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Northern Star (1837-1852), 1st March 1845, Edition 2 of 4, Page 1, Delegate Meetino.—The next general deleg...

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      To The Working Classes.

      TO THE WORKING CLASSES .

      Mr Deab Fbiextw,—Circumstances Combine J...

      Mr Deab Fbiextw , —Circumstances combine just -wto induce me to return to the considera-4 j « a of a subject from which I was driven by . ^ gjanee , assumption , and over zeal : I mean t he subject of the Land . "A rua day ' s wage j « > Tim day ' s work" has been tke prize for » he attainment of which others mooted , and I revived , the question of self-representation . "When hnost ererj scribbler who can hold a pen , but who jjald not make a livelihood with any serviceable tool , jjjjces abuse of me his daily work , I think I may be to of have

      ^ aftted speak myself . I rewrea , advoa ^ and pushed the democratic principle with - ^ severance and success . I hare succeeded in -reauog I , arty oaPable of withstanding aU the Maimers ° f alonS ***& continuous calm—the greatest ^ eis that can threaten a politician . There jj ffi ile trouble in navigating a vessel going 1 ^ ^ a biseeze in the open sea ; but there 1 great afflriefy about her management when be-,-lJujd amidst shoals and rocks . We hare been for -. nearly three years in the latter position . The rtned interests of class , and the torturous application j { he law being so many obstacles in our course , while tic calm created by temporary " prosperity "

      las left us scarcely a breath to fill our canvas . Nojj ^ g thit had not taken deep root in the minds of the majority of the people could have withstood the -Jveise circumstances to which the democratic prinpp iehas been subjected . The object sought to be attained from the accomplishment of democratic prinrjjes is " « M ^ ^ VM 9 f a / Hr &* $ * w ork .- " M object which never , nerer , never can be achieved , KK pt trough theapplication of the artificial " surplus " of labour to the cultivation of the soil . I defy jnv man on earth to point out to me any possible jn ^ ans of correcting the evils of " surplus" labour , jr tn iaih theGhartcr , otherwise than by its applica-« to the land .

      I mD now tell you why I am imboldoncd to resume ihe subject just now . Firstly , then , I have been waiting for ana * to come up to me . I long laboured to jnalce the LaSD question familiar to you , even when jic icnorance of many threatened great damage to v popularity . I ceased for a season to mention the sabicct , Jest the political fervour of a party , upon ^ iose advocacy I relied for the accomplishment of ia y object , should grow too strong in foolish

      resistance to justify the hope of success . I left yon to yourselves to think ; and the result has been , that app lication on application is pouring into me day after day , from almost every section of labourers , ex--ngang an anxious desire to co-operate with me , and jjnoassi themselves , upon this subject . Numerous associa tions have been already formed , and many more arc in process of formation ; and those from riioin 1 have received deputations appear to have awprcd a src deal of bro * ledge 0 Q the subject .

      Secondly , the report of the Irish Land Commission , under Lord Itevon ; has so completely opened up the jfoole qacsSonas to make the present time the most Jains for its consideration . You will find as extensive a compendium of that report as can be given in lwceklypapcrin this week ' s Star ; and I invite all who have read my letters to the Irish Landlords in 1311 who have read my several letters upon the state of Ireland in the Star , and that portion of my m > rk upon Smjox Farms which treats of the tenure of laad in Ireland , to say whether I was not four years before the Devon Commission in making my report . Tet at that time I was laughed at : but now those

      tUo follow me are considered wise men . There is oat one single grievance set forth in the report of the Devon Commission that I have notpreviously written an . In 183-5 I proposed to Parliament the only remedies by which the evils of Ireland can be met , and to which at least the Legislature must come . Thirdly , the question of agriculture is now assuming aa importance , which , but for Sir Robert Peel's Tariff ; would not have been assigned to it for many vtars . 3 shaflset forth the reasons why , as Englishoea , the Devon report is of considerable importance tsvou as labouring men ; and I think I shall be

      enabled to shew you that the upholding of Irish abases , is necessary tothe " maintenance of property " in that country , which , mark ! in the astounding and nsolent wordsof the commissioners causes alosstothe English working dassesgenerally , of more than thirty millions per annum . ' Jh feet , Ireland , from her bad agnroltraai system , and from the tyranny of her Molds , is the nursery for that surplus of labour against which you ssek in vain to defend yourselves . Kowkeep all those things in your mind , and don't allow yourselves to be led away by the fascinating narrridoni of "first principles , " a martyrdom to ^ duchmany fools have consigned themselves .

      Mr . O'Brien may be considered the " grouper oftais blind section of regenerators : and their philossphy is so very peculiar and characteristic , that I cinnot resist one short observation upon it . They say that it is horrible , damnable , anti-democratic , and unpatriotic to ask the people to PURCHASE vfatof right is their own . Now tills is a very high principle , to presume that men have a good title to God ' s gilts ; and if we found the means of re-assumption eorrespouding with so noble a desire , we might

      set this section of politicians down as good , substantial , honest madmen : but , when we find this said Mr . O'Brien rccemmendmg paper mosey as the coirectivc of all your evils ( touching which said riPEBSKWEY we have no divine authority ); and when * e hnow that Mr . O'Brien has denounced this Tery $ stem of tu & er Mwrer through the whole of along political life , until jurt nmc that he has had a paper tstablished to preach up taper moset as preferable to all other boons , then I must say , that the madness loses that honestv which else would give it favour in

      my eyes . Now , from such men it is that I have received the taostviralentand incessant opposition ; men who know just as much about the capabilities of the land as my bullfinch knows about the moon ' s age . Lord Devon ' s report informs yon that a majority of the Irish peasants arc in a worse condition than the people of any other country upon earth : and you will gather from the report that this condition is imposed upon them by the necessity to "maintain property" in that

      eonntiy . Potatoes to cat , and water for a beverage ; and a blanket , a luxury almost unknown to them ! How that is what the report says ; and take that admission in connection with the fact that the Irish peasantry , above all other people upon the face of the earth , love their homes , their country , and their families ; and that they are to be found swarming here ready to perform any , the hardest , description of labour at any rate of wage that employers think proper to offer them !

      Sir James Graham has told you that one in every ten of the working classes in this country is a pauper , receiving parish relief . Of course , this calculation includes Irishmen . And let as suppose that there are 500 , 000 Irish inEngland earning ten shillings a week each , — there arc a great many more . Their wages would amount to £ 13 , 000 , 000 a year ; while their labour being ia the market , and regulating the rate of wage , even according to the Messrs . Chambers ' ad jaission , must reduce the English standard to that Price for which they are willing to work rather than live upon potatoes and water . Independently of the £ 13 , 000 , 000 a year paid to the Irish labourers , they

      « use a reduction in the rate of English wages to an amount of more than £ 30 , 000 , 090 per annom : that *» . i contend that the tyranny of the Irish , landlords , a P « the consequent poverty of the Irish people , is a Positive lea of more than £ 43 , 000 , 000 per annum to ? he working classes of England . Now , there is the * J > ofe question presented to you in its most large and jpwnave view—the whole social question : while we * ad ite political bearing in the announcement in the *** ° rt , that " of late years the landlords are averse » maki ng leases of their land , or to granting any ^ Mtte beyond that which is dependant on their «* nwill » r

      a * 6 report does not assign a reason for this ; but I It « be cause the population is Catholic , and c usurps Protestant : and the usurpers will not | T" « ase lest it should confer a vote . They , Ik ore knock small farms into huge ones , that - y ^ y limit the franchise as much , as possible ; *«** they may by these means insure the subttav P" ° f one havms M lar S e a 8 take ttat ^ T 0 te « . relie < l on . Tifhen I atfemnted to collect the

      iitiSFf ** ontW 3 subject into something like moused order , ike men whospokeof a " a fair Wrh jV " /«»¦ < % ' * «*»* , " but who did not cow to accomplish the object , said that I was DJUn S the Charter , or making it a secondary

      Mr Deab Fbiextw,—Circumstances Combine J...

      consideration : now I tell yon , as I have often told you before , that I never expect to see the principle fully carried out until the Charter becomes the law of the land ; but I did , and do hope , to see it so extensively acted on as to convince the working classes that it is the means of obtaining a fair day ' s wage for a fair day ' s ivori . So fully convinced am I of this fact , that I am resolved on trying the experiment myself , but not for my own advantage : and I shall shortly promulgate a plan by which , in less than twelve-months , I propose to locate one hundred men and their families , in the first home colony . I do not mean in community ; but /• AncrHjMwfinn - nA « . T J- ~ . 11 -. _ T ! _/ i __ j 1 1

      as individual possessors and willing co-operators , because they will see an interest in co-operation . The iwlitiealtett I mean to apply to membership , is , that each shall Iks a paying member to the National Charter Association . I have taken much trouble in the concoction of my plan , and think I have made it so simple that even the " first princi 2 > le" men cannot object to it I believe that the Chartist mind of this country has now arrived at the reasoning point , and that it must have something " practical" to live on . The two most important questions in my mind are , the one of a political , the other of a social character . The one the return of Chartist members to aid Mr . Buncombe in the Ilouse of Commons : and the other

      the application of labour to the land , in order , by example , to inspirit the working classes generally to a tremendous struggle , through their representatives in Parliament , for the acquisition of land -whereon to expend their labour . * When I had written thus far , I was honoured , pleased , and delighted , with a letter from our friejid and talented advocate , James Moir , of Glasgow , with a remittance of ten shillings for the Executive . With every word of his letter I entirely agree . Mr . Moir , in adverting to the superhuman exertions of Mr . Duncombe , argues the great necessity of

      strengthening his hands , and recommends the establishment of election clubs in each locality ; and also that the funds shall be left to the disposal of the locality . With this proposition I entirely agree . Ono of my great sins has been the attempt to limit the local funds to local purposes ; and in no case could this principle be more justly applied than for electioneering purposes , where all the material facts are known and understood . When we bear in mind that an election must take place next year , it does in truth behove us to be up and doing ; and , as we shall have the co-operation of Mr . Duncombe on this subject , I cannot entertain a single doubt of success .

      In the commencement of this letter I glanced at the adverse circumstances by which our cause was surrounded , while I may . further be permitted to direct attention to popular apathy as the greatest of all our enemies . I believe , and am pleased in believing , that there is more real Chartism ia the country now than ever there was before , yet I feel conscious that the conduct of the working classes is pre-eminently calculated to overthrow and destroy the principle of Chartism , if it were not too powerful to be overcome . I ask you to look at the weekly subscriptions for the support of men , who , any one of them , as itinerating lecturers , would receive double the amount of wage that you have

      promised , but not paid them . Now I contend that there never were associated in any cause , four more noble—four better , more able , more virtuous , more persevering , efficient , zealous , and honest men than Philip M'Grath , Christopher Doyle , Thomas Clark , and Martin Wheeler ; and those who see 18 s . or £ 15 s . per week coming in , to pay them £ 610 s ., must naturally feel a contempt for Chartists ; but , thank God , Chartism Itself is above reach , or otherwise apathy would destroy It . Look to Ireland , and see the thousands that pour in there to support " poor gentlemen , " while you rely on one " poor gentleman" to sustain your wholecause , andpayyour appointed , servants their wages . I tell you that it is positively dishonest , and must be remedied . I am , your faithful friend and servant , Feasgus O'Consor .

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      ' .... ; .. . _ .. v * " ; " ; " \ f / , i : ~ 7 'ft SiTT 510 VI HUT Hfi Jlirt ^^ Wkm AND NATIONAL TRADES' JOURNAL

      So S Consideration Tell Have Often Tol. ...

      TOL . VIII . SO . 381 . LOMDOB , SATOBMf , 1 TOCH fua —giUBBS — I ^ ¦¦ ¦¦ ^ ^ m ^ f ^ mm ^ ma ^ I

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      France. . The Seckei Service Bin,.—Fabis...

      FRANCE . . The Seckei Service Bin ,. —Fabis , Friday , Half-past Eight , p . m . —The adjourned discussion upon the Secret Service Bill commenced to-day by a speech from M . Jolly against the bill . He was replied to by M . Liadieres , who was interrupted by hi . Thiers , in a most extraoidinary manner , the latter exclaiming that it was the King who was the first to set the example of singing the "Marseillaise . M . Boudet then proposed that the sum demanded be reduced by 25 , 000 francs . The Count d'Haussonviile combated the amendment , whieh was supported by M . Billault , in a violent speech , who was met by M . Guizot , to whom O'Dilon Barrot replied . At seven O'clock the close of the debate upon the amendment was called for , when the nominal appeal was made , when there

      appeared—For the amendment 205 Against it „ . „ .... 229 Majority for Ministers - —24 The Chamber then proceeded to vote upon the original proposition for a million of francs ; when there appeared—Por 217 Against 41 Majority for Ministers 17 G f 1 The Opposition left after the vote on the amendment , as they did when beaten on the address . The Chamber rose at eight o ' clock

      SPAIN . Cinmcn Phofebty . —Madrid papers of the ! 7 th announce that the finance Minister had presented the project of law for the l ^ storation of the unsold church property , when the President of the Council , in icply to a question from M . Carrasco , declared most solemnly that the bill did not contemplate to affect any property already sold , nor would such property ever be menaced . The bill , after alongpreamble contains but one clause in the following words : — "The property of the regular clergy remaining for sale , and of which the sale had been suspended by royal ordonnancc of the 27 th July , 1844 , shall return to the said clergy . " The President of the Council tosk that opportunity to say , that the Government was aware of the intrigues of foreign parties—that it had its eye upon them , and that the sword of the law would fall on the heads of any attempting sedition .

      Espabterisi Coxspihact . —Letters from Bayonne of the 19 th inst . announce that a conspiracy for the restoration of Espartero and the Constitution of 1837 had been discovered at Vittoria , and that a number of sub-officers of the garrison and inhabitants of the town had been arrested . Carubi CoxariRAcr . —The Madrid journals of the 19 th inst . mention that a Carlist conspiracy had been discovered at Burgos .

      PORTUGAL Xisbox , F * . 18 . —The queen Va . s taKcn With tllC painS Ol labour at three p . m . yesterday , and at halfpast ten last night gave birth to a Princess . Both mother and child are doing very well .

      SWITZERLAND . Tue Aim-Jbsbii Excitbmext . —We perceive by the Swiss journals that the occurrences at Lusanne have induced the different cantons of Switzerland to take measures for insuring their internal tranquillity . The Grand Council of the Valais has called out the landstunn , and voted a credit of 200 , 000 francs . The sentiments of the deputies of this canton are in conformity with those of the deputies of Lucerne . At Zurich the Vorort has embodied two battalions of infantry , a squadron of cavalry , a company of carabineers , and a company of artillery . The cantons of St . Gall , Thurgau , and SchafFhausen have been l ^ commended to call out their contingents . These

      troops are assembled by the Vorort to protect the Diet . At the same time the Vorort has delegated M . Zehnder and M . Sulzer to Aran and Berne , to watch the movements of the free corps . The deputies of Claris have received instructions to demand the expulsion of the Jesuits , as well as those of Tessin . Bale Town has voted in an opposite sense . A report was spread at Beme that disturbances had broken out at Bale on the 17 th , but this rumour has not been confirmed . Friburg has voted that the afiair of the Jesuits is purely cantonal , and not within the jurisdiction of the Diet . This canton has not acceded to the invitation made to Lucerne to send away the Jesuits . In our Swiss journals appears the following : — "The Sardinian Envoy Count De Castiglione has protested against the revolution that took place in

      France. . The Seckei Service Bin,.—Fabis...

      the canton of Vaud , and has quitted Lausanne . An extraordinary council of war held at Lucerne , lias decreed the organisation of two new battalions of landwehr and the formation of five batteries of artillery , to protect the Government from external attacks , their present fear seems to be increased by fc ? Z v rp ' Nme c rt » andtAvo demi-cantoni , ha ^ cdwlared . igauistthe Jesuits in a . sense more or less hostile ; to wit , Zurich , Berne , Soleure , Glaris , Argom Schafflmusen , _ Tessin , Thurgovia Vaud and Appenzefl , exterior with Bale Champagne . It requires but that the deputies of three more cantons should be instructed to vote at the extraordinary Diet . v _ __

      against the Jesuits to cause that their expulsion be decreed . T 5 v — iss Correspondent of the Bebau mentions , in addition to the announcement that an extraordfc nary envoy from Austria would assist at the Extra-% ^ J £ iet » tha * Prussia had appointed the Count N UilChlOttum , ambassador extraordinary to Switzerland , while Bavaria has resolved upon raising her envoy to the distinction of ambassador . The correspondent of the Constitutionnd states that the Papal Auncio had expressed to the French ambassador the desire of the Pope to see France undertake an armed intervention in Switzerland , in conjunction with other great Powers .

      Swiss papers of the 18 th , state that afc Lucerne the spring of the present disorders , a Jesuist church had been transformed into an arsenal by order of the Government , and divine service suspended . New arrests had taken place , and a battalion ordered upon Sursee . The Grand Council of Valais had agreed to take part with Lucerne . Geneva was perfectly tranquil , the militia keeping watch . The Government was prepared to act in support of the Confederation . The Grand Council of St . Gall had

      instructed the deputies to vote at the Extraordinary Diet that Lucerne should be requested to revoke its decree for the recall of the Jesuits—that the free corps should be suppressed , and an amnesty accorded . The Gazette d" Augsbourg notices some rumours of contemplated disturbances in Italy , of which Gibraltar will be the focus . The same journal states that M . Guizot had given instructions to the French Ambassador in Switzerland to pursue a conciliatory course , and that similar instructions had issued from Vienna and Berlin .

      MOROCCO . Letters from Madrid announce that the differences between Sweden and Denmark with Morocco have been arranged , under the joint mediation of France and England . The emperor has renounced the claim of tribute . The Danish and Swedish Consuls returned on the 14 th to Tangiers .

      UNITED STATES . The Oregon , Question . —Prospects op War . — Liverpool , Moxiur Mobnixg . —Uy the arrival of the packet ship Cambridge we have New York papers one day later than by the Cambria steamer . There had been further discussion in the American House of Representatives on the subject of the Oregon territory question , but there is not the least interest in the rigmarole speeches made on the subject . It was daily expected that the President would communicate a message to Congress with reference to the Oregon matter . Private persons are of opinion that the House of Representatives will pass the Occupation Bill , and that it will be left to Jtlie Senate to reject it . The Washington correspondent of the New York

      Courier writes : — " Those who are not here in Washington can have but a faint idea of the war spirit that pervades the majority of the House of Representatives : for it is exhibited more in conversation than in those debates which go before the" public . It is not confined to the young and to the Hotspurs of the west , but pervades the south , and has possession of grey-lieadcd democrats of , what should be , the peaceloving state of Pennsylvania . They are mad at the British lion , and of a desire for more territorythere is good land in Texas and Oregon , say they , and we must _ immediately possess it—there are rich mines and fertile fields in Mexico , and they too must be brought within our dominion—and , warming with the subject , their appetite growing by what it feeds on ,

      they exclaim , ' This whole continent must be ours ; our destiny is to carry our laws and our institutions throughout its whole extent . '" N The Editors of . the Courier say— " We seem to be in imminent hazard of an immediate rupture with Great Britain . Congress manifests a disposition to take summary possession of the disputed territory known as Oregon , and maintain it b y force of arms . Great Britain , all concede , wul not relinquish her pretended title to it without a struggle . This country has awaited , with great impatience , the result ot pending negotiations , and since it is understood that these negotiations are likel y to issue in no adjustment of the question , the disposition to seize and keep the territory has acquired fresh strength and restlessness . "

      The Moralitv of Siavery . —Iho New Orleans papers publish the following . remarkable trial ; and the still more remarkable sentence " passed upon the offender ' . —Pauline , a slave belonging to Peter Reppeneck , was tried at New Orleans on the 21 st , on charge of having struck her mistress so as to cause the shedding of blood . It was proved that about six weeks Before , Mr . Reppeneck went to St . Louis , leaving his wife , whom he represented to the neighbom's as being crazy , and children , with 200 dols . in money , in charge of Pauline , who it was proved was his paramour . Immediately after his departure the slave took possession of her mistress ' s rooms , and removed Mrs . Reppeneckand her . three young children to a back cabin . Mrs . Reppeneck testified that Pauline frequently came and beat her severely with a leather thong and her fist , and that her knowledge of her husband ' s intercourse with the slave had frequently led him to strike her . Her testimony was

      corroborated by that of Dinah , another slave , who had witnessed the brutal treatment of Mrs . Reppeneck and her children on several occasions , and who finally informed a gentleman of it , through whose interference it came to the knowledge of the police . The testimony was so direct and undoubted , that Pauline was convicted and sentenced to be hung on the 21 st of February , though the sentence was postponed until the 28 th of March , 1846 , in consequence of the fact thatshe is now pregnant . [ B : there is to be hanging , why not hang the ruffianly slaveowner . —En . N . S . ] Later Intelligence . —Liverpool , Wednesday . — The Patrick Henry arrived this day . The news brought by her is important . The Oregon Territory Bill has been carried m the House of Representatives , at Washington . The committee on foreign relations in the Senate have reported a resolution recommending that the joint resolution , carried a few days previously in the House of Representatives , for the annexation of Texas , be rejected .

      I ^ DIA AND CHINA . Bioonr Revolution at Lahore . —The Overland Mail brings dates from Calcutta of the 8 th January , Lahore of the 23 rd December , and China of November 26 th . The news received by this conveyance is of considerable interest , it records revolutionary movements at Lahore and Nepaul . The capital of the Punjaub , as indeed might nave been expected , has again become a scene of confusion and bloodshed . A revolution broke out there on the 21 st November , the object of which appears to have been to get rid of the Jumboo Rajahs . It is said to have originated in the intrigues of the mother of Dhuleep Singh , the young Maharajah . The struggle whOst it lasted was a fierce one . Hecva Singh , finding that the i ' troops on which he could rely would not enable him to resist the movement , fled towards the

      British frontier , but was overtaken , together with Jellah Pundit , Mean Lab Singh , and several other of his followers , and slain . The heads of Heera Singh , the State Treasurer Pundit Jellah , and Mean Lab Singh , were brought to Lahore ; and after having been earned about in procession by the Sikhs , were suspended from one of the gates of the city for general inspection . They were subsequently exhibited before the house of Kurruck Singn , then occupied by the Sirdar Jewahir Singh , and destined to have been the scene ofhis own death could the Rajah have compassed his intentions . T . he result of the insurrection was the elevation once more of Dhuleep Singh to the throne . Jowahir Singh , his uncle , had been placed at the head of the Government , but there appeared to be but a slender chance that these arrangements would be permanent .

      Former Particulars . —The following , from the Delhi Gazette , is dated Lahore , Dec . 23 rd : —It is nowcertain the heads of Jclla Pundit and of Heera Singh were brought in the evening before last . That of Mean Solum Singh was only brought in yesterday by a Nailing , who was instantly rewarded by the gift of a jagheer of 500 rs . These three heads were yesterday carried about in a great procession by the Sikhs , and were then suspended forgeneralinspection , first before the Lahore-gate , and subsequently before the house of Kurruck Singh , and a great fair washcld yesterday , and will be continued to-day . The reason for the

      heads bemg exhibited before the house of Kurruck Singh is , that it is now occupied by Sirdar Juwahir Singh , and was to have been the scene of his own death had the Rajah been able to compass the event . The bodies of Rajah Heera Singh and Pundit Jella were left on the ground where they fell , and guards placed to prevent their being burnt . The bodies oi Meean Lab Singh and Nicke DewanDewanund ( son of Delbagra ' s ) were brought into Lahore . This made up the five heads reported formerly , with the exception that the heads of the two last were allowed to remain hanging to the bodies , and that of Sohun

      France. . The Seckei Service Bin,.—Fabis...

      Singh , though hot actually , received , was hourly expected . The body of Meean Lab Singh has , I am told , been sent off to the place where Gooro Bliac Bhcer Singh was killed at his instigation , to bo exhibited there in the same manner as that of a high way robber and murderer . The body of the junior Moonshce Dewanund was burnt yesterday , and with it a young and handsome wife , fourteen years of age , was sacri-11 j He himself was Olllv eighteen years of age , and distinguished himself in a signal manner when defending himself and his master for their j xi . inany P ° innocent women will be put J ° d ? a * h with the garments of the unfortunates who teU in the battle , as a terrible offering at the shrine olthe abominable practice of Suttee ! as it is still all

      powerful in the hills , though here , thank God ! these horrible sacrifices are becoming much less frequent . . It is reported to me , on credible authority , that Meean Lab Singh , seeing the turn affairs were taking in the battle , attempted to fly from the scene , but was instantly pursued . Seeing no alternative , he took off his golden armlets , and threw them to his pursuers , ? raying for his life ; but nothing would stop them , lethen threw down his sword and shield , and begged for mercy . Ho was told that this was no time for j mercy . On which he gathered courage and defied tlietti , so . as to be put quicker to death , praying , ¦ however , that they would have pity on his remains , and have them decently burnt . This happened a koss beyond the spot where Rajah Heera Singh fell . The Pundit Mia and the Dewan had got two koss further , not far from the Jemadar ' s second Baoleeto the

      , small village of Kavanvala , when they were overtaken . On seeingthem approach , the inhabitants of the village ran off , on which the fugitives entered one of the houses . This . was marked bvthc pursuers and instantllyscton fire , on which the Pundit and his companion came out . In their anxiety to possess themselves of the golden ornaments on the person of the Pundit and the Dewan , the Sikhs who were of the band cut off the ears of the former and the hands olthe latter , and then cut them to pieces . The Dewan ' s young wife was also plundered of her ornaments by the attendant Sikhs , as she was being led out to be sacrificed on the pile other husband ' s body . Who can say after this that any of Rajah Heera Singh ' s party were allowed to escape ! The Sikhs would make mincemeat of all they could have caught .

      The Nepaul Revolution . —The revolution in Nepaul , although of a less sanguinary character , ha * s led to the deposition of the Rajah , and the elevation of Ids son , a youth of eighteen years of age , in his place , It appearsthat the father had undertaken to abdicate in lavour of his son , but having exhibh . ; d some reluctance so to do , was compelledDy iw ^ 4 .. redeem his word . It is not presr " * " that this entente will call for any interposition on the part of the British authorities ; for an arrangement . appears to have been entered into , that whilst the son is the d * facto King of Nepaul , so far as his own subjects are concerned , the father will still be styled King , and will be alone recognised as such by the British Government . Sir Henry Hardinge continued to reside at Calcutta , but had not been called upon as yet for any active military measures .

      The News from China is of some importance , but does not extend beyond the 26 th of November . The Emperor still lived , but no hope was entertained of his ultimate recovery . The dispute between the Governor of Hong-Kong and the ^ residents had been adjusted by concessions on both sides ,

      ADEN . Threatened Attack op the Arabs . —Aden , Jan . 10 th . ~ We are threatened by an attack from the Arabs , amounting to upwards of 15 , 000 aimed men , headed by the Sheriffe of Mocha ( who has repeatedly attempted to alarm the good folks out of Aden ) . They are , wo are told , taking a circuitous route , and arc now supposed to be some forty or fifty miles off . The heights are all manned extra , as also the Turish wall ; and this morning , in sonjalargc packages , containing supplies , which are brought in daily from the interior , were found , carefully concealed , an assortment of fire-arms , evidently intended for the

      confederates here . The camelmen bringing thern have been arrested , and a guard of forty men sent to the Turkjah wall to escort them into camp . Should we be attacked , we have large odds to contend against , as we have only 1500 fighting men , the major part native troops ( Indians ) . From what I saw of Aden last month , I should say , from its natural position , 1500 disciplined men , well stationed on the heights and Turkish wall , would be more than a match for 30 , 000 Arabs , if they came in that number to attack them . If the attack takes place , which I very much doubt , the Arabs will learn a lesson which they , will never forget , or I am greatly mistaken . The native troops now serving at Aden are a very soldier-like set of fellows .

      MONTE VIDEO . Liverpool , Monday Nicht . —It is stated here , on the authority of a letter from Buenos Ayres , of the 14 th December , that news had reached there from Montevideo , giving intelligence that Riviera , in person , had defeated the first division of Oribe ' s cavalry , under the immediate command of Urquiza , and that an early movement of the Corrientes party was looked for asa probable result .

      MEXICO . Hiohlt Important from Vera Cruz . — The New York papers of the 8 th ult ., brought by the Patrick Henry , publish the following important intelligence : — By the brig R . de Zaldo , Kingsbury , which left Vera Cruz on the I 4 th of January , we learn that General Santa Anna , with his troops , had put himself at the disposal of the new Government ; and that , such being the fact , they considered the revolufion to be at an end . General Santa Anna , it appears , after having made five different attacks on the city of Puebla , and being repulsed on each attack , with some considerable loss , was obliged to decamp with all his troops , some 4 , 000 men . Various reports are afloat as to what were the views of Santa Anna . He

      certainly was repulsed in five attacks on Puebla , and he retreated towards Vera Cruz with ' an intention to attack that place ; but others contend that his object was togetonboarda British frigate at Sacraficios . Hehad lost the flower ofhis army , and was obliged te submit unless he escaped . Paredes was on his rear with a heavy force , and he could not carry Vera Cruz by siege . We translate the following from the Dmrio de Vera Crux of the 13 th ult . It is a proclamation signed by Ignacio de Maracy Tillamel , the military commander of the department of Vera Cruz : — " Vera Cruzans ! his Excellency General Don Lopez de Santa Anna has placed himself at the disposition of the Supreme National Government , with all the troops whieh were in opposition to the constutional Government . Thishappy event , so grateful to those who possess the feelings of humanity , is still more so

      to all Mexicans , who have always been in favour of the cause consecrated by legitimate principles . The result of Genera ^ Santa Anna ' s decision is the stopp ing of . the effusion of blood in heroic Puebla . I hayc directed , as was proper and agreeable to the gratification I f eel , that the happy reamt be celebrated , and you will do the same ; but , in the transports of your lawful rejoicing , do not lose sight of the caution which we ought to observe . I beg that your vigilance and precaution may be redoubled now more than ever ; and I also command the troops of the garrison and in active service to exercise the same vigilance as heretofore , " We translate the following from the Diario of the 11 th ;— " If a letter from Tepic is to be believed , which was referred to yesterday in the Siglo , a North American frigate of sixty guns has threatened to bombard San Carlos de Monterey , in California . "

      Birmingham.— A Child Cuokeo With K Lemos...

      Birmingham . — A Child Cuokeo with k Lemos Drop . —An inquest wag held on Tuesday night last , on the _ body of a chHd five months old , named William Humphries , whose death was occasioned by the following singular accident : —George Humphries , plumber and glazier , of 1 Court , Navigation-street , deposed as follows : —The deceased was my son , on Sunday morning last I took him over in my arms to my wife ' s mother , Mrs . Hills , in No . 2 Court ; she took the child from me , and held a lemon drop between her thumb and finger to his mouth , — he sucked it some time , until it had got quite thin , and it somehow slipt into his throat . Tho child then began to strain and gasp for breath , and went quite blue in the face . Tho drop , however , came away in two or three minutes , but the child was dead . 1 am sure Mi's . Hill could not hel p what occurred . A verdict of—Accidental death from suffocation by a lemon drop was recorded .

      MtsTEnious Circumstance . — On Thursday sc'nnight , Mr . Fletcher , a farmer , residing at Little Stanncy , went with a servant into a hay . loft , and there saw the remains of the body of a man , which must have been there a long while . The flesh was completely eaten off the bones by rats , and the clothes were q uite rotten . There were no marks of Violence visible ; and the whole affair is a perfect mys-^ Tm ^ ^ ceased had on a pair of fustian trousers and black hat , and measured upwards of six feet in height . An inquest was held on the following Saturday , at the Bunbury Arms , and a verdict of Found Dead was returned , ft is supposed that the poor fellow died from starvation . —Chetter Courant .

      Craw Fflowmmte,

      CraW fflowmmte ,

      Hetwood.—Termination Of The Turx-Out.-~C...

      Hetwood . —Termination of the Turx-out .- ~ Complete Triumph op the Operatives . — The Powerloom Weavers , in the employ of J . II . Kay and Son have resumed their work after an arduous struggle of nine weeks and two days , their employers being compelled to accede to the just demand of the Weavers . An advance of five farthings per cut has been obtained . The labourers in this neighbourhood through this struggle will have learned what a union of their , body can effect . That when united for good they possess a moral power before which the combined power of the millowners is raised but to show its weakness . The manufacturers of this town have done all that men circumstanced like themselves could do , to prevent the factory operatives assisting their fellow labourers on strike . They first threatened

      to stop their mills unless their hands would cease to contribute to the maintenance of Mr . Kay ' s Weavers ; finding this had not the desired effect they gave their hands a fortnight's notice , and on the fth of February stopped their mills , throwing upwards of 2000 persons out of employment , and this , too , at a time when the cotton trade ( the staple trade of this district ) was as brisk as it was ever known to D 6 i Mr . ILi }; is a Tory , but has been backed in his crusade against the labourers by both Whigs and Tories . When the labourers arc to be trampled upon , the true factions find no difficulty in uniting as was done here . They sympathised with Mr . Kay , and stopped " their mills , thinking by that move to stop the supplies ; when , lo V the first week of the mills being stopped , the subscriptions were doubled . The cotton nabobs looked unutterable tilings when they saw the report , and started their mills on the following morning , leaving their friend Kay to fight the battle himself .. The consequence was , that he was forced to open his mill

      on Friday morning last on the conditions demanded b y the Weavers , Thus has Labour gained another triumph , if they do not allow it to bo tarnished by looking quietly on while Mr . Hilton Kay carries the threat into execution which he made use of at one of the meetings held at the Queen Ann Inn , namely , that "he would give the price if he was compelled to do so ; but if he did give it , he would take it back in the shape of batements—he would put his cutlooker up to all sorts of devilment . " He has given uVC farthings per cut of an advance , but has alread y bated many workmen threepence per cut . Whether the men will submit to this legal robbery we knw . v not . A great movement is now 'winjr made among the trades to iulopt some pian i <> protect ; labour i ' rom the devouring jaws of unprincipled capitalists . To flic Weavers ' we would say , you are a " numerous ,, wiJiv , —' y ^ -t . r " -- " v , ' YTit " , ? Mi v e and laborious , and still are indigent . Up , wjwi , »« .. be doing , and lei- not the sun shine on another day idly spent . —Correspondent ,

      Protection to Labour . — Pubwc Meksiso at Leioh . —On Monday evening , Feb . 17 , a public meeting was held in the large chapel , Folly Field , Leigh , for the purpose of considering the propriety of petitioning the legislature for a select committee to inquire into the nature of the grievances of the weavers , with a view of inducing her Majesty ' s Government to introduce some remedial measures for the protection of labour . The chapel will hold from 1 , 600 to 1 , 700 persons , and was densely crowded . About seven o'clock Mr . W . II . Lowe , secretary to the Leigh Rights of Industry Society , was elected chairman . He opened the business by reading the placard calling the meeting . He said he was in possession of correspondence of a very important nature , from influential persons in various Quarters . He had received letters

      from members of both Houses of Parliament on the subject on which they had met . Its great mass , however , would prevent him from reading it , and he would merely read Lord Lilford ' s letter , signifying his readiness to introduce the subject into the House of Lords ; and Lord Francis Egerton ' s last letter on the same subject . The chairman having addressed the meeting at some length , Mr . William Dickinson moved the first resolution , which was seconded by Mr . C . Bates— " That it is the opinion of this meeting that Hand-loom Weavers generally are subjected to a series of indescribable and painful sufferings , consequent upon low wages , want of employment , the abstracting oi a portion of their promised wages , the destructive influence of unprincipled home competition , the effects of machinery , and the want of an

      effectual legislative enactment for the due protection of labour . " Mr . Ryland Hamlet moved— " That the numerous and indirect attempts at reduction of wages tend to operate most injuriously upon the honourable and upright manufacturers , by enabling their unprincipled competitors to undersell them in the market , consequently bringing on such a state of things 88 to cause a destructive and ruinous competition , at the cost of their unprotected workmen . Therefore , we deem it to be not only expedient , but absolutely necessary , that an earnest appeal be made to the legislature , entreating them to take the matter into their most serious consideration . " The resolutions were earned unanimously . Mr . Robert Blakeley moved , and Mr . T . Fiddiham seconded— " That a petition , founded upon the preceding resolutions , be presented

      to both Houses of Parliament . " Mr . J . Isherwood moved , and Mr . R . Hamlet seconded—'' That the petition to the House of Lords be presented by Lord Lilford , and the one to the House of Commons by Lord Ashley . " Mr . West , of Macclesfield , then addressed the meeting , and delivered a most able and eloquent speech , which we regret we cannot afford room for . lie was most enthusiastically cheered . The resolution was put and earned unanimously . Mr . J . Bowden moved , and Mr . J . Ituftiey seconded— " That this meeting deem it necessary to send a delegate to attend the general meeting ot delegates , which will assemble very shortly , for the purpose of preparing statements to be submitted to her Majesty ' s Board of Trade , as containing the views and opinions of the whole body of Hand-loom Weavers throughout the united kingdom , relative to the unprotected state of their labour . " Mr . Kennedy , a delegate fromWigan , suoDorted the resolution . The sixth resolution was

      moved by Mr . T . Dickenson , and seconded by Mr . J . Himpson— " That , in order to carry out the resolutions , Weavers who are not members of the society are respectfully requested to contribute one penny per loom to the fund , " Mr . William Dixon , reported to the Northern Star , supported the resolution , which was carried unanimously . Mr . J . Cook moved , and Mr . Ludworth seconded— " That the thanks of this meeting be given to that portion of the public who have so liberally contributed to the petition fund . " The thanks of the meeting were given to the chairman and the speakers who had addressed the meeting . A deputation was then chosen to wait upon the respective masters to request them to give an advance of one penny per yard upon satins and one halfpenny per yard upon plain silks . The gentlemen deputed were Mr . Lowe and Mi * . Dickenson . The meeting broke up about twelve o ' clock . —[ This report should have appeared- in last week ' s Star , but was omitted through press of matter . —Ed . N . S . "l

      The Plundering Millocrats . —From an address , issued by the Ashton Power-loom Weavers , we give the following extract : —Our masters say they cannot afford to give an advance on power-loom goods . They never could afford to give an advance ; but let us look at the real position of manufacturing calicoes , and let figures speak facts . Mr . Kenworthy , a manufacturer of Blackburn , states , in a pamphlet addressed to the manufacturers of England , that a piece of cloth of 9-8 , 66 reed , 36 inch cloth of 25 yards , can be manufactured for Is . 8 d ., including all wages , interest , wear and tear , depreciation , drc . Suppose these pieces sell for 5 s . 6 d ; per cut , which they do ; and suppose the weight of cotton used in producing such a piece be five pounds at 5 d . per pound , then will the COSt Of 9 U 0 h pieces be Is . 8 d . for manufacturing , and 2 s . Id . for cotton , leaving a clear profit of Is . (? d . per cut to the manufacturer . These fiaures are facts , and

      when it is known the immense number of cuts woven in some establishments , it is no wonder that wealth springs up amongst them like magic ; and yet they arc so poor with Is . Od . a cut profit , that the poor Weavers , when they ask for a trifling advance , send the manufacturers into hysterics ; they swear , as if they had been college-educated , they will lock up their mills , and starve thousands into compliance . 0 , Capital , where is thy charity ? Added : to this , the duty on cotton is to be repealed , which amounts in the aggregate to nearl y £ 700 , 000 sterling annually , and this is to be divided amongst the manufacturers , which will make in some concerns £ 2 , 000 of increased profit in a year . We think the duty on cotton should be repealed , but we also think that the poor , underpaid , over-worked factory hands should receive a comfortable return for the ' ir toil , and a proportionate share of all advantages arising either from brisk trade or any other circumstance .

      Derbyshire Miners . —At a colliery belonging . to Messrs . North , Wakefield , and Co ., the men , witn a few exceptions , are on strike . The strike originated from the following circumstance : The owners have lately imoosed a set of rules on the men , by wluch , if a man is taken ill in the ra ^ he mvaKBd ba wife to inform the ewner , otherwise he will be fined 2 s Cd Under these atrocious rules ono poor man was robbed of 7 s . 6 d ;/ ov being ill three , days . Other atrocities have been perpetrated on the men , of which the above is a sample ; hence the strike . Yorkshire Miners . —Mr . George Brown has lectured at ' the following places ;—Feb . 17 th , Gildersome ; 18 th ,.. Adwalton ; 19 th , Beeehton . - , 20 th , Churwell ; 22 nd , Cr } gglestoue .

      I. . To Agents And Readers. It Is Expect...

      I . . TO AGENTS AND READERS . It is expected that Mr . Duncombe ' s motion on the Posf-office will come on' to-night ( Friday ) . To giro those of our readers that we can reach by the . day mail from London the latest news that we can cater for them , ' we shall do as we did last week—keep back a portion of the orders and send them off from liere on Saturday morning with a report of the debate , and with the other news of Friday . The agents will know in each case what time to apply at the Post-office for their papers .

      Delegate Meetino.—The Next General Deleg...

      Delegate Meetino . —The next general delega meeting of Lancashire Miners will be held on Monday , the 10 th of March , at the house of Mr . Israel Riley , Commercial Inn , Over Darwen ; chair to be taken at eleven o ' clock in the forenoon . W . P . Roberts , Esq ., will address the Miners of Darwen and neighbourhood on the same dav . The levy for the fortnight , including general contribution , is two shillings per member . Lancashire Miners , —A public meeting of the Coal Miners of Oldham and the surrounding nei ghbourhood was held in the Working Man's Hall , Harsedge-street , Oldham , on Monday last , for the m ^^

      purpose of laying before the public a correct statement of the differences existing between some of the masters and their men . The meeting was addressed by W . P . Roberts , Esq ., Mr . William Holgate , and Mr . W . Harris . —On the same day a public meeting of the Wigan Miners was held . This meeting was also addressed-by W . r . Roberts , Esq ., and others , The association in Laricashiregets stronger every day ; the last fortnight's contributions amounted to upwards of £ 500 . . This is the best refutation- that can be given to the statements made by hired scribes , who in their venal rags , week after wsck , say that the Miners' Union is " going down . "

      The Colliers w Pemberton beg to acknowledge the receipt of the following sums towards the support of the Colliers in the Femberton district : —J . Kamsdalc , 2 s . 6 d . ; Robert Winstanly , 5 s . ; Robert Waddington , 5 s . ; Win .- Acton , Is . ; James Fimlly , 2 s . Gd . ; James Swift , Is . Od . ; Elizabeth Barton , 2 s : Thomas Hardy , Js . ; Margaret Morton ,. 2 s . Cd .: Henry Corless , 2 s . Od . ; Richard Swift-, os . ; James Hill , Cd . ; Thomas Bannister , Cd . ; Wm . Raintbrd , Is . ; Friond , 2 s . Cd . ; Friend , Cd . ; Friend , Is . ; Richard Moss , 2 s . Od . ; Peter Pendlcbury , Od . ; George Brown , 2 s . 6 d ; Friend , Is . ; Wm . Hill , Is . ; Joseph Martindale , Is .. 6 d . ; John Daniel , 3 d . ; John Wiiiard , 2 s . Cd . ; Friend , Is . ; Friend , Is . ; Friend , Is . ; Thomas Foy , 2 s . 6 d . ; Toter Leicester , 2 s . Cd . ; Friend , Is . 6 d . ; Friend , Od . ; Wm . Birkitt , 3 s . ; John Laithwaite , 2 s . Cd . ; John Lee , 2 s . Cd . ; Henry Johnson , 6 d . ;

      Matthew Birkitt , 5 s . ; Friend , 3 s . 6 d . j inend ; Is .: Nicholas Halliwell , 2 s . ; Henry Litherland , Is . 8 d . ; Robert Greenall , Is . ; GcorgoThomas , Is . 6 d . , Wm . Aspinall , Is . ; John Hillon , Is . ; John Tickle ; 6 d . ; Friend Is . ; Friend , Is . ; Friond , Cd , ; John Berry , Gd . ; John O'Nall , 6 d . ; James Lawrcnson , Cd . ; James Lawrcnson , Od . ; Thomas Woods , 3 d . ; George Flinham , ( 3 d . ; Wm . Berry , Gd .: Edward Berry " , 6 d . ; Peter Lucas , Is . ; Wm . Harnold , Is . ; JaaiCS Jackson , is . ; U ' ni . Waine , Js . ; Win , Wain , ? ,. Is . ; James Waine , Od . ; George Adanison , Is .. ; . John Gross , Is . ; \ Ym , Norcroas , is . ; Wm . Swift , is . ; "Wm . Cross , Is . ; Mr . Thomas Swift ,. Is . ; Alexander /' .. . ¦> •! ;) ,., „ ,. !? ..:.,. J - ¦ . : ; i . _ : -v ,.- > liffe , fid . ; John Ciindiine , Od . ; Richard Hoys , Cd ' . ' - , Joseph Borrosc . fid . ; Richard Ri » by , , 3 d .. ; . Samuel Harmer , Gd . ; James Lealand , Od . ; James Wilding , Cd . ; John Hurst , Cd . ; Thomas Hurst , 3 d . ; Wm . Yates , Chorley-moor , Is . 6 d . ; John Taylor , Cd .

      The Kibkxess Miners ( Lancashire ) . —The following subscriptions have been received by the Kirkless Miners , late in the employ of Ralph Thicknesse , Esq ., who , for resisting some unjust aggressions made upon their rights , have been subjected to the tyranny of the above-mentioned gentleman ' s agent , Taking advantage of the men ' s being out of employment , the tyrant demanded all the rents due by those who reaided In ibe cottages connected with the Collieries belonging to Ralph Thicknesse . The oppressor has , however , been foiled by the Miners of the surrounding districts , who have nobly come forward

      to the assistaneo of their brethren , and paid the rents of all those whom he wished to deprive of their household furniture : —Wigan district , Three Tuns , £ 1 ; Dickenson ' s Anns , 15 s ; Ashall ' s men , £ 1 ; Rope and Anchor , £ 4 ; King of Prussia , 5 s ; Whaley ' s men , £ 3 Is 4 d ; Rising Sun , 5 s ; Saracen ' s Head , 10 s ; Aspull district , £ 5 4 s ; Brown ' s men , Incc , £ 1 ; Nuttall's men , ditto , 8 s ; Chorley district , £ 1 ; Dean Church , £ 2 ; Little Hulton , No . 3 , £ 1 ; Bolton district , £ 5 ; Bury district , £ 3 10 s ; Woodhouse , Shevrngton , £ 1 ; Black Horse , ditto , 10 s ; James Henshall , Worseley , 5 s ; St . Helens , £ 1 14 s 6 d ; Small sums , 2 s 8 | d .

      ' ftmhnnanm . — -Extraordinary Meeting at the Public Office of the Workmen engaged in the Wire-dramng Trade of Birmingham and the District . —; On Monday evening , the 24 th inst ., a special public meeting of the operative Wire-drawers employed in Birmingham and the district was held in the Public Office , forth © purposo of discussing and adopting measures to redress the grievances which , through a longseries of years , have been gradually introduced into their branch of trade . By the hour announced when the chair should be taken , the Public Office was completely crowded , and every one seemed to feel the influence of the just and sacred purposes for which they had assembled . At the hour appointed Mr . Tennant , on the motion of Mr . Ivee , was unanimously called to

      the chair . Mr . Ivee , in opening the business , said it would be his duty to relate the ori g in of the grievance which they had met to consider—a grievance that had become so seriously injurious to their interests as workmen , that if not redressed , would go on increasing , whenever the employer could find a pretext , until they might become as great sufferers as some of their less fortunate fellow-workmen in other branches of trade . The evil which they now contemplated removing was the practice of the employers deducting 10 per cent , off their wages every Saturday night . This practice was not only most unjust and oppressive , but it was deeply aggravated from the fact , that it was continued during a time of the most unparalleled prosperity of their trade .

      There was | no ground , no justification , no excuse for the employers continuing to impose this grievance ; and he believed that they did not desire it , provided it became a general rule that each employer would pay his workmen their duly earned wages . ( Hear . ) The highly favourable condition of the trade , and the unanimity and discretion which characterised that meeting , assured him that no employer who knew his duty would ever present an obstacle to the accomplishment of their just claims . This practice was first introduced by a foreman in 1822 . He deducted by way of commencement five per cent , from the wagea of tlva men lv « superintended , on the ground that he had been reduced in his arrangements with the master . It soon was introduced in other

      factories , and in a few years it was raised to ten per cent , of deduction ,, But that was not all , their wages had been reduced within fifteen years thirty percent ., so that their just remuneration was being cut down by a double process . ( Hear , hear , hear . ) It was not merely to obtain the redress of this evil they now aimed at , but the society hoped by its influence to encourage habits ot temperance throughout the trade , and to improve equally their moral and social condition . The following gentlemen then severally proposed the subjoined resolutions : ¦—Mr . Cornforth , Mr . Evans , Mr . White , Mr . Ivee , and Mr . Smith ,: — " 1 . Resolved , that we , the workmen Wire Drawers of Birmingham and the district , convened in the Public Office , Monday , Feb . 24 th , 1845 ,

      for the purpose of redressing our grievances , having seriously and deliberately taken into our consideration the present prosperous condition of the Wiredrawing trade , consider our employers are fully able to remove thejdiscounfc now made upon our wages , which has long been felt a general grievance . " " 2 . Resolved , that being desirous of promoting a feeling of mutual respect and confidence between us and our employers , we respectfully require that from and after Monday , the 10 th of March , 1845 , they will cease to make the deduction of the ten per cent , now made upon the wages of your workmen , being a practice neither just in itself , nor a custom in other branches 6 f tl'ado . " " 3 . Resolved , that the chairman of the meeting be instructed to forward to the

      employers the foregoing resolutions , with a respectful intimation that a deputation will wait upon ihem for their reply , on the day set forth in the preceding resolution . " The speeches of Mr . White and Mr . Ivee embodied sentiments , and were expressed in a manner which would have done credit to men in any rank of life . Mr . White observed , " we never can command the respect of our employers if we submit to wrongs , which we have the complete power to remedy whenever wc unite . Nothing could resist their exertions if tempered with discretion . It was the interest of the employers to consult the welfare of those in their employ , and to make every concession which justice required . " Mr . Ivee said ho had struggled many years as a member of the wire-drawing trade , ; but he never bep fi 1 ~»* «« ... n « . r . il nwiK tmnnitiiniia n rrntlinwoi i i

      IOIC wiMiesaeu so puwunui » w »«»»»»» 6 "™» - ing . With firmness of purpose , sobriety , and prudence , every grievance must give way before tnelr combined exertions . The chairman , when all the resolutions had been adopted , said , that now their business had been gone through , he would take the liberty on behalf of the meeting to ask Mr , Mason to address them . Mr . Mason had rendered great services to the Trades of Birmingham , and had attended on that occasion , at the desire of the committee , at great inconvenience to himself . Mr . Mason theu rose and Taddressed the meeting at some length , pointing out the causes which had defeated the " former struggles of the Trades in their contests for wages ; and also shewed the immense advantages which each branch of trade would acquire by , a " general combination . Mr . Mason concluded amid ^' universal applause . The thanks of the meetingVhaving been given to the chairman , the meeting broke up , every one appearing confident of success .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), March 1, 1845, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_01031845/page/1/