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    it was a step rendered necessary by the want of money * The first ministry of the empire , headed by Jose Bonifacio de A |) dra (^ who had conducted the revolution , was arbitrary , though tpipnpfid and energetic , and under it the press was persecuted anq . neq % \ silenced . An extract from the official gazette , the " Oittjia

    Fiuminense , " may serve to shew the servile spirit which ev € fn > in 1828 , was pleasing to the court . " Her Majesty Donna Maria the lid , left this city on the day before yesterday ? for the Court of Vienna , whither she is gone to kiss the nand of her august grandfather . That fortunate court , which eleven years agfc felicitated Brazil with a prototype of virtues which it would be difficult

    to imitate , and which prototype was quickly coveted by Heaven , will now be well repaid with the sovereign presence of the youthful que . en , ibe blqssed offspring and living image of her mother . The just and pungent anguish in which the privation of this august object steeps our hearts , and which the policy of empires compels us to support ,, can atoiie be alleviated by the thought , that this brilliant star , now ceasing to scintillate

    in the southern cross , will henceforth light up the skies of Eorope , attd re-produce in another hemisphere the high virtues of the great genius , the founder of the Brazilian Empire . On occasion of her departure we were favoured with the following sonnet , which we publish , alike on account of the worthy object to which it is dedicated , and also from a wish to make known the transcendent genius of the writer . "

    " Alas ! high Queen , " &c . &c—Vol . i . p . 306 . , At the same time various defects became observable in th £ constitution , which deprived the people of their expected riaft * - guards from an arbitrary disposition in the monarch . ForeitKist among these was the resistance of the senate , or second chamber , to all popular measures . The senate , like the chamber of deputies , was elective , but the members of the latter were chosen for

    four years only , while the senators were nominated for- life . Their number was fixed at one half of that of the deputies , and the emperor had a certain limited power of selection out of tbft names first voted by the electors . They were appointed to be all above forty years of age , and to possess an income of at lfettst 800 milries per annum .

    " Being an elected body , not chosen from any privileged caste ,, tyit from among the sons of proprietors and tradesmen , it might have been coucluded that the members of the senate would have been animated J ? y a spirit similar to that of the deputies . It was nevertheless a fact , whicn even the senators could not controvert , that they had , on the cotttitary , appeared oh repeated occasions as the austainers alike of the ? ice ^ of the old government , of the abuses hitherto noted in the new oney fi *< $ ' 4 f the interests opposed to the prosperity of the nation and to the diettte * of the constitution . By the patriots this phenomenon was attributed to the epoch in -which the senators were chosen , to the element * > o $ , * hi « fr their chamber was m consequence composed , and principally $ > &t ^ e appointment of its members for life . 4 It was evident , * they contended ,

    Untitled Article

    History of Brazil . 481

• Citation
  • Monthly Repository (1806-1838) and Unitarian Chronicle (1832-1833), Aug. 2, 1836, page 481, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/mruc/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2660/page/21/