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      : 2 , -V. The Northern Sta£ October6,184...

      : 2 , -V . THE NORTHERN STA £ October 6 , 184 _ 9 _

      , -Ffomgn T Melligenf T

      , -fFomgn t melligenf t

      Trance. (From The 'Morningchronicle. ') ...

      TRANCE . ( From the 'MorningChronicle . ' ) Pah Paws , Saturday . —For the last two day * onmouumours have been afloat here that arrangements mare have been rnade between the French government mud thud that rf the Pope , which will lead to the most impor tnportant results as regards the settlement of the aEtomaSoman affairs . It was stated that it had been sisettlesettled between the two governments , that the EFreucFrench army was to retire from Rome with the conssent sent of both governments , and that that capital was tto beto be occupied by the Spanish array at the present lmomjDoment in Italy . I am enabled to state that the irnmtrumour is perfectly correct , and that orders have Iheenbeen already despatched for the immediate return 1 to F to France of the French army under the command of € of General Rostolan .

      T The French government , it appears , despair of ohti obtaining any farther concessions from his Holiness 831 83 long as Home remains in their exclusive possessioi son . " The Pope has all along declared that he will not not return to his capital as long as it remains in the 50 s possession af the French , and that he will enter into 00 00 terms with his subjects before entering , and that lie he is determined , if not able to return as a free and in < independant Sovereign , not to do so at all . To this re resolution , backed as it is by the College of

      Cardina oals . he continues to adhere , a « d the French go-? e vernment , therefor ? , has nots-ing for it but to take at advantage of the recent manifesto and amnesty isao aned by his Holiness , which , though , published ft freely and of bis own accord , they affect to consider a a concession made to them . The array is therefore ti to be withdrawn , and it is announced that the J Trench government hopes , by diplomatic means , to 0 obtain hereafter from bis Holiness a fuller and more C complete amnesty than the one recently published .

      A Council of Ministers was held to-day , at which j i t was determined that immediately after the opening t of the Assembly the government should demand a 4 credit of thirty millions of francs toward * the ex-] penses of the Roman expedition . The object of the ; ministers is to bring on a debate on the whole qaesi tion of the Italian expedition , with a view , if possible , of obtaining a vote of the Assembly favourable to the ministerial policy . It remains to beseen bow his Holiness will get on with his subjects under the exclusive protection of the Spanish troops . The belief here is that the Spaniards will not be able to maintain tranquillity in Borne , and that we are on the eve of farther troubles in that city . In that case , fresh intervention will he necessarv , and it is not at all impossible that the final settlement of the Roman affairs will ultimately

      devolve upon Austria . It is thought that the French army will have evacuated Italy within the next month , bat it is probable that the dispositions of the National Assembly wib modify its movements . The accused of the 13 th of June , who are to appear before the High Court of Justice , yesterday received copies ot the documents "which are to figure jn the proceedings ; but copies of the indictment cannot be communicated to them before to-morrow or Monday . Tbe' Repuhlique' says ;— ' We have just been Informed that our friend Felix Pyat has written to one of his correspondents at Paris , announcing his intention to surrender himself to appear on the 10 th of October before the High Court of Justice at Versailles . '

      The * National' publishes a letter from Brest which states that tbe war steamer Archimedets lying at anchor in the roads , folly equiped for sea , to convey to Madagascar the parties accused of having participated in tbe insurrectionary movement Of June last Significant Pacts—The Democratic Association in Paris had announced a grand concert to take place on Sunday at the Chalet in the Champs Elysees , and a considerable number of tickets bad been distributed . The police authorities , however , considered that such an assembly was dangerous to public tranquillity , and the concert has been forbidden .

      A certain agitation has been preceptible for some days back amongst the lowest ranks of tbe population . Applications are made to the working classes to ask for higher wages , though not with any success . Several new revolutionary journals are to aupear on the 1 st of October : on that day , also , it is said that tbe secret societies are to meet in some of the raubaargfcwd that an attempt is to be made to Eound tbe"Hrcmen as to their dispositions for disorder . AH this attempt will , however , prove a comp lete failure , ss the authorities and General Cbanearaier are oh tbe alert . —Morning Chronicle .

      The ' Times ' - ' correspondent writes : —* A dramatic piece entitled Rome' bas been presented at the theatre of the Porte St . Martin . Tbe piece purports to be an epitome of the events which have taken place in tbe « Eternal City' antecedent to the foundation of the short-lived Republic , as the assassination of M . Rossi forms a leading incident of thepl-it . There is no doubt that the mischiefmakers of that tumultuous quarter of Paris profited by the circumstance to give expression to their revolutionary tendencies ; and the feeling was carried to such a point that , whenever tbe assassin of the unfortunate Minister of Pope Pius IX . made his appearance he was received with uproarious applause by a portion of the mob who crowded the galleries . Jfany of the most respectab ' e portion of the audience , however , quitted the theatre , apparently iu disgust .

      4 But if tbe murderer was received with applause , the French soldiers who appear in tbe piece were invariably greeted with hisses and huntings ; and in the latter part of the melo-drama the Chant du Jtepart and other revolutionary airs , were got up , and chanted by a full chorus in the gallery . Beyond , however , making much noise , no act of violence was committed . It is considered probable that the p iece will be withdrawn from representation . ' Letters from Agen state that the Council-General of tbe Lot and Garonne , which hzd been summoned to hold an extraordinary session , has been unable to transact any business in consequence of tbe Democratic members having wilfully absented themselves , and thus prevented a sufficient number of members from being present to legalise their proceedings .

      A new democratic journal is about to be published ia Paris under the direction of M . Fiocon . It will be called tbe' Revolution of 1818 . ' Gebuax Refugees . —A letter from Bourg , in the department of the Ain , states that several German refugees bare passed through that town on their road to Havre . Amongst lbera was Colonel Bleinker , who commanded a numerous body of insurgents in the Grand Duchy of Baden . He was accompanied by Hehzen . ihe agitator , and a single . dragoon . These refugees travel at their own expense , and appear to be well supphed with monr-y . We find the following additional particulars concerning the magnificent manifestation at tbe Theatre of the Porte St . Martin , in the 'Daily News' of "Wednesday : —

      The grand speciacleentiiled 'Some * was first given on Saturday evening . His Holiness the Pope is the p rincipal personage , ; and is first seen as a soldier , next as Bishop oi Imola , afterwards as cardinal , and finally as Pope . The name of the piece was of course sufncentte attract crowds , and the theatre was crammed to excess in every part , immediaUy on tbe opening of the doors . Before the rising of the curtain the blouses in tbe gallery amused themselves by singing the ' Marseillaise , ' 'Mourir pour la Fatrie / and other patriotic airs . Tbe first three acts passeditff quitly enough , both Houses and cristas Joudly applauding . In the fourth act the Pope is represented as making liberal concessions and

      grantting a constitution to bis people ; but instead of meeting with their gratitude , the pe . iple rise in revolt . His Holiness goes among them , and says : « It is foreigners who have caused you to do this . ' A t the word 'foreigners , ' an uproar of the most terrific description arose . Shouts , yells , hisses , ' catcalls , stamping , snatches of the 'Marseillaise , ' with cries of * "Vive la Repuhlique Roraaine , ' 'Vive les Remains , * blended in hideous confusion , and literally made tbe roof shake . Tbe occupants of tbe boxes , and the orchestra valiantly made bead against th'E demonstration by heartily applauding , but the atsutes decidedly bad the best of it . They occupied tbe Gitr ' aste by shooting en nume , again and again ,

      snatches of revolutionary songs , and especially the chores , ' Les peuples sant too / oars nos frerrs . ' Tbe next act introduced the triumvirs , and represented the attack on Rome by the Freneb . One of the triumvirs , ia tended for Mazzini , harangued away in pompous mejo-dramatic style on tbe duty of defendingthe Vatican against tbe French , of dying for liberty , and natioaal independence , && . This drew down thunders of applause from the galleries , with disapprobation from the boxes and orchestra . The Homes singled out one gentleman in the boxes , who was rather noisy in his demonstrations , strongly insisted that be was if . de Falloux , and clamorously demanded that he should be put ' a lapotte . ' A man fa a red Mouse , with his & iir and beard ar >

      Trance. (From The 'Morningchronicle. ') ...

      ranged to represent the portraits of Garibaldi , nex * appeared before the triumvirs . He was received with a perfect hurricane ot delight by the galleries and pit , answered by hhses ane catcalls from the , other parts of the audience . The uproar continued ; for some time , acd at length Mazzini and Garibaldi began to talk in a patriotic style , which gave rise to renewed plaudits , and marks of disapprobation , the former , however , greatly predominating . The last tablau is tbe capture of Rome by the French . It

      was expected that the hanging of cannon , the rattling of drums , the sight of French troops . at Rome , and . be waving of the French flag from the Vatican would have soothed the gods ; but not to be seduced from their sympathy with tbe Roman heroes , tbey made greater uproar than ever . Rarely has a more frightful tumult been heard in a theatre ; and seldom a' row' sustained for so long a time . Finding it impossible to proceed , tbe performers fell back and the curtain fell . The tarzult now became U

      possible greater than before . The stage manager at last presented himself , and , after waiting for some time until silence was partially restored , said' GentlemenI' 'No ! no ! ' shouted the Houses ; Say Cit ' xms ! Citizens ! ' and the uproar appeared to increase in violence . The unfortunate manager waited some time in patient resignation , but in vain — the tumult continued . He then made some observations , but not a word could be heard . When he withdrew the llouset raised a

      fearful shout of ' YiVe la Repuhlique 1 ' and 'Nous sommesfreres ! 'apparently well satisfied with their night ' s exploit , and then retired . In the course of tbe evening several of the more boisterous of the gods were dragged to the station-house by the police , andaltogetherthe row' was perfect of its kind—so perfect as entirely to usurp the interest that might otherwise havebaen bestowed upon tbe piece , which was entirely lost sight oi by the belligerents on both sides . ... . ..

      On Monday tbe piece was again played , two of the scenes being left out , namely , that of the triumvirs and Garibaldi , and that of the assault by the French , but the democrats made as great a row as ever , and applauded a entrance all the passages in their sense which abound in the piece . It was amusing to bear the remarks of some of the conservatives among the audienc ? , who talked of no less than the impeachment of M . Dufaure for daring to allow such a piece to be performed at all . The press of course are divided iuto two camps on the point . The Abbs Lamennais . —The 'Reforme' annonnefs as follows tbe appointment of M . de Lamennois as its chief editor : —

      * Our friend Rebeyrolles has been obliged to exile himself in order to avoid tbe prosecution of the royalists whom he had so energetically combatted He bas gone away , but in the foreign land he will not he wanting to the' Reforme , * and will not cease to afford it his co-operation . We have addressed ourselves to the most illustrious . writer of democracy ; we have made an appeal to his devotedness , to the sacred cause of which he is the glorious apostle . M . Lamennais has understood what the people expected of biro ; be bas torn himself from repose ; with the z * al which bas never shrunk before sacrifices , he has ceded to our solicitations , and we are happy to announce to our readers that from this day M . Lameenais has become principal editor of the'Reforme ' . '

      OPENING OF THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY . Paris . Monday . —There has been no excitement whatever to-day at the meeting of the Chamber , bere were very few more people about the bouse than usual ; although a few blouses were seen around and aton < the quays , they were not allowed to loiter . The democrat members were in full force on their benches , but the Chamber was by no means full > only 490 members being present . As I informed you would be the case , the government immediately demanded the necessary credits for tbe payment of tbe Roman expedition , and it is supposed that they will be voted by considerable majorities . Tbe conviction is gaining that M . Dafaure will keep bis portfolio . After the members present had been called over by a scrutin de division , M . de Tocqnerille ascended the tribune , and announced

      his intention of proposing the credits above mencioned . He said that the moment bad not arrived when the French troops could be removed fiom Rome , but that the present state of negotiations gave well-founded hopes that the occupation would not be prolonged . fle'begged to present a project of law for a credit of UQfiOOL for supplementary expenses arising out of the Roman expedition ^ He asked further , that a committee be chosen to which ibis project of law should be submitted . This was granted The minister of war then presented a project to Ibe same effect , demanding a credit of 6 , 817 , GQ 0 fr . ; and tbe minister of marine a projeet also to the same effect , demanding a credit of 1 945 . 000 fr . The money thus dsmanded for tbe expenses of the expedition amounts to some £ 350 , 000 iu addiuon t j £ 50 , 000 previously voted . The projects of law were all submitted to the same

      committee . The minister of finance then presented another project of the law , moving for the payment of the pension allowed in 1842 as dowry to the Duchess of Orleans . After some other formalities of no interest at present , the Chamber adjourned before five o ' clock . Much anxiety exists in Paris as to the conduct of Russia in the affair of tbe extradition of tbe Hungarian refugees at ISiddin . This caused another fall at tbe Bourse to-dar .

      SWITZERLAND . A letter from Geneva states that a duel has taken place near Lausanne , between Sergeant Boicbot , tbe Socialist representative for Paris , and a Spanish officer of the Regiment of Isabella Segunda . It appears , that whilst on board a steamboat tetween Nyon and Lausanne , Sergeant Boichot spoke in dis . respectful terms of the young Queen of Spain and Donna Maria of Portugal . Count Moreno , of the above mentioned regiment , contradicted in strong terms what was stated by Boicbot . The latter repeated what he had said , and added , ' I hope that the Spaniards will some day prostrate themselves hefcre Lola Monies and choose her for Queen . ' The

      Count instantly demanded satisfaction for this language . A meeting was arranged for the same evening in the wood of Greni , on the brink of the lake . The Count was attended by an officer of Dragoons , and a colonel in the service of the King of Wurfemberg . Sergeant Boichot bad as seconds M . Felix Pyat and Dr . Perrio , of MonttouJ . They fought with pistols at a distance of twenty paces . No injury was done at the first shots . On the second fire tbe Count was severely wounded in the shoulder and neck , and at tbe same moment Sergeant Boicbot received a ball between tbe ribs of the left side . He was so severely wounded that it became necessaty to carry him from the ground on a mattress .

      ITALY . MANIFESTO OF THE POPE . POPE FIOS IS . TJ HIS WEIi-BElOVED SUBJECTS . Scarcely bad tlte valiant armies of the Catholic Powers , who with a true filial devotedness have cooperated in the re-establishment of our liberty and of our independence in the temporal government of the States of the Holy See , delivered you from that tyranny which oppressed you in a thousand ways , than we not only addressed hymns of gratitude to the Almighty , but we at the same time hastened to send to Rome a governmental commission in the person of three considerable prelates . They were charged to resume in our name the reins of civil government ,

      and to advise on tbe measures which were called for by circumstances for the interest of order , security , and public tranquillity . We are occupied in estab lishing the bases of institutions calculated to secure to you , our well-beloved subjects , suitable liberties , and at the same time to secure our independence , which we are obliged to preserve intact in the face of tbe universe . This measure has for object to satisfy tfose who have merited our kindness and our esteem , and to undeceive those unfortunate misguided men who had taken advant ¦ ge of our concessions to overthrow social order . ' 10 convince every orle that we have only at heart your true and permanent prosperity , we have of our accord , and with the full knowledge and pientitttde of curaatltority , decreed as follows : —

      'Art 1 . Therei * instituted at Rome a C . uncil of State . It shall give i s advice on bills before they are submitted to the sovereign sanction . It shall examine all important questions in ea « h branch of the public administration , on which it shall be consulted by uscrbyour Minis * crs . A special Jaw shnP determine the number and the quality of the councillors , their duties , their prerogatives , the rule of their discussions , and all that may be connected with the regular working of so important a concession . ' Art . 2 . A State Consulta shall be instituted for the finances . It sha l give its opinion on the budget

      of the State ; it shall examine into the expenses ; it sha'l advise on the establishment of new taxes , and on the reduction of existing ones ; on the best mode of assessment , on the most advisable means to be adopted for the re-establishment of commerce , and on all which concerns the interests of the public Treasury . The members of the Consulta shall be chosen by us from lists , presented by the provincial councils , Their nunber shall be proportioned to that of the provinces , whichiJJumber may he increased by a determinate addition of persons which we thall reserve to as the right . name . A special law shall

      Trance. (From The 'Morningchronicle. ') ...

      determine the mode of presentation of the members oi the Consulta , their requisite qualifications , the toocc of managing the affairs of the finances , and all wbsch may effectually and promtlv contribute to the reorganization of that important branch of the ouulic service . „ , . . , ., 'Art . 3 . The institution of the provincial councils is confirmed . The councillors shall be chosen by us from lists presented , by tte eovnmuual councils . The provincial councillors shall discuss the loeal interests of the province , the expenses to belaid to its charge , the accounts of receip ts and expenses of the interior administration ; that administration shall be directed

      by an administrative commission chosen by each provincial council , and for which it shall he responsible . Some of the members of the provincial council shall be chosen to form part of the council of the chief town of the province , to assist in the functions winch fall on the municipalities . A special law shall determine the mode of presentation , the qualifications and the number of the councillors for each province , their duties and the relations which are to exist between the provincial administrations and the great interests of the State , and the limit to which the latter is to extend

      . ... ... . . . Art . 4 . The representations and the municipal adminis " trations will enjoy the most extensive franchises as far as regards the local interests of the communes . The election of the municipal councillors shall bo based on a large number of electors , principally having regard to property . Those elected , besides such qualification which are intrinsically" necessary must be in the payment of a certain amount of taxes which shall be determined by a law . The chiefs of communes shall be named by us , and their deputies by the governors of the

      province from a triple list presented by the communal council . A special law shall determine the qualifications and the number of the communal councillors , tho mode of election , the number of members of the municipal administrations ; and shall regulate tbe duties thereof , making them consistent with the interests of the province . 'Art . - 5 . Reforms and ameliorations shall also extend themselves to judicial order , as well as to the civil , criminal , and administrative legislation . A commission shall be named to occupy themselves with this important object .

      • Art . ft . finally , being always led hy the inclination of our paternal heart towards indulgence and pardon , we wish on this occasion to perform . an act of clemency towards the misguided men who were impelled to felony and to revolt , by the seductions , the incertitude , and perhaps by the inertness of others ; We must have present to our mind , in this circumstance , what is called for by justice , the rights of others oppressed or destroyed , the duty which is imcumbent on us to protect you against the return of the misfortunes which havo overwhelmed you , by the obligation to remove you from the pernicious influences of the corrupters of all morality , and from the enemies of tho Catholic religion—that eternal source of all happiness , of all social prosperitywhich has caused your glory , and which distinguishes you as an elect family of God and favoured with his especial gifts . With these feelinss we will

      that there shall be published , in our name , an amnesty for the penalties incurred by all those who , within limits which shall be determined , shall not be excluded from this benefit . Such are the dispositions which for your welfare we have thought it our duty to publish before God . At the same time that they are compatible with the duties of our apostolic funct'ons , we have the firm conviction that they may , if faithfully executed , produce the happy result which is desired by enlightened and honest men . I have for guranteo the just sentiment of each of you , whose heart sighs for happiness in proportion to the trials undergone . But , above all things , let us put our confidence in God , who , even iu the midst of a just anger , never forgets his mercy . ' Done at Naples , in the Faubourg of Portici , the 12 th of September , 1849 , and in the fourth year of our Pontificate . ' Pius P . P . IX . '

      With the niotu proprio of his Holiness has been published the following notification : — " GOVERNMENT COMMISSION . ' * Ilis Holiness our Lord the Pope , having regard to the circumstances which extenuate in a certnin number of his well-beloved subjects the culpability of their participation in the political troubles which have recently afflicted the Pontificial States , desiring to show more and more the truly paternal kindness of his heart , and using his full power in favour of misguided men , rather seduced than seducers , has ordered us to make known in his august name what he has deigned to decree in consequence of Art . G of his sovereign muto propria of tho 12 th of this month . We , therefore , in conformity to the

      venerable command of his Holiness , hasten topubhsh the following dispositions , according to the terms of the sovereign idea expressed to its : —To those who have taken part in the last revolution in the Pontificial States is granted the pardon of the penalty to which they shall be liable for the political oftbnees for which " they shall be responsible . The members of the Provisional Government , the members of the Constituent Assembly who have taken part in ( he deliberations of that Assembly , the members of the Triumvirate and of the government of the Republic , the chiefs of the military corps , all those who have already on a former occasion enjoyed the benefit of

      the amnesty granted by his Holiness have forfeited their word of honour in joining in the late political movements ; in fine , those who , in addition to political offences , have rendered themselves guilty of other crimes provided against by the laws now in force , are excluded from tho benefits of this amnesty . The present amnesty does not imply tho maintenance in the employment of the government , or in provincial or municipal posts , of those who have rendered themselves unworthy of them by their conduct during the late events . The same reservation is applicable to the military and employes of all arms .

      "Given at our residence at the Quirinal this 18 tb September . "Della Gksca Saumatei . Yj . v . v / CKtrj Cisoxr . Atrium . " ROME , Sept . 19 . —After Generals BedVau , Magnan , Guesvilliers , Saavar , and a host of others , having been mentioned as positive successors to General Rostolan , the question appears to be now definitively settled by the arrival of General Randon at Civifa Vfcchia . The situation of commamler-in-chiet ia csrtainly a very responsible one just now in Rome ,

      and hut little calculated ( unless the line of French policy really changes as much as is hoped ) to bring honour upon ( he individual who holds it . The French officers themselves are indignant at the treatment their army has received from the restored government , and but little disposed to become the submissive instruments of ecclesiastical tyranny , but military discipline and tbe supr . me decrees of cabinets are alike unanswerable , so that they content themselves with a shrug of resignation , and fl mysterious remark , that it is une affaire ires compliguee ,

      The triumvirate of cardinals , meanwhile , continues its onward march in the rele : ; tless line of conduct laid down for its observation . A list of some two or three thousand persons has been drawn up , and rvery tffvrt is used to send them out of Rome , as they are all those individual , whether Romans born , or inhabitants of the provinces , in any way remarkable for the part they have taken in the late movement , or the opinions they have expressed concerning it . Many of these have received intimation from the police , in a private way , that they had better quit the city , an < lhavebe ; n presented with passports for ' . he provinces , although on inquiring whether tbey should be free from further molestation in Roraagna or La Marca , tbey received the unsatisfactory reply that the authorities in Rome could not be answerable for the actions of the Austrian

      commanders . Some individuals on the condemned list have absolutely refused to go , unless compelled to do so by force , or by a positive and public edict . This step , has been considered either impracticable or injudicious , and is therefore , for tbe present , suspended . Mazzini ' s address to the Romans , dated August 5 , ult ., calling anthem to imitate the example of the Lombards in abstaining from French products , has already appeared in the English papers . The following appeal , which bas been just secretly printed and widely circulated , may serve as a fresh demonstration of tbe spirit that prevails throughout the country : —

      ' Citizens of the Roman Provinces , r—The cry of our brothers of Lombardy and Rome has been , Italians , abstain from French products Their deeds confirm the patriotic intention , nor must vie show ourselves inferior to them in resolu . tion . Let manufactures , wines , and all french merchandise find no place in our shops . Let them he consumed by no one who feels a love for his country . The strvile jaumals of the French liberticide government already deplore this blow to French niffrest , but s * tk to overcome it by their usual sophisms . They say that wn cannot do without their manufactures , their cloths , their wines . False ,

      as usual ! Let us show them that the wine of our hills is more grateful than their adulterated liquors , and that we spurn clothing prepared by thea-sassins of our liberty . Thus we shall serve at once the cause of honour and the interests of Italian commerce—we shall encourage many of our fellowctizens , impoverished by the despotism of foreign manufactures . Not that we intend to break off with the people of France , but her oppressors binder us from maintaining friendly relations : the victim can have nothing in common with the executioner , or with the servants of the exseufcioner . Fathers of families , husbands , wives , and aN wnng people that love Italy , to you is entrusted jfecfot ..

      Trance. (From The 'Morningchronicle. ') ...

      7 , rTn ^ Tmrtional plan . Although some few fitaMl of-the MWMi y fc satellites ofjjjgj * £ ""^ that thelr examp ? e l % \ T ? mlowcd bV anyone in whose heart lives a Sb 0 f m ? SSTiSp «» fa" . and wh 0 feelsthat spark of »™ "" It ,,,. the fruit of our common cr ssx ^ x -p , *« - * jv » - L y ' n « c tirnthers Meanwhile courage and hope . tT ^ ofZm im ^ i ^ ot t ^ P 7 his ' hn gu 8 gemay beconsideredratberhighflown , huflaiurey ^ that it finds a warm response in Tehees o ( the people ; and , as a proof , I may aJhS ^^ tny shop keepers have to my certain Zled % , given up keeping Fremd . product preferSthe cloths of Spoleto ( although far inferior 0 those of Senan and Looviers , and encouraging the 10 tnoseoioB of Home to imitate SSrf £ of uxSy for which Paris bearslhe vaunt With regard to « , an English frtad- of mine save a dinner the other day , and not a Roman present would touch the champagne , as being

      antina France will find that the bayonets of her soldiers in Rome have struck a severe blow at her own commerce ; and England , also , may regret , when virtually shutout from all traffic with this peninsula , that a franker and more generous support 0 / Italian nationality had not entitled her to an eminent place in the gratitude of a rising people . As it is , Ausin the of either

      trian influence prevails ports sea . Austrian troops occupy Tmcany , Romagna , and La itfarea , besides the imperial provinces all round the Adriatic coast . The free port of Venice is almost abolished , and in fact it is only in the Ionian isles that British products ) destined for the Adriatic , can find a depot free from foreign iufluence . The continental powers well know that , to attack England , they have but to assail her commerce . dated the 21 st ult

      Private letters from Rome , ., state that the irritation felt there in consequence of the Pope ' s m anifesto was very great . They also mention that this feeling was participated by the French soldiers , several of whom were put under arrest for having torn down or otherwise defaced the copies of tbe manifesto affixed to the walls . The amnesty , in particular , was made the object of popular odium . The Itilian journals are unanimous in their opinion of the pape . 1 edict and amnesty . Florence , Turin , and Genoa alike speak out in this sense , and consider the act as impolitic , and essentially contrary . to the interests of the popedom . The most seriously religious men are those who are most alarmed At Rome the edict is treated in a way

      clearly showing what is the feeling of the population . The papal motu-proprio and amnesty have been posted up a second time , and again defiled with mud , and in several places with blood . The attitude of tbe French military authority is quite expectant . It awaits orders from Paris , but disapproves de facto the measures ordered by tt : e papahgovernment ; and whilst tbe cardinal dare not walk the streets of Rome for fear of encountering the popular fury , the victims marked out by their inquisitorial decrees walk about freely .

      The « Concordia' of Turin , of the 27 th ult ., gives the following account of the persons excluded from the papal amnesty : Members of the Provisional Government , 9 ; members of the Constituent Assembly , 200 i triumvirs and ministers ( Mazzini excppted , who is not a Roman ) , 12 ; commanders of different corps , 14 ; persons amnestied in 1846 , and especially excluded by the present amnesty , 6 , 000 ; officials under prosecution , 4 , 000 ; the corps of gendarmes now dissolved , 3 , 000 ; total , 13 , 235 .

      PIEDMONT . —At tbe sitting of the Chamber of Deputies at Turin on the 25 th ult ., the report of the commissions on the bi'Lpresented bj the Minister of Finance for authorising him to collect the taxes for the present year was read . The house then dacussed a resolution proposed by the Minister 0 ' Finance for raising a loan of 75 000 , 000 of lives to pay the war contribu . ion to Austria . After a stormy discussion the resolution was passed by a majority of 119 to 21 . A demand , made by the Minister of Finance for an additional sura of 21 , 000 , 000 for extraordinary services , was placed on the oiders of the day for tho' 26 th , and the Chambsr adjourned .

      SICILY . —The official journal of Catania of the 9 th ult . announces that serious disturbances had taken place at Nicosia and Grammichele , two communes of the province of Catania , in consequet c : of the re-establishment of the tax on flour , which had been abolished by the Provisional Government . Several wealthy inhabitants had fallen victims to tbe popular vary . A military force was marched against the rioters , and order was restored .

      SPAIN . Much sensation bas been excited in Madrid by a Carlist manifesto , published in the 'E ^ peranzi'in French and Spanish , and ' in the name of fourteen millions of Spaniards . ' The document , which is directed to his Imperial Majesty the Emperor of all the Russias , begins by congratulating him on having saved the north from revolution ; and begs him , now that his attention must be more free , to turn his eyes to tbe fourteen millions here , who ,

      since the year 1 S 30 , consider him as the best ally of their sovereign , who has always expected his help . It calls or . the Emperor to form a coalition with the northern powers , to put an end to tbe revolution in France , and establish legitimacy tbeie again , and to hecin his work by taking possession of the keys of the Black Sea , in spite of England or Lord Palmer ston . That by neglecting this opportunity , his Majesty runs a risk of seeing parliamentary government in St . Petersburg , that he has the same ri ght to interfere in France as in Hungary .

      GERMANY . Debates ok thh New Prussian Constitution . —The Berlin Chambers had been debating the oclrojed constitution . The revising committee of the Second Chamber proposed to restore the righi of taxation to the psople , by omitting the first seven words of the 108 th article . On the 25 th ult ., this proposal was carried , against the opposition of Ministers , by 212 to 93 . On the same day , the First Chamber ca-ne to a resolution also modifying the octroyed document . Thereupon Manteuffd , the Minister , made a declaration which was regarded as

      a compromise on the point ; but it was so ill received , that the majority against Ministers was expected to be greatly increased . On the 26 th , the Second Chamber to a great extent ended the work of the preceding day , by adopting an amendment to the effect that in case there should he any delay in bringing forward a new / budget in consequence of disagreement between the two Chambers , the taxes hitherto voted are to continue to be levied until an agreement is effected . The Crown may now make use of the First Chamber to defeat the control of the people ' s bouse .

      HUNGARY AND AUSTRIA . The greatest discontent and immense excitement prevail in every village and overall th « rural districts of Hungary . The news of the capitulation , of Comorn is not confirmed . Joseph Von Rudnianski , Bishop ot Marbial has been sentenced by court martial to be deprived ef his bisboprick and is to be placed in close confinement for six years . The ex-Minister Tangis was carried in chains to the prison of Neugeband , where Baron Terengi , President of the Board of Maynites , is also con ! fined .

      M . Schwal , the principal rabbi , of the Jewish community , bas been sentenced to six years' close confinement , for having preached a political sermon . The Hebrew communes in Hungary are doing all they can to soften the hearts of their oppressors , and have sent delegate ! to intercede at the foot of the throne for a remission of the burdens laid upon them . As an instance of the exactions by which whole communities are made ti suffer , the Arad communes that were mulcted by General Schlick to the amount of 30 , 000 florins ( £ 3 , 000 ) , are obliged to pay 10 , 000 in silver and 800 in gold ; in addition to which tbey are required to provide a hundred thousand round * of cartridges , vrithia six weeks ' time , at intervals of ei » ht davs ; for every day that yields nothing a fine of 200 fl ' . rins , by wav

      of penally . They are also expected to bring their share to the contributions laid upon the . Banat Israelites , though Arad was never reckoned as belonging to the Banat . There were 10 000 calfleather pouches , 10 , 000 infantry cloak- -, ' 10 , 000 pair of slnvt , and 5 . 000 pair of half . Lo u * —all to be got ready within four months , in equal rates , and for every delay a fine of 1 , 000 florins awarded . The demand for ball cartridges must be particularly annoying to a conquered people ; nor is it easy to see the object of this singular requisition , now that the Austrian army must be well off f < r ammunition ; and at a time when so much is said of reduction in the ar ray - not to mention the impossibility of complying ffi ( h the demand in six weeks .

      Letters from Gnefenberg give but a poor account of Count Stadion ' s health . He appears to have los the power of articulation . [ This beast was one of thepnncipal authors of tbe wrong * inflicted on

      Trance. (From The 'Morningchronicle. ') ...

      Hungary . His crimes have thus far been punished with insanity and other horrors . He has his reward . ] . A correspondent of the 'Daily News * writing from Vienna on the 26 th alt . state that on the 23 rd ult . the war council sitting there had resolved to accede to the Magyars in Comorn , insofar as concerned the amnesty required by them , and the exchange of 200 , 000 Kossuth florin notes for the same amount in tangible gold and silver , whereupon the Magyar chiefs would leave Austria and emigrate .

      REPORTED SURRENDER OF COMORN . The 'Times' of Thursday , says : — -A postscript to our Vienna letter of the 28 th ult ., contains the announcement of the surrender of Comorn , and that hostilities bad ceased . The Cologne Gazette' of yesterday has no news from Comorn ; but it affirms on the authority of Vienna letters of the 27 th ult ., that Kossuth and his companions were already safe on board a British man-of-war .

      TURKEY , RUSSIA , AND AUSTRIA . PROBABILITY OF WAR 1 ( From the' Times . ' ) CONSTANTINOPLE , Sept . 12 .- —I mentioned in my former letter that an aide-de-camp of tbe Emperor Nicholas , the Prince Radzivil , bad arrived here from Warsaw . The day of his arrival he , in company with M . de Titoff , the Russian Minister , had an interview with the Grand Vizier . On the following day Prince Radzivil had an audience of tbe Sultan , to whom he delivered an autograph letter frero the Emperor , containing a demand that the Polish refugees now

      in Turkey should beg ven tip , an recommending that the Hungarian refugees should be abandoned to the Austrians . This letter is written in very strong terms , and it is said tbat its tone has givtn great offence to the Sultan . The Czar insists that the Polish refugees shall be given up to him , and the Hungarian refugees to the Austrians . He employs no argument in support of his demand , bat he says that if bis wishes be not instantly complied with he will take hostile measures against Turkey . He requires a short and explicit answer—yes or no . The Polish and Hungarian refugees are at present at Widdin , and the Emperor says in his letter that the

      escape of a single one . ofthese men from tbe place where . they now are he will consider a tisxisoelta . The Grand council has mel almost daily since the arrival of Prince Radzivil . M . de Titcff and the Emperor ' s aide-de-camp complain of unnecessary delay , and the latter threatens to relurnto Warsaw if a definitive auswerbe not given to Czar ' g letter today . Two posts back I informed yon that the Porte had refused to give up the Polish and Hungarian refugees at the demand of tbe Russian and Austrian representatives , and that the Sultan approved of the decision ot his Ministers . The Sultan persists in tbe resolution that he came to at the time and the Grand

      Vizitr , Mehemee All Pasha , the Seraskier , and the Minister of Foregin Affairs , are on the side of His Maj » sty : but thegreatmajority as the council have , it appears , been alarmed by the threatening tone of the Czar ' s letter . The ' consequence is , that no official announcement of the decision of the Grand Council has yet been made . The representatives of England and France encourage the Porte , it is said , to resist Russia ; arid there is reason to believe that the Turkish Government , prompted by their own ssnse of justice and national dignity , and urged on by Sir S . Canning and General Aupick , will reject tl e demand of the Emperor .

      It is to bi supposed that the Russian Emperor will put his threats of war into execution should the answer to his letter be in tbe negative . With the almost constant northerly wind a fl * et will reach the mouth efthe Bosphorous from Sebastopol in twenty-four b-nrs . Nearly the whole of the Turkish fleet is , however , in the Golden Home at present ; all the ships fully equipped and ready for sea , and there is an army of 60 , 000 men concentrated about Constantinople . A current runs downwards from the Black Sea , through tbe Bosphorus and Dardanelles , at the rate of four or five miles an hour ; and this , aided bv a northerly wind , makes it a verv

      tedious and difficult thing to get through these Straits unless towed by . steamers . This gives immense natural advantages to Russia , who , moreover , has in her favour her relative proximity to Constantinople . An English fl » et could not reach the Dardanelles fr « m Malta in less than 12 to 14 days , nor culd the slrps get through the straits to the Gnldp . R Home in less than three or four days more . With the fleet here at present the Turks raay be able to defend the entrance ti tbe Bousphoru * , but their army bears no proportion to tbe forces which tbe Emperor can in a few days march across the frontier .

      SUSPENSION OF RELATIONS BETWEEN TURKEY AND RUSSIA . Constantinople , Sep . 10 . — The French steamer which ought to have left yesterday will not start till this evening . She was detained by the French Minister , General Aupick , tbat he might be able to send to his government the final determination of the Port with regard to the Polish and Hun . earian refugees . Princs Radzivil , the Czar ' s aide , de-camp , docs not return to his Imperial master till to-morrow . He was to have left Constantinople today , but he delayed his departure in hopes that the Turkish government would reconsider their

      determination not to gratily the Emperor Nicholas ' s thirst for vengeance upon the unhappy refugees . Prince Radzivil has not hesitated to say openly tbat it is the intention of the Czir to have every one of the Polish and Hungarian fugitives now iu Turkey hanged the instant they fall intn his hands ; and after this unblushing avowal he has the hardihood to insist upon the extradition of his intended victims . The whole Turkish nation protests against being made participators in snob a murderous policy . The Grand Council with one vo ' ce have determined to resist the demands of Russia and to defy her threats . The Sultan has approved of their resolution , and in

      this his Majesty is supported by the Shiek-al-Maem , or chief of the religion , and the whole corps ofUlemas . The Sheik-uMslaera said that , to give up these poor refugees would be a violation of one of the first principles of the Mussulman religion , which ordains that the followers of Mahomet shall give hospitality and protection to all who are in misfortune without distinction of creed or country . In the interview which Prince Radzvil had with tlie Sultan , his Majesty did not disguise the indignation lie felt at the demand of the Cz , ir , and at the overbearing tone in which it was made . As to Austria , she has sunk into c < svap \ ete insignificance ; her name is not evta mentioned in the present

      negociations . September 17 . —From the cotnmencsment of the present question the Turkish government had refused to comply with the demands of the Empsror of Russia for the extradition of the Polish and Hungarian refugees . But the Parte wished to do so in the manner least calculated to produce anv unnecessary irretaiion . This mode of proceeding did not coincide , it seems , with the instructions which M .

      de Titoff had received from the Czar , and he therefore , in the afternoon of the 15 th ult ,, made known to the Port , that if within thirty hours from the date of his note the Turkish government did not give a decisive answer to the demands of the Emperor he would suspend all di plomatic relations . The Russian Minister , at the same time , ordered Prince Radzivil to refuse the audience of leave which bad been offered him by the Sultan .

      Late last night the Porte communicated , to the Russian and Austrian Embassies its final determination of rejecing" the demand of the Emperor for the extradition of tbe Polish and Hungarian refugees . M . de Titoff has , in consequence , suspended relations with the Porte , and Prince Radzivil has taken his departure for St . Petersburg . The '' Constitutional' states vbai it is the intention of the Sultan to remove the Hungarian and Polish refugees who have taken refu e in his dominions to Lonstantinople . For that purpose a sieanw was despatched secretly on the n ght of the 15 th to Varna , to bring Owm to the capital , whence it would be easy to send them t : » Eng ' and .

      AN ENGLISH FLEET ORDERED TO THE DARDANELLES . The 'Genoa G-aette' of the 24 vh ult . announces bat passengers arrived that morning from Naples by the steamer had bnu ; ht the news t at the En " 'i b fl « t concentrated at Malta had received orders to proeee ^ to the Dardanelles . [ This requtes co „ fi ^ w ° - ' ? * lelt f r datei 1 , ha 17 { h « lliai ° from Smyrna , mforras us that an insurrection had broken out u . the island of Samos . Troops had been sent here from Constantinople , who , at the departure 0 the couner , were still nghtte g agmst the insurgents . The « Debats' bas the following letter of the 16 th ult ., from Constantinople :-

      \ esterday , after the ultimatum handed to the Porte by the Russian and Austrian ministers , General Aupick decided on detaining the- Teleruaque steatn-packet for taenty . four hours , in order to au-

      Trance. (From The 'Morningchronicle. ') ...

      nounce the result of that step to his government . I take advantage of this circumstance to add some details to those I sent you yesterday . It was only this evening that the reply of tbe Divan to that ultimatum was made known . This morning the Minister of Foreign Affairs addressed to the French and English ministers a note , in which he put the following questions to them . Do tbe treaties of Kutcbuk-Kaynardjiand of Passarovitch give the twopowers , Russia and Austria , the right to demand the extraditions of the Hungarian refugees ? 2 . Would the refusal of the Sultan to deliver them up be considered an infraction of those treaties ? 3 .

      Could the two powers in consequence of such refusal declare war aganst the Porte ?— i . In the event o f the two powers declaring war , would England and France support Turkey with an armed force ?—5 . Are the refugees claimed by Russia the subjects of that power ?— 6 . In case the refusal of the Porte should only cause a rupture of relations between the Divan and the ministers of the two demanding power and a state of coolness more or less prolonged of these two powers towards Turkey , would France and England interfere to re-establish the relations on their former footing ? Soon after the recei pt of this communication , the French and English Ambassador f

      had a conerence , and decided on replying by a collective note , which was delivered in the course of the day to the Turkish Minister of Forei gn Affairs . The reply , if I am well informed , is as follows : —On the first question , No ; the treaties alluded to do not confer the right on Austria and Russia . —On the second question , No ; \ he refusal of tbe Porte would not be any infraction of the treaties . —On the third question , It cannot be atU mitted that such a refusal could be followed by a declaration of war ; and such a declaration , if it took place , would be unjustifiable . —On the fourth question : Tbe two ambassadors cannot guarantee

      the co-operation of the armed forces of England and France without rceiving special instructions . — On the fifth question : It is impossible that some of the refugees claimed by Russia may be still subjects of that power ; but for the generality of them , it is incontestable that the refugees , whose extra * dition is demanded , are not Russian subjects . —On the sixth question j Yes—France and England will actively interfere with Russia and Austria to re-establish good relations between these two powers

      and the Porte . There can be no doubt , in my opinion , but that this note will powerfully contribute to maintain the Porte in its former determination ; that . 'he ultimatum will be rejected , and there will result a rapture of relations between the Russian and Austrian ministers and the Divan . But a declaration of war for such a motive would appear such m odipus act , tbat we can barely admit its possibility . There is , however , everything to be dreaded on the part of a power such as Russia , and Europe will dawell to be on its guard .

      The Turks are not at all uneasy . They cannot comprehet . d that war will be declared against them solely because they have refused to give up a few unfortunate refugees who have confided in their honour ; and they accordingly rely on tbe support and sympathy of the whole of civilised Europe , The good Turks , however , are not blindly trusting to the chapter of accidents or to the dewees of destiny . They are actively preparing for all hazards . Ail the available troops have been ordered ^ from the frontiers ; the army of Roumelia , 40 , 000 strong , is ordered to hold itself in readiness to march at the first signal ; and tbe provincial redi fs , or Iical militia , have been embodied .

      The castles of the Bosphorus are to be fortified ; the greater part of the fl ; et is arraad and equipped ,, and can , in the course of a few hours , cast anchor at the mouth of the Black Sea , so as to defend tbe entrance of the Bosphorus . Nor does tbe Turkish government appear to be wanting in what is expressively called the ' sinews of war . ' It has plenty of rrady money with which to commence war , and the Minister of Finance has declarad his abilitv to place 40 , 000 , 000 at the disposal of tbe Minister of War , without delay . The Sultan has offered an equal sum from his private purse , and we are assured that even the mosques of the capita ) , whose wealth is enor-« ons . are prepared to make the greatest saciifices to support the government on a question which all pious Musslemen regard as one of religious principle .

      INDIA . The sentence on Moolraj has been commuted into transportation for life . It is believed that be will sentt ) Singapore . The cholera has been very prevalent in Bombay , as well as at Poonab and in the D = ccan generally .

      NEW SOVTII WALES . Another Rebellious Colony . —By way of Singapore , advices have arrived from Sydney to the 11 th of June . The revival of the transportation system , indicated in Earl Grey ' s despatch of the 3 rd September , 1848 , is strenuously opposed by the colonists . In the Legislative Council , on the 1 st of June Mr . Cowper moved the following resolution relative t ) the despatch : — 'That this Council declines to accede to the proposal therein contained for the re « newal of transportation to this colony , and strongly protests against the adoption of any measure by which the colony would he degraded into a penal

      settlement ; and that this Council , therefore , would earnestly entreat her Majesty to be graciously pleased to revoke the Order in Council by which this colony has been again made a place to which British offenders may bJ transported . '—This was carried unanimously . On the 10 th of June , howeverja cargo of convicts arrived at S ydney , in the Hashmeney . ' The colonists were instantly up in public meetings . On the 11 th of June , the people of Sydney ' assembled as one man , ' under the chairmanship of Mr . Lowe , their Member in the Council ;

      all public business being suspended for tbe day . The meeting adopted resolutions solemnly protesting against the act of the Colonial Office—as a violation of lbs will of the colonial majority , clearly expressed at all times ; as a breach of faith ; as an invasion of colonial freedom and of local self-government ; asan injustice p litical and social ; and as a great hazard to colonial relations with the Mother-country . The protest was handed to Governor Fitzroy who signified his intention not to land the convicts from , tbe' Hashmeney' until the answer of Earl Grey should have been received .

      WEST INDIES . JAMAICA . —We have receivfd our usual correspondence and files of papers from Jamaica to tlte 7 th of September ; their contents are interesting . The new Colonial Parliament assembled for the first time on the 5 th of September , and on the very first night the Country party showed that the general election had proved favourable to their cause , they hivingr displaced the former Speaker of the House , one of thc ' goveuuvient party , and elected i ; i his stead Dr . Morales , from their own ranks .

      The Governor addressiiil the House in a speech of ' ordinary length / taking a review i > f the financial condition of the Island , and urging the House to proceed with the business of the country .- The reply to the speech was agreed to by the House tbe night before the packet left , but had not been presented . It was mild in its language , but firm , declaring the ri ght of the House to manage their own finance ? , and expressing their determination to maintain that right . An amendment to the address was offered by one of the government , or ' King ' s Mouse , ' party , pledging the House to raise the ordinary revenue , but the original address was carried—24 to 14 .

      UNITED STATES . An arrival had taken place from California . One million dollars have been received . A serious affair has occurred between the French and American governments . It seems that the trench minister of Washington sent an impertinent letter to the American cabinet relative to compensation demanded by his government for losses in the Mexican war , amounting to one or t * o million dollars ; that tbe American Government complained to the authorities in Paris of the spirit oi the letter , and received for answer an approval thereof Ity the government of France . Thereupon the cabinet at Washington presented the ambassador with his passport to b we . The affiir has created great sensation .

      The fall of Venice , and the confirmation of the Hungarian disasters , although anticipated , and weighed heavily on the minds of tbe large majority «« i « . bu AsHr . ricin citiz-. ns . A deep feeling of sympathy for Kossuth and his compatriots was everywhere expressed , and the hatred towards the traitor Georgey was indescribable . Imprisonment for debt has been abolished throughout the entire state of Virginia .

      The Mormon emigration in the direction of th ' e Great Salt Lake , was said to be larger than ew » Several hundred waggons passed Council Bluff , by the latest accounts , on their way across the plainp , ' The Mormon votes are now looked upon as of cows siderable influence . In the Nauvoo district the Mormons voted for the Lscofoco candidates . Ia Monroe district , in Iowa , tbey voted to a mac . for the Whigs .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Oct. 6, 1849, page 2, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_06101849/page/2/