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    • ending on principles which have no affinity with those of its instructions , may be the subject of . separate and subsequent considerations . With this tribute of duty to the board of trustees , accept the assurance of my great esteem and consideration . TH . JEFFERSON .

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    2 , Present State of Rome . * From the Journal of an English Traveller . [ From the Same , pp , 210 , 211 . ] _ . ——Alas!—Rude frag-oients now Lie scatter'd where the shapely column stood ; Her palaces are dust ! Rome * June 10 , 1813 .

    I was at Rome in the year 1791 > the city then contained 160 , 000 inhabitants , the luxuries in equipage and liveries were considerable , in many of the great houses the foreigner met with a hospitable reception , and every thing indicated a great and opulent capital . I entered the city this time

    by the saxne road ,, and instead of carriages , was met by droves of oxen , goats and half wild horses , driven along by black-eyed herdsmen , armed with long pikes , and muffled up in their cloaks ; they looked like Tartars . The dust raised by the cattle filled the air . These herdsmen with their

    charge , seek every evening , within the walls , a refuge from the pestiferous atmosphere of the environs . They take possession of the quarters and palaces which are abandoned to

    them by the population , in proportion as it diminishes , and is crowded together with the unwholesome air into the centre of the city . The Porta Popuili , the Transtiberine quarter , and those of the Quirinal and the

    * This melancholy picture of the u Eternal City" agrees-with the reports of all trave llers . There is an ahle hut saddening i article on the subject in the last Number ° > the Edinburgh Review . - We subjoin ( from the Newspapers ) the following statist ical table of the population of Rome for l 8 l 6-

    Children born , 4256—deaths , 4941—marria ges , 1303 . The whole population * as 128 , 997 souls . In this number are ^ bishops , 1303 priests , 1286 monks and re % iou 8 , 1172 nuns , 241 seminarists , 2757 sick in the hospitals , 778 prisoners , and 62 heretics , Turks and infidels . The umber of families was 32 , 587 . Ed .

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    Mountain of the Trinity , are already deserted by their inhabitants , and country people iiave settled in them . The population of Rome is reduced to 100 , 000 souls , and this number includes more than 40 , 000 vinedressers , herdsmen and gardeners . Extensive districts of the city are transformed

    into villages , and are occupied by rustics driven by the insalubrity of the atmosphere from their former dwellings . Such a prodigious depopulation in the short space of twentytwo years , is almost unprecedented . The political events of that period have doubtless contributed much to

    its diminution ; but the principal cause must be sought in the general relation of Rome , and in the effects of its noxious atmosphere . This scourge is everv year making fresh encroachments , every year overspreads streets , places and quarters , and every

    year its baneful influence must augment ; because it acts in an inverse ratio to the assistance opposed by the population . The fewer the inhabitants , the greater the number of victims , and every funeral is the avant courier of many more . That period ,

    therefore , is probably not far distant , when this queen of cities will be completely shorn of her splendour , and nothing be left of her but that glorious name , which time cannot destroy . The traveller will then find at Rome , as he now does at Voltera ,

    nought but a vast collection of monuments , palaces and ruins of every age . The marks of near approaching destruction are impressed upon every part of Rome . As there are many more houses than inhabitants , no

    person thinks of repairing his own ; if it becomes ruinous , he seeks another elsewhere ; to mend a door , &cc . would be deemed labour thrown away ; they tumble down , and as they fall are left lying . In this manner numbers of convents are now transformed into

    ruinous shells y many palaces are become uninhabited , and no one takes the trouble even to secure their doors-This abandonment , this Tartar population filling the streets with their cattle , already present striking characteristics of decay and ruin .

    Amid this neglect of the private buildings , a strong anxiety for the preservation of such remains of antiquity as time has spared , is observ-

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    Present State of Rome . 651

• Citation
  • Monthly Repository (1806-1838) and Unitarian Chronicle (1832-1833), Nov. 2, 1817, page 651, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/mruc/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2470/page/11/