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    Notwithstanding Mr . Babbage ' s complaints of the discouragement and decline of physical science in England , it has received a far more honourable treatment than the kindred philosophy of the human mind . The thrifty habits of a commercial people create a thousand practical arts which depend on mechanical and chemical knowledge , and will ensure their cultivation to a certain

    extent ; but they are adverse to metaphysical and moral speculation , and turn with ignorant scorn from all those nobler and more yenned pursuits which make themselves felt , not in weight of pocket , but in enlargement of mind . With this great national cause have concurred a malignant theological prejudice , and a corrupt political interest ; the former dreading , from the study of human capabilities , duties , and interests , any tendency to free

    thinking , —the latter an approach to self-government . Hence the public taste has treated intellectual and ethical philosophy with positive rudeness , and bid it begone to the high places of learning ; and the universities , not daring to lay violent hands on it , have gravely bowed it into an easy chair , and let it sleep . Those who know the value of these investigations in the re-construction of the political , moral , and religious opinions , which are scattered and broken up in critical periods of society like the

    present , will observe with satisfaction some significant symptoms of increasing favour towards them . The arts which correspond to these sciences—those of government and education—are becoming subjects of deeper national consideration every day , and inquiry into these topics cannot be pushed far without finding itself entangled amid the most intricate researches of metaphysical and ethical theory . Political economy , too , has its root in the natural laws of human desire and volition , and cannot fail to stimulate

    some penetrating minds to the study of them . Some temporary evils may be anticipated from this particular mode of approaching the interior secrets of human nature ; men considered as producers of wealth and as subjects of law , exhibit neither the whole nor the best parts of their nature ; in the one case they appear in the pursuit of their physical welfare ; in the other as influenced by force

    * Deontology , or the Science of Morality ; in which the harmony and coincidence of duty and self-interest , virtue and felicity , prudence and benevolence , are explained and exemplified . From the MSS . of Jeremy Bent ham . Arranged and edited I y John Bowling . Longman ; Tait .

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    612 Bentham ' s Deontology .

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    detestable coldheartedness . Of course such an ascetic and restrictive system produces a large crop of hypocrisy . But the great Deity of modern Puritanism is the Sabbath . To the strict observance of the Sunday all its energies are devoted . For this it preaches , prays , petitions , pesters , and persecutes . * *

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    BENTHAMS DEONTOLOGY *

• Citation
  • Monthly Repository (1806-1838) and Unitarian Chronicle (1832-1833), Sept. 2, 1834, page 612, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/mruc/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2637/page/8/