Current:

Northern Star (1837-1852), 5th December 1846, Edition 2 of 3, Page 7, IRELAND. The accounts from this unhappy ...

Page 7
Page 7
7 of 8

On this page

  • Departments (2)
    • ^ fottiw M&mnm. _
    • eTowmal anir ffioztign inttllitttim.
  • Text (6)
  • Transcript

    • Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.

      Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.

      Flfflmgw & 1846 _ /_ , The Northern Star...

      flfflMgw & 1846 /_ , THE NORTHERN STAR . 7

      ^ Fottiw M&Mnm. _

      ^ fottiw M & mnm . _

      *• - Ritdll War, At Leastm Words, ¦• A B...

      *• - ritdll war , at leastm words , ¦• A t the manifesto of the * ' Apos-• ^ iri ' -and of Austria , announcing the incorpoloi \ - i } - Cracow with trie oilier states cussed with ^' " -laitrnal" sway . We also gave the lying and J" * , ^ proclamation of Field-Marshal Castigtione , \ nstri "" " deputy . We now proceed to indicate $ e" \ y \; feeling of MTestera Europe regarding this *** , , jn' atrocity of she royal robbers . * We shall in a ^ L * vlaM rive a few extracts from the French the * ' * j- * ?* % „ nal d * s Debate , the organ of LouisThi-• J'ss nublkbcd a number of articles pretending - *?* 5 tr . dnaiation at the conduct of the Triune -7 " te «; its hypocrisy only excites universal 5-1 L-V- noone believes in its pretended sympathv f ihe Poles- Ind-cd both the B ' elaU and the Epoqie ? Jj , t ' s organ ) pretty plainly admit thai the twi ., cii " oveniment is dissatisfied not at the wrong

      5 „ ;<• Poland , nut at the mauner m wlr , eu it has { La tlone . The Courrier Fntncais plainly charges aJ French Government with having entered into a «* r . t rlfonce with the Northern powers ; and that i nui > -i'hiJipp e and Gu ? z- < t are (« ectetly ) consenting j ^ riio to the seizure of fr acow . The Seicle says , if Eug ^ nd and France should enter into a sincere j | li . ii ! ct ~ to defend ihs cause of nations , what enemies fjj'd resist them ? The * Austrian Eagle would dfcs-. 'i * ^ rom ^ ta * '« P ° ' and would rise resuscitated £ . « the tomb in which she now lies interred ; Gerj ^ , . v could be free , and a new era would commence for Europe . " Tlie Conetitutionnel advocates the

      a > ih n c ct France and England , and denounces the pciii-: *" , tyranny , and cruelty of Austria . The vile / Vv * j ihe most infamous of all French journal * , die b ^ B . -i-t and sold tool of . Nicholas and Mavia-Curistit-a , was lately nnblnshmgly advocating an alliance of France and Russia for the purpose of crushing En .-and , yet now , when pi © -Polish s-ympathy is fashionable , pretend * , with daring effrontery , to be very virtuously indignant at the villainies of its masters ! The Sational has spoken out in some mot admirable articles , which we regret we cannot through want of room to transfer to our columns ; we must content ourselves with the following extracts : —

      A shadow of Poland w-. s too much lor thts Royal pira :-. s . It became necessary to annihilate that shadow ! An-i liiis feat i-s e ^ ecu-ed under the eyes of the other Powers "f Europe , -unk in their materialism , uud-r the ever of France , which assists , like a body possessing sek- ~ e . * muscles , brains , nor b . ood , at this hist act ot de * . « - -ic violence . Well ! be it so ; let a * confess that we are . xhaust-- ! an-1 sit-out to die ; the voice of nations Ja » tm longer nny ec ' o ; French society in becom ? a sptcirsof herd ^ hk ' i tetds aud fatu-nn . It that what vou airbed , noble citizens , orerfe- ' - m-. inopolizzi-s ,

      sovertisns for the moment 1 But you have still the pretension t . i possess a tua ^ hine of a Government - yon speak stiliuf taws , treaties , rrgu ' . ar relations , but you posses no life . What signify laws , if they are to be outraged ? "flTiiat the utility of treaties , if they are to be torn to shreds when they interfere with our projscts ? What be . 'omesof . utcniatiunal law , if stipulations'guaranteed by five Puwers are to be violated by three ! Is it brute force thai you proclaim ? Say so , and proclaim it luu-Jly ; wc wilt repeat it in a still louder tone , and until tfct listiuM * hmT Ur-J

      The treaty of Yienna is the basis of the aggrandisement -: Russia , Austria , and Prussia . Austria owes to itanaostall that she possesses . It is by virtue of Autre .- * ., ; . u . 2 t Prussia figures iu lbs number of the great Em i-p . au states . Russia caused to be inscribed in it the sa-n-dou vf ht-r conquests . Will they say that this treaty i ^ s fallen int-j disuse ? Let tbcm then d- dare it ; not : or apart , but for the entire ; and the nations will hut ni-h enUiusissin the complete ruin of this work uf jp . ,: i-. u < n . * * # XlitreKtll ^ er-afttr be no treaty of Titnna The- fainon * compact wh-ch the victorious coalition signed is destr »« t . i . Lei ns appkmu J Italy , tnslaved , h :. s h- rcAiter fall liberty to rise in insurrection ; theRheuMi provinces

      xasydeclare themselves independent ; bwi ' . 2 erland need no i-n ^ cr r = r * pect ihe condition * imposed upon her by tbe Treaty of Vienna . Xu Po » ' « . r can hereafter iuvuke the authority of its conventions . A law nhich binds not all binds none . There is no longer any law ; there are but interests and capricious

      The Democratic Pacifque rejoices that there is an ecd to the treaty of Vienna , the combat will now co-. i . ui- nee betw ten nations and their oppressors . It repudiates a cunyess of the present govcrmutiits , observing : — To surmi : to a congrc ass the qaestion o * Polish nationality ; : Ud the revision « f the treaties of 1 S 15—to prepare new chains for miurc mankind , when tse chiet ' s of the liber jcide league have Ihtmstlvts destroyed theoldsyste ^; , v onld amount to nothing less than a shamefal Capitu :-itioii after a victory . The more absolute governments rcnutr thamselres gratuitously odious , the nearer will be Ihe iioi-r of triamph for nation al rights . Ih . ¦ J . ' eforjiie caiis fur " a few ijunpowder trains " alii . ; : ti : e ll-jineand the Alps , a fr . ittruial alliance wi ifS ' - 'itznlsm ! , aitd a general invitation to the pr'T : eribt : d of all nations : —

      Tlirt > u , ; h Loaibaroy , Tyrol , and Germany , the advanced ^ nard ot'free nations would soon penetrate to the hestt ofEur « pe . and , enfaanccdon iheir way by myriads ot suff . iing fellow men , present to their tjnti : ts an iuduuiitabie piuiiaux . If Frtsch dempcracy were , to orgarrz-j - proj-ag-nda , even were England to take part against us with the hai bariaus ( nhich Irclan .: « ud her people will never iiriini : ) it would be setn in the course of a few mouth- - what is the real Wciglit ol the armies and crowns - f pci jured kings . To-day success would be as certain as alter Julv , 1 S 30 . Were th = French revolution to raise her fre < - voice , Europe would instantly arise , and the nations Jegiaded by slavery aud oppression would burst their fetters . But , unfortunately , no trust can he placed on the gorernuHnts cf cither England or France , and , if no other avengers arise , we may write on the tomb of Poland this epitaph—i-uiij PoZonJcc .

      As re ^ arJs the L oudon journals , we believe that the only-journal which has failed to offer some exprosiol : of sympathy for Poland—real or jmrtended , is the Mornuig Post , winch has infamously volunteered a defence of the spoliating miscreauis , justifyiug the seizure of Cracow , w ich it speaks of as " a pestiferous focus of sedition , conspiracy , and imposture . " The Post , however , like theiV « je , is strongly suspeesed of being in the p < y of lhusia . The Times deiiounct s the seizure uf Cracow as a most flagrant , dirrcr , aud unw . trnintaWe violation of the treaty of

      > i una . It holds up the Austrian gcvernineut t-. i execraiion , as the imitators of the authors of the St . Baithulouiew iuas ? acre , ( vide the butcheries ii . Gailicia . ) It bitterly reproaches the Prussian King for his dishonesty and cowardice in acting , in oieuicne ^ to the imperious commands of Knssia , as " an accessary before the iaci , " in ** this renewal of a political c . line which has ie -n f- » r fifty years tnc shame of r ya ' tty . " The Trine * adds that , " * the annihih-. liou « f Cracow is tiie miiUiiati » n of the treaty of Vienna , " and pieiiicts that " the next f tep ot the X-jrlhcm papers will he against each Other . "

      The Morning Chronicle denounces tnc seizure oi Cmcjwasa crime equal to " robbery or piracy , an exertion of mere brut :: force , iu defiance of all the sanction- ; of moraiity . and public law . " It fiercely denounces the French government , aud exposes the hypocrisy of it > orj-ans , but it is ea ^ y to perceive tha t a * < -o *' i deal of tise t'Anmicte ' s inaignution arises from the f-ct oi L rfl Patnicrston bavin ;; been out-jockeyed by Loins-Philippe in the Spanish iuarriages . Indeed , the Chronicle avows thai it regards the Montpensier marriages as more important than the cjusnmmation of Poland ' s extinction . ThcC 7 * ro ««/ e ad-. ; s ,

      " thatastheattempttorever t t .-ataci bj anappealtj arms would be both rash and useless , the possibility o jucii an appea cannot be held forth to affect the the re-tilt , l-. ni . 3 anu iculd not think seriously of giing to w = r wi rave l / racow , ai . d , therefoie , sit eanuoi use ' -he language « f menace . But she may nse the language < -f warning , « fec . " Thissuffich-ntiy indicates ihi " forcii 1 fcebie" actk-n of the Whig Cabinet . The Advertiser , Dail y Netiv , Sun , Globe , and Standard , denounce the tez-are of Cracow in language more or iess 3 roug , as au incurable breach of the treaty of Vienna , and an act of infamous Criminality .

      LORD PALMERSTON'S PROTEST . We take the following fr # m the Journal des De fcste . - — "LondoB , Nov . 27-" Lor-J Palmerstoa yesterday despatched to Lord Ponsonby , the English ambassador at Vienna , the protest against tho coup d ! ( tat that has fallen on Cracow . In this document , rather long , ai : d » vritten iu cool terms , Lord Palmeraton reasons on the hypothesis that the usurpation of Cracow is a * yet but projected , and adduces argument- to show the inconveniences of such a proceeding . lie discusses , nut , fte two questions of right and necessity . On the

      former he established , by appealing to the text of the treaties , that the c-cditiuus laid down in a solemn engagement entered into by eight powcif , cim-E & t be modified annulled by three of them . On tha question of necessity , Lord 1 ' alm . rston does not tither admit the solution which the Northern * Wrs seem inclined to adopt , that three of the fiostpowerfal states in Europe s-hou'd speak of the l 6 M * sity of destroying the existence of a poor little '" - 'PKblicot only ISO < jO ( Js"ul » , is inadmiESibhs . The ^ en , likewise , . o iiplain that Cracow had become * 8 c-jutre o ; coiispiracy and of political intrigues . * ut evt n in admitting the reality of the fact , two hyr-ituests sug-jest themrwlves—either these « ouBpira-

      *• - Ritdll War, At Leastm Words, ¦• A B...

      ware persons ot the wuasry , 01 - tu * , y c-u . c nom utside . In the second case , it is not Cracow , but powers themselves who are to be blamed for it , t-ince their territory incloses on all sides that of the re . public In the first case , is it possible to believe that a city Use Cracow would refuse three powers like 1 / ussia Austria , and Russia , to put down consr . ira-C 103 , and cut short intrigues , for which these powers would then have so just a cause for complaint ? And if it was foolish enough to refiire , whatditiiculn could tlus-j three powers ever meet with when forced to exact justice for themselves , within the terms of the tr-aties ? Such is nearly , it is said , tlie protest of the Minister of Foiei ^ n Affairs ol Great Britain . A ropy of this document was also forwarded to Lord Normanby , to be communicated : to M . Guiznt "

      Although no authentic copy of the " Protest" has | yet appeared , wc have no doubt that t * . c above is | substantially correct . We arc fortified in the belie ! from the fact that the Chronicle in quoting the above frmn the Vbats , offeisnot a word of contradiction ore rreetion , except as regards the date , ihe Ckro-. uicle asserting that " the Protest was - ei : t off by } Lord fanners oa several days before the 2 uth . " Tiie j ab-tve make-bciieve piece of fudge is then the m se--i able sequel to the big words mouthed by Lord Pal-1 nicrst-.-n in the last session of Parliament . Let our ¦ reader .- consider the humbug of Lord Paimerston ! pretendtfl" t '> tseat the question cf Cracow ' s extinc-! tion " hypothetic-ally . " when , at the time the Proj te > t was written , it was notorious to all Europe , and j announced by Austria officially , that the ikdpcnd-: enee of Cracow was at an end .

      IVe come now to more important , becaese honest " protests , " the protests , not of dishone .-t governments and jugglim : statesmen , but of the people . In the fir « t place , wc give the

      ADDRESS OF THE CENTRAL POLISH COM

      MITTEE OF PARIS . " The republic of Cracow has ceased to exist ; the t tea ties of 1815 have been insnlently violated ; the last vestige of Polish nationality has disappeared by the tact of a monstrous usurpation . Winn the hav . d at " oppressors tears the compact imposea by the « pprcssvrs themselves , it is not merely to civilised <; ovcrnmiute ahme that such a violation of ail rights dictates their sacred duties ; nations have also tlieirn . The tacit indignation of all honest men is not enough ; it is the energetic and unanimous protest ol fiee nations that ought to reply to the attacks of despotism , and to warn it that if the justice of nations sometimes slumbers , it has , sooner or later , a terrible awakt-uin- ' 1 cracow is no longer anything but an

      Austrian city . The three powers , cn-shr . riiig , have just perpetrated their last crime against the nationality " of Polau ' l ; but this crime has increased , from one * end of Europe to the other , the indignation » hkh at has . intervals was excited there by the partition of 1772 , the reaction of 1831 , the massacre ol ISiG ; and more than ever confidence may he fell in the future prospects of that natiouaiitv . It is impossible at present to raise up Cracow , if Poland , in its totality , be not raised up too . Poland , of which tbe ruin has been so audaciously proclaimed in the face of Europe , and partieulaily of Fiance , which has sworn by the organ of her three great powers that the Polish natiouaiitv should not perish ! The

      republic of Cracow , the last resting-place of the country , still alarming the powers , and they Ciwt her ashe * to ihe winds . It remains henceforward proved , that the treaties of Viei-na , on which the balance <¦ ! " power in Europe was definitively said to he founded , was nothing but a deceit —a fiction which for a length of time , could no longer mislead any one . Austria , Prussia , and Russia , in favour of whom these treaties were drawn up , show , in violating them , wliat attention Europe ought to pay to them . Poland , with the national and independent institutions which au article of the treaty of Vienna had piomh-cd them , deeply disquk-ted , sixteen years back , the co-slaring powers ; and therefore , after the re volution nt Warsaw , the Czar hastened to tear up the

      con > titutionotjPoland . Cracow preserved all the traditions > f the country that was lost ; and thus , after having stifled in blond the last cry ot . independence , the three usurpers at present hasten fc > annihilate the last vestige of Poland , which a principal article ot the same treaties of Vienna , however , called a f city ! Dencef » rward , there is no alternative possible ; either absolution must predominate in Europe , or else liberty . France represents , in the eyts of the world , the cause of 1 'bcrty ; she is pledged to the sacred cause of Poland by her principles and her promises—by the principles of her revolution , aud by the promises of her Chambers and of her government . These promises are a sacred guaranteea guarantee which we cannot witbdmw ; for it was

      on our part not only a proof of sympathy , but an act of gratitude . Let us , in fact , go hack to the European crisis caused by the movement of July , 1830 ! Let us call to mind the dangers caused io France by that crisis I An impious erurade was then resolved on against France by the absolutist | owers . Russia had already her advance-guard aud her main army . The advance-guard was Poland herself , but at the moment of departure , ihe advanced guard , as the illustrious General Lafayette remarked iu the Tribuue . turned against thei . 'iaiH ariisy . ^ War , which at thai periou we then th-iught inevitable ; war , which menaced cur institutions and the new

      dj nasty , jxirticukirly die new dynasty , was ci-njund away by Poland . And besides , wc repeat it , this is not alone the cause of France , it is that ot all nations , the cause of justice and liberty ! The Central Polish Committee cannot and will not keep silence in the face of the new iniquity with which the Northern Powers have sullied themselves . It is in the nsme of justice and liberty , in the name ol nations themselves , that it joins its protest to that of the whole civifz d world . * ' For the Committee , " Count de Lasteyrie , President . " Vavis , dejiiitv of the Seine , Secretary .

      The Nationaland Reforme publL-h the following

      THE DEMOCRACY OF FRANCE TO TIIE DEMOCRACY OF EUROPE . " The last wreck of a vast empire , which for age 5 formed a barrier of civilisation , menaced by Mussulman barbarism ; a ; dugie spot spared from the odlusrapine of the three powers , -iccompdccs in the destruction of a great people , still recall ; d its memory , like those funereal crosses erected in places where a murder has been perpetrated . This wre ? k has just disappeared , this cross the mardereis have ovei turned . Instead of the Polish flag , which , under the guarantee of the most solemn treaties , floated upon the walls of Cracow , Austria , that same Austria which owed to Poland her safety in an extreme danger , has substituted its own , encouraged to

      the crime by the impunity of former offence .-, aud by one of those bargains for mutual assistance whic ' . i brigands make io , the depths of their caverns . A-: the clauses of the treaty of Vienna had already been insolently violated by Rusr-ia . In concert with her allies , and for their common object , she had already almost consummated the abolition of Polish nationality . And by what means , what violences , and what crimes was this consummation effected ? Deeds , such as history can offer no other example of , and which , perhaps , hereafter , she will refuse even to believe . ' To recall even briefly those infernal scenes with which three soveriegiishave Triehicned mankind , would lead u > iar beyond the hmiis of this document . It would lie neci-s-arv to lolJow

      executioners through fcci-ca of carnage perpetrate--in n . c silent fortresses of Prussia , in tin : dark dungeons o ) Austria , in the deserts and mines cf Siberia . H |< oii public places transformed into slaughter-houses ; inio the homes of each family weeping the exile or tiie death of those dearest to them ; weeping for their country and their religion , aud forced io renounce the very latiguage of tiieir ancestors . It would be necessary to show a Government which dares tocal ! itself Christian , urging one entire class of its subject-: to the masacre of another class , without distinction of age or sex , by the offer of an infamous bribe , after h-ivius first deceived and brutified them . It Would be necessary to paint fire ar . d murder spread over a whole cotintrv whicli was converted , by the

      premeditated desit'ii of its Government , into one tomb . It would be neeessmy to relate how among those who have survived this universal assassination , are found more than three hundred miserable little creatures under three years old . incapable of telling who they arc , _ without father , without mother , without known relative , the foundlings of blt-od . The French democracy believes it to beiis duty to protest against these execrable crimes ; to protest against all the acts of which the avowed object lias been the final destruction of Poland ; to efface the very name of this people , so glorious and so unfortunate , from the map of Europe . Tlie French democracy helieves it to uc its duty to call for similar protestations from all those who think that nations ought not to be

      abandoned as the prey of violence , who , out of France share the sacred principle of its i evolution ; of all those , in a word , who are animated bv a sense of ju * tice and humanity . Let tbcm rise in their strength , and in the firmness of an irrevocable revolution , 1-tthem rise as one man , and say to the oppressors , whatever name , be it despotism or aristocracv they assume , We nnder you thanks . In tearing the last veil with which you enveloped \ ourselves vou havedissijated the last illusicna of tio trusting minds , jou have removed the last pretext for inaction ftoni the timid and the weak , you have hastened vour ruin and accelerated the fall ot your detested reign . There exist sinister pacts which you called treaties , under the shade ot which were hich

      concealed your plots against the human family , w vou de ; lined to one eternal slavery . You have yourselves tosn these treaties . Positive law exists no longer . As to natural law , that imprescriptible right whicli secures to each peop le as to each individual its properexistence , you proclaimed that- yon discard it . The right of force is tbe only one that you acknowledge . Let force then decide between y < u and us . In tho mad pride of your material power , which ve ftar not , because we trust in another power—in the power of true right aud of duty—you declare war on all nation ? , on society itself , which exixts only in virtue of duty and of right . Be it so ! ne accept this war . War on condition * which makes it holy is victory for us . Were it otherwise God would " not be God J Doubtlegs there will be martyrs ,

      *• - Ritdll War, At Leastm Words, ¦• A B...

      but be well aasunu that after the struggle you will present yourselves not proudly surrounded by your bloiidy assistants , hut brfore ihe solemn tribunal ol social justice as upright as it is inexorable . There will be weeping and gnashing of teeth , and there also will bethe pure joy which the assurance of a hapf } future will excite in the hea-ts of nations . Democrats of all countries , brothers uniting the same faith witli the same hope , henceforward adopt unity of aciio : i , which will neither he superceded nor relaxed . Elevate in the mid ^ t o * Mibjiigated Europe the standard

      of its emancipation . ' Let the nations s'art up at tht ; signal , and by one unanimous effort shake off ihe chains with which they are loaded . The hour i .-come for each to fulfil its dutv . To dav the combat —to-morrow the triumph : up , then , all ! L'Abiir Lamr . v . vais , m . m . dk couutats , Lepru Rollin , A . Giixard , Gouochaux , Fekbi . vaxd Floco-n , . Akmasd Maubast . "

      The Journals announce that the above address will be translated into all the languages of Eiuvpe , and 500 , 000 co ' iies will be put into circulation-The above journals publish the following answev of the Central Committee of the Polish Dcmocrat ' r Society to the above manifesto : —

      DEMOCRATIC POLAND TO THE FRENCH DEMOCRACY . "The assassins of Poland , by tearing asunder the treaty of Vienna , have thrown the gauntlet to Europe on the hist remainder of eur fatherland . " Detwd-atic France , now as faithful as ever tn the duties which tiie holy revolution accomplished by her fathers had imposed upon her , has armed herself with the weapon of her right to be the first in the onset , and has answered the challenge . Thanks t » her J " She has not been a defaulter to Europe , neither will Europe be a defaulter to her . '• In the name ot democratic Poland ( ami there is no other Poland in existence . ) we offer to France the indissoluble alliance of a nati n which has never deceived tlie hopes of ht-r allies .

      " l ou have seen Poland protciting with arms in Iwiid tin a hundred battle-fields , ar . d so you will see her again ; s-he is preparing for new struggles , am ! that-last iniquity , by inspiring her with new energies , will have only hastened her deliverance . " Henceforth the treaty of Vicuna has ceased to exist for Europe ; this deed of spoliation which never was obligatory with Poland , has been torn in pieces by its very authors . " In its stead the alliance of nations stands up again st > - ( in 2 cr than before . None will be able to rend it asunder . " The Members of the Central Committee of the Democratic Society , in behalf of 14 G 2 of their fellow-countrymen . " SIXTEENTH ANNIVERSARY OF TIIE

      POLISH REVOLUTION . On Sunday , the 29 th of November , that day being the anniversary of the Polish Revolution of 183 ' ) . a number of Polish Refugees , assembled at Sussex Chambers , Uiikc-street , St . James s , under tho presidency of Captain Jablnuski , when several resolutions were adopted , including the following : — 1 st . —Proposed by Mr . Wiercinski , and seconded by Mr . Prusinowski" That the Asgcmbhd Poles having found a hospitable refuse in England , mid enjoying tlw blessings of freedom in that country , where they can publicly express their own feelings and those of their oppressed brethren , do not cense t- protest most solemnly against that partition i-f their fatherland by tiie three despots of Russia , Austri .-i , and Prus-ia , considering it , as well as every act connected with it , down to the incorporation of Cracow

      with Aust / ia—which is the last deed of their long and ignominious conspiracy—as a flagrant aud atrocious robbery . They denounce it a- injurious to Immunity and to the safety of the liberal institutions of Europe ; and they warn and entreat , in the name of civilization and liberty , all couci-rned in thi- prescrv-ition of them , to vindicate their sacrert rights thus biBtrag-d by the execrible policy of tne spoliators of Poland . That , faithful to the cause fur which they took up arms on the 29 tli of November , 1830 , the Poles are ever n-ady to sacrifice their li vi s for it , thereby to advert the imminent danger with which Europe is at this moment tlirtatenid , in the confident hope thit tbe interest of the enlightened countries of Western Europe , and the interest of other Slavonic nations , will induce them to co-operate for the reeptablifhmt-nt of Poland among the free nations , in or-Hrr thnt she may again became a bulwark against the incursions of Asiatic barbarism . "

      2 nd . —Proposed by Mr . Jackowski , and seconded by Mr . Tericeki . " That tbe Poles express their feelings of contempt and iniiignution towards tiie Austrian CKirerninciit for its iniquitous an < truacherou * . conduct in Galieiu and Cracow ; that pertidinus Government having organised and paid bands of assassins , and incited the ignorant peasantry , to muider the nobility and clorjiy in Galicia , rhi- « -K- nfi < -rwai < l * ihe cuilt oi that crime upon the citizens of Galicia and Gracow , imprisoned tlie patriots w ! : o es-- » p-- « the knives of . he murderers , pr-jclaimeil tliauks to the perpetrators of those atrocities for their fidelity to the throne ; and , finally , annihilated the IV public of Cracow , and ineotpor . tted it with tlie Austrian dominions . "

      MEETING OF THE POLISH DEMOCRATS IN PA MS . ( From the Reforme , of November 30 h . ) The ^ members of the Polish Democratic Society , who reside in Paris , met to-day at one o ' clock , in the hallofthe ^ Atlicnamm , rue Ouchot , in order to celebrate the anniversary of ihe Revolution of the 29 th of November , 1830 . On this occasion , ns in firmer years , the members of the Democratic Society were forced to content themselves with a purely Polish manifestation . Tiieir meeting was numerously attended . Its proceedings were such ns they onuht to have been in presence of the recent blow inflicted on Poland : they were full of dignity , nf firmness , and of hope iu futuritv .

      MEETING OF THE POLISH DEMOCRATS . IN LONDON . The I'olish Democrats assembled in London on the 16 th anniversary of the Revolution of 1830 , seeing that the recent efforts " of their country are still imperfectl y apprech ed , resolved to pay a j ust Iributeto the cause of truth , as well as to the self-devotion of their countrymen , by making the following solemn declaration before England and the world at large : — I , That they consider the Revolution of 1830 ,

      which they meet to commemorate , mi rely as the beginning of a series of eff rts , on the part , of Poland , to recover ii at independence of which the three partitioning powers had treacherousl y depiived her ; thai as existence and freedom of action -were to her a necessary condition o * fulfilling towards herself and mankind , the divine law of justice and pio-iress , her first effort since the partitions must have been mainl y directed towards independence , freedom , national strength , and , as a guarantee of th-se , the i' tegrit y of natio : al b -nnd--ries . Hence will this effort remain

      hir ever the groundwork of every further and moie perfect manifestation of our nat-oiial life ; but bence , also , the unavoidable necessity of not contenling ourselves with aiming tit those objects of our former endeavour , but stamping our subsequent effor's with that new character , which national life has assumed in its further developemen * . II . That the insurrection of Cracow , as defined b y the manifesto of the 2 ' 2 nd of February , 1846 , was such further developement , improvement , and progress of tiie movement be ^ an in 1 830 . That , although maligned b y the enemies of projre = s and popular lights , it still remains a holy manifestation of t- ; e national will , thought and feeling , and , although apparentl y destroyed b y the snares of Piussian police and massacres cf Austrian assassins , it lives in and

      swajs the h-arts of ihe Polish people who are hencefoith determined to adhere in all future struggles for their emancipation , to the princi p les contained in the above-named manifesto . That the revolution of Cracow , b y abolishing all privileges and class distinctions , b y endowing the agricultural classes with landed property ( a princip le diameliicall y opposite to that c-ommunist'C tendency of which it hits been fal-el y accused ) bas laid do > 'n the basis of the future life of Poland , has satisfied the

      exigenciesofhernahonalexistence , nerfi ctedtheievolution commenced in 1030 . and thus proved herself to be advanced in the march of national progression . 111 . That the Polish people , as a people , has not participated in the massacies jieipetrated in Galhcia by the order of the Austrian government , paid by Austrian money , directed b y Austrian officers , spies and soldieis in disguise , and performed b y felons lilierated for this purpose from Austiian jails ; that , therefor . - , the Polish people has not disgraced the national mime nor history , and consequently not forfeit d its ri g hts to national sovereignty . That it was not popular revenge which promp ted the assassins of the best friends of tbe piople , since the proscri p tion list , and the sitile of rewards for the heads of tlie

      murdcied , circulated by government-agents , contained especially such n : < mes and devoted suck to slaughter , as had for years , despite the opposition of government , bettered to their utmost the condition of the people , and re . * olved to turn the serfs of their own estates into freeholders , and , mating common cause with them , to battle for the emancipation of tlie co'intry . No , it was not the revenge of the people for oppression suffered at the hands of their landlords , for it is a fact universall y acknowledged and corroboborated by local evidence , that in no instance the peasants muidered their own masters ; but that tliese murders were perpetrated b y bands of hired assassins , strangers to the scene of massacre , to whom tlw peop le offered , in many cas- s , a strocg , and in some ,

      *• - Ritdll War, At Leastm Words, ¦• A B...

      i successful , resis tance . Still further in defence of I ' olish honour , Poland ' s hopes , and of the cause of right and truth , we solemnl y assert before the world the innocence of the people and the guilt of Metternich and Austiia . These , and these onl y , are answerable for the blood of the murdered in Galhcia , equally as the Czars were for the deaths of the victims who fel 1 at Human and Praga . Therelore , we greet the entire Polish people as brothers . The nationality of Poland bag gained it groat and suro foundation b y acknowled ging the ri g hts of tl » e people ; and when Poland marshals her sons she must conquer , for since the manifesto of Cracow we have a fatherland that is no longer the country of a mere class , but also the fatherland of the whole Polish people .

      IV . Finally , we declare that Russia and Prussia are , equall y with Austria , the murderers of Poland , the executioners of her children , and that those wlw suffer for the cause of Poland , under the dreadful inquisitions , on the racks , in the dungeons , and on tilt scaffolds of Russia and Piussia , are martyrs to the ri ghts of their fatherland , equall y with those who perished in the massacres , or by the decree ol Austria . We fnither declare that the open or secret adherents of any of those governments who took part in the partition of Poland , are participators in their criminality , no matter under what . 'isguise , and that these unnatural children of Poland deserve the greatest curse , who , availing themselves ol the public

      indignation against Austria , appeal to the meanest of passions , to fear and selfishness , in order lo allure their countrymen into the snares of Muscovite or Prussian policy , and thus strenghen the yoke of these two usurpers . This meeting moreoverresolves to publish the above resolutions in tue Knglish language , with a faithful translation of the manifesto of the 22 nd of February , from the Polish ori g inal , in the hands of tiie Central Committee of tlie Polish Democratic Society , and a list of the principal murders committed in Galhcia b y the -Austrian Government . The meeting authorised their President and Secretary to carr j this resolution into effect , and solicit the English press to g ive publicity to the above .

      E . STANIEWICZ , Chairman X . FINK , Secretary .

      PUBLIC- MEETING OF THE DEMOCRATIC COMMITTEE FOR POLAND'S REGENERATION . On Monday evening last , November 30 th , a public meeting of the inemb-.-rs and friends of the above Committee , took place at the German Society ' s hall ot meeting , Drury-lane . Ernest Jones , Esq ., President of the Committee , was called to the chair , and opened the business bv a brief but eloquent address on the wrongs of Poland , and the duty of all nations to unite together to rencue that country from her spoli . 'itors and oppressors . His r « marks were heartily applauded . The following resolutions were unanimously adopted : — Moved by Mr . Keen ; seconded by Mr . Muy , and supported by M . Michelot : —

      I . That holding in horror and delectation thu several acts oi ' spoilution committed by the Russian , Austrian , nnd Pru-i . m despotisms ; Known in history as the partitions ofPuhnd ; this meeting recognises the Revolution of tlie 29 thof November , 1830 , -as a sacred manifestation on the part of the Polish people in vindication of their inalivuir bla Nit ' nt to independence and ireedum ; and this meeting venerating the heroes and martyrs who fought , fell , and hare sufterud , in , and since that revolution , declares its sympathy with the survivors of that struggle , and its resolution to & id tliem by every possible means in promoting the object of their mission . Moved by Mr . C . Schapper , seconded by Mr . E . Stallwood , and supported by Mr . II . Bauer : —

      II . That whil- regarding with veneration the heroic eiforts of thu Polish patriots of 1830 , this meeting considers ihe insurrection nt Cracow , un the 22 nd of Fubruary , 1 S 16 , as the manifestation of a more democratic movement , because made not only iu support of the national indepundenct- of Poland , but also in support of the equal rights of the entire Polish people ; and this meeting ace -pting the Cracow manifesto as the Charter of Polish liberty , rejoices to learn that tlie said manifesto has beenud-ipti-dhy the great mass of the exiled heroes who poured <> ut their blood in the struggle of 1830 ; an ! this meeting recommend * io the British people the propriety of signalling the 22 nd of February , 1847 , by some public demonstration in behalf of Puland and the principles oftheCraceir manifesto . Moved by Mr . Julian Harney , and seconded by Mr . II . Robs : —

      III . That this meeting invokes the just hatred of all nations ugaingt the Austrian murderers of the assassinated victims iuOallick ; and this meeting regarding the racuiit seizure of the Itepunlic of Cracow by Austria , to be nut only the crowning act of the long list of atrocities eommitted by Polauds ' s spoliators , but also a gl-osntind irreparable violation of the ' ¦ Treaty of Vienna , " declare * that treaty to be no longer , binding upon Europe ; and , ther-lore , considers that the Government o- Great Britain is now at liberty to fu ' rijl thed ^ ire :. of tlie national will , byin-isting upon the restoration not uf Cracow only , but of Poland , to the full extent of her ancient boundaries . On the motion of Messrs . Moy and Bailey , a subcoiiimiUoe was appointed to draw up an uddrcs to the British i-enple , founded on the foregoing resolutions ; the saidsub-committee being authorised to publish the " Address , " and also the above resolutions .

      It was further resolved that a copy of the above resolutions should he transmitted to Lord PalmeisUin . It having been announced that the Fraternal Democrats would assemble on next Monday evening , at eight o ' clock , iu the same room , for the purpose of adopting an Address in reply to the French Dv-moe ats , the meeting concluded by singing the " Mat-Hcillnisu " [ We have received a report of the speeches delivered at the above meeting , which want of room prevents us giving ; they were of a most determined character , and were most enthusiastically responded 10 ]

      Etowmal Anir Ffioztign Inttllitttim.

      eTowmal anir ffioztign inttllitttim .

      India And China. The Political Atuhsi-He...

      INDIA AND CHINA . The political atuHSi-heiv ,. which was clouded at the date of the last despatch by the prospect of serious disturbances iu Cashmere , a ^ ain presents a comparatively tranquil aspect . The roups of the Maharajah have , by repeated successes , retrieved the reverses originally encountered by them . The Sheik Emaum-ood-Dcen has sent in his submission ; and , in evidence of the sincerity and peaoefulne ^ of his intentions , has caused tue siege of Hurree Purvut to be raised . Not trusting to appearances , however suspicious , the Governor-General has directed the military arrangements commenced in apprehension ol au active campaign to be continued until cvuiyUiiug be satisfactorily concluded .

      An insurrection in Bhopal , which threatened serious eoiis' -qiieneea , has been suppressed by f n ,-o < j of arms . The insuigents were miserably slaughtered . The Madras monsoon has been ushered in by a Hurricane of unusual violence aud a de . ' uge of rain—no less than seventeen and a half inches of fall , twothirds of the Engli-li tail for one year , having occurred within twenty-four hours . The celebrated Akhbar Khan has found a wife in the person of the daughter of the Ruler of Herat . Tlie nuptials had been celebrated with much ceremony aud magnificence .

      CAPE OF GOOD HOPE . The latest account- from the Capo afford no greater prospect of settlement than those which brought the first intelligence oi the Kjiltir irruption . They were » till prosecuting their forays with unchecked success and impunity . Tiie retaliatory inroads into Kaffirhind had been productive of nothing b . it great losses in horses and cattle . A considerable portion of the burgher levies had returned to their homes iu disgust . The Governor , deserted by Sir Andrew StockenstroHi and Colonel Hare , was preparing for fresh incursions into the country of Crcili , falsely and prematurely announced to have been pacified .

      FRANCE . Distress , and with it riot and disorder , seems to make progress in France . Serious disturbances have occurred at Chateaurenault , ami Azay-le-Rideau , in consequence oi the nearness of provisions . Wheat is still rising in price . SPAIN . Everything seems to announce the approach of tlie long looked-iorj Carlist movement in Spain . All a ; once money appears to be abundant , and arms and ammunition are pouring into Navarre , Catalonia , and the Maestrazj-o . Bands of Carlists are openly showing themselves iu several provinces , who are daily joined by numbers of young men included in the Quinta ( conscription . ) On their banners thc .-e bauds display the inscription : — " Carlos VI ! The Constitution of 1 S 37 ! Death to ' the tributary . system !"

      POLAND . Tlie Augsburgh Cassette of the 25 th of November contains the following letter from Vienna : — "Tho intelligence from Galicia gives rise to a great d ealof uneasiness . The presence ' of the great number o troops has increased the scarcity . Three more regiments are to be stationed in Galicia . The occupation of the country is as complete as possible . Snldiero are quartered in the village *! . " The Gazett e adds : — " All the emissaries of the Propaganda hare not done one-tenth part what the Polish ladies have ; and it the Poles were disposed to remain quiet , the Polish ladies would not allow it . This is one of the features of the Polish character . " The Reforme says : - " All superior schools in Poland contained formerly eight classes , two of which had for their especial object the preparing of young men for

      India And China. The Political Atuhsi-He...

      the Universities . I liese two classes have been recently abolished , nnd as nobody is admitted to the Universities unless ho has gone through these classes , those Polish youths who devote themselves to the learned professions , must henceforth get their preparatory instruction in the gymnasiums of Russia . " The Vans Gaxette , of the 26 th ult ., states , from Warsaw , that an extraordinary levy of recruits has taken place there ., under circumstances of ercnt rigour . It is asserted that the young men were lorn from their families during the night , and marched to distant parts , from which they are never expected to return .

      UNITED STATES AND MEXICO . The steamer Britannia arrived at Liverpool , on Tuesday , bringing n--ws fi-nm New York and Phi ' adelphia to the 15 th ult ., ami from Boston and Halifax to the lSth ult . The latest accounts f' -om Monterey arc dated October 10 General Taylor had commenced to quarter hims If upon the ' enemy . Santa Anna was said to be at San Luis Potosi , ordering the forts of Sallillo to be dismantled , withdrawing all supplies from General Taylor ' s route , destroying the water tanks , and preparing to adopt the Guerilla system of defence , The papers by this arrival contain the names o all the American officers and privates killed and wounded at thr siege of Montery , on the 21 st , 22 nd , and , 23 rd of September , from " which we find the aggregate number put down as 482 , viz ., killed 126 , wounded 356 .

      An extract from the New Orleans Picayune , contains letters from the American squadron . " dated off Anton Ligardo , October 13 , I < 5 , and 25 The letters mention some particulars of another attack on Alvarado , which appears to have been unsuccessful . The United States squadron were compelled to retreat , being unable to stand tho enemy ' s twelve * cun battery . An attack on Tob-isco was contempla i ed , and several vessels under the command of Commodore Perry left Anton Lizardo , on the 10 th of October , for that purpose . The accounts from Mexico extend to the 1 st of October . The news of the capture of Mont- rey had reached the capital , but did not create any great feeling of din onragenient on the part cither of the people or tho Gsvernment . An enthusiasm in defence of their country , and a desire to rid the Mexican soil of the American invaders , had taken universal possession of the people .

      Gcncrl Salas , the Acting President to the peop le of Mexico , has issued a proclamation , announcing the hws of Monterey . It is dated Mexico , September 30 . 1846 Gen . Salas informs the people of Mexico that , the Government is determined to triumph or perish with the republic , and calls upon them not to suffer themselves to be annihilated as a nation .

      THE EKCTIOXS . Elections have been held , within the Ia * t fortnight , in the states of New York , Massachusetts , New Jersey , Michigan , Ioway , and Delaware , with the fnl . IoTvintr results : — New York has just elected a Whig GoTernor hy a majority of 10 , 000 votes ; also 22 of tbe 84 members of the next or thirtieth Congr ss of the United States . Pennsylvania has idected a Whig canal commissioner , a Whig state legislature , and a decided majority of Whig members of Congress . New Jersey has elected a Whig : legislature , and four Whig members of Congress to one administration . Iowa ( a neiv Stati- ) as far as our returns go , has elected a Whi ;* governor and a Whig legislature . This secures the election of two Whigs to the Uni « d Statts Senate , Delaware has elected the whole Whig ticket , with the exception of Governor .

      Mussachusets ha ? gone entirely Whig , both in State and national elections . Ohio , a Whig governor , and a majority of Whigs in Congress .

      Ireland. The Accounts From This Unhappy ...

      IRELAND . The accounts from this unhappy portion of the empire indicate increasing distress , and a renewal of those symptoms of popular discontent , which were so universal a few weeks ago . The following selections from the daily papers will give an idea of the

      STATE OP THB C 0 USTIIT . Dunns , Nov . 28 . -The accounts from the provinces this morning are truly alarming ; outrages and destitution are both on the increase . In several Sm-alities the peasantry appear to be on the very eve of insurrection ; and what renders this state of affairs still more alarming is the general armament of the people in the very districts where the scarcity and sufforing are most pressing . Thcfferri / Examiner of this day says that on Wednesday a large body of people , numbering about five or hix thousand , arrived in Lhstowel , shouting out " Bread or blood , " and proceeded in the greatest state of excitement to attack the workhouse , which is situated nboutan Enislish half-mile from thesquare

      o ^ the town , with the intention of forcibly helping themselves tn whatever provisions they might find within the building . Fortunately the Rev . Mr . Mahony , the parish priest , was engaged at the time in the convent , which stands close to the workhouse , and , on perceiving the vast multitude approach , he rushed out and threw himself into the midst of them . He earnestly and vehemently reasoned and remonstrated , but in vain , until at length the Rev . gentleman , overcome and exhaustsd by exertion and nervous apprehension of the consequences that threatened to ensue , sank down and fainted . The people of the neighbourhood , who hitherto were mere spectators , became alarmed , and , wildly appealing to the tumultuous asscmblnee , asked them "Did they mean to kill the priest ? '' This appeal , backed

      by tho sight before them of therevcrendpa'ish priest and minister of Heaven stretched in a faint , as if his split had fled , in his efforts to dissuade them from their foolish and dangerous proceedings , had an immediate effect on their minds . They forgot their hunger , assumed a sudden calmness , and at lencth departed quietly . The poor unhappy people presented all the appearance of want . Their bodies conid scarcely be said to be clothed , and their pallid visages showed what ravages gaunt famine had already made on their health and manly vigour . Heaven only knows when these things are to end . for it is to be feared we have yet scarcely seen even the beginning of the misery that awaits our unhappy people . Alarming State of Clare , —Letter from a gentleman in Clare to his friends in Dublin : —¦

      The appalling extent of the ruin which I see in progress induces me to put yon in possession of some facts con nected with the present proceedings in ' this county , which y ou are at liberty to use as you think proper . The weekly expenditure iu this county at present is , lam told , about £ 16 , 000 , and nn insane roar for more work . About one-eight of the population are employed at road and other similar works , and all other employment entirely neglected . Not one step made in the direction of a provision for reproductive employment , except tbe drainage of large

      rivers . The amount of labour is so great as to be beyond the control of the staff employed , or indeed of any ! -t : iff . Enormous sums are wasting , without any adequate effect buiiig produced : and iu a short time , evtn with this abuse , nearly every useful road work that a country would require for a century will be completed , and no step taken to provide other useful work , so tlist entirely useless road works will be undertaken , if there is not provision made in , at farthest , two months . I need not say that such a system is calculuted to bring ruin on the country with no little celerity .

      Under 'he present state of fueling among the peasantry , the congregation of thorn in large masses on the roadsis a great evil , and the spread of illegal confederacies is much facilitated . The minds of the great body of the people are entirely abstracted from their industrial pursuits ; and it is needless to say tbat if employed In tbe improvement of land the peasantry and small farmers would be trained to their own works , and their minds engaged in the consi . deration of-subjects more desirable than those which , I fear , now occupy tliem . I assure you . I am quite dispirited , as I cannot shut my eyes to the spread of the elements of extensive ruin around the country , and only two classes , one rushing with insane enrgernes * , and the other appalled , stupifled , and inactive , or unable to stem the torrent .

      Dublin , Nov . 29 . —The statements , from newspapers of all parties , during the last week or two , respecting the general arming of the peasantry and the open trade in fire-arms and ammunition , exhibit the most alarming feature in the condition of this country . Outrages are daily becoming more frequent and more daring in character , perpetrated by vagabonds who arc not distressed , but who make tho general destitution of the poor peasantry a pretext for their atrocious proceedings . Cork . — -The Cork Constitution , received this morning , contains the following startling statements : —

      Gibngarriff , Nov . 24 . —I beg to send you a true statement of a very unpleasant affair that occurred to that benevolent and venerable nobleman , the Earl of Ban try , at his residence at Gl-ngarriff yesterday , Monday . Novcmbir 23 idinstant , at one o ' clock p . m . A large body of men , or mob , riotously and tumultujusl y assembled in the neighbourhood , and proceeded to demand from his lordship , in a violent and threatening voice and manner , work , fond , or money , or , as a man of the name of Cashan declared aloud , if not provided forthwith , he should get a gun , which words Mr . Ltwton . who , with his lordship ' s agent , Mr . Payne , -was present , instantly committed to writing , and so far from being intimidated , his

      lordship arrested the three ringleaders , and gave them inti the custody of Mr . Payne , who is a magistrate of tlie county , to lodge tbcm with the police for trial at tlie next petty sessions . Mr . Payne lodged them at Rsenineen barracks accordingly , for transmission to Bantry Bridewell , when the same mob followed , attacked the police , rescued the prisoners , nnd carried them off , handcuffs and all . There are now three prisoners , subsequently arrested by tho police , and id sr . tified as the assailants and rescuers , in Bantry Bridewell for trial-Many of the delinquents wero tolerably rich farmers , with cows , laud , and sand boats , under-tenants on his lordship ' s eitate : and most of the othsre , workmen of

      Ireland. The Accounts From This Unhappy ...

      Mr . El-civs , of the hotel iitR-.-i-nmncn , who left their em ploymcnt for tho purpose of joining tbe mob . Notn man of them would have bjen eligible to work on any public roaJ , and none of them in want or destitution . LiMKtuoK . —The Limerick Chronicle contains the following : — Attempt at Mount-it . — On Wednesday afternoon , nt Gs-orgi , W . 1 I 1011 , E « q , Ballyshe'n , county Clir ,- , -ins walking- in th ' .- vicinity of his res-donee , ho > vas Binlileiily ar-sniicd hy tbrco armed ruffians , disguised in femah dress , with their faces blackened , one of ivlipm placed the muzzle of a gnu at the breast of his unarmed victim . Mr . Walton , f-.-ariuj : ihe intenlion was to deprive him of life , which the villain threatened , grasped the gun , end pushed it from him ; upon which another ruffian steppe : ! forward and knocked him down , Mr .

      Walton still holding the pun , One of the ruffians , whilst he was prostrate , struck him several times with the hut-end of the gun , 'ihflicling . two severe wounds on the head , an-1 one mIso <> n the ear . They then depiirted , leaving him Weeding ' profusely , and almost insensible from this brutal and unetpfcted as . inuit , No reason nan be assigned for the pwpr'H'fltion of this outrage against a most inoffensive gentleman , and one who , for many years , has given employment to the people in his neighbourhood . One of the avsailants when leaving , said , " Take that for not keeping your corn . " But this obs » rvati-in could not . » . tri ,: tly apply , as Mr . Walton has not sent a load of corn to mark-1 this season—they could only allude to his having sold the morning of that day a load of corn , considerably holoiv < ho market price , to the Relief Committee of Six-mile-bridge , for the benefit of the neighhourhood .

      The Limerick Examiner adds : — . On leaving Mr . Walton , his brutal assailants passed on to a place abnut 159 yards ( iff , where about forty persons were employed by the Board of Works . Here thoy cried out , "Heads down ! " and fired over tho people . They then reloaded , and passed on without any molestation being offered them . On Sunday week , while Mr . Finucr . ne , of Ballymacooda , and his family were at chapel , two shots were fired through the windows of the house . There was a funeral passing at the time , and although every inquiry was made , no knowledge could 6 a gained of the offenders . Messrs . Henco <» k and Ross active members of the Pallifikenry Relief Fund , who received 1 tters threateninc their lives if they did not afford employ to wealthy farmers' hsrses , have given in their resignation .

      Public Works . — -DESTiri / rtoiv , —In . consequence of the many complaints of mismanagement , whether as regards the conduct of relief committees or tho subordinate officers employed by the Board of Works , tbe Lords of the , Treasury have appointed thft following to beinsneetors'nf tho relief committees in Ireland : — Uleut .-Colonel Douglas . Lieut .-Colonel Harvey , Captain Reid , late 45 th , Captain Stopford , R . N . Captain Reid , who iaapoointed inarectorof the district through Kerry , has arrived at Killarney . The business of the inspectors will he to report on tbe conduct of the officers of the Board of Works of All stations employed through Ireland . There are . neain many complaints of dreadful destitution and al thou eh the Board of Works have now nearly 200 000 person * employed , there are alls for nvire works on districts were the Labour-rate Act is not vet in operation .

      The Galway Mercunj thus described the progress of destitution in that town : — One of the most convincing proofs we have yet had of the progress of starvation and misery among our people ; B to be found in the fact , that ns less a number than 202 individuals applied on Wednesday last for admission into the union workhouse . For the last ffw weeks we mum ? an increase in the . amount of wretched beings who presented thems « lr .-s for sucour in this asylum , but ^ e were really startled at beholdirig . jthe mass of destitution which was presented t" our riew ' at the last meeting of the Oitway guardians . There the miserable crowd stood , age . manhood , and infancy huddled together , with gaunt famine in their countenances—with every evidenc- of want and hunger in their omaeiated ' framos , beseeching members of the board to take them into this last resort of an Ir sh peasant .

      When it Is known what is th ropuijnanee of the lower orders to avail themselves of the advantages provided by the Legislature by the enactment of the Poor-relief Act , and when it is borne in mind tbat no term of reproach had , hitherto , half the disgrace attached to it as thai of being the inmate of a workhouse , we must conclude tbat all the resources which , hefore now were resorted to , have heen dried up , that no loneer can the people contrive to make out a mors-1 of bread for their starving famalif-s , and that tneyhiive reached the very ut oat extent of misery and want .

      County op Donegal . —Bai . lyshaxnox . Nov . 27 . — We have heard of several other outrages in the vicinity of this town since our laM ; publication . Some cows and .-keep have been f . irried off from flrntlemen and farmers throughout this and neighbouring bavnnie « . A number of porions entered a haggard about five miles from this town , and etitof the heads of a . larce quantity of oat « , which they carried away , leaving the st . aw behind . Many deaths have taken p lace throuthout the county during this month , principally amonesfc tho lower order , which we attribute to the want of means to purchase the common necessaries of life .

      Tub Dkaths fhom Starvation at Skibbkukes . — The inquests on the bodies nf the three men reported to have died of starvation , were held in the Courthouse of Skibbcreen on Thursday , before the County Coroner and a respectable Jury , and the result certainly goes to substantiate the charge of neglect so frequently urged against the Board of Works . After a patient investigation , the Jury brought the following verdict : — "We find that deceased , Denis Bohane . dted on the 11 th instant , on the road at Brisbane , ftwn want of food , occasioned by his not bavins received the fortnight ' s wages due to him on the Traeumina road . " The Ru . v for Fibe-Arjxs . — -There appears to be no abatement in this last " nopular movement , " all the provincial journals bearinjr witness to the unprecedented briskness in the gun trade . The Westmeath Guardian

      sav?"The sale of fire-arms is become a general trade in most of the provincial towns in the country . Formerlv there was but tine licensed house for the sale of fire * arms in this town , and , from the limited number of customers , it afforded but an indifferent business . Since the Arm * Act was allowed toespire two others have sprunir into existence , and all are doinr a first- ' -afe trade , several cases have been imported from Birmingham . There is no scruple made by the country people about carrying them home . The police , we hope , will keep an eye to business at the several stations , as no doubt , ere long , the Government will be "iving a nremium for taking them up " The following letter appears in the Cork Examiner : —

      "Olonmel , Nov .. 25 . —Mamr General his Royal Holiness Prince Geovae of Chmbridge arrived here on Monday fiom Besborough House , the residence of his Excellency the Lord Lieutenant , where he had hpen on a visit . I unilers ' and the object of his visit wit - , tn make , inquiries re-pent ' ne the-erect-Vm of extra stablinc i ' nr cavalry .-which he directed to have r-omnienced forthwith : the aun-sheds in the Artillery- barracks are to be converted into that purpose , to the extent of affording nce . nmmodntion for forty horses . Mr . Corkran , of Fet' ard , his been declared contractor by tlie Board of Ordnance for the extensive new works and alterations in the Infantry-barracks which are to be commenced next week . In addition tn this the Board o Ordnance have

      retained , and fitted up , at much expense , Mr . Bianconi ' s premises in Bagwell street , as a barrack , which is at present occupied b y the 34 th depot . Those precautions would seem to intimate that the Government feared an outbreak ; the people , on the othr hand , appear to be quite as determined , and seem desirous of not being found unprepared , should their necessities - rive hem to commit outrages , for they are parchasing arms and ammunition in every direction ; in ! act , the gun-trade is the most prosperous one in the country at ' he present lime ; indeed , supplies cannot be obtained half quick enough . Lord John had better look to the matter while he has yet time , or he will find , when too late , that his policy of non-intervention will have the effect of

      producing the most disastrous results . It is in the power ef the Government to avert such a catastrophe , by adopting p-ooer and energetic measures for affording cheap food to the starving massi s . The landlr . rds and merchants should also exert themselves to the utmost to aid the poorer classes , in place of grinding them down by tyranny and extortion ; for they may rest assured , should the Irish millions be driven to pkrenzy by famine , that all England ' s disposable array would be inadequate to protojt them . A political outbreak is fearful enough , but ft will bear no analogy to that produced by famine , The very contemplation of the idea is frightful . Besides , the appearance of starving men is always sure to command svmpathy , and it will not

      be perhaps always sa ' e to depend on military or police for thei- subjection , as a uniform coat cannot subdue the feelings of the heart ; and that must be callous , indeed , which can feel no svmpathy for men driven by madness and despair to commit lawless aggressions . Those ? entiment « arc not written by way of menace , but with the hope of attracting the attention of those who have the power to avert the frightful calamity to which I refer , symptoms of which have airea ' dv sh own themselves in this neighborhood , in the attack of aeart . laden with flour , which was being conveyed from this town to Fethard on Monday , from which four sacks out of six were taken . 1 fear this is only tbe prelude to greater ag ~ greesiens . God grant I might bo mistaken . "

      REPEAL ASSOCIATION . The weekly meeting of the association was held on Monday , Ambrose O'Sullivan , Esq ., T , C , | In tho chair . Mr O'Cosmr li , rose and announcced that the aeconnt ol the association had just been audited , and a balance struck , and he regretted to be obliged to say that the balance was in bis ( Mr . O'Connell ' s ) favour , and amounted to £ 97 10 s . 9 d . The secretary , Mr

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Dec. 5, 1846, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_05121846/page/7/