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    JylAY 3, 1851. THE NORTHERN STAR.

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    ^ r THE EXHIBITION. 3J. 3J. Soteb's Symp...

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    The Edinburgh Tows Council* bave appoint...

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    LATEST FOREIGN. Pauis, Thursday—The reve...

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    Fearful Hail aud Tiiu.vder Stohm ax Ebi....

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  • Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.

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    Jylay 3, 1851. The Northern Star.

    JylAY 3 , 1851 . THE NORTHERN STAR .

    ^ R The Exhibition. 3j. 3j. Soteb's Symp...

    ^ r THE EXHIBITION . 3 J . 3 J . Soteb ' s Symposium . —Gore-house and the grom grounds attached to it , now in the possession Of M . lovei fover , of gastronomic celebrity , have undergone a Bcrfe perfect metamorphosis , and the arrangements are now < now comp leted for the reception of the hosts who are care expected to visit the Exhibition of the Crystal Palai Palace . The rooms have been decorated in the gtvle Btvles of all nations , and in styles which are referriblerible to no particular nation . The gardens have in of and

    teen teen laid oat a style novelty , present a inos most orig inal appearance . There are statues , vases fouu fountain *; grottoes innumerable , illuminated flower I ) pdi I ) pds , variegated lamps , gravel walks , grass plots , and and all manner of attractions ; a covered gallery 13 D yar < yards long , in which is a table reaching from one end end to the other , and a tablecloth of commensurate dim dimensions . The place swarms with attendants , pas pasres , & c and preparations seem to have been jna male to furnish refreshments to all the nations of the the earth , this is certainty a booth worthy the Vc Worl-I ' s Fair , and is calculated as well to astonish

    ¦ Sfit with its appearance as to gratify with its accomtuodai dation . ( Cnrsrii Palace Hotei —The example offered by 3 ff . II . Soyer iu the establishment of his " Symposium " at at Kensington , has been followed by a ' Frenchman jiai named Mouflet , who opened , on Tuesday , through t h ( the usual channel of a public dinner , a new tavern at at Knigbtsbridge-green , under the ahove denomiuatic tion . A large piece of ground has been chosen for Jh iho building , and very extensive premises have Toe teen erected with a view to afford accommodation

    to to as many visitors to the Great Exhibition as may fe feel disposed to take their refreshment in the immedi diate neighbourhood . This new hotel does not pre-Et Bent the same " pictorial" attractions as that of M . 5 $ Soyer , but the arrangements which have been made tfl for the benefit of " diners-out" at this memorable S season appear to have been determined with a due r regard to the public convenience , and the general a accommodation is sufBci-intly extensive to command 3 3 very fair share of patronage from all nations . The jExHiarraKV is Smix . — The Exhibition is $ producing effects even in Spain , the papers of which a are filled with English advertisements addressed to I Exhibition visitors .

    Spaxish TisiroEs . —A Spanish steamer has been 1 jmt en to mn from gantander to Southampton , for i the Exhibition . She is called the M . A . Heredia , s and mates her first trip ( this day ) Saturday . The 1 fares are £ GWs . aud £ 5 Ma . SUeistoretvwnfrovn J Southampton by Havre to Sautander , and as pas-I eengcrs can join at Havre , they can , if they like , : make a Stay of a fortnight in Xondon , and return l > y the same steamer . MlurARTPfiiriBATIOXS FOR THE GfUND EXHI-3 ino . v . —For some time past the Duke of Wellington and Sir George Grey have been making the necessary military and police arrangements , for the ensuing Grand Exhibition . At the Cavalry Barracks , Knishtsbridge , they have allotted a certain portion of

    the building for the reception of the 2 nd battalion of the Grenadier Guards . A portion of the 1 st battalion of the Rifle Brigade ( now quartered at Dover ) will march to Woolwich , and the other to the Tower of London , where the necessary preparations have been made for them . The 1 st Royal Dragoons from Kottir . gbara , and the 8 th Hussars from Brighton , ¦ will be stationed in half billets at Hampstead and High-ate . The 4 th Light Dragoons , from Dublin , will be quartered in the barracks at Oxbridge . The following will be the stations of the cavalry : —1 st . Life Guards , Regent ' s Park , and a portion of the Soyal Horse Guards ( Blue ) , from Windsor , 2 nd life Guards , Knightsbridge Barracks , Hyde Park ; ICth Lancers , Hounslow , and a portion at

    Kensington Barracks ; the 17 th Lancers , from Newbridge , to Woolwich . Infantry : —1 st Battalion Grenadier Guards , Windsor ; 2 nd ditto , Ivnightsbridge ; 3 rd ditto , St . George ' s Barracks , Trafalgar-square ; Coldstream Guards , 1 st Battalion , Tower ; 2 nd ditto , Wellington Barracks . St . James ' s Park ; Scots Fualier Guards , 1 st Battalion , P « rta . au-street . Barracks . Oiford-sireet ; and 2 nd Battalion , St . John ' s Wood Barracks . A strong reinforcement of srtittVry has already arrived at the Tower from Woolwich . Several other regiments will , in all probability , be quartered in the vicinity of the metropolis . The Chelsea Out-Pensioners have been inspected , and those who volunteered their services on last pension day have received their equipments , muskets , bayonets , swords , & c , and will be quartered at

    Paddington , Kensington , Hammersmith , and other districts during the Exhibition . The number will exceed 3 , 000 men . With respect to the police regulations , they could not have been better carried out than for the occasion . The metropolitan police has been increased by 300 men , making an effective force of 5 , 700 constables , besides superintendents , inspectors , and sergeants ; and of these , a certain number of the most exj erienced officers have been selected from the different divisions and formed into a regular corps of leserve , who will do the special duty during the Exhibition , as they are well acquainted with all characters . The city police has also been increased by 150 men , making aforce of 650 officers , besides inspectors , sergeants , & c . There will also be a selected number as a reserve and detective force— Ztntes .

    Plval AsRAXQEUESr fob Opening the Exnrernox . —The greatest excitement prevailed in smd altont tlva Crystal Palace -, tne offices for the granting of season tickets and other passports being incessantly besieged . The foreigners were still unpacking * and arranging ; while in the British department the Steam was laid ou in the engine-room , Sir II . Bishop and other musicians tested the organ pipes , and her Majesty and the Prince spent some time in looking about . It was announced that exhibitors and their assistants must be at their places before nine , that seats would be kept for ladies till half-past eleven , and that all except those in personal attendance on the Queen would be expected to appear in morning dress . The violent hail-storm did not the least damage , only a few stones finding their way through one or two broken parts . Mr . Pox , the " contractor , it will be known with pleasure , is suSciently recovered to attend the ceremonial . _ __

    Some of the exhibitors , persisting in their efforts to obtain a free .-. omission , presented a petition to the Queen through Sir George Grey . It is stated that the decisioifof the Commissioners was unanimous on this subject ; and was made for the following reason : — " That there are no less than 15 , 000 exhibitors ; that each exhibitor has the privilege of admitting one assistant to superintend his production , and that if the privilege sought were granted , 30 , 000 persons would daily enter the building free of charge ; that there are 350 local committees of thirty members each , and a large number of sectional committees ; that the local

    commissioners and sectional commissioners , as well as the Royal commissioners , and executive officers , and the subscribers to the Exhibition fund , have an equal , if not a stronger claim than the exhibitors to free admissions ; and that , as it would be impossible to admit all these parties gratuitously , no free admissions will be given . It was also mentioned , in support of this decision , that when the exhibition ¦ was first mooted , it was intended that all exhibi tors should pav for the space allotted to them , but , as the liheralitvof the public had rendered this arrangement unnecessary , it was unreasonable in exhibitors now to come forward and expect gratuitous

    enlrv to the huildius- ' „ , ..... The Excluded Exbibitoks . —The exhibitors bavin * retired no reply to their petition to the Q ueeif , re assembled in great numbers on \\ ednes « dav afternoon , in the large room at the Trevor Arm * , opposite the Crystal Palace . A deputation from then-body went over the building , to seek a reply from the commissioners . Here they were shown a note , said to have hcen penned uy Prince Albert , which , stated tkat the Queen would _ visit the Exhibition some Saturday , during the hours Let t « the \ « Mic are admitted , when all exhibitors would be invited to he present in their places , to answer any inquiries which her Majesty might desire to make respecting the articles exhibited .

    Thev returned to the meeting , where tit chairman recounted what had passed , under a rising tumult of disapprobation , which , by temperate words and manner he succeeded in subduu . « r . He , hovrercr , considered the conduct of the commission was very nnwoithy of them , hut he hoped the meetius ; would be content with passing a vote of censure . After one or two other members bad expressed their opinions , Mr . Minion said that the country exhibitors "would return home with damped spirits . He trusted , however , that the meeting would behave as loval subjects , and not- show fveltng against her who could do no wrong , and expressed his conviction that the Prince himself was blinded by those

    around him . When the Exhibition was first projected , the travelling commissioners through the countrv were most bland in their deportmeat , and succeeded in inducing them to open their chequebooks , nut on their workmen , and get up tbe sfcam , and all to he insulted by exclusion from the Wilding . Hewouldhcartilyseconds voteofcensure Captain Childere , as representative of the Jersey exhibitors , said they expected free admission , ami it was represented to them that they would have it , bv the commissioners who invited them . — -air . Stacker said the commissioners stultified themselves when they pretended it was physically impossible to findroom for the exhibitors on Thursday

    for this difficulty was to be got over if they paid an entrance moher . —Mr . Whitcock reminded the meeting that Arkwrisht and Watt were poor and humble men , aud might they not be oxcluding Otber such men to-morrow ? Mow many were there present who had struggled beyond their means to fit np what they had sent into tbe Exhibition , and it was bitter irony to tell them they nwv buv tickets of admission . The commissioners were men who did not know the value of a week s wages . —Mr . Porter , of Dublin , said he was one of

    the first persons waited upon by the commissioner sent to Ireland , Mr . Cole , We promised , said he , to do our best , but what we have done is ill reqwed .-J . Seal , Esq ., barrister-at-law , said that the document shown to them as Prince Alberts writing had many pencil erasures and additions .

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    He considered the exhibitors had been insulted and betrayed . —The Chairman then proposed the following resolution , which was adopted - " Tbat this meeting view with deep regret the decision the Royal Commissioners have come to of excluding the exhibitors from the building which their industry andmoney have furnished , so as to attract the attention and admiration of the whole world , and they regard this decision as impolitic , unjust , ungenerous , and most disheartening to the exhibitors , and as tending to tarnish one of the most glorious events of the reign of her Most Gracious Majesty , "

    Austrian Specimens op Printing . —Tne imperial and government printing establishment at Vienna occupies in the Crystal Palace some 1 , 000 feet of counter . Iu this space is represented the many branches of printing for which this concern , the largest in the world , is so justly celebrated . Although but ten years have elapsed since its first formation , thanks to tbe gifted energies of Councillor Auer , Europe is indebted to it for very many discoveries In science , and important improvements in

    the art of-priniing . Amongst the specimens are examples in photography , galyano-plastic , and galvaaography , chronolithograpliy , and chemityopy . The latter is a new discovery , by which the iongsought-for means of printing copper-plates like wood-cuts have been achieved . One of the most remarkable of the many books is that in which Auer ' s collection of some 400 languages appears , and this is accompanied hy the actual steel punches of the individual type , as a proof of the enormous resources of the establishment in Vienna .

    OPENING OF THE GREAT EXHIBITION BY HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN OH THURSDAY , MAY 1 st .

    THE ROYAL PROCESSION . The history of this eventful May-day commences with the Royal procession from Buckingham Palace to the Great Exhibition building . The day opened beautifully fine . It was one oi the " Queen ' s days . " In the morning the atmosphere was clear and crisp : the sun shone brightly ; and there , was every vattte & vHra that , even with regard to her climate , England would on this occasion look her best . This pleasant and promising state of

    things continued up to about eleven o clock . The sky then became slightly overcast light clouds floated about—tbe relics of April straying into May —and about half-past eleven o ' clock a sprinkling shower fell over the parks ' , but it was the shortest shower of the spring , and it ceased exactly and precisely as the procession was about to start . It then continued fine until the Royal cortege reached the Crystal Palace . Her Majesty rode on her way , in the midst of her English subjects , favoured with the most unequivocal English sunshine .

    AH pedestrian London nocked into the parks . From six o ' clock in the morning tbe population of the Surrey side poured across the budges ; the hordes of the far East precipitated themselves into Holborn and the Strand ; and at eight and nine o ' clock Piccadilly and Oxford-street , Parliamentstreet , and the Kensingtoa-road , presented one densely-packed mass of human beings—all intent upon one object—to see the palace , and , if possible , at the same time , to see the Queen ; but , at any rate , determined to see what was to be seen . Hydepark filled first . Crowds bad rushed in from the first moment at which the gates had been opened ; and those who got in first found that others had been before them . St . James ' s-park tvas comparatively free for carnages and equestrians up to ten

    o ' clock . Not until apparently the word had been passed that Hyde-park could hold no more did the people fall back into the neighbourhood of Buckingham Palace . Across the Green-park , ou their way from Westminster-bridge to Hyde park , some hundred thousand men , women , and children , might be seen to pour for three consecutive hours up to eleven o ' clock . It was as the flight of locusts—ceaseless and dreadful ; and , like locusts , they must have destroyed the grass on their way . These having ascertained tbat Hyde-park-corner was impassible , at last sacrificed ( he hope of getting into proximity with the Palace , and gradually filled the Mall , Constitution-hill , and the ground in front c { Buckingham Palace , and to the right at the head of Birdcage-walk .

    In time motion ceased , as if further motion in tbe densely-packed place were impossible ; and then there was a still orderly mass—densest near the front of the Palace , but everywhere dense . To a person standing with his back to the gates of the Royal Palace , and facing the Mall , the spectacle was wonderful . All that was visible was a sea of heads , hats , and bonnets , dotted here and there with a mounted policeman or guards-trooper , and fringed with the light foliage o ! the Mall trees . It is probable that so many human beings were never , until now , seen together in London . The most perfect order was maintained throughout .

    From the Palace np Constitution-hill to Ilydepark-corner , the Horse Guards and the police kept a hue for the procession . The same precautions were taken all along the route , up Rotten-row to the building . We saw no instance of disturbance of any moment during the whole morning . The arrangements of tbe commissioners of police were admirable ; and though necessarily defective as regards the carriages , they were perfectly successful in respect to the pedestrian public . Well-dressed gentlemen and ladies were present in thousands ; and

    the female part of the crowd received an amount of attention honourable to our national politeness . While the procession was awaited and in progress , the weaker sex were in front of " the line , " and everywhere got the best places . The display of parasols was , of course , enormous ; and as they waved over tbe hatted roof of the mob proper , the parti-colours gave the appearance of shot-silk screens . There were not so many foreigners in the crowd as might have been expected ; but there they undoubtedly were in great numbers .

    The only houses from the windows of which a sight could he got of the procession are those in Grosvernor-place and at Hjde-park-corner . Here , however , were fashionable throngs , chiefly of ladies , to the very house tops . The roof of Apsley-bouse was crowded—a geniality in connexion with that locality hardly anticipated- The roof of the keep , et's lodge of Hyde park was packed in the same manner . There " was , at these points , a great waving of white handkerchiefs ; and here , as the Queen was passing from beneath the Wellington to the Hyde-park arch—pedestrians everywhere , horses and carriages on each side , and the houses with their wmdow-occupants in sight—the scene was the most animated of any daring the procession . Here , at least , the cheering was loudest .

    The Queen is always punctual , and , precisely at the time appointed for her setting out—half-past eleven—tbe Horse Guards widened the path , and the brigade band of the household troops within the quadrangle was heard to play " God Save the Queen . " At this moment the new front of the Palace was pnt to a use never contemplated by those who have been so eager iu their denunciation of the architect . The many windows gave to her Majesty ' s household the opportunity they never before " enjoyed so perfectly of seeing a state procession . The balcony over the centre bronzed gateway was occupied hy a most interesting party , the Royal children , am ended by several ladies . These attracted great attention .

    The royal procession consisted of seven or eight carriages . It was , in its order , in many respects different from the state processions with which we are all familiar on the occasions of opening or proroguing a session of parliament . We saw none of the Gentlemen Ushers , none of the Exons and Yeomen of the Guard . There were trumpeters , but we did not hear their trumpets . And , as the most important distinction , the carriages , even her Majesty ' s , were drawn by single pairs of horses . Her Majesty ' s carriage was not the state carriage ; hut it was sufficiently open to enable most of hw subjects to see her to advantage . The occupants of the carriages were tbe Lords and Ladies in waiting ) the Lords of the Household , the Maids of Honour , with some of the ladies of the suite of the Princess of Pruss a .

    The Queen and Prince Albert were greatly cheered as they passed into the Park from the Palace . Her Majesty and her consort received the welcome of the people in a manner intimating undisguised satisfaction . The carriages were driven at a rather smart trot along the route , aud thus curiosity was not so perfectly satisfied as at other times , when royalty in state presents itself in public . The Duke of Wellington was very eagerly looked for among the ladies and gentlemen in the royal carriages , hot he had been before her Majesty , and was already awaiting her at his post .

    The Prince and Princess , of Prussia , . guests at Buckingham-palace , ' were also , sought for ; but they were not observed in the procession . Several o ! the roval carnages , haibeeff perceived in the park Wlierinthe .-= m ^ mn ^ r ; fit , edwith-efficer 3 itt the Prussian unlTcrmi *; .- " '' - "•• ' The royal cortege passed id an avenue of human beings along the whole route . H « Majesty wv « heard such loud and lengthened cheers before .

    ^ R The Exhibition. 3j. 3j. Soteb's Symp...

    Half & million of voices must have convinced her of her popularity . Before eight o ' clock this morning the Kensington and Piccadilly line of road presented an almost unbroken double line of carriages for three miles . The line commenced some distance westward of Kensington Church , and continued without intermission to Sloane-street—between which p lace and Apsley-liouse the road was unoccupied . At Apsley house the line recommenced , and one unbroken stream of carriages , still double , ran to the end of the Haymarket , the adjacent streets on either side being also filled . Oxford-street and the Park itself were in the same crowded state . Hundreds must have started from their homes at seven , eight , and nine in the morning , who could not have reached the scene of the dafsfete before tbe afternoon .

    As tbe procession passed on , the " line " behind was , of course , broken , and for an hour there was great confusion . At the Wellington-arch , where tbe mass , in its efforts to get into Piccadilly , became choked into a small space , the confusion began to look dangerous , and the screaming of womenmany of those willi children in their arms—was appalling , It was impossible that order could have have been kept under such circumstances ; and it was not kept . But the crowds showed the utmost good humour , and rather co-operated whh than impeded the police and military . Piccadilly , fur

    either carriages or pedestrians , was impassable , after tbe procession had crossed , until about halfpast twelve . Tbe scene opposite Apsley-bouse , for half an hour , was the scene witnessed at Epsom when the Derby is being run for . The vehicles were quite stationary j and men stood on the roofs of omnibuses and cabs as if to see a race . Not , indeed , during the whole day was it safe for a pedestrian to venture into the road from the Haymarket to Albert-gate . Nevertheless , we have not heard of any accidents . The worst day of the World ' Fair —for we shall see no such crowd again—was , therefore , so far fortunate .

    THE CEREMONIAL WITHIN THE BUILDING . The ceremonial , preparatory to the opening of the World ' s Great Fair , took place under the most brilliant circumstances . . If , amongst any of the in . habitants ot " Doubting Castle " there still lingered the slightest misgivings as to the success of the Exhibition , " the pomp , tbe pride , aud circumstances " of the grand inauguration within the building must have completely dissipated them . When the procession reached the Crystal Palace toe sun shone forth with peculiar brilliancy , as if the mute statue of the Apollo Belvldere wilhin the building had been animated with consciousness to gild with his rays the Festival of Nations , and lo greet with his usual favour the Queen of the British isle . * .

    Within the building it was quite astonishing to see tbe preparation that had been made . At seven o ' clock there was nothing unsightly to be seen along the whole range of the building , and Ihe efforts that must have been made to place the interior in such a state of preparedness must have been quite unprecedented in the race of Force against Time . For the reception of her Majesty a platform was raised to tbe north of the centre transept , on which a chair of state , covered with crimson velvet , with a deep gold border , was placed . Over the chair of stale an octagon canopy was extended , trimmed with blue satin and draperies of blue and white . Before the chair rose the beautiful glass fountain , glittering as a precious stone in the morning beams . Behind rose the stems of the Oriental plants and the stately elm , one of the most agreeableand refreshing

    parts of the whole view . Along the galieries of tho main western avenue , the department for British goods , a succession of the most beautiful carpetry was suspended , like bannerets , only more splendid , in a knightly hall of old . Along the foreign avenue everything stood revealed in its best , and the vista along the whole line was perhaps the most splendid and extensive , as a piece of art and human contrivance , ever presented to human view . To witness such a sight it was to be expected that the doors of the building would be blockaded at an early hour , and , indeed , such was the pressure , that the orders of the commissioners had so far to be departed from that the doors were opened twenty minutes before the specified time , viz ., nine o ' clock . Then the rush for seats began , and ia the shortest time every good position was occupied . The ladies were accommodated with seats on the front , the gentleman standing behind , or occupying the

    galle-. Her Majesty's Commissioners assembled at halfpast elcren o ' clock , in the transept , opposite the platform , together with their executive committee , and the foreign acting commissioners , in full dress , or in plain evening dress . His Grace the Archbishop of Canterbury , her Majesty ' s ministers , the great officers of state , and the foreign ambassadors and ministers , took their places on the platform , on the right and left of tho chair of state in full dress . Among the earliest arrivals was tho Duke of Wellington , in military uniform , and with the Order of the Garter . The noble duke looked remarkably well , and seemed to enjoy the scene . He was the object of particular attention amongst the foreign portion of the spectators , and by the British ho was received with repeated cheers . Towards eleven o ' clock the space around the chair of state began to

    fill . Amongst those whose early arrival we noticed were tbe Archbishop of Canterbury , the Lord Chancellor , the Ministers of State , all of whom we believe we recognised as being present , with the exception of the Mavqnis of Lanstlowne—the Duke of Buceleuch , the Duke of Devonshire , the Speaker of tho House of Commons , the Bishops of Winchester and Oxford , Lord Stanley , < fcc . The Prince of Prussia , in military attire , arrived about twenty minutes to twelve o ' clock . As the hour of twelve approached the building was excecdincly full . The

    space around the throne of state at this moment presented a most lively and picturesque appearance , the various military uniforms contrasting most elegantly against the back ground of green formed by the trees in the transept . Then were to be seen hurrying to and fro the little Egyptian , the slim Arab , the sedate Turk , the portly Chinese , the inhabitant of farther and hither Ind , and the European of all shades and degrees , with the flags of the various nations flaunting the air outside the transept . We may truly say of this gorgeous scene of peace and industry , what had been said of the pomp and splendour of military

    apparatus" By heaven , it was a glorious sight to seo Their various scarfs of mixed embroidery . " But the hour of twelve is at band , and the booming of the cannon and the direction of every eye towards the northern entrance of the transept , tell that the Queen is at hand . A flourish of trumpets announces that , she has entered the building , and as she moves along to her seat a shout of salutation rings on every side . She comes leaning on his Royal Highness Prince Albert , and accompanied by the Prince of Wales and the Princess Royal , and followed by the ladies in waiting and the various officers of the household . Her JIaj sty and the Prince graciously acknowledged the manifestations of hearty welcome which met them on every

    side . The Prince led her Majesty to the chair of state , the royal children standing on the right . Ilcr Majesty was dressed in pink brocade , shot with gold ; and the Prince appeared in military uniform , with the Order of the Garter . Both looked in the most excellent health , and seemed greatly to onj - iy the splendid scene before them . The Prince stood on the left of her Majesty , and at his left stood the Prince of Prussia . When her Majesty had taken her seat in the chair of state , the national anthem , * ' God save the Queen , " was performed , under the direction of Sir G . T . Smart , ( organist to her Majesty ' s Chapel Royal ) , by the choirs of her

    Majesty ' s Chapel Royal , St . Paul's Cathedral , Westminster Abbey , St . George ' s Chapel , Windsor , some of the Pupils of the Royjil Academy of Music , with the chorus and part of the band of the Sacred Harmonic Society , and many other performers , both foreign and English , accompanied on the organ ( built by Messrs . Gray and Davison ) by Mr . Goss , ( organist of St . Paul's Cathedral ) , and Mr . Turle , ( organist of Westminster Abbey ) . flis Royal Highness then , as the head of the Royal Commissioners , presented himself , surrounded by the other Commissioners , before the Queen , and read the following report of their proceedings : — commis

    " May it please your Majesty , —We , the - sioners appointed by your Majesty ' s royal warrant of the 3 rd of January , 1850 , for tho promotion o the Exhibition of tho Works of Industry of au Nations , and subsequently incorporatedby ywi Majesty ' s Royal Charter of the 15 th of August m the same year , humbly beg leave , on the occasion of your Majesty ' s auspicious visit at the opening oi the Exhibition , to lay before you a brief statement of our proceedings to the present time . " By virtue of the authority graciously commiuea to us by your Majesty , we have made diligent inquiry into the matters which your Majesty was pleased to refer to us—namely , into the best mode of introrincinir the productions of your Majesty s

    colonies and of foreign countries into this kingdom—the selection of the most suitable site for tlie Exhibition—the general conduct of the undertaKing , and the proper method of determining the nature of tho prizes , and of securing the most impartial distribution of them . . "In the prosecution of these inquiries , and in the discharge of the duties assigned to us by your

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    Majesty 8 Royal charter of incorporation , we have hew constant meetings of our whole body , and S'i 110 r -T ' refer « d numerous questions connected with a great variety of subjects to com-™ lVi , ' , c

    admitted into the building . Wo considered that it was a main characteristic of the national undertaking m which wo wore en-raged , that it should depend wholly uj . on the voluntary contributions of IM popple of this country for its success j ^ and we therefore decided , without hesitation , that no charge whatever should be made on the admission ot such goods . We considered also that the office ot selecting the articles to be sent should be enf « B h ««* ! i - ? r ^ ™ wancoi t 0 loeil 1 committees , to ue established m every foreign country , and in various districts of your Majesty ' s dominions , a general power of control being reserved to tho commission

    . " We have now the gratification of stating that our anticipations of support in thin course have in all respects been fully realised . Your Majesty ' s moat gracious donation to the funds of the Exhibition was the signal for voluntary contributions from all , even the humblest classes of your subjects and the funds which have thus been placed at our disposal amount at present "' to about £ G 5 , 000 . Local committees , from which wo havo uniformly received tho most zealous co-operation , were formed ia all parts of the United Kingdom , in many of your Majesty ' s colonies , and in the territories of the Honourable East India Company . The most energetic support has also been received from the governments of nearly all the countries of the

    world , in most of which commissions have been appointed for the special purpose of promoting the objects of an exhibition justly characterised in your Majesty ' s Royal warrant as an Exhibition of the Works of Industry of all Nations . " We have also to acknowledge the great readiness with which persons of all classes havo come forward as exhibitors . And here again it becomes our duty to return our humble thanks to your Majesty for the most gracious manner in which your Majesty has condescended to associate yourself with your subjects by yourself contributing some most valuable and interesting articles to the Exhibition . " The number of exhibitors whose productions it has been found impossible to accommodate , is about 15 , 000 , of whom nearly one-half are British .

    The remainder represent tho productions of more than forfcyforeign countries , comprising almost the whole of the civilised nations of the globe . In arranging the space to be allotted to each , we havo taken into consideration both the nature of its productions and tho facilities of access to this country afforded by its geographical position . Your Majesty will find the productions of your Majesty ' s dominions arranged in the western portion of the building , and those of foreign countries in the eastern . The Exhibition is divided into the four great classes of—1 , Raw Materials ; 2 . Machinery ; 3 . Manufactures ; and i . Sculpture and the Fine Attsi A further division has been made according to the geographical position of the countries represented ; those which lie within the warmer latitudes being placed near the centre of the building , and the colder countries at the extremities .

    "Your . Majesty having been graciously pleased to grant a site in this , your Royal I ' avk , for the purposes of the Exhibition , the first column of the structure now honoured by your Majesty ' s presence was fixed on the 26 th of September last . Within the short period , therefore , of seven months , owing to the energy of the contractors , and the active industry of the workmen employed by them , a building has been erected , entirely novel in its construction , covered a space of more than eighteen acres , measuring 1851 feet ia length and 458 feet in extreme breadth , capable of containing 40 , 000 visitors , and affording a frontage for the Exhibition of Goods to the extent of more than ten miles . For the original suggestion of the principle of this structure the commissioners are indebted to Mr , Joseph Paxton , to whom they feel their acknowledgments to be justly duo for this interesting feature of their undertaking .

    " With regard to the distribution of rewards to deserving Exhibitors , we havo decided thntthoy should be given in the form of medals , not With l'Ofcronco to merely individual competition , but as rewards for excellence in whatever shape it may present itself . The selection of the persons to bo so rewarded has been entrusted to juries composed equally of British subjects and of foreigners , the former having been selected by the commission from the reeommendationt made by the local committee , nnd the latter by the governments of the foreign nations the productions of which are exhibited . The names of these jurors , comprising as they do many of European celebrity , afford the best guarantee of

    the impartiality with which the rewards will be assigned . . " It affords us much gratification that , nowifchstandiniy the magnitude of this undertaking , and ( be great distances front which many of the articles now exhibited have had to bo collected , the day on which your Majesty has been graciously pleased to be present at the inauguration of the Exhibition is the same day that was originally named for its opening , thus affording a proof of what may , under God's blessing , bo accomplished by good will and cordial co-operation amongst nations , aided by the means that modern science ' has placed at our command .

    " Having thus briefly laid before your Majesty the results of our labours , it now only remains for us to convey to your Majesty our dutiful and loyal acknowledgments of tho support and encouragement which we have derived throughout this extensive and laborious task from the gracious favour nnd countenance of your Majosty . It is our heartfelt prayer that this undertaking , which has for its end the promotion of all branches of human industry , and the strengthening of the bonds of peace and friendship among all the nations of the earth , may by the blessing of Divine Providence , conduce to the welfare of your Majesty ' s people , and be long remembered among the brightest circumstances of your Majesty ' s peaceful and happy reign . "

    When the Pnnce had concluded the repert , Secretary Sir George Grey handed to her Majesty the reply , which she read with her usual clearness of tone . " I receive with the greatest satisfaction tho address which you have presented to me on the opening of this exhibition . " I have observe ! with a warm and increasing interest the progress of your proceedings in the execution of tbe duties entrusted to you by the Royal Commission ; and it affords me sincere gratification to witness the successful result of your judicious anil

    unremitting exertions in the splendid spectacle by which I am this day surrounded . 441 cordially ' concur with you in tbe prayer , that by God ' s blessing this undertaking may conduce to the welfare of my people , and to the common interests of the human race , by encouraging the arts of peace and industry , strengthening the bonds of union among the nation of the earth , and promoting a friendly and honourable rivalry in . the useful exercise of those faculties which have been conferred by a beneficent Providence for the good and the happiness of mankind . "

    During the time that her Majesty was reading , the most intense silence prevailed throughout the building . His Grace the Archbishop of Canterbury then read the following prayer of inauguration : —

    PIUTER . " Almighty and everlasting God , governor of all things , without whom ' . nothing , is strong , nothing holy , accept , we beseech Thee , the sacrifice of our praise aud thauksgiviujr , receive our prayers which we offer up to Tbee this day , in behalf of this kingdom and land . We acknowledge , O Lord , that Thou hast multiplied the blessings which Thou mightest most justly have withheld ; we acknowledge that it is not because of tho works of righteousnesswhicltwe have done , butofThy great mercy , that we are permitted to come before " Thee this day with the voice of thanksgiving . Instead of humbling us for our offences , Thou hast given us juit cause to praise thee for Thine abundant goodness . And now , O Lord , we beseech Thee to bless the work which

    thou hast enabled us to begin , and to regard with Thy favour our present purpose of uniting together iu the bond of peace and concord the different nations of the earth : for of Thee , O Lord , and not-of the preparation of man , it cometh that violence is not heard in our l ? nd , nor contentions nor violence within our borders . It is of Thee , O Lord , that nation does not lift up sword against nation , nor learn war any more . It u of Thee that peace is within our walls , plenteousness within' ouv palaces , and men go forth in safety , and that knowledge is increased throughout the world . Therefore , 0 Lord , not unto us , but unto Thy namebe all praise .

    , Whilst we survey the works of art and industry which surround us , let not onr hearts be lifted up that we forget the Lord our God , or that it is not of our own power , or of the might of our hands that we have gotten in this wealth . Teach us to r f | that this store which wo have prepared is all 1 nine own , in Thine bands it is to make great , and give strength and honour . We thank Thee , we praise Thee , we entreat Thee to overrule this assembly of many nations , that it mav tend to the advancement of Thy glory , to the increase of our prosperity , and to the promotion of peace and goodwill among- the different races of mankind . Let the

    many mercies we have received dispose our hearts to serve Thee more nnd more , who art the author and giver of all good things . Teach us to use those earthly blessings that Thou hast given us so richly to enjoy , that they may not withdraw our affections from those heavenly things which Thou hast pre-

    ^ R The Exhibition. 3j. 3j. Soteb's Symp...

    pared for them that love Thee through tho merits and mediation of thy son Jesus Chrfst , to whom with Thee and the Holy Ghost be all honour and glory , world without end . Amen . After the prayer , tho " Hallelujah Chorus , " of Handel , was performed , under the direction of Sir Henry It . Bishop ( tho professorof music at Oxford ) , accompanied on tho organ by Dr . Elvey , ( organist of St . George's Chapel , Windsor ) , and ' Dr . Wylde ( professor at the Royal Academy of Music . ) The Royal projession was then formed in the following order . —

    Heralds , Contractor , Architect , Contractor , Mr . Henderson , J . Paxton , Esq . Mr . Fox . Superintendents of tho Works , 0 . H . Wild , Esq . Owen Jones , Esq . Financial Officer , F . II . Ci . vvpe . ntav , Esq . Members of the Building Committee , I . K . Brunei , Esq . Chs . Cockerel ! , Esq . Prof . Donaldson . Members of tho Finance Committee , Samuel Pcto , Esq . Sir Alex . Spearman , Bt . Treasurers , Baron L . de Rothschild . Sir J . W . Lubbock , Bt William Cotton , Esq . A . Kelt Barclay , Esq .

    Secretary to tho Executive Committee , Mathew Digby Wyatt , Esq . Executive Committee , George Drew , Esq . Francis Fuller , Esq Oharlos W . Dilke . jun ., Esq . Henry Colo , Esq . Lieut .-Color . el William Reid , Royal Engineers , C . B _ Fobeigs Actiso Commissioned , Aua'm M . C Bu ' schek . Chevalier do Burg . Bararia Professor Dr . Sehafhault M . Theobald Boehm . „ , . M . Ilaindl . Belgu , ra M . Charles Caylits . T . . M . deBioucken . £ enm ! , rk llegnar Westenholz . 1 ranee .... ... M . Salleiidrouzo do La

    n j t . , „ momaix . Grand Duchy of Hesse . M . itossler . Greece jr . Rallt . Hanse Towns .... M . Piglheim . Holland M . Goothens . _ , , _ M . J . P . Dudokvanllal , Aortoern Germany . . M . Nobaek . . Portugal M . F . J . Vanzeller . M . Antonio Yaldez . Prussia , Baron Hebeler , Rome Signer Carlo Tribbi . Russia M . Gabriel Kamensky . Sardinia Chevalier Lenc /' sa . Saxony ' Dr . Scyffarth , L . L . D M . Gustavus Doo ' rstling Spain M . Manuel do Yaasi .

    M . Ramon de IaSagrn . „ , ., M . R . do EchevaiTia . Sweden and Sorway . . M . Charles Tottie . Switzerland . . . . . Dr . Bolley . M . Eicholzer , Tunis Sig . Hamda Elkaddem . M . Santillana ( Interpre ter anil Secretary . ) Turkey ...... M . Edward Zohrab . Tuscany pr . Corridi . United States .... Mr . Edward Riddlo . Mr . > . S . Dodge ( Sec . ) Wurtemburg .... Mr . C . Brand . Zollvorein . . . . M . Banvath Stein . Secretaries to the Royal Commission , Edgar A . Bowring , Esq . Sir S . If . Northeote , Bfc J . Scott Russell , Esq .

    Special Commissioners , Dr . Lyon Playfair . Lieut -Colonel Lloyd . Her Majesty ' s Coxi-missions . Alderman Thompson . John Shepherd . Esq . R . Stephenson , Esq . Philip Pusey , Esq . Wm . Hopkins , Esq . John Gott , Esq . T . F . Gibson , Esq . > Vm . Cubitt , Esq . Richard Cobden , Esq . Thomas Bazley , Esq . Charles Barry , Esq . Thomas Baring , Esq . Sir Charles Lyell . Sir C . L . Easttakc . Sir R . Wcstmacott . Rt . Hon . W . Gladstone Rt . Hon . II . Laboucherc , Lord John Russell . Lord Overstono . Lord Stanley . Earl Granville . Earl of Ellesmere . EarlofUosse , Duke of Bueclcuch .

    Her Majesty ' s Master of the ceremonies . Foreign Ambassadors and Ministers . F . M . the Duke of Wel- F . M . the Marquis of An lington , ILG ., Com- glesoy , K . G ., Master mander-in-Chief . Gen . of the Ordnance . Her Majesty ' s Ministers , Bishop of London . His Grace the Archbishop of Canterbury . White Wands : viz ., Comptroller of the Treasurer of tho Household . Household . Yice-Chamberlain . Lord Steward . Garter . Lord Chamberlain

    Principal King of Arms . His Royal Highness tub PRINCE ALBERT , QUEEN , leading her R . Highness leading his R . Highness The Princess Royal . The Prince of Wales . His Royal Highness Her Royal Highness The Prince of Prussia . The Duchess of Kent . His Royal Highness Her Royal Highness Prince Henry of the Ive- The therlands . Princess of Prussia . His Royal Highness Her Royal Highness Prince Frederick . Princess Mary of Cam-William of Prussia . bridge . His Serene Highness His Royal Highness Prince Edward of Saxo The Weimar . Duke of Cambridge . Mistress of the Robes . Lady of the Bedchamber , Lady of tho Bedchamber Marchioness of Douro . in Waiting .

    Maid of Honour Maid of Honour in Waiting . in Waiting . Bedchamber Woman Lady Superintendent , in Waiting . LadyCarolinoBarrington Foreign Ladies , and Lady in attendance on II ; R . H . tbo Duchess of Kent . Gold stick in waiting . Master of the Horse . Groom of the Stole to H . U . 1 I . Prince Albert , Captain of the Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard . Gentlemen at Arms .

    Master ot the Buckiiounds . Lord of the Bedchamber Lord in Waiting to H . R . U . Prince Albert to the Queen . ° in waiting . Groom of tbe Bedchamber Groom in Waiting to II . R . H . Prince Albert to the Queen , in Waiting . Clerk Marshal . Equerry Equerry to II . R . 11 . Prince Albert to tho Queen in Waiting in Waiting . Gentleman Usher . Gent . Usher Gentleman Usher , to the Swovd of State . Silver Stick Field Officer in Waiting . in Brigade Waiting . The Gentlemen in attendance upon their Royal

    Highnesses the Duchess of Kent , the Duko of Cambridge , and the Prince and Princess of Prussia . Heralds . The procession turned to the right , moved to tbe west end of the nave by its north side , returned to tbe east end of tbe nave by its south side , including the south end of the transept , and came back to tho centre along the north side of tbe riave ; thus enabling all those present to see her Majesty and the procession . As the procession moved down the avenues , her progress was one continued ovation , the cheering and congratulations being taken up , and repeated with increased vigour , as her Majesty passed bv the different sections .

    On her Majesty ' s return to the' platform , the Queen declared " The Exhibition opened ! " which was announced to the public by a flourish of trumpets and the firing of a royal salute on the north of the Serpentine ; whereupon the barriers winch had kept the nave clear , were thrown open and the public allowed to circulate . Her Majesty then returned to Buckingham Palace by the route by which she came . All the doors , which had been closed at half-past eleven o ' clock , were , upon her Majesty ' s departure , opened again .

    The Edinburgh Tows Council* Bave Appoint...

    The Edinburgh Tows Council * bave appointed a deputation to proceed to London , with the view of obtaining that the committee to bo appointed by parliament to inquire into the subject of Church rates in England , and their Operation , should also be instructed to make a similar inquiry with regard to the Annuity Tax in Edinburgh , Montrose , and Canongate . Overcrowding Lodoino-Houses . —At the Liverpool Police Court , last week , a number of lodginghouse keepers , of the class with whom emigrants usually lodge , were fined for keeping overcrowded houses . One , whose house is licensed to receive twenty-five lodgers , was fined for taking in sixtyeight ; another , whose house is licensed to take in five , was fined for taking in fourteen ; and a third , whose bouse is licensed to receive eighteen , was fined for taking in fifty-four . A fine of ten shillings and costs was inflicted in each case .

    Mn . Pbto , Mr . Brassev , and Mr . J . L . Ricardo , have got the contract fof the 6 rst railway undertaking in Norway . It is to run from Lake Meuson to Christiana . It is expected to be opened in May , 1853 . Political Bequest . —The . Bristol Mercury contains the following announcement in respect to the Member for Bristol : — "By the recent decease of C . E . Sanders , Esq ., Mr . H . Berkeley is entitled to a legacy of £ l < Wvi , bequeathed by , Miss Sanders and payable on tho death of her brother , as a tribute of approbation , of our member ' s political tenets . ' . Two Mm perished at Dorking on Friday whilst sinking a well , by the earth falling UDOn them at ^ depth of more than fifty feet . P at a

    Latest Foreign. Pauis, Thursday—The Reve...

    LATEST FOREIGN . Pauis , Thursday—The revelations , which have oozed into the press , concerning tho interview of M . doPei-signy with General Ohangarnicr , have raised quite u storm ; and tho democratic papers threaten the impeachment of the government unless thev are disavowed . The portions which have ' attracted most attention iwo tho formation of an extra Parliamentary Ministry of Solution , with M . Porsigny at its head , and tho * allegation that a proclamation to the people I , ail been prepared by Louis Napoleon . Iu au case 8 ) as t ) , conversation could onl y haro been repeated by Uenoval Changarnicr , if a true version of the interview has reached tho public , it is difficult to conceive how the

    ex-commander-inchief could havo taken a meaner revenge for his fall , Moamvliile tho Patrie continues to affirm that tho details given are completely false , Viou was condemned to death on Wednesday , without attenuating circumstances , for tho murder of M . Desfontuincs .

    SPAIN . Madrid , April 20 . —The democratic party , which held a meeting iu the Teatro < le Yariedades , lias just published its electoral manifesto , which closes by proclaiming tho follow ing principles : —l . Universal Suffrage . 2 Inviolability of fundamental rights , « s domicile , ngut of meeting , & c . 3 , A single legislative chamber . 4 . An elective council of state .

    PORTUGAL . A telegraphic despatch from Lisbon via Paris , states that tho garrison of Oporto joined the Duko Saldauhu ' s insurrection on tho 21 th ult . Saldanha , who was on his road to Yigo , where he intended to embark , was recalled by the insurgent troops and inhabitants of Oporto . Another telegraphic despatch from Paris says : — " The insurgents have gained Oporto after ? , sanguinary street conflict of two hours . "

    Fearful Hail Aud Tiiu.Vder Stohm Ax Ebi....

    Fearful Hail aud Tiiu . vder Stohm ax Ebi . y Bunon . — Jfjinnow Escape op Yicioiiu Hall . — Shortly after ten o ' clock on Tuesday morning our city was visited with a fearful hail and thunder storm , which , though of short continuance , has been without parallel for a number of years . Tho hail was of great size , the stones being as largo as boans , and covering the earth in a few minutes . Several peals of thunder were heard during the storm , which lasted about a quarter of au hour ; one in particular burst directly above the city , and was re-echoed in a tremendous crash back from Salisbury Crags and Arthur ' s Seat , resembling tbo simultaneous and stunning discharge of a largo field of heavy ordnance . Immediately after tho

    big hailstones came rattling to the earth and a vivid flash of lightning broke through tho darkness of the thunder cloud , momentarily illuminating tho city . We havo heard of no accident having resulted , beyond the injury done to the Assembly Hall on tho Castle . hill , which had a narrow escape The lightning descended in tho form of a ball upon the southern roof of this splendid building , breaking tbo slates in pieces , and was carried into tho interior of tho church by iv leaden pipe , about three inches in diameter , which runs down tbo wall between the plaster and tho stono work , and carries off tho water from the roof . Its course was arrested by tbe molting of the pipe , part of which was also torn into shreds , and it spread on both sides , setting h ' re to the lath work and to tho ftoor . The flames speedily spread to tho wood en seats , and the church was filled in a few moments with smoke , which had a strong

    sulphureous smell . Fortunately the person who had the keys of the church lived on the opposite side of the street , and observed what had taken place , fie immediately gave the alarm , and in a few minutCB one of the fire-engines was on the spot , and by a plentiful discharge of water the flames were extinguished . About half-a-dozen of the large wooden seats , with their cushions were destroyed , and from twenty to thirty feet of tbe stone wall was scorched by the electric fluid . Tho glass in the large window yn tbe south side of the building where the lightning struck has been greatly discoloured , and a number of the pains have been broken . We aro happy to state that no injury was dono to the external Btone <\\ ovk sf the building . The damage dono in tho interior of tbe church will only amount to £ -10 or £ 50 ; but had the smoke and flames not been observed immediately after the church was struck , the consequences might kavo been more serious , — Edinburgh Witness .

    I PnosrERiix of Bibmisoham . —As a proof of the improved value of property at Birmingham , tho remarkable fact may bo stated , that ou Monday last the guardians of the poor sold by auction a portion of some land belonging to ihe parish , which originally cost , in tho year 18 U 4 , only £ 900 , for no less a sum than £ -5 , 000 , thereby realising a profit Of upwards of £ 4 , 000 . Much Other propcrtv , includinff the infant Poor Asylum and the old workhouse " remains to bo disposed of , and such is tbe demand for property , that it is supposed the proceeds will defray the cost of the new workhouse now in course of erection at Birmingham-heath , intended to accommodate 1 , 500 inmates , But if pauperism continues to decrease in the town in the Same rations

    the town of Birmingham in thetownof Birmingham it has done during the last two years , the probability is that the new butMmg , which is considered quite a " model workhouse , " , will never contain above half that number of paupers . The diminution of pauperism and tbe contemporaneous increase in tho value of property at Birmingham arc both very remarkable facts . —^« ncs . The CnisiiSE Exhibition . —This very curious collection was opened on Thursday to the public , and was crowded for many hours with the masses of people returning from the Great Exhibition at the Crystal Palace . The collection , however , which occupies the space immediately to ' the west of Albert-sate , Ivnightsbridge , is of itself

    sufficiently attractive to draw all who feel interest in what relates to China , without any other aid to visit its contents . In addition to the many specimens , both natural and artificial , of the Celestial Empire , there is a Chinese family—a young lady , whoso feet aro of the most aristocratic proportions of her native country , and whoia considered by those most capable of judging , a perfect vocalist , according to the Chinese notion of vocalism ; a musical professor of the first rank , and two children , who are precocious in talent , and very amusing ; an interpreter , and a lady's maid . This interesting group gave specimens of their powers to a crowded audience , and were very favourably received . The

    rooms in which the contents of the collection are distributed aro well arranged . The arrangements for creature comforts of the visitors , under tbe management of Mr . Ellis , are equally good , and tho place generally affords such accommodation as the public require . Tun Kew Customs Duties , —The government bill to alter certain duties of Customs was printed on Thursday . The new duties on coffee and timber have already commenced—they came into force on the loth of April , and goods in warehouse on the ICth ult . are to bo subjected to the new duties . On coffee the new duty is 3 d ., andonkilndried , roasted , or ground Od . per lb , The now duties on timber and wood goods not otherwise charged with duty are set forth ia the table in the act .

    Coiro . v fbom India . —On Monday Mr . II . Fleming , secretary to the Commercial Association , received advices from the Hon . East India Com . pany that they had directed 103 bales of cotton , tbo produce . of tho Tinnivelly and Coimbatore districts of Indiii . ^ receivod per Juliana , and Trafalgar , to bo forwarded to him for sale in Manchester , and requesting from him the usual reports as to its quality . " Of this parcel seventy bales are indigenous cotton , and the remainder is tho produce of New Orleans seed . .

    Dkatii op Mrs . AtExiSDER Leb , Formerly Mrs , TfAUun , the Yocalist . — This lady expired On Saturday , the 20 th of April , after a painful illness of seven years' duration , which obliged her suddenly ' to relinquish the profession to which she was so great an ornament . She suffered with Christian patience , and to the last with pious resignation . She was one of the sweetest and best of English ballad singers . ' . - Writs op -EBROR .-On Saturday was printed a paper , by order of the House of Lords , from which »^ iL ~ IL . ? w : 1880 to the present time there 220 writof

    were s error broughtTinto the Exchequei-omce . and there were 98 returned into the Exchequer Chamber . The result of the mnety-cght was that seventy-two werTaffirtnS SXS & ^^ -- ; waSSS rM ^ Catl l- edral ° Kotve Dara 6 T ( Sr ?? f „« S ' M ° 0 d Fr - * ' after a silence of three Si v d bs . repaW 3 ln the belfr r- T ^ bdl ii called Emanuel , wa cast in 1682 , and Louia - vi v ., named ltin the christening ceremony . ' Formerly sixteen men were required to ring it , but owmg to an improvement in the banging , four now

    Fatiirr Gavazh , it is said , will publish his life at the close of his orations , : A . Magistrate ¦ recently cautioned a defendant " not to take the law into his own handa . tnmv present impure state of it , surely nobody woaw tuinn of doing so!— Punch . . . . , .., at . . Thbrk are 21 , 979 lawyers m the United States .

• Citation
  • Northern Star (1837-1852), May 3, 1851, page 5, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_03051851/page/5/