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Northern Star (1837-1852), 6th November 1852, Edition 2 of 2, Page 11, CATHEDRAL TEUSTS. Mr. Whisfcon has addre...

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    • DEMOCRATIC MOVEMENTS.
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      The New Empire. ~~ ~~ Last Tuesday's Tim...

      m a ^ cre . Tliey sanctified legitimacy until it fell ; they consecrate 'J ury when it has tnumped . Ministers of Christ , they burlesque r inWianity ; teachers of morality , they deify crime . They have learnt ^ f orgotten nothing . For them Hildebrand may still thunder in i Vatican : the Inquisition is an incomplete experiment ; the Reforma tion is a heresy , and not a lesson , and the war ou civilization must A Teco mmenced . Their black conspiracy against intelligence envelopes Europe , its staff in Rome , its file everywhere . In Italy its banner is ' the Pope ; ' in France , ' Society ! ' in Ireland , ' Religious Equality !' The equality which triumphant Jesuitism would dispense is , that of persecu tion and damnation . '' The power which sets itself above the law , and invites revenge

      beyond the law . Fanaticism listens to no conscience but its own . The tyrannicide , deaf to God and man , sees only crime , heeds only vengeance ; is Brutus when he strikes a martyr when he falls . Amid prffi torian cohorts and * indescribable enthusiasm' Louis Napoleon encounters this murderous logic . Marseilles and the police prepared a pasteboard copy of the infernal machine of the Erie Nicaise—Toulon contributed a shot at a , review—Moulins an apothecary , who substituted suicide for homicide . The uncle furnishes a deadly argument to those who would despatch the nephew . Napoleon left a legacy of 10-OOOf . to Cantillon , who attempted the life of Wellington , and boldly isstifted the murder of his rival ! l

      J _— _ x *—iS ^ . T x " I . j 1 T . i . « France is satisned , but its enthusiasm does not reach to its electors . Uni versal suffrage has retired , for the time , to its Aventine Mount . In vain prefects threaten and appeal ; nearly three-fourths of the yoters shun the electoral urn . The scrutiny is frequently invalidated by the lack of votes ; the Government candidates rarely obtain a third of those inscribed ; occasionally the Opposition makes a stand ; if it carries its list , the Prefect quashes it . Abstention is the only possible protest against such ' illimitable liberty . ' " The world is tranquil ! Its tranquillity is that of a loaded miue ,

      of a shell with the fusee burning . Such peace is nothing but a pause and an armistice . Its guarantee is neither the word uor the oath of Louis Napoleon , but the vigilance and armament of Europe . " An Exgmshmax .

      »,«^]_ __ _^ _Mimi _Imlih»L M

      » , «^]_ __ _^ _ Mimi _ IMliH » l m

      Cathedral Teusts. Mr. Whisfcon Has Addre...

      CATHEDRAL TEUSTS . Mr . Whisfcon has addressed the following letter to the Daily papers : — " The termination of my contest with the Dean and Chapter of Rochester has imposed upon meji duty , which I trust you will permit me to di > charge , by expressing through your columns my deep sense of gratitude to yourself and your numerous contemporaries , who have supported me in the cause for which I have felt it my duty to labour , and encouraged , not to say enabled , me to persevere for more than four years in upholding principles , declared by the voice of the nation to be true , and which the law or the lesislature , if not both , will ere

      long most assuredly carry into effect . It is , sir , I well know , to the righteousness of that cause , and the equity of those principles , and to no'liing else , that I am indebted for the support with which I have been honoured ; but still my feelings ^ bf great personal obligation and my anxiety to express them are not , on that account , in any way diminished . For most painfully , though most reluctantly , hare I been made to feel , that without the support of the press—informing , guiding , and reflecting the irresistible supremacy of public opinion—I might indeed have appealed for even that measure of justice which I have at last obtained , but , as who " pleads in a wilderness where are no laws "—unheeded and unheard . With regard to the judgment , though convinced of its illegality , and that I might easily evade , if not successfully resist it , I will not

      attempt either one or the other . My only object , from first to last , has been to secure the rights of the cathedral scholars , and to make cathedrals themselves , so far as is now desirable , what the founders intended them to he . Accordingly , my desire is to abstain from everything which may prejudice or hinder the earliest attainment of these ends , and therefore at once and finally do I accept the Bishop ' s determination , so far as it affects my own rights and claims . But the important question , whether the Dean and Chapter have or have not " illegally taken to themselves a disproportionate share of the cathedral revenues , " still remains to be decided , and not doubting but that if I deserve and desire it , your support for the future will be given as readilly and powerfully as it has been iu past , I have , Sir , the honour to remain your grateful and much obliged servant , Robert Whistox . "

      Democratic Movements.

      DEMOCRATIC MOVEMENTS .

      ;Letter To The French People. (Continued...

      ; letter to the French people . ( Continued from last Saturday s Star of F & eedoil ) AIM OF THE REVOLUTION — CONSEQUENCES OF THE PRINCIPLES

      SOVEREIGNTY OF THE PEOPLE . Liberty being the right of man , whoever says man , says peoplewhoever " says liberty , says sovereignty—whoever says Soveieignty of the People , says Republic—Republic , Democratic and Socialgovernment of > he people by the people . Sovereignty can no more liberwill

      he delegated than it can be abdicated . Sovereignty , ty , , cannot be represented . Then no more representative government , no more delegated sovereignty , no more will apart from the people , no more authority but that of the people , no more state separated from the people , no more legislative , executive , or judiciary power confided to one or to several by the people ; but the people state , them

      the direct government of the people , the people governing selves , representing themselves-the People-Sovereign domg his own work , exercising himself his authority , all his powers , as the only and true King-that is to say , voting the law , always capable of modification , and naming agents , then can always he revoked at pleasure . When the majority , which is becomwg greater and greater , shall reach the ideal and become unanimity , the law will be made for all , ' by the will of the greatest number and not by the smallest . The law will be the expression of the will ot the majority , last the

      and no ' longer of that of the minority , as at present . At law will be !^ it ought , the work of the people . And be sure tha the people will deceive themselves less than the government * . And he suref above all , that the people will be deceived less in principles than in men , always less clear than principles Would the people have voted the decree of the 45 centimes and the manifesto of the 5 th of March ! those two capital errors of the Prov , smnarGovernfflent ? Yet , notwithstanding , they chose M . Gamier Page * and M Lamartine , who committed them . Besides , if the people de eive themselves as their deceived and deceiving governments , that faults will at least be their own and they may always repair them .

      , It is necessary to interest them in the government , the representative systemTf which disgusts and repels them . It is ueces ^ ry to destroy the political trade . If sovereignty he not a mere word if the people be sovereign , they should be so in fact as in name hey should be so incessantly , inimitably , and absolutely . B ihe ^ ople always submit to the law , to the unjust law ^ e law TJ ^ Tv J made without right by one or severa , by others than bttenwelyes . Is that a sovereign who receives law instead ^ Xs ^ subiect that a sovereign who obeys-instead of ordering ? Such is a subject , vi . . P . .-. i _ _ * u „; - « TO n po-i < slaf . iirs . or ihev are not sovereign . The le should be their own legislatorsor they a e not sove eign

      peop , Th erefore , no more Presidents , no more representa ive A ^ ahonal council elected by the people yearly , and revocable > by them at any time , charged to present to the people the decrees to vote and the fnnclC ^ s to elect The Sovereign People has no ~ t . ^ del egates , or mandatories of any description , n any o ^ te Powers of their sovereignty . The people have only ^ £ Asters , commissioners , ser vitors-special . temporary elected re vocable and responsible , who prepare and submitthe woik to the * i > * he people , and cause their decisions fo be executed , | i * e

      ;Letter To The French People. (Continued...

      endtheL S > TV * T ereign dis P ° > - ^ e council advises , and the sovereign decides ; the council promts , and the sovereign votes . Legislation , taxation , administration , mstiee war and Eown rk T 7 , T , f the maStei > - * Wle a ^ wayst com ™ i lh 6 y ( lehbmte , n pHmar - assemblies , united by ^ Z ^^ - 00 ^^ The dePart « neui « l division exists IJJ'Sh fl ¦ ?• * ° )?***; ™ p ™ 8 but the nation , the comieSv i tlle f . cltl f - Individual sovereignty , communal sove-S £ , r lTf l sovere W' M ^ e for us the law and the prupnus . All the intermediate machinery suppressedall th

      , e adminis tration reformed , all the numerous functionaries , so costly , nnn ? w r /^ ° m Yf ^ - ^ ' » e agents of power , to the n u ™ ? , L lul " , Jred thousa » d « " * . at an expanse of five hundred munons--a U that bureaucracy , besmeared with black , bristling with pens-alt that feudality of paper-scratching which inters liberty f-T IfT ot J * ) ei > ' and c'aiises tyranny to issue from a bottle or ink—all those black and red Joids of margiiwiotiug simplified , discharged , and swept clean away-economy of resources , of time ! oi abilities , and oi money-diminutiou of the budget and augmentation ot libtiiv . °

      ihe department is no longer rational political unity . That revolutionary remedy to the provincial and feudal mind of old France , invented by ihe Abbvi Sieves , which was at first for the Revolution the means of losing and uniting the country , which was afterwards tor the £ hnpire only a method of centralisation and despotic absorption . The department has had its day . Thank God ! every man in France calls himself a French citizen at this hour . No one any longer calls himself Picard or Limousin . No one admits any more at this hour the Imperial despotism . The uncle has already disgusted us , without the nephew . Robespierre himself said in his time , " Beware of the old mania of

      desiring lo govern too much . Leave to individuals ; to families , to communes , the right to regulate their own affairs-in a word , render to individual liberty that of which it has been illegitimately deprived . " hi principle , the capital should no more absorb the commune than the commune should absorb the citizen . That which is true of the individual should also be true of the collective group , be that group what it may . The right of the citizen is the right of the commune , as of the entire nation . But , in the departmental system , the

      communal sovereignty has no existence . The communes have neither liberty , equality , nor fraternity . They have no political existence . They have neither . soul , body , well-being , will , nor power . The capital rules them spiritually and materially . The capital alone has all—administration , tribunals , banks , hospitals , markets , and press ; the rest nothing Eighty-six communes absorb thirty-seven thousand others , to be absorbed in their turn by a single one—Paris . The result is what we have seen in December . All the

      communes of France , when a single one wills it not , can neither conquer nor preserve the right , can neither defend nor maintain liberty . Out of 37 . UU 0 , 36 , 000 have not a population of 4 , 000 souls ; 16 , 000 have not more than 900 inhabitants ; 11 ,-OUU have not 900 fr . revenue , no returns , scarcely a road . The greater part of them languish and stagnate far from the centre , slaves of the prefect , the great proprietor , or of the curate , in ignorance . , misery , and isolation , under the triple yoke of authority , usury , and superstition . There is , then , atrophy , atony , and servitude , on' one side ; plethora , excess , and tyranny , on the other . It is necessary , therefore , to fuse thein , to reconstitute them all , so that each shall have its share , as it has

      right , in the general movement—so that they may all have a will ol their own , genuine liberty , real independence , and a veritable existence . It is necessary , therefore , to recompose them in groups , compact enough to be powerful , to have life and strength , to be capable of thought and action , it is necessary , in fact ; to organise them after a method conformable to the principle of equality , to assure to them liberty and sovereignty .

      AIM OF THE DEVOLUTION . — CONSEaUENCES OF THE PRINCIPLES . — UNIVERSAL REPUBLIC . Parting from the principle of liberty or sovereignty of man , we arrive first at the liberty or sovereignly of the people , passing by the liberty or sovereignty of the commune ; we now arrive at the liberty or sovereignty of all the peoples . The right of the individual , of the commune , of the nation , is that of all the nations . Whoever says , Sovereignty of the Peoples , says , Sovereignty of All the Peoples Whoever says , Republic , says , Universal Republic . Humanity is one , as is right , as is God himself , of whom it is the daughter and the

      image , —that is to say , the incarnation . Unity of God , unity ot right , unity of man . Then , all men , all peoples , have the same right of sovereignty—liberty , equality , fraternity—that is to say , republic . Republics , then , are " the governments . of ripht ; monarchies the governments of fact ; but the right should dominate the fact , and not the fact the right . All the peoples should be republican , sovereigns ofthe same title ; because they all are , we say , one and indivisible ; because no one has the right or the means to be free amidst slaves—happy in the midst of those who are miserable , because they aid or injure each other reciprocally , because they are children of one family , countrymen of one country , fellow-citizens of one city , of the same Great Republic , one and indivisible—Humanity . The

      Universal Republic is , then , the corrollary of the Revolution . That is the last and the greatest idea which has sprung from the people . It is a new truth which was produced on the 15 th of May , which it was necessary to confess on the 13 th of June , because it had been misunderstood on the 5 th of March ; it is the democratic and social dogma of human unity . That which distinguished ' 48 from ' 93 , the young Republic from the old , was , thai it upheld that great dogma , at home by the association of citizens , abroad by the solidarite ol the peoples . ' 93 , bursting the old Calhohco-feudal form , proclaimed the unity of man with himself , and with his equals of the land ; ' 48 went a step farther , —and therein will be iis glory ; it proclaimed the unity of man with entire humanity .

      The Shilling Subscription In Aid Of Euro...

      THE SHILLING SUBSCRIPTION IN AID OF EUROPEAN FREEDOM . Some few months ago a Shilling Subscription , for European Freedom , was proposed and initiated iu a printed appeal to the English public , issued with the signatures of the following gentlemen : — Bev . Charles Clarke , 152 , Buccleuch Street , Glasgow ; Thomas Cooper , 5 , Park Row , Knightsbridge , London ; Thomas Cowen , Jun ., Blaydon-Burn , Newcastle-on-Tyne ;

      George Dawson , M , A ., Birmingham ; Dr . Frederick Richard Lees , Leeds ; William James Linton , Brantwood , Coniston , Lancashire ; Henry Lonsdale , M . D ., 4 , Devonshire Street , Carlisle ; Bev . David Maginnis , Belfast ; George Searie Phillips , West Parade , Huddersfield ; James Watson , 3 , Queen ' s Head Passage , Paternoster Row , London .

      The Subscription was limited to One Shilling , in order to obtain the greatest possible . number of Subscribers , and to make of the Subscription List a Register , instructive and encouraging , it was hoped of Englishmen and Englishwomen prepared to record their practical sympathy with the cause of Freedom on the Continent of Europe . Numerous individual responses , direct and indirect , were made to this appeal . And in addition to the efforts of these gentlemen with whom the proposed action originated , a considerable number of earnest friends of popular and national right through the country &* ro been

      The Shilling Subscription In Aid Of Euro...

      engaged in soliciting Subscriptions for a fund in aid of European Freedom , the proceeds to be placed at the discretionary disposal of MM Kossuth and Mazzini . It has been thought , by a certain number of these gentlemen , that the time has arrived for a new step in aid of their individual action . Much has been already achieved by their efforts ; more than enough to be an earnest of the large and honourable success which may be expected jo result from a combined , systematic , and well-directed effort . IHias beeh yell and trtily said , that « th e sympathy of the working classes ot this country with European liberty is real , and that if persons can be fotlnd to solicit the small proof of it , which this European Subscription contemplates , it will be readilgiven "

      y . The work to be done is essentially this : —1 st . To obtain an increased publicity tor this Subscri ption in aid of European Freedom : 2 nd . To find , among the friends of popular progress in all classes in this country , a sufficient-number of persons able and willing- to communicate tne knowledge of it , and the opportunity of contributing to it from circle to circle , from society to society , and if need be , from house to house ; and lastly to systematise aid and direct the labours of all who will labour in the good cause . For these objects a Committee has been formed , consisting of the following gentlemen : — - °

      W . H . Aslrarst ; Jiiii . M . E . Marsden . C . D . Collet , David Masson . J- J ? ™ - William Tidd Matson I . S . Duneombej M ; P . Edward Miall , M . P . pr . Epps . ' R . Moore . Thomas Gllks . Professor Newman . Viscount Gdderlch- M . P . C . F . Nicholls . S . M . Hawkes ; H . Pointer .

      Austin H ' olytfa'ke W . Shaen . G . J . Holyoake . James Stansfield Tli « tlit « il . Hili 1 t . J . Watson . Dddgl & s Jfcrfold . ; T . Wilson . RoMfc H Bldhd ;

      With power to add to their number . Robert Le BflGNU , Treasurer . Wm . Tidd Matson , Hon . Sec . The period of six months has been fixed for the termination of the labours both of the Collectors and of the Committee ; and having in view the shortness of the time , and the extent of the work to ° be achieved , it is earnestly hoped that all persons disposed in any manner to contribute to the objects of the Committee will place themselves in immediate correspondence with the gentleman appointed to act as its Secretary .

      Independently of the necessity of organising the efforts which are already being made , abundant motives exist for an increased and multiplied activity , if we reflect on the condition of the nations of Europe , oppressed to the utmost limits of human endurance , and , especially at the present time , on the wholesale persecutions of the Emperor of Austria and the Pope ,. .. hi Lombardy and Venice , and in the Roman States . Against the misdoings of despotic power , it is needful that there should be a protest in tlie name of outraged humanity , on the

      part of all who feel and breathe for Liberty in England . It is time that there should issue from our land a word of comfort , of encouragement , and of approval for those who suffer a living martyrdom for their country ; that there should be a popular recognition of the sacredness and unity of the causes of all oppressed nations—Italy and Hungary standing together prominently amongst them , by virtue of their recent struggles , of the intimately connected position of their indissoluble future , pregnant with the downfall of the twin heads of that civil and ecclesiastical tyranny which would enslave the world .

      A popular recognition of these things is a duty incumbent on the people of this country . If nobly accomplished , it will bring its own reward , in an increased consciousness of the power of popular sympathies and popular will ; and will assuredly bear fruit in the progress of Popular Reform at home . Six months hence must witness , for better or for worse , the completion of the task which the Committee has undertaken to fulfil . Immediate and active co-operation is necessary to success . Let all who desire to help , help quickly . A definite and moderate amount of personal assistance , immediately given , will be the best service that can individually be rendered to the cause . William Tidd Matson ,

      Hon . Sec 10 , Great Winchester Street , Old Broad Street , City .

      Political Refugee Committee. The Committ...

      POLITICAL REFUGEE COMMITTEE . The Committee met on , Tuesday evening at the John-street Institution , Mr . Milne , in the chair . Several encouraging letters were s read , and the monies set forth below handed in . Four refugees—three ; Germans and one Hungarian—received assistance . To one was given i the money to take him to Manchester where he expects to obtain employment ; to another was given the means to enable him to commence work as a slipper-maker ; and to a third was supplied moneyy to furnish him with colours , & c , by which he hoped to obtain employ —• ment .

      V Tlie Seconcl Quarterly Meeting of the Committee will be heldd , on Tuesday next , November 9 , when a balance sheet of the receiptss and disbursements during the quarter will be laid before the meeting . ^ . It is hoped that every member of the committee will attend . Monies received by the Committee from October 28 , to November 2 , 2 ,, inclusive : — s . d . f s . dd .. From the men employed J , Wood -----10 01 at the Working Tailors B . Dyson - - - - 1 (] 0 Association , Westmin- J . Eastwood - - - - 0 C C ; ster Bridge Road - - 10 6 J . Shaw ----- i ( ([

      Hanley : From Hanley 13 s 6 d . C . Boothroyd - - - 1 0 A few friends , Green-J . Stanfield - - - - 1 0 wich , per D . Gibson - 8 ( (( D . Green - - - - 1 0 Cheltenham Republicans 2 ((( T . Boothroyd - - - 1 0 F . Clark , Wootton - - 1 i ii J . Robinson - - - - 1 0 A German Communist , Two Friends - - - - 1 0 Glasgow ----gin C . Woodhouse ---10 J . H . B . Portsmouth - 1 E . Green 10 J . M ., Meltham - - 1 R . Senior - - - - 1 0 J . De Cogan ( weekly ) - 0

      Bjudmrd. — Municipal Election, Little Ho...

      Bjudmrd . — Municipal Election , Little Horton Ward .- ) .--The Democrat Association nominated Mr . Georpe White as theheisi candidate for this ward , which is the . largest in the borough . The'hee had made no preparation , the matter being taken into consideratiotioD on Saturday last , thus affording no time for either canvassing or plaplaa cards . The Whig candidate had his staff of paid canvassers an am electioneering machinery complete . Amongst the foremost of it til Whig agents was Lightbwler , who sat on the " Convention of 11 U 8 & a the Bradford representative . As the poll progressed , White took tl til lead , and at twelve o clock was 18 ahead of his opponent , through th til spontaneous and unpaid services of the burgesses . Scores of voteotes were afterwards rejected by the Whig presiding alderman under momoo frivolous pretences ; and some of the oldest ratepayers in the ward hi ha ; the mortification of walking back unpolled , because their names we wee

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Nov. 6, 1852, page 11, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_06111852/page/11/