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    until it came to something sinister which boie the name of Love , and inveighed against it very deservedly ; the other taking us to the right side , found another Love , a namesake of the first , but of a divine origin and nature , which it held forth and praised as the cause of our greateBt blessings .

    • I , then , continued Socrates , * being a lover of these compositions and decompositions , in order that I may be able to speak and to think ; if I find any one whom I think capable of apprehending things as one and many * I run after him and follow his footsteps as I would those of a god . Those who can do this , whether I call them rightly or not God knows , but at present I call them dialecticians : but what are we to call

    those who learn from you and Lysias ? Is this , of which we have been talking , the same with that Art of Speaking by the aid of which Thrasymachus and the rest have become wise in speaking , and have " made others so , who pay tribute to them as to kings ? ' * They are kingl y people , ' said Phaedrus , ' but they are not acquainted ^ with that of which you spoke . I think that you are right in calling this method dialectics ; but it does not seem to me that we have yet found out what oratory is . '

    ' Indeed ! ' replied Socrates : 'it must be something curious , if , being different from what we have been speaking of , it is nevertheless an art . Let us then see what else oratory consists of . ' € Of a great many things , which we find in the books of rhetoric / I thank you for putting me in mind . You mean such things as these ; that the exordium should come first , then the narration and the testimony , then the positive

    circumstantial proofs , then the probable ones : and next , I believe the Byzantine Theodorus talks of confirmation and super-confirmation , refutation and super-refutation , and how all these things should be managed , botri'in accusation and in defence . And why should we leave out that excellent person , Euoenus of Paros , who first invented viroSi ' t Xioais and TrapcircuVoc /

    ( Lhe first untranslatable , the second we suppose means incidental praise . ) 'Some say he also has irapaxpoyoi , ' ( incidental vituperation , ) ' whicn he has put into verse for the aid of memory ; for he is a wise man . Can we omit , moreover , Tisias and Gorgias , who saw that the plausible was to be honoured above the true , and who , by force of speaking , can make great things appear small , and small things great , new things old , and old things new , and who have found out the wav to speak either briefly

    or to an interminable length on all subjects ? Prodicus once , when I related this to him , laughed , and said he was the first person who had found out how to speak according to art : for the speech should be neither short nor long , but moderate . ' Very wise indeed . ' * Neither must we leave out Hippias of Elis , who I should think would be of the same opinion : and Polus , too , who invented 3 iirXa < yio \ oy / a , and yvwuo \ oyia ^ 4

    * wtiicovo \ oyla 9 and so forth . ' And did not Protagoras do something of & « Bame kind V He was skilled in opOctira ' a , and many other fine things . He excelled every body in speeches of the lugubrious kind , bout old age and poverty : he was a terrible man for enraging people , ^ d then cooling them , and the first of all men in inveighing and in replying to invective . About the concluding part of a speech they all

    ¦*«! to agree ; some of them call it recapitulation , and others give it ^ Jt oe other name . ' 4 You mean , summarily reminding the audience of what you have said . ' That is what I mean . ' * Have you anything else to relate which forms part of the art of oratory ? ' 4 There is very

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    Plato ' s Dialogues ; the Pk < edru 8 . 6 S 7

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    « o . 93 . 2 Z

• Citation
  • Monthly Repository (1806-1838) and Unitarian Chronicle (1832-1833), Sept. 2, 1834, page 637, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/mruc/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2637/page/33/