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Northern Star (1837-1852), 3rd April 1847, Edition 2 of 3, Page 7, fcttujiet'iaijjmamfBsU

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      April3. T^7. The Northern Star

      April 3 . t ^ 7 . THE NORTHERN STAR

      #Omp Imobtmems.

      # omp imobtmems .

      "And 1 Will War, At Least In Words, (And...

      "And 1 will war , at least in words , ( And— -should my chance so happen—deeds , ) With all who war with Thought !"

      «L Think I Hew Alitfle¥Ird, Who Sings Th...

      « l think I hew alitfle ¥ ird , who sings The people hj-wd-bj willbe the stronger . " —Btsos

      The American Agrarian Reformers. We Have...

      THE AMERICAN AGRARIAN REFORMERS . We have great pleasure in re-publishing the following report ( slightly abridged ) of a COMPLMEKAST BAH tO OKOBOX H . XVAKS , XDltOR 0 ? " TOTJSO AMERICA . " The friends of the Editor of " Young America . " sum-Iters of the Rational Reform Association , and other friends of ths Free Soil cause , assembled at Tammany Hall on Thursday evening , February 25 th , to a compli . mentary social festival . Tbe large doable ball was thrown open at fhe usual hour , and the floor was soon Will filled with joyous groups tripping gaily to the music Of Bugle ' s excellent band . When half the list of dances kad bees performed an intermission of this amusement took place , and the company proceeded to the sapper room , where Mr Byckmin , by common consent , took the head of the table , and after the repast invited tbe attention af the crowded company to a few touts prepared by the Committee of Arrangements . The first toast he announced as follows : —

      George H , Evans—Tbe indefatigable and tried friend Of the working men of oar country . First ia the field as their editorial champion—always prompt and faithful in apprising the masses of the designs of their enemies . Owing to hit perseverance aad sagacity , the National Sefotraers are now opening a roal which will lead in tbe end to the prospetiiy and happiness of our race . After the applause with which this toast was received ba & subsided , Mr Ev . tNg arose , and spoke as follows : Mr President ; Friends—To « ay th » tl feel highly honoured hy this mark of your consideration , were but feebly to expiesimy intimate of it . Hot exactly agree . ing with som » witty author who has laid , that " word * were given to conceal though--V it certainl y does occur to me just now , that they were not given me to explain them

      I presume tbat I have the usual share ofthe vanity , as well as vexation of spirit , belonging to this wicked world , but I am not vain enough to suppose that all the honors of ibis festival belong to me . But for the discovery of the printing press I should not have been able to do more in this movement than many here present and many of our absent but active friends throughout the country . I see around me , at this moment , soma with , out whose help Young America , in all probability , could not have been in existence at this day , and many whose persevering exertions have greatly contributed to its present prosperity . Should our glorious cause succeed , ot which , I presume , few here have the slightest douht , for we are determined that it shall succeed , those whose names are enrolled on ths records of the national

      Reform Association , as well as others who in other Spheres hare acted in conjunction with as , will be considered as among tbe greatest benefactors of their race . Already has a history of " The American Agrarian Hovement ** appeared in the best paper in Europe , running through several numbers of that widely circulated journal , and in which many of the nam a of our active members are recorded . The paper Young America has beeo chiefl y instrumental in stimulating the fetmation if many a gallant band similar to our own . throughout tbe Union , and in awakening the attention of men much jaorj capable of promulgating the troths ofthe free soil doctrine than myself . It has seemed an unfavourable circumstance that the art of printing was not as available , to ths masses as the art of writing , so that the

      press might hare been disconnected from all mercenary infi-jtsce which now is brought to bear npon it ; bnt , fortunately , our reform is of s character competent to overcome tiiis obstacle ; for few inducements can be held out to an edk . r suScifnt to overbalance the almost universal aspiration for a free home on the bountiful earth , and tbe improvid ttate of society that would result from a security of tbat blessing to ait . There is no word in the EngiL-u language so pregnant with delightful association ; as that little word Home . I doubt not that the ladies "ill agree to this with a single exception . But what can a ( ovxat know of those endearing associations ! If , in addition to a deprivation of the old family Homestead , the young couple starting iu life have no better chance to obtain a home than hare tbe adventurers in a lottery to obtain the high prizes , what becomes of tbat

      right to tbe " pursuit of happiness" enumerated iu the Declaration of Independence as one of the Inalienable rights of maa * A man in prison on suspicion Ot debt may pursue happiness by taming spiders , but better means for the pursuit were intended for our use by the framers of our National Charter . That there is a ' good time coming" 1 have no manner of doubt ; a time when men shell be at least as wise as Other animals in availing themselves of the fruits of the earth collected by their own industry : a time when wars and strifes shall cease , when a Free Home and the means of progressive improvement and happiness shall be secured to all the human family . Let ns live in hope . Ladies and Gentleman : I am not used to speech making ; there are others who have something to say ; and I am sure you would not thank me for taking up more oi jour time . I will conclude by offering j ou a toast , —

      The Chartists of Great Britain , the Bepealers of Ireland , the Republicans and Assoeiationists of France , and the Cotntnunists of Germany—JSohla Puau-aM of " the good Una coming" when Rational Reform for a Pre : foil shall be triumphant throughout the world . The President then announced tbe remaining regular toasts in the order following , each ( though not drank ) receiving the most lively demonstrations of app ' ause . Our Country—as yet but in name . May its sons speedily create the Title Deed is reality . The Press , or at least that portion of it who have joined the swelling ranks of the National Reformers . The secession of such a material amply redeems its character . To one and all ot these advocates of justice we say hail , receive from ns the grateful thanks due from brethren .

      Ireland—Bleeding , starving Ireland . We mourn in sorro-s- over her degraded and fallen condition . We pit > and condole with her in this her hour of desolation and despair . She has our prayers , our tears , and our warmest sympathies . Hay her trials open the pathway to a bright and glorious future , in which the epitaph of her Emrnett may be inscribed by a free people upon a free soil . National Bsform—The anchor that had been timely Clrt to save our Republic from standing on the Sfcme Shoals with the crumbling monarchies ofthe old world . Tbe Issue—The equal right of all to their birthright ce the soil . 1 be Bights of Han against the Wrongs of Property . Th * Bights of Labour against the Tyranny of Capital .

      Bight , net Might , shall be the Lord In the good time coming . Our coworkers—in the holy cause of human emancipation throughout Europe and America . Be firm , be hopeful ; be untiring . Hope iu the true heart never dies , Toil oa , the day-star yet shall rise . Horace Greeley—The working man .

      to whom , when boasting her primeval plume , Ka ' ure might proudly point , and say , this wasaman ! The Xancnsd Reform Party—Insisting upon justice to the Iniividual , their Country and Mankind . History * ii ! gratefull y resord that They caas when all seemed lost , and nobly hurled Themselves into the scale and saved the world . Tbe ladies prtser . t and absent—Oar roe thera , sweet-Mans , wives , daughters , and sisters . May they uni-. e thfirpowetfai exertions with ours in bringing about the establishment cf our principles .

      Mr Cox * £ BF 03 Dthen r .. se to present a volunteer toast , and ws . s received with loud applause from all parte of Me roam . He addressed the company as follows . — « r Caairmau , Ladies , and Gentlemen—I am extremely Srstiried in beholding this brilliant manifestation ofthe esteem in which our friend is held . This tribute of respect becomes the more grateful tome , becauseI have the good fortune to have been placed in a position where there was ample opportunities to observe his conduct . For nearly tweaty years I have seen him standing as the uncompromising adv * cate of tbe rights of the people . To him has been unknown the pecuniary repose ofthe editorial partizan The triumph of either party in this country has brought with it no principle , wherein is contained tbe essential elements of sabstantiil benefit

      to the mass of the American people . Faithfully intent upon the prosecution of the work of humanity , the great measures which the National Reformers are so persevering ! , ? attemptingto esstablish . bavechiefly been brought ~ ato view by bim . I recollect that sometime before it * -as decided , tbat tbe people of this city should be called together , to consider tbe importance of emancipating our country from the curse of Land Monopoly , Mr * rans called upan me : in that interview he stated that w was necessary for the success of the cause that we ihoaid hare a paper through which oar measures and tjects could ba explained . TQtbis I agreed ; at thr same time observing tbat it was rather difficult to get « ay one to embark in so unprofitable an enterprise . Ha »» id he knewit , bntit was requisite that some one should wcome the sufferer , and that if no other offered he * ou ! d . This has he done ; and I venture to say that no p tatr person would have entered on so gre « . t a task To

      to ™ -sen , more than to any othir man , do we owe our Pres . nt hope and the future successful gratification oi ^ expectations . Let us look at Ireland . The afflieubus ni .-h which that people are visited are replete with teoartioa to us . Ia her melancholy condition we ¦ * Jcidiu miniature the reflection of the disastrous confluences which will inevitably overtake every nation -ere tie monopoly of land is recognised . It is true , "itthe vaiceand pen of the blasphemer attribute the ^ fTitioa ofthe Irish peasantry to Providence ; what a - etch of wickedness do we see here exhibited ! What commentary on the intelligence of mankind ! I will * those who have thus impiously arrogated tbe right of ^ -Mpreting the Intentions of our Creator , if in Ms g « od-* *» * e denied to Ireland the bringing forth of asufiicient ^ - " a of produce ( besides the potato ) to feed tha whole iuZ f ^ ! l " *¦ fQrther a , k *** it that gn at . gooa Being « er decreed that Hi * — *» nf \ i «• npnti . i-

      iiat *"" ' el -to tLe P & tato » » r » n J other vegetable t as subject * ° decay or change ! No ! they can <* i <* « f ° anthorit J but thit which emanates from the stdness of tyrants . The people of Ireland must not - tES WSBf r rthemw , re , t 0 , » ta I " P ° •» the In--oa of hypocrites , I trust their misfortunes will

      The American Agrarian Reformers. We Have...

      instigate them to piobe to its origin the causes of their misery : when they become convinced that the depth of the evil by which tbey are surrounded proceeds from misgovernment , and the monopol y of their fertile lands , then will another people prepare with us to strike effectually for the rights of man ! Mr Commerford concluded by proposing , " Dr Charles Douglas—the able and devoted friend of the working classes . " Mr Douglas was drawn out to respond to the merited compliment of Mr Commerford , which was heartily adopted by the company . In his remarks he canvassed the National Kefonn movement from its infancy up to the present . He closed with ' the following toast which met with a hearty response from , all present : — A Free Soil and a Landed Democracy—The only llf » and abiding foundation for oar Republic .

      YOLUSTEER TOWS . By J . R . Ksiseb . Our Country" Where ' er one man may help another , Thank God , this is our birthright brother , This is our own true Fatherland . " By H . Beemy . Our Bevolutionary Sires—May we so reverence their virtues and emulate their patriotism , at to add to the happiness they enjoy in the abodes of the immortals . By las B . Davis . The Temple of Liberty and Equality—The foundation to be laid by the National Reformers ; and the superstructure to be completed by the Associatifrnists . By Jobs CoKXEaroBD . Michael Walsh—Independent , talented and honest . The ttue representative of the working mea of this city .

      By Mr L . W . RiccitiK . George H . Evans—Discord reigned ; Nations warred upon each other ; Prostrate Labour was preyed upon by Capital ; Corruption festered in the State ; the Church was frozen into a status of selfishness ; unblushing Tice stalked through the land , when The Friend we meet to honour , sent b j Heaven , Showed the true plan to make these odds all even . Mr RrcKsuif , the Master of Ceremonies , concluded the table festivities with some happy and well-timed remarks en the influence that Womau should exert in this great reform . His remarks elicited warm commendations , especially from the ladies .

      The company then returned to the Ball room . The Ball was everything that could be desired , and the Festival resulted highly to the satisfaction of the Committee of Arrangements aud to every peison present .

      Movements Of The Week. Tbe " Journal Des...

      MOVEMENTS OF THE WEEK . Tbe " Journal des Debats , " of Monday , contained a lengthy article predicting the failure of the next harvest , and urging the extension of the temporary law authorising the free importation of articles of food , for one year longer . The Bourse was seized with a panic in consequence of these gloomy forebodings of the " Journal des Debats . "

      M . Duvergier de Hauranne ' s humbug proposition for the reform of the present electoral system has been negatived by a majority of ninety-eight on the side of the Guizot ministry . In the course of the debate M . Guizot defined his views of political progress as an " onward march which Conservative policy alone could effect . " That is , France is to " git along " ( as the Yankees say , ) hy standing still I With unblushing assurance M . Guizot admitted the charge of official corruption , begging , however , tbat the Chamber would be good enough to give the nasty thing a smoother name , to wit : " abuse of influence I" He followed this up by apologising for French ministerial corruption on the ground that

      corruption was practised to a much greater extent in England and the United States ! "Without defending the United States , or this country , [ catch us at such a work !] from the charges brought against both by this political scoundrel in mitigation of bis own offences—as if three blacks could make a white—leaving ito others the congenial task of defending the English and American " systems , " we will show what is the system by which Guizot and his master rules and reigns . The following table is borrowed from a work entitled , France , her Government , Administration , & c , " a publication , we have reason to believe , thoroughly trustworthy , and the popularity of which is sufficient ! v evidenced by its extensive sale : —

      Movements Of The Week. Tbe " Journal Des...

      A GENERAL TABLE OP OFFICIALS APPOINTED AND PAID BY THE GOVERNMENT , Liable to Removal , and Susceptible of Promotion , and Annuitants or Pensioners , with tbe Amount of Salaries and Pensions . f ¥ fW ¥ 7 Wf ¥ WWff ¥ f S-agasssSs .-i . isgss'f 5 ;; f * lSS : * g '""' SS ' a = >~ 1 ° " • z . D ^ S ^ Z nosr ws : a * * s ? S 5 ' ¦ s ° 2 P M * - * . . aT * a . ai » a .. Z ' .. *^*« 9 — < g a . , tr • - - * «* s »? 2 2 .- h * S ^ £ SC-0 ...-- » C . " ^ .. 4 HZ . 4 : n £ : :::::: « : s :: : 5 ? a a a a . aa .-a . a a ^—* . a . . . * - a aa . aa ...... . a g , aa ..... a * aaaaaa f >; a -aaaaaa ... - — aaaa . | — . * .......... ( ... *** I . ........ --a * - a . aa { a aaaaaaaaaa ^ fa . — aa 1 a «« .. «« * - « . VB .. ««* M rS M M C 3 fd a ta M I * - I- ? - > ?> - = 5 'I " - ^ i ' a . * a r'J * ' . » . " * - ¦* . ? . *¦ *• Paid Officialt . Ja * M * a ) * - < i 5- ; oso-isoBa CD O CS 9 C 9 Q C O O O - 3 > OP C O O Q -4 o ~ . oooooo :- > coooooo . ss - " — ut u u u es h i . -- » ( - * S 3 » - » eo Amount of * * . »» . - >? pi . » rx » i . opyijisi their Braoln--l eH »^ OSMMSOOS 3 BBS menu . K , exaa-4 ondeooo ) s { o * R . -unit * . C 5 < S *¦? ° *^ 'S S j > ?? J J P ^ f ^? c bsoooooedobo 0 * * 0 o 0000000000000000 c o o o o o o o o o o o o 00 o o 1 _ I DtriiingiD , -w 1-. is 1 * . * -. es I income C « I . I . *» I « I » i" I a- . " «* 1- » » from their ' c ¦ iclolul-jol-it . sooocl office * or » « © ° < = ° ° ? SOOOCOi M ^ rSrfiJ ! £ o o o o 00 oosooo » i * nPT-Mies — T 7 "I 1 EMicising a X -v ts w * - I all Monici- n « " ¦ - ""¦ 1 f I I I - * " I I I i * I . ' * I I . 11 * 1 Power . » oc o f I II lol I l » l » l l o under the * C * ° ° O CI O I Oa-Ta-. o o o oool rretect . / tTrieinpbjed Ptii- ul > , . Officer . recei » . * " I 1 " ^ - I ! «• ' r * Gnluitlts , o I a l aituuao l a ul ,,- j . a „_„ , •„ ' o . 1 cooseoooo ages -3 S - "innitin , o o 000000 000 qS Sreoarn . tic . ) O HO 3 S i _ 8 I . SSS 388 I SS 81 § jS Amo ™ tFaid . ; 0 2 22 c ' ° So 000 " do 0 o 0000 = 0 000 00 c o coooCo 555 CO 2 ' . . _ . „ ... ;> *¦• ¦ Ptntitmm , . - * , . J . -- - - * * - < = i- » i-r Retired | it I ' tai 23 S *'* -= li - ' - ,, - » s-ji-. OD Offidili . 2 1 gS 222 oo © ooc- > cioooo - "ST * - 01 00000 000000000 0 etc . t 5 I S . SSSSS § SSggg § cS S Amount Paid . I liiisssssggggsg . o c o o o oeooooo coo o ! ts " 5 ( j £ 2 2 _ S' - * J ' t .-ii- ' 5 > - > iI & cr ; . i-. C - **» rw , . » w _ c . , . iisao-. * Total . Officii ! .. -s ** a » oosueiDCi-igB 4 <» 0 ) "J S » s » eiaooKuHHS -iDi »< 0-. OOOOOOOOOOCOOO aa > l _ — ' IStStCaV---. M H M ^ H C < -I j * _ M _ 0 ) w-J ; lpao- < 06 ia 9 at » . -i * 53 I o od " -- m V-rV . o ~ o"is ci * - ' " -- "» ' * . "« o Total Salaries , cj I o B a is -1 e 1 ; o e o m o a j k o Pensions , eto . _ ¦ -. j p «» o c . * - _ p y p o o ts pop *^» reunions , eiu . o ; oooo © "bo " o 0000 o 000 oi 0000000000000000 cl 0000000000000000 .

      Movements Of The Week. Tbe " Journal Des...

      The result is an army of 932 , 000 paid or unpaid officials and dependants , all under the immediate command ofthe Government ; almost five times the number of the electoral body , which is under 200 , 000 ! "Thus , " says the author of the work above-named , " it follows that the Government has the means of seducing and bribing the whole electoral body . " Tes ; and the Government would have that power , though the constituency should be enlarged four or five times over , and hence we scout the fraudulent change proposed hy M . de Hauranne , as being no remedy for the evil ; but , on the contrary , being merely calculated to increase the number of the citizenised profitccracy who , like the Irish " patriot , " would , no doubt , " thank God they bad a country to sell !"

      Tbe miserable Queen of 'S pain continues under the coercion imposed upon her by her infamous ministers , the tools of Christina and Louis-Philippe . It is said a military conspiracy exists to dethrone Isabella , and bring in her sister , the baby wife of . Mbntpensier . Pity it is that the Spanish people have not the sense and courage to rise and destroy the whole crew of villains who oppress and degrade them ! " Tbe sun would shine tbe same , Tbe rains of heaven as seatocab" j fall , Though neither Queen nor Parliament existed . "

      The retrograde step of the Pope , in establishing a stamp on newspapers and a modified censorship , has thrown a gloom over the hopes of those who looked upon Pius the 3 S . uth as the destined liberator of Italy .

      Asother Thbatbk On Fibe.—A Letter From B...

      Asother Thbatbk on FiBE . —A letter from Berlin says , that on the evening of the 19 th nit ., during the representation at tho Grand Open of that t & pital , the house was on fire . Ilappily the flames were gut under with & Uta of only a portion , of the scenery . Loia Mosns . —The Menish Observer states , on the authority of letters from Munich , that Lola Montes brns at length been created Count . egj of Stern * heim , and that her letterof nobility is Pq be presented to her on ber fee-day .

      Asother Thbatbk On Fibe.—A Letter From B...

      , . ~**"( """"" - " ¦ "" ' •• -- ' ^ --W .- ^ . w ,,. . ,,,. INDIA . News has arrived from Bombay to the 2 nd of March . There is much dissatisfaction prevalent in Lahore . A conspiracy has been discovered , which had fir its objects the murder oi Tej Singh , who is looked upon as the friend ofthe British . Gholab Singh is ruling his new subjects with a rod of iron . The winter has been unusually severe in the north of India . The Goomsoora , perhaps the most uncivilized of all the tribes of India , are still in arms .

      CAPE OF GOOD HOPE . Tm War . —Cape Town papers to the 23 rd of January have arrived . They state that the operations of the forces under Colonel Somerset against the chief Pato , and in the capture of cattle in Creili ' s country , have been very successful , and that reasonable expectations are entertained of a speedy end of open war . NEW SOUTH WALES . A Uhancs ior Maids , Oidanp Yoi / kg . —We are in receipt of papers from this colony to the 9 th of December . They contain the results of the census for 1846 , taken on the 2 nd of March . The total

      population of New South Wales on that day was ( exclusive of Port Essington . ) males , 114 , ? 69 ; females , 74 , 840 ; tote " , 1 S 9 , 609 ; To equalize the sexes nearly thirtyeight thousand females were required . Whokjsale SiAuflHniu . —The following are the names ofthe twelve men who were executed at Norfolk Island , on the 13 th of October , for the murder of John Morris : — -William Westwood , alias Jackey Jackey , John Davis , Samuel Kenyon , Dennis Pendergast , Owen Commuskie , Henry White , William Pearson , James Cairnea , William Pickthorne , Lawrence Kavenagh , William Scrimshaw , and Edward M'Ginniss .

      NEW ZEALAKD . In the Sydney papers it is said that a " Wellington S p ecta t or " ofthe 4 th ol November had been received . The only extract given indicates that the district of Wanganui was still disturbed .

      FRANCE . Thi Chambers . —The debate in the Chamber of Deputies on the question of electoral reform was brought to a close on Friday , when the measure was lost in a full house , the votes against it being 252 : for it . 154 . B ' Ths Dbamh . —Trial of Rioters . —The accounts from the provinces of the emeutes produced by the d e arne s s of grain continue to be received . Boats and waggons cannot proceed to the markets without a military escort . The Court of Assizes of the department of Ille-et-Villaine has been occupied during three days with the trial of sixty-three persons , among whom were several women , charged with having been concerned in the corn riots tbat took

      place at Rent . es on the 9 th and 10 th January . In the tumult there was a cry of "We must kill all these scoundrels—that is the way they do at Paris !" The jury returned a verdict of acquittal in favour of forty-nine of them . The remainder , who were declared guilty , were condemned to periods of imprisonm e nt , varying from three montbs to three years . [ Although these sentences are very severe they are merciful compared with tbe atrocious sentences passed upon the poor Burghead { Scotland ) fishermen . j Death of Polignac . —Prince Polignac , minister of Charles X , rendered celebrated for signing the ordonnance which produced the revolution of July , died on Monday night of aa attack ef gout at St . Germain en Lave .

      PORTUGAL . Thk Civii , War . —We have Lisbon news to the 2 2 nd ul t im o . The civil contest was brought to a stand-still for want of both money and energy to prosecute it with vigour . Saldanha had not moved a foot nearer Oporto , and was clamorous for fresh recruits and money , neither of which were to be had . Artillery had been sent from Oporto to Viana , as the Junta have determined to reduce the Castle of that torrn ; the receipts of the Custom-house being of great value to them at present .

      BELGIUM . State or Flabdebs . —A letter from Inglemunster of the 20 th to iheNouvelliste de Bruges , says , " Heaven knows what evils are reserved in the inscrutable counsel of Providence for our unfortunate Flemings . A formidable contagion has broken out in one of our communes , which are already desolated by famine . The dysentery prevails at Meulebeke , andhas at this moment carried off sixteen persons . " GERMANY . Prussia . —Communist Societies . — The Prussian official Gazette publishes a royal decree declaring that all then-embere of communist societies shall be prosecuted according to the existing laws against high treason , if found to propagate doctrines subversive of those laws .

      . a ... Distdrbasces . —Letters from Breslau , of the 20 th , state that at Troppau , on the llth and 12 th , it was found necessary to call out all the troops there to disperse the meetings of the populace , who threatened to pillage the place . At Oldersdurf , a large crowd assembled before the house of the mayor with orin of "Dread vr work . " lie SitllSHed tliem by distributing a large store of potatoes amongst them . Order has since been restored . Austbia . —A correspondent writes from Vienna , on the 22 nd , to the Journal de Francfort : — " In cor-sequence of the continued dearth of provisions , there were riots on the 20 th at Funtlians , a village in the environs of Vienna ; the bakers' and other shops weie forcibly entered , and a quantity of bread and other provisions was carried off ; but a detachment of hutsarasoon dispersed ihemob . " / ITALY .

      Accounts from Florence state that a great deal of excitement exists in Tuscany , and that a movement is expected forthwith on the part of the Liberals . A young man calling himself Count Baldi , a native of Fano , has been arrested at Rome on the charge of intending to assassinate the Pope .

      HUNGARY . We read in a Frankfort journal : — Hungary is at present io great agitation , although not a dangerous oae . The approaching election of a new palatine or viceroy is the cause of all the noise tbat is beard on both sides ofthe Danube , from Presburg to Peterwardein . It is besides a serious question for the country , notwithstanding tVe excessive enthusiasm which tbe populations display . Tbey are about to be called on to exercise one ofthe rights nhich are dearest to them , and by their choice they are on the point of accomplishing an act which has a certain importance fur their future welfare . Their desire is to raise to the Vkerojalty a prince , Hungarian in ideas and sentimmts .

      and whom they may regard as national , This prince exists , being tbe Archduke Stephen , son of the last palatine , who has been brought up expressly in tbe Magyars ' language and customs , and is at present lieutenant of the kingdom , whilst waiting for the election . The Archduke Stephen bas been for a long time popular ; for a longtime the national credulity ofthe peasants beholds in bim the king of Hungary himself . It is certain tbat the Magyars cannot made a better choice . Perhaps tbe Illyrians of Croatia and Sclavonia , and the Eastern Wallachmi , are not of tbat opinion , forfbuy think that they have but little to gain by what profit * the Magyars . But the last-named are constitutioually tbe most powerful , although physically they are less

      numerous

      POLAND . Frightful Statu of Gaucu . —The accounts from Galicia are most deplorable . The inhabitants have been compelled by hunger to feed upon the dead bodies , and the population is decimated by famine and fever . After the 1 st April no French journals were to be allowed into Galicia .

      GREECE . Horrible Scene . —The following horrible scene haa taken place at Nauplia , in Greece : — -Two brigands , Demetrius and Theodosius Tryphoupoulos , were brought out for execution in the principal square ofthe town . They both walked quietly to the scaffold , but when the executioner approachttl Demetrius to bind him to the fatal p lank , the latter , who is a man of gigantic stature and herculean strength , burst his cords , and overthrew the executioner and his assistants . On their endeavouring to

      seize him , when they regained their legs , Demetrius beat them severely , and threatened to pitch them ot ! the scaffold among the crowd , and was carrying his threats into execution , when the executioner drew a long-bladed knife from under his dress , and stabbed Demetrius to the heart , who fell dead upon the platform . The executioner then decapitated the corpse . The other brother , Theodosius , on the contrary , seemed perfectly resigned to his fate , and submitted hims e lf quietly into the hands of the executioner . In another moment he had ceased to exist .

      Eolonm Anir Fbtfixn Hxtouifwui.

      eolonM anir fbtfixn hxtoUifwui .

      ^Jottip Jtordlaim

      ^ jottip Jtordlaim

      Iyiubder In France.—A Dreadful Crime Has...

      IYIubder in France . —A dreadful crime has been committed at Beaufort ( Jura ) . A respectable man , named Claude Conte , and his wife , both upwards of € 0 years of age , and living on a fortune of about 150 , 000 f ., werefrmiid , on t he 20 t h , murdered in their dining-room . It would seem that tbey had just sat down to dinner when tho murderers entered the house , as the food was found untasted on the table . The house was plundered . Marshal Soult , President of the Council of Ministers , entered , on tbe 29 th ult , his 83 rd year . The Duke of Dalmatiahas been Marshal of France since 1801 , that is , during 43 years .

      Ohk of the " Empire . "— The Jvumal des Debats announces the death at Nancy , in bis 73 d year , ofthe celebrated Count Drouot , Lieutenant-General oi Artillery . Napoleon said of Count Drouot that "his morality , probity , and simplicity would have done honour to the epoch of Cincinnatus . " Massacbb . —A few days ago the following massacre was committed at Nedonchel ( Pas de Calais ) . A father ( strangled his two children , 01 ) 6 SIX and the other only four years'old , in order that he might become the uncontrolled possessor of some little property which they inherited .

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      Monday, March 29. House Of Lords.—Iaisa ...

      MONDAY , March 29 . HOUSE OF LORDS . —Iaisa Paopbrs . — Lord Dsiam stated tbat he bad made inquiries at Belfast , and other places in Ireland , relative to the statement made by Lord Brougham , of Irish paupers having their passage paid over to this country , and he had reason to believe that that statement was without foundatian . It was , howaver , true that parties in Ireland , who had received money from their friends in America to enable thera to emigrate , not having sufficient funds to cs > rry them to a port of embarkation iu Snglnnd , bad received assistance for that purpose from their landlords ,

      Lord BaonoHaM reiterated his expressions of belief in the statement he had made ; and in addition , said that he had been informed by trustworthy persons in Ireland , tbat several landlords in the county of Waterlord bad paid their tenants five pounds each to destroy their cabins , and go into the town , that they might clear their estates ofthe destitute population . Liairei ) Bt « 1 i 8 TMENT .--The Marquis of Lom > oni > w . i . t moved for any correspondence which may have taken place between tbe government and the military authorities and general officers relative to limited enlistment in the army . Esrl Gbet objected to the production of any correspondence which had taken place preparatory to the introduction of a measure submitted to Parliament by the government . If the principle of admitting such motions were to bs conceded , it would be subversive of the whole system upon which the public service is now conducted .

      The Ear ! of Cardigan looked with terror and appro * bension at the measure of tbe government . In his opinion , the most effectual way of inducing a higher class of men to enlist would be by adopting a more liberal pension system , aud a curtailment in the period of colonial service . By tbe bill in question , after a period of thirty-four years , a man would receive a pension of but sixpence a day , being about the amount paid to a pauper . Was this , be would ask , a systsm likely to induce a superior class of men to enter tbe army 1 There was another point of view in which the question might be regarded . In this country a standing army had always been an object of considerable jealousy , though in modern times , owing to the large ilraugbts demanded for our colonies , the force which remained at

      home was but tbe skeleton of an army . When , under tbe proposed system of limited eerrice , the population of this country should , some years- hence , be trained to military habits , it might be found difficult to repress riots and disturbances with the small force retained in this country . Their lordships must recollect what occurreda few years since in a neighbouring country , wheie the troops ofthe then reigning Sovereign were beattn by tho population of the chief city , and a change of dynasty was the consequence . Such an event could not have occurred in this country . How , then , did it happen in Prance 1 Because the whole population of that country was a military population , practised in the use of -firearms , and familiar with their sound . About ten or twelre

      years ago , upon some occasion which he could not then call to mind , a body of 80 , 000 pr 40 . 000 men marched through the streets of Iiondon . That proceeding rilled tbe government with deep apprehension , and the whole of the military were under arms in the neighbourhood of the metropolis . The assemblage dispersed quietly , but if two-thirds of the men who then marched through the capital of England had been discharged from the ranks , and accustomed to the use of firearms , who could have foretold what the conssquences would hav < s been in the erent of any disturbance hpvinff arisen 1 ( Ilear , hear . ) After some furtber observations , the Marquis of Londonderry withdrew his motion , and their lordships ad . journed .

      HOUSE OP COSfUONS . — DisHissAr . FBfJt Pvblic Wobks . —Mr Laboucheee , in answer to a question from Mr Smith O'Brien , stated that although twenty pi ; r cent , ofthe labourers on the relief works in Ireland had been dismissed , the operations had been modified in some particular districts se as to cause the least possible mischief J and the change had been effected without disturbance , and with most beneficial results . Indeed the change had been accomplished in such a manner as would not only essentially benefit tbe country , but would also materially promote the cultivation of the soil . In many parts of Ireland persons had been placed on the

      public works who ought never to have been placed there , and , generally speaking , those persons had been the first struck off . The government bad never said that lo persons sbould be struck off the public works till the reiki committees and soup kitchens were organized . He likewise contended , tbat it was not true , that there were no means of completing tbe works already commenced . New presentment * had been recently made ; but , instead of being decided on at once by the Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland , they were referred to the Home Secretary in this country , and would be carried into effect or not , as he should tbink expedient .

      In-ubrection in Catalonia . —Mr Borthwick rose to call the attention of the noble lord , the Secretary for Foreign Affairs , to a proclamation issued in Catalonia by General Breton , on tbe tth of March . The proclamation state 1 that " the exertions and fatigues ofthe brave troops will be Incompetent to the cxtan- ' natvo * . ofthe hordes of Vandals Who Imre raised anew their banner of blood with a view to reproduce the disasters of the last war , so long » s theso liunies shall flad In tlie country that shelter and protection which can alone save them from the pursuit of our indtfatigable columns . " Tha proclamation stated that the hordes were protected by tbe people , and it was a question well worthy the serious consideration of the noble lord opposite ( Lord Palmerston ) , whether he would not be able to drawa line of

      distinction between the "hordis raising a bloody banner ' and those who were the honest and peaceable inhabitants of the country . He ( Mr Bortliwick ) asserted , tbat at the time this proclamation bad b ; en issusd , not a musket had been fired—a band had not been farmed—no act of insurrection bad been committed by any class of men under any banner , blooly or otherwise , upheld in the name of the Count de Montemolin . The proclamation , however , ordained the punishment of death " upon every person who shall be taken , with or without arms , if accompanying any rebel bands—upon all spies—upon every individual carrying letters or do-patches for the rebels—upon all who , after having served with the rebels , shall have taken refuge in the towns or country housesand upon every person who shall receive or conceal in

      his bouse any of the wounded , or fugatives , of the rebel forces . " The llth clauseofthe proclamation provided "tbat the alcaldes and judges of tho towns shall continually keep some person on the look-out on the steep le , or other elevated position , and the watoh , so soon as he mny observe any suspicious assemblage , shall give notice to the authorities . Surprise being thus rendered impossible , the plea of it will not bo accepted as an excuse for the alcaldes or judges , who willba subjected to the strictest responsibility , involving penalties that may , under certain circumstances , include that of death . " The proclamation went en to state that " if any adult shall leave his house to join the ranks of tho rebels , the alcalde must give immediate information to the commandantgeneral of the province , who shall order tbst tbe fatber

      and mother , guardians or relatives ( in case they should have iuflusnoed the adult to tho commission of this crime by their advice or otherwise ) bo forthwith arrested and placed at the disposal of the Council of War . This tribunal shall try them , and inflict even the penalty of death If they be found to have deserved it . " Unhappily , Queen Isabella II . was an ally of this country , and , therefore , the government of this country couU not do more than remonstrate against such atrocities , but he thought the noble lord opposite ( Lord Falmerston ) might uae an important influence to prevent a recurrence of the dreadful barbarities of the last war . One thing to prevent It was the forbearance manifested by the majority of the

      peaplcof Spain , who were devoted to him whom they be lieved to be their legitimate king , and in obeying his commands had refused to retort upon their persecutors by reprisal . The views of tho Count de Mentemolin wire expressed in a circular issued by him en the 10 th of tbe present month . Tbat circular Instructed his friends in Spain to oppose their enemies only by conciliatory conduct . . He could not ask the noble lord at the bead of foreign affairs . to become a partisan in Spanish politics , but he hoped he would raise his vote in favour of humanity . He wished to ask the noble lord it he had made any remonstrance to the court of Spain on this subject : and if so , whether there would be any objection to lay a copy of the despatch on tbe table ofthe house .

      Lord Paemerston observed that Her Majesty ' s government bad no official knowledge of the proclamation to A'hicli Mr Borthwick referred , and bad , therefore , taken no official measures upon it . , Every gentleman who bad heard it * terms might judge from his own feelings what must be { tbe disapprobation , disgust , and indignation , inspired in the breast of every member of Her Majesty ' s government by so savage and barbarous a proclamation . Tbe contrast between tho humane circular ofthe Count oe Montemolin and the savage proclamation of General Breton was highly favourable to that illustrious prince . General Breton , however , was no longer in office ; ant ) he ( Lord Palmerston ) was not aware that the general ' s successor had adopted his proclamation . So far as the influence of tbe British government , or tlie present government of Spain could go , Mr Borthwick might be assured tbat be would impress it with the necessity of acting upon humane principles . Still , In discussing this

      subject , it was impossible for the house to forget the atrocious Durango decree ; and when Mr Borthwick spoke of tho atroeities perpetrated by the generals ofthe 0 . iii-en , he must be permitted to remind him that equal , if not greater , atrocities were committed on the other gitfe . Having stated the satisfaction which be felt at bearing tbe moderate circular issued by Count de Montemolin , he must not conceal from the house that there were phrases in it , especially relating te arms and battle , fields , which he bad heard with tho deepest regret . Those phrases showed tbat tbe Count intended to make Spain once more the theatre of civil war . He should be sorry if the Count carried that intention into effect ; and he hoped that if any gentlemen in tbat house had influence over the counsels of that illustrious prince , they would exercise it in persuading bim to restrain bis followers from pursuing a course which could not meet with anything like general approbation or sanction iu this country .

      SirDE L . Evans regretted that Mr Borthwick , when numbers of his own fellow-subjects were falling : vic . irn » to Cariist vengeance and asjassination . had not expressed the same indignation which he now expressed at the in . human decree of General Breton . It was too bad to bear fhepMti" * " - > t * i > \\\ ) a i ; i n der to the tbrouo of

      Monday, March 29. House Of Lords.—Iaisa ...

      Spain pluming themselves on their humanity , after tt-ey had murdered one morning in cold Wood forty unarmed and defenceless British prisoners . He ha ! subsequently taken 1 , 000 Cariist soldiers , and 100 drlist officers pri-* oners , aad not one o' them had he put to death . Tiny had , in consequence , addressed a letter to Don Ca rlof , deploring the atrocities which they b-d themselves inflicted , and requesting that such barbarous murders might in future be discontinued . In that letter he found his vindication for the caution with which hehad guarded the lives of his soldiers , and his justification for the ^ frguard which be had thrown around the lives of his prisoners . And yet what had been the return made for this systematic humanity T After Ih had left Span a hundred of his men had been taken prisoners . , and sometimeafternurds they were one and all butchered by the Carltsts in cold blood in tho most cruel and cowardly manner . It was , therefore , a shameless mockery and insult to talk of Cariist humanity . He then vindicated the Queen ' s generals , with whom he had served , against the charge of acting with barbarous humanity .

      Lord J . Manners defended Cariist humanity . The men whom sir D , L . Evans had taktn prisoners were defending their rights , their prince , and their native land from an invasion of armed adventurers , who had no legitimate interest in thvir country , and no rightful participatiou in a quarrel purely Spanish . Mr Borthwick reminded SirD L . Evans that he bad not said a word on the atrocities perpetruted in the first civil war in Spain , much less bad he made any attack on the gallant general ' s own character , fur which he entertained great respect . He assured Lord Pataurston that everything which had fallen from bim that evening would be carefully considered by the Count de Montemolin , and would , he trusted , receive ths same attention from tbe government of Spain .

      Lord Palmfhston , in answer to Sir D . L . Evans , said it was a great abuse of the hospitality which this country afforded to all foreigners , that they should issue proclamations or publications of any kind tending to excite hostilities in a foreign state in alliance with this country . Deaths bi Famine . —Lord G . Bentisck asked if th * Irish Secretary had made any serious or energetic effort to obtain tho comparative number of deaths which have taken place in Ireland this year and the preceding years . The noble lord , to show that such a return might easily be had , read a letter received by bim from the Roman Cnttioliu Archbishop of Tuam , statiug that the Roman Catholic clergy could , without difficulty , furnish tho numes , & a ., of their flock who had died , and thatthesa lists could be certified by the medical officers resident in the several localities . The most reverend writer like , wise stated tbat such returns would show tbat the deaths this year were twtnty to one more than in any preceding year .

      Mr Ladoucueke still persisted in contending that any such returns as could be obtained would be very defective , and would only convey errovwous impressions . He promised to make further inquiries upon the sulject . Lord J . Manners said he had received a letter from a clergyman of the Established Church , who maintained that a correct return ot the deaths of persons belonging to the Established Church could be obtained without difficulty . Ibisb Poor-law . —The house went into committee on the Poor Relief ( Ireland ) Bill . Mr Greoort proposed the addition of a clause , to the effect tbat no person shall bo entitled to relief so long as be shall bold above a quarter of an ncrs of land . Sir G . Grey agreed to this clause , which was opposed by Mr P . Scrope , who divided the committee on it . There

      were—For the clause ... 117 Against it 7 Majority for the clause .., 110 Mr Smith O'Brien moved the addition of a clause for reducing the size of the unions . Lord Q . Bsntixck supported tho chuse , lie first showed that it was a laudable object to bring each pauper within a reasonable distance ofthe workhouse of his district , and to place the-workhouse within a reasonable distance of tbe guardians who had control over them . Ho next sh » wed , by a long array of figures , that government , by increasing the number of workhouses to 400 , would bring each pauper and each guardian within three miles and a half of each workhouse , and would thus ( dice the workhouses under ifficieut control , and save

      to the country a sum of £ 4 , 000 , 000 , nnd upwards . At pr -sent the government had not merely expended a large amount of money mest lavishly , but had also sacrificed a large amount of life most recklessly . I am perfectly certain ( said the noble lord ) that if you had had recourse to this system , we should not have beard of tho thousands , the tens of thousands , or the hundreds of thou , sands—but we cannot learn from the government bow many hundreds of thousands there are , who have perished —( hear , hear . ) It is the only subjectof secrecy with the Irish government —( hear , hoar ) We can learn tho number of bushels of potatoes and the quarters of wheat and of oats that have been lUrowiKH . the coast of Ireland , but there is one point upon which alone the Irish government arc totally ignorant , (" oh ! oh ! " ) totally careless , ( "oh ! oh ! " ) or else are determined to keep

      this country in darkness , and that is the mortality that hns occurred during their maladministration of Irish aff . iirs—( cheers , and counter cheers . ) Tes I they shrank from idling ua —( cheers and cries of " oh ! " } Tliey aro ashamed to tell us —( renewed cheers and cries . ) Tbey ktiow that the people have died by thousands , and I dare them to ask—I dare them to inquire what the numbers ofthe dead have been—dead , through their mismanagement ; dead , cbi > fly through their principles of free trade - —( bursts of laughter . ) Yes , free trado with tho lives , of the Irish people (" oh , ohl" ) , leaving the people to take care of themselves when Providence has swept the food from the face of tbe earth—leaving the people , in a country where there are neither mills , nor stores , nor granaries , to perish—( "No , no ! " from MrLabouchere . ) Ay , the right hon . gentleman may cry " No , no ! " why

      does ho not give us information then ? If he dost not shrink from telling us the truth , why docs he not cive us the information which ho now conceals from us , and then ivos ' ial ! know what the effects of his administration have been ?—( hear , hear ) How was it possible tbat a people suddenly deprived of their f . iod , in a country where no description of food was allowed to cross without an escort , where no food grew amongst them save grass for eattle , and where the only food fit for man was stored in granaries by corn dealvrs who were attempting to feed tbe people with a new species of grain , to which they we . o not accustomed—how could such a people procure corn from their own resources ? It was out of the question . And when the government knew in the month if August that the potato crops , to the value of £ 16 , 000 , 000 ,

      had been swept away from a people who bad no money to purchase other food with—potatoes being the labour coin of the country—how was It possible there sbould have been any other remit than tbat that should happen which bus happened , and tbat there should die such a number of persons as has never before been paralleled in any Christian country 1 —( "hear , hear , " and cries of " oh , oh ! " ) OK jOUgraan , but you will hear of this again . The time will come when we shall know what the amount of the mortality is , and though you gentlemen may groan , and wish to conceal the truth , yet the truth shall and "ill be known— - ( hear , hear , and cries of oh !); the time will come when the public , and the world itself , will be able to estimate at its proper value your manvigement of the affairs ol Ireland—( cheers and counter rlieera . )

      Air Ladodcuese rose amidst loud cheers . He said—I beg to remind the committee that the clause upon which they have to decide , and upon which the speech they have just beard is , I suppose , to be considered a commentary , Is to this effect— " That whereas it oppears that in the formation of electoral divisions pauperism has been so allocated as to cause an unequal pressure of the poor rate , he it enacted that the commissioners shall reconstitute the divisions in such manner as shall proportion the pauperism of each district to the property thereof . " How , I am far too anxious tbat the

      committee should proceed to tbe consideration of the Important bill now before them , to be tempted , even by the extraordinary project which the soblc lord has brought forward as a panacea for alt the evils that afflict Ireland , to enter into any discussion . ( Cheers . ) But the noble lord has thought fit to make an assertion which I owe it to myself , ti > my own character , and to the character and feelings of the Government with whom I act , to make some reference to The noble lordhas said that the government were indifferent to the sufferings of the people of Ireland ; and be has added that we were anxious to conceal the truth from the bouse and the

      country with regard to the effect of our measures . Sir , I shall cottttikt myself with giving to that assertion of the noble lord a contradiction as explicit , as direct , and as complete , as any respect for this house will allow me . ( Loud and protracted cheering from both sides of tbe house . ) I will cot be tempted h y the tone which tho noble lord bas adopted to pursue this discussion , I fee ) too deeply the responsibility which rests upon me as a Minister of the Crown to lose , I trust , my temper in dis . cussing a question of this infinite importance . In the present condition ofthe people of Ireland no provocation shall induce me to do so . ( Cheers . ) But 1 feel that , after having heard such an assertion as that which the noble lord has made , I could not and ought not te have said less to the noble lord than that which I have said . ( Cheers . ) I apologise to the house for having interfered even for a moment with tho business of the committee , when that moment lias been spent in a reply to such a

      speech as that which we have just heard from the nolle lord . ( Great and protracted cheering . ) I trust tbat we fchall now return to the subject more calmly , and I hope that our future discussions with regard to Irish subjects —and 1 must say that , during the present session , those discussions have , for the most part , been conducted oa all sides with an entire absence of party feeling , from all Inflammatory language , and with a careful and cautious desire to abstain from anything that might increase the difficulties of the Government , or produce excitemeat elsewhere , —will be resumed with a due sense of the magnitude of the responsibility that attaches to them , and that the same spirit wh icli has hitherto been shown will be persevered in ( Cheers , ) I can assure the house of this , that if I bare said anything that for a moment might be supposed to Indicvite a different spirit , it bas been wrung from me by the charge that has been mode by the noble lord againv . the Government with which I

      am connected , and which I felt it impossible to sit silently by and hear without expressing my remonstrance against it , ( Loudtheers . ) After this spirited epi . ode , relieving the previous dull

      Nossoril.Ecouiinit.Ee, The Uluusu.Was Nt...

      nossoril . ecouiinit . ee , the uluusu . was ntgaiiveu without n division , together with eight more , moved b y tbw sairia lion , member . L » rd 0 . Bentinck moved the addition of a clause pro . hibiting , for the future , from 1819 , the occupying tenant from deducting any part of the poor-rates now payable by him from his lessor . Tho object of the clause was to assimilate the law in Ir . lanil to the law in Eit |; lund , and to bring about an equitable arrangement between occupying tenants and their lessors , the i fiVct of which change in the existing sjstim would ho to give the occupying tenant the double inducement of keeping r ? o « u the rate , and togivemoro profitable employment to tlie people . The noble lord also movt-d the addition of n clause to raise the class subject to the rates to the occupiers of £ 5 , the effect of width would be to reduce the number of small ratepayers , from whom it would bv dilliculi t » ob . tain tbe rates , andto diminish theiuducemt-nts for letting small farms .

      Sir G . Obey did not think it would be expedient to introduce thefirstclauseinto the present Bill . The right hon . baronet also opposed Vac second clause , Mr Shaw and Sit- W . Jolliffe supported the clause , but it was strongly opposrd by Captain Harris , Mr M ' . 'TVinell , Mr P . Scrope , and Mr S . Crawford . Their opposition was based on these grounds , —that the tenantry did not call for this clause , — that it would be a dangerous and destructive experiment , —that it would screen the landlords from all contribution to the rates , and that it whs so outrageous in its nature that it could only have been proposed in a bouse of landlords , aud would hare been scouted at or . ee in a bouse of occupying tenants . The committee divided-Fur the clause ... ... ... . „ ... TG Againstit 79 Majority against the clause 3

      Af . er further amendments and discussion , the hill finally passed through committee . Tbe bouse resumed , tbe report was ordered to be brought up on Wednesday , and the third reading , was fixed for Friday , the 16 th of April . The othtr orders of the day were disposed of , and the house adjourned at a quarter-past two o ' clock . TUESDAY , March 80 . HOUSE OF LORDS . —The Royal Assent was given , by commission , to the Drainage of Land Bill , and torao private bills . On the motion of Lord Colviiie , a return was ordered of the Minutes of Proceedings , and a list of Peers who voted at the last election of Representative Peers of Scotland . Lord MonteAoli gave notice that it was bis intention to submit a motion , after Easter , on the subject oE emigration .

      On the motion ofEarl Grei , their lordships adjourned for the Easter recess to Thursday , tbe lflih . ot April , then to meet in the New Palace , Westminster . HOUSE OF COMMONS . —Suppression o * T * awso int Sedbc-iion and Prostitution . —Mr Spooner , in pur . suanceof ihe notice hehad given , proceeded to move for leave to bring in a hill for the more effectual suppression of trading in seduction and prostitution , and for tbe better protection of females . He assured the bouse that he de . ply felt the difficulties with which the sub .

      ject was surrounded , and his own inability to do justice to it . He could . have wished to have left it in abler hands—in tho hands of those who could have brought to its aid the weight ofinfluence and authority , He might perhaps be asked why , if these were his real opinions , he had ventured to bring the matter under the consider . ation of the house 1 He felt that he bad lor such a question a complete answer . There existed in the metropolis an association which counted amongst its mem . bers , its council , and its vice-presidents and presidents , some ofthe highest and noblest in the land

      Mr C . Berkeley rose amidst roars ot laughter , and having twice essayed to address the Speaker , each effort eccasi » ning fresh bursts of merriment , he was at length heard to say—Mr Speaker , I rise to order . The details which the honourable member is about to enter into in his speech , upon this subject , must , of necessity , be so unfit for publication , that I must beg to callyour ' attention to the fact that there are strangers in both the galleries [ renewedlaughter ] . Strangers were in consequence ordered to withdraw amid the roais of the house , their own titters , and the visible disappointment of Mr Spooncr . The debate proceeded for about an hour with closed doors . Lsavo was given to bring in the bill , which was brought in and read a first time .

      Health of Towns . —When the gallery was re-opened , Lord Morpeth moved for leave to bring in a bill for the improvement ofthe health of towns . After stating the rates of mortality in town and country districts , and showing that the former greatly exceeded the latter , he attributed the cause of that greater mortality to tho crowded lodgings , the dirty duellings , and the wont of personal cleanliness of the inhabitants of towns , aggravated as those evils were by insufficient sewerage , open ditches , bad paving , defective cleansing , and an inadequate supply of water . Having travelled at great length into tbe pruof of these existing evils , ho proceeded to describe the main features of the measure , which was in . tended to remove some -of them entirely , and to mitigate those which could not be removed . Having stated that

      the onerous duties already pressing on tbe Home Secretary and the Committee of the Privy Council prevented him from acceding to that clause of Lord Lincoln ' s bill , which placed in thera the superintendence ofthe sanatory condition of our towns , he showed that the business in hand was important enough an . 1 copious enough to justify the construction of a special board for the purpose , to be framed on tbe same footing as the railway board of last session , and to consist of five members , three of whom would be paid for their services , and two not , those two being both members of tho government , and one of them being ibo occupier of tbe office which lie then i : ?!? the honour to fill . This board , which would be . entitled the Board of Health and Public Werks , would be empowered to institute inquiries iuto the sanatory condition of towns

      and districts . It would also bavo power to appoint inspecters to go into different districts , and to define what would be the proper area for any works to be carried on under their superintendence . If there should be a necessity for it , the Board of Health would also be authorized to confer the necessary powers on the local administration of the different districts . The question then arose , what ought those powers and what ought that local administration to he . One naturally referred to tbe duties per . formed by the Commissioners of Sewers under the act of Henry the VHlth . But as the powers exercised by those commissioners did not sufficiently provide for the formation of bouse drains in connexion with the main sewers , and did not at all provide for uu adequate supply of water to the districts over which tbey exercised their authority ,

      and as it was necessary that the various powers of sewerage , drainage , cleansing , and paving streets , aud supplying water , should be under the same direction , he proposed to give all these powers to a body appointed on the spot to carry out these various functions . What , then , was this local body to be . Lord Lincoln ' s bill provided for a now electoral body , and was taktn up with the divisions of districts and wards and the manner of votingin a word , with a complete electoral system . Her Majesty ' s government was of opinion that we hud already a sufficient number of elections , and that what with elections of Poor Law guardians and of municipal councils it was not necessary to provide for the election of another body analogous to the town council . He bad therefore no hesitation in recommending the town council for tho

      administration of tbe powers which bo now proposed to confide to them . He proposed , also , to annex the bits of suburbs , the offshoots of land in the vicinities of largo towns , to tho wards of those towns , aud to increase , tbe number of those wards whenever the increaso of the population sbould call for such a provision . Having thus described what be intended to do ia thoie towns , where municipal corporations existed , he proceeded to explain the provisions of his bill with respect to those towns in which there were no such corporations , and in which , nevertheless , tbe want of drainage was very severely felt . He sbould leave such towns to apply or not for a charter ef incorporation ; but in case they preferred to remain unincorporated he proposed tbat tbe commissioners should be elected by the

      ratepayers , and that the Crown , on the recommendation ofthe Central Board of Health , should nominate a certain number of additional commissioners , not exceeding ; one-third of those chosen by popular election . He did not propose to extend this hill to Scotland aud Ireland , for be thought tbat each of the three countries should , be dealt with separately ; but be did intend to include the city of London within its provisions . All the pro . visions , which applied to other incorporated districts , ought , in his opinion , to apply to tbe city of London . The sewerage of London was under various commissioners , of which some were the subject of great blame , and others of general commendation . All tht existing Commissioners of Sewers would he superseded b y an Order of Council . Tho ratepayers would be empowered

      to choose their representatives for sanatory purposes , and the Crown would add to them other commissioners , not exceeding one-third of their whole number . He had new mentioned the extent to which he intended to provide for the sewerage , drainage , and paving and cleans . ing of towns . He believed that it would be found egsen . tial to tho successful working of tbis scheme , that , as soon as tbe act came into operation , and as soon as the new council came into existence , all conflicting jurisdictions should cease . He therefore proposed that the Crown , ty an Order in Council , should have power to ex . tingulsh all local bodies which exercised tbe same powers with those which he now created , in each locality . Provisions would also be introduced into the bill for securing payment of the debts incurred and tbe contracts made by the existing boards , and for giving compensation to

      their existing officers . By an act of tbis kiud there must he a great sweep made of loenl trustees and of local officers ; but the Government having settled on its plan must be prepared to insist on unity of action . An inspector would be appointed to institute preliminary inquirieinto tho condition of our towns . When ths , local council was constituted be would visit tho town , see what works were wanted , and make his report to tho central board . This fttcer would generally be an engineer of seme eminence . There would also be a medical inspector to examine into the sanatory condition of ths towns placed under tho control of the central bgard ; but be would not be connected with the towns , " as it was thought better that he sbould be independep ' , f all local connections . The local council wuul ^ m 8 o bs em-[ powered to appoint a surveyor , who would sujerintend

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), April 3, 1847, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_03041847/page/7/