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    expedients far promoting their reformation and securing tfce good order of jails . In some prisons , the earnings of the prisoners , of which they themselves , too * receive a part , defray the greater part of the expenses of the establishments . And it is found that

    but a small proportion of the prisoners that have been inured to labour in jail have been re-comaiitted . On the female side of Newgate , since the institution of the Visiting Committee , the instances of re-conamittals ,

    compared with re-committals before the institution was formed , are as 1 is to 7 » and compared with re-committals on the male side , where there is no similar plan of visiting , only as 1 is to 12 . These facts will surely convince such as are inaccessible to argument , th&t humanity is good policy .

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    M ^ i ^* - ^ BsWa ^ sJ ) efm ( ieofiha € ovte $ . iSQ

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    Art . V . — Representation Iieefta a , & * M . C . El Setior Don Fernando V 1 L en Defensade las Cortes . Mepresentation to Ferdinand VII- in Defence of ike Cortes . By D . Alvaro Florez Estrada . 4 th edition . London , 1819 .

    FEW pamphlets have excited a livelier interest than this . In spite of the most dreadful denunciations of the Spanish government against any person who should be found to possess it , it has been introduced into Spain , and purchased with

    incredible eagerness ; it has gone through several editions , and has been translated into many languages ; while the attempts to stop its circulation , and the malignant ( though impotent ) threats which Ferdinand has expressed against its distinguished author , lead

    us to expect that he has infused into it no small portion of the spirit of truth and liberty . This expectation will not be disappointed . El Senor de Estrada is an enlightened advocate of civil and religious freedom . . He speaks truths ( unwelcome to royal

    ears ) with emphatic boldness . From the country where heh #£ found an asylum from the malignant persecutions of tyranny , he gives vent to those '' -unutterable things" which n ^ y not profane the pure and irreproachable pjreqincts of a despot ' s court . 1

    It has been often uyketU what did the Cortes to entitle them ta the gratitude of Spain ? They established a

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    representative government ; they abolished the Inquisition ; they diminished the monastic orders ; they decreed the political liberty of the press ; they did more—they saved their country , and they sited no blood * D . Alvaro is at this moment under

    sentence of death—an honour which has been conferred on almost every illustrious Spaniard who has identified himself with his country ' s liberties . But the arm of the tyrant cannot reach him here ; and he may yet see

    " O vengu e dia dichoso ! ' * the triumph of moral greatness over brute and barbarous force . The present picture is indeed a melancholy one : u A monarch who , in spite of his solenm promise to govern his people with paternal

    kindness and in the liberal spirit of the times , ( see Ferdinand's Decree of May 4 , ) suffers himself to be led by a fanatic priesthood , and from the moment of his instal - lation re establishes that tribunal of Mood and horror , whose end and object is to assassinate and destroy all who dare to

    differ from its inexorable ministers , men who encourage children to betray their parents , and wives to sacrifice their husbands . A government whose theory is deceit and falsehood — whose practice , oppression and infiamy . A - government which allows nothing but the eulogium of

    its crimes and persecutions , —which applauds treachery and revenge as the first of social virtues ,- —which expatriates the worthiest and the wisest of its dependents , —and welcomes and rewards the betrayers of their countryi A government ever fluctuating between furious violence and

    shameful timidity . A nation , whose privilege it is to know that its king- is the absolute master of property and life , — which to deny is sedition , or perhaps high treason / ' Pp . 104 , 105 .-The appeals lie makes to other governments seem irresistible :

    u Do the monarchs of Europe consider the poor Africans worthy of their coromisseration , who never tasted the sweets of civil liberty * - * - and will they not interest themselves in the sufferings of a nation , which struggled so nobly , and sacrificed so much

    for the independence of all ,, and tor its reward has been hurled into the abyss of the Inquisition , and subjected to a government whose horrors are a , thousand fold more unbearable than the slavery of the blacks ? " P . 109 . It itf most unjust to accuse the Spaniards of inertness or indifference

• Citation
  • Monthly Repository (1806-1838) and Unitarian Chronicle (1832-1833), March 2, 1819, page 198, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/mruc/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1770/page/53/