Mr . Richards . —On Thursday evening . May 29 , a lecture was delivered in the National Charter Association Room , Bilston , by that old veteran , Daddy Richards . Mr . Charles Powell in the chair . The lecture gave great satisfaction . MANCHESTER , Lecture . —A lecture was delivered in the Carpenters' Hall on Sunday evening last , by Mr . William Dixon , on the subject of tha Land , which was attentively listened to by a respectable audience .

      PRESTON . The Lasd , —A meeting was held at the house of Mr . James Duckett , 13 , North-street , on Monday evening , June 2 nd , to consider the propriety of forming a branch of the Co-operative Land Society , when fourteen persons put down their names for shares in the Society ; after which it was agreed that James Brown be secretary , and James Duckett treasurer , for the district , and . that a meeting be held every Monday evening at . eight o ' clock , at the above house , to receive instalments and issue shares .

      BIRMINGHAM . . Ship Ink LocAim , — -At OuV meeting on Tuesday evening last , a discussion ftYOSC respecting the formation of a council , and what steps should be taken with respect to the Co-operative Land Plan , which ended with the following resolution being adopted : — " That the secretary send notice to the Star , stating that we meet here on Tuesday next , chair to be taken at eight o clock , when business of importance will be brought before the meeting . " AH persons favourable to the Association are respectfully requested to attend .

      LANCASHIRE . Last Sunday a delegate meeting took place at the White Bouse , Blackstonedge . The following delegates were present : —Todmorden , Enoch Horsetail ; Halifax , Charles Fielding ; Littleborough , James Coup ; Heywood , John Nail , chairman ; Rochdale , Edward Mitchell , corresponding secretary . The following resolutions were passed * . — " That a campmeeting be liolden at Robin Hood ' s Bed , near the White House , Blackstonedge , on Sunday , June 22 nd , when Messrs . George White , of Bradford , William Dixon , of Manchester , and William Bell , of Heywood , will address the meeting . " " That each locality be requested to send a delegate to the White House on the same day ; to meet at eleven o ' clock in the forenoon . " Any locality wishing to correspond , to address to Edward Mitchell , at George Taylor ' s , Temperance Hotel , High-street , Rochdale .

      BRADFORD . On Sunday the members ofthe Council met in theirroom , Butterworth-buildings . The accounts were audited , and one-fourth of the contributions ordered to be sent to the West Riding meeting for the Executive . Messrs . Wilcoek and Jackson were appointed delegates to the West Riding meeting , to be held in Halifax on Sunday next . On Sunday Evening a Chartist meeting was held at the Queen ' s Head , near Halifax . Mr . G . White , J . Alderson , and several others , addressed the meeting , on the state of Chartism in the country , with good effect . On Saturday Evening the committee of the Powerloom Weavers met in the Chartist-room , Butterworth-buildings , when several new members were enrolled . This society is in a flourishing condition .

      Tire Land . —On Monday Evening a public meeting was held in Buttenvortk-buildings , to take into consideration the propriety of forming a branch of the Land Society , as proposed by the Chartist Convention . Mr . Clark was called to the chair , who briefly stated the object of the meeting , and read from the Northern Star the letter of Mr . O'Connor on that subject . Mr . Wilcock read the rules of the society , after which Mr , Smyth addressed the meeting on the condition of the people in manufacturing towns , rates of wages , and nature of employment , andshowed that the land was the only true mode of ascertaining the value of labour . At the conclusion thirty-three members were enrolled , and paid one shilling each as a deposit on the shares . A committee of nine persons were elected ; Mr . Alderson was chosen treasurer , Mr . Smyth secretary , and Mr . Thos . Wilcock sub-secretary .

      BARNSLEY . Tue Lasd . —The adjourned meeting on the Land question was held in Mr . Adam ' s large room , on Monday evening ; Mr . John Vallance in the chaii The meeting was addressed by the chairman , Messrs . Mil-field , Leary , Scgraye , Dalv , Hebdcn , and others . Seven new members entered . Fifteen more have commenced a branch at Ardsley Staiufoot , another branch is about to be opened at Dodworth , and another in the Odd Fellows' School-room in Barnsley , so that the prospect here is encouraging .

      BACUP . Mkktixo . —On Sunday last the Chartists of Bucup held a camp-meeting on Goose-green , Coupe , when Mr . Wm . Barker was called on to preside . Mr . Tagg and Mr . Ambrose Hurst , of Oldham , addressed the meeting . O . v Sunday evening Mr . A . Hurst , of Oldham , delivered a lecture in the Association-room , Rochdaleroad—subject , " The influence of commerce on the destiny of' nations . " After the lecture a vote of thanks was given to the lecturer , and the meeting broke up , highly pleased with the sentiments they had heard .

      Tue Land . — On Tuesday , June 3 rd , a preliminary meeting was held in the above room , to take into consideration the propriety of joining the Chartist Land Society . Many names were given in , and the meeting was adjourned to nine o ' clock on Sunday morning , June 8 th , when the members and the public arc requested to attend .

      CARLISLE . . . The Land , —On Sunday evening last there was , according to announcement , a public meeting in the Chartist Association Room , 0 , John-street , Caldewgatc , and , Sunday though it was , th * room ,

      Blackburn. Tub Land.—On Tuesday Evening ...

      which was none of the smallest , was filled to inconvenience . Shortly after six o ' clock , the time appointed for the meeting to take place , Mr . John Gilbertson was called to the chair . The chairman having briefly stated the object of the meeting , proceeded to read tiie rules of the Chartist Co-operative Land Society ; also the letters of Mr . O Connor from ihe Star of the 24 th and 31 st of May , winch gave general satisfaction . Thomas Roney moved , and Mr . John Morgan seconded the following re 80 " : tion , which was unanimously agreed to : — "liiat after having heard the rules , & c read , drawn up by the Jatc Chartist Convention for the allocation

      of the people of this country on the land of their nativitv , we consider it will accord with our interests to join the Chartist Co-operative Land Society . " Mr . Joseph Richardson moved , and Mr . John Lowry seconded , " That those who are Willing to join the Chartist Co-operative Land Society give in their names , after which we shall proceed ; to elect a committee , a secretary , and treasurer . " Carried . The work of enrolment then commencedi which ended in twenty-one setting down their names " as members , some of whom paid m their first instalment . The following persons were appointed as the committee , to serve for the period ot one month * . — James Hamilton , Joseph Hall , John Gilbertson , John

      Young , John Morgan ; Alexander Milhollond , treasurer ; Nicholas Fish , secretary . The meeting then adjourned until next Sunday evening , the 8 th inst ., at six o ' clock , in the same place , and it is anticipated a greater number of shares will be taken cut . The people here seem to take up the Land question with great spirit , much more so than we ever expected . We have not the least doubt but Cumberland will be amongst the foremost in this undertaking . The only fear is , that when it comes their lot to go on to the land they will have to leave their native county ; this they are not inclined , to do , lor they are , generally speaking , Large in the oigan of concentrativeness ; but we trust this * will come under the notice of the next Conference . »

      Quarterly Meeting of the Cuartis ? Association . —The members of the Chartist ' Association here , met , on Tuesday evening last ; for the purpose of hearing accounts read over , and to nominate a new council . Mr . John Morgan was called to-the chair . The Secretary , John Lowry , then read the balancesheet , and on the motion of John McGuire , seconded by Henry Caddie , it was unanimously adopted ! The following persons were then nominated as councillors for the ensuing quarter;—Robert Graham , Joseph Richardson , John Gilbertson , Thomas Roney , Henry Caddie , Henry Gaitc , Wm . Doby , John McGuire , John Morgan , John Sinclair , Wm . Bulman , Joseph RtimJcy , Isa ;> c Martin , Edward MeG ' mness , James Hirst ; William Coulthard , sub-treasurer ; John Lowry , sub-secretary . After arrangements had been made for collecting in some of the districts , - the meeting adjourned .

      OLDHAM . Lecture . —On Sunday last , Mr . Win . Bell , of Heywood , delivered an energetic address , on the Reformation , so called , in the reign of Henry the Eighth . He shewed in a lucid manner , how the rights and privileges of the poor have , at different periods , been taken away by Acts of Parliament , and argued that those rights and privileges would never , to any extent , be restored but through a reformed House of Commons by means of the people ' s Charter

      MR . CLAKK' 8 TOUR . To THE Chahtist Uody . —Friends , —As I anticipated , flic meeting to which I alluded in my brief communication in the Star of last week , was a bumper , the large room belonging to the Christian Brethren , and which thej kindly lent for the occasion , was crowded by the anxious friends of the cause at Hanlcy . Mr . Moss was called to the chair , and in a short , but pithy speech , culled attention to the subject for which the meeting was convened . I wns then introduced , and spoke for an hour and a half in support of my position , viz ., that the land ought to be . long to the whole community , and that no Government can deprive them of it without violating every principle of justice and honesty : and that whilst I would never cease to advocate that great and eternal truth , I was nevertheless of opinion , that the . people would never struggle for it until they were made practically acquainted

      of its value , which could now be done by carrying out the Land plan laid down by the Convention . I also adverted to the Registration and Election project , which was rery well received ; the old and staunch friends of the Charter pledging themselves to see to its enforcement . On Thursday evening I attended an out-door meeting at Fave Green , near Hanley , convened oy the council of the Hanky locality . Uv . Mossjwas again elected to preside , and delivered an interesting address , after which I spoke ; aud never in my life did I witness greater attention pauf than this numerous assemblage devoted to the speeches of both myself and the chairman . The subject under con , sidcration was , " The propriety of the working clasial joining the Chartist body in'their attempt to destroys vicious , and establish a wise and just form of ccptcd , and the meeting dissolved .

      n & tfLEY . —On Sunday evening I again lectured on tin Crown Wank , Hanley , to a very large meeting—subject , " The duties of Government . " Mr . Jeremiah Tates , on * of the most persecuted men in the Chartist movement ( aud that is saying a great deal ) , acted as president . I was listened to with the greatest attention , and was pleased to learn that my address had done some good In Hanley * ' > e people ate all pretty weU employed , and , notwithstanding , there is perhaps a better spirit prevail ing amongst the working classes there than in most other parts of the country . This , I think , is mainly attributable to the exertions of au industrious and intelligent council , though in no part of the country has the terrible power ofthe capitalists been more severely felt , as it was only required that a man should be a known Chartist to subject him to the vilest persecution , and , worse than all , to proscription from employment , which means starvation for himself , his wife , and family .

      Longton . —On Sunday afternoon I lectured here in the Working Man's Hall—a fine building , capable of holding about two thousand persons , but not yet finished , in con . sequence ofthe disgraceful indifference of those for whose interest it has been erected , Sereral good men having advanced sums of money to put it in its present state of forwardness , have now the entire responsibility of it thrown upon their hands , and many outstanding demands are left to them to discharge . I hope the shareholders will take this hint , and pay up their arrears , and not sacrifice their friends through their own want of

      principle . The Longton Chartists have certainly discharged their duty well in the election of their own friends to fill the several local officers , despite the malignant efforts of Walker and Company ; in fact , in this matter , they have set the country a most excellent and worthy example , and I hope they will not tarnish the triumph they have so nobly achieved , by neglecting this piece of friendly advice , which I feel it my duty to offer them . The meeting on Sunday was not a very numerous ome , owing to the fact that no other announcement than that which appeared in the Star was made of the meeting being held , and the liberal bailiff' will not allow the town crici- to an .

      nounce any meeting for any purpose to beheld in the hall ,-This desire on the part of the authorities to put down the only place in which the working j » mi can meet , ought to make the friends more enthusiastic in their support of it . Mr . Stephen Amisoii , highway surveyor , churchwarden , and Chartist secretary , occupied the chair . I took for my text the speech of Lord John Russell on the condition of the labouring classes , and , of course , ridiculed the teraedy which the noble (!) lord proposes to apply to the grievances of the people . 1 attended a public meeting in the same place on Monday evening , called for the purpose of adopting the national petition proposed by the Executive Committee , on the Land , The meeting was much more numerous than on the previous dav . Mr . John

      Bioomficld ( not the Bishop of London ) was unauiiuoUEbj chosen to preside , and after stating the business of the meeting , introduced Mr . Moss to move the adoption ofthe petition , which he did in an able speech , at the conclu . sion of which he was loudly cheered . Mr . Birch seconded it , I supported it , and had the satisfaction of seeing it unanimously adopted . I enrolled several members of the Sfatioual Charter Association , and also of the Land Society , On Tuesday morning I left Hanley for Stockport , where I was to have addressed a meeting ot the inhabitants on the subject of the land ; but about an hour before the time atmouweeu for com . mcncjng business , the rain began to descend in torrents , and continued so until after nine o ' clock . A number of persons , however , repaired to the Association .

      room in the Uillgate , and I delivered a short address on the necessity of perseverance and union . At the request of the council and members of the Association , I hare agreed to return to Stockport and deliver two lectures- * owe on Sunday and the other on Monday evening- next , proceed to Macclesfield to-night , to address a meeting on the Green . My friend West will he present ; and I . necd not say how valuable his assistance will he . I . have just received a letter from my friend Mr . Beviugton , of Hanley , informing me that Mr . Evans , editor of the Potters ' Examiner , has agreed to meet me in public discussion , in Hanley , on "Home Colonization versus Emigration . ' - ' I take the former and Mr . H vans the latter . The discussiou to take place to-morrow ( Thursday evening ) . I will for ward the result , if possible , for the last edition of the Star , —Thomas Clabs . —Stockport , Tuesdav ,

      New Stbakd The*The.—We Visited This Pret...

      New Stbakd The * the . —We visited this pretty littletheatre on i ' riday evening , for the first time since the pro . miction of Mr . Leman Hede ' s new drama , the £ alow , and Cellar ; or , Upsmid Imvns of Life . We expected some , thing superior from the pen of Lenian Kcdc , and our expectations were more than realised . The characters were well sustained—so well by all , that it would beinvi . dious to single out particular actors or actresses for . kmdatoiy notice . CU'iri'Oiiunec followed , and kept the audience in . goud humour throughout its

      performance . The new three act drama , entitled liOndon by A ' lViftt , was . the next piece ; in which figures a motley asseavolajre of London flash men , rakes , piemen , bailiffs , swie ; .-.- ; . " uatod- ' tnto merchants , and other knowi ' -K character !! , m ; , k- and female , who are to be found tlourishiny 'in London by Sight , The whole concluded wuh the Miravagatizji of Robinson Crusoe , or ti , » Mtti . ' a-: cj of a- I ' rkkuj . A very respectable audience wa » pvtsuw , muI the wlic-lfc of iht performances elicited uui . versa ! j . p ! - ! ause . For au evening ' s entertainment of the right sort w * ean warmly reeommew' this , Ceswvealv P' -puliir theatre- . J

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), June 7, 1845, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_07061845/page/1/