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    siye _ poScjr was ere long followed up by a fearful and overwhelming cotinteraction . They raised up a spirit which they afterwards in vain attempted to exorcise . They called forth a conqueror , who for a while scattered all their armaments before him , and who burst and rivetted at wiH ine manacles of many nations . The results of his victories were

    not bounded by the hemisphere wherein they were achieved . They gave birth to the immediate independence of all the Spanish colonies in South America , and by compelling the royal family of Portugal to seek refuge in Brazil , they created , as it were , a new era in her history - "—Vol . i . P , 12 .

    The court carried to Brazil all the despotic principles of the Old World ; tut though , twelve years of apparent calm succeeded ltd settlement there , the impulse which had been given to the Public min ^ Avas silently but surely working to a result . The revolution of . 1820 , which gave a constitution to Portugal , proved atOBce the altered character of the Brazilians . Their enthusiasm

    iq . the cause of liberty obliged the government immediately to eootead the same advantages to them which had been acquired by the mother country . No one indeed appears to have been more thoroughly aware than the king himself , that the days of revereftee for legitimacy were over . He listened to the demands of the people with frightened eagerness ; and when on one occasion

    they took the horses from his carriage and dragged it themselves , $# : shew , their approbation of his concessions , he swooned away With toPTOF , The declaration of independence which followed so tskxwdy upon his departure for Europe , and the appointment of , !)<> & J ? edro to the regency , were hastened by the injustice of the Gqptes , who , while they guarded the liberties of their own QWkfitry , were anxious only to maintain Brazil as a province ; h # t to accomplish this object was beyond their power .

    u With the abolition of the censorship , a host of energies , unknown before , immediately evinced themselves throughout the whole social body ; and the press began to teem with periodical publications . * * * Utttil now , the great mass of the free population had remained in ignorance , but ignorance is less difficult to vanquish than prejudice . They had little to unlearn , and the progress of truth was not embarrassed at

    every Step by that false knowledge which is too often the bane of culti-VS $£# d Europe . The very insignificance of Portuguese literature was Kere favourable to the progress of the new philosophy . "—Vol . i . p . 54 . ,-tXhe pauses which obliged Don Pedro to abdicate his throne , Wtaf ft reign of only nine years , ( begun in almost unexampled popularity ) may be clearly understood by a reference to the work hmote ua . It is true that he sanctioned the improved system of gt > v «* rttfl £ nt , and evidently intended to abide by its provisions , rat hid sympathies were with despotism . The constitution re-Tfi&tt& jl for several years little more than a dead letter ; it was not ISIt 1826 that tfce legislative assembly \ fa $ convened , and then

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    480 History of Brazil .

• Citation
  • Monthly Repository (1806-1838) and Unitarian Chronicle (1832-1833), Aug. 2, 1836, page 480, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/mruc/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2660/page/20/