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    STATE OF PA1MTES IN* GERMANY.

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    Untitled Article

    . 828 The Saturday . Analyst ' and Leader . [ Sept . - > i > , 1860

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    tual anil progressive , character . However it begins , it ends in stagnation , if it escapes being overthi-own . To " be in harmony with the best tendencies of our times , wo rmist abjure methods of violence and seek improvement by conviction , rather than by authoritative direction or restraint . Lord Brougham does not see this , and repeats the arguments in favour of promoting temperance by a Maine Liquor Law , which he propounded on a former occasion . In u like spirit lie proposes to deal with the vieivs of our parhainentarv system , lie describes our 'House of Commons , truly ¦ enough " , as ' mainly composed of an inferior sort of persons who have no public character or reputation , and he blames

    the tendenov which these people exhibit to chatter about everything which they do not understand . That sessions are wasted in very silly and idle chatter , none will dispute , and Sir J . Pakingtox , who thanked Lord Brougham for his able address , expressed his concurrence with the complaints of his noble friend . It is . also true that the evil is not a new one , although it has certainly increased , and the session of IS 60 was so bad in this respect that it

    deserves to be made the subject of the emphatic warning- which Lord J 3 UOUGHA . M utters with all the solemnity of an experience extending through two generations of ordinary men . His Lordship does not think that we are in danger of losing our liberties from causes similar to those which have operated iri France , but he fears that parliamentary governments will become contemptible , and that the nation will consider anything better than : sessions like ISo'O . In these views wo fully concur , and they have often been expressed in this journal , but we cannot coincide in the remedies' which Lord Brougham .

    thinks adequate to the case . He condemns the idea of extending the suffrage , on the supposition that it would aggravate the mischief , which he seems to fancy ' is connected with the number of electors . This is ¦ certainly untrue , for ¦ large constituencies are by-no / means remark-able for returning inferior men . 'I he motiopolitan boroughs may be foolish enough to elect a silent incapacity like Mr . BLTi . r . it , or a Talking incapacity like Mr . Ayuwx , but the small town * are clvieny represented bv men who Lave , not the faintest intellectual pretensions to

    biick their claims . Manchester is represented , by men thoroughlv acquainted with the great trade of Lancashire , and who are not open to Lord 13 u ore . hams complaints ., Liverpool is free from the same charge ; and Birmingham , whatever may be thought of Mr . Bkighx ' s principles , deserves do blaine ; nor can Sheffield . ur Newcastle , or Rochdale , or Oldham , or Halifax , plead guilty to the charge . So far from the popular element being the cause of silly persons getting into Parliament it usually operates the other way ; and as a rule , the worst members sit for places where political activity is chiefly confined to the electioneering maruuiling of opposing

    eys . Wo haw in niany previous articles stated our conviction that measures calculated to promote the- habir of politiealdisi-ussion , ami niake elections turn more upon opinion , are the only means that would succeed in improving the quality of the House of Commons ; and tho only repressive enactments we have faith in would bo those judiciously directed to . the stoppage of proiligute expenditure It ' wo omit nomination boroughs , and those habitually sold by Whig and Tory attorneys to tho hughes ' , bidder , wo shall rind the most misrhiovous members of Parliament nvo- lvcumed by places which contrihuto least to tho ironoiv . l stock of political opinion ,

    mul which are not under tho i > . nl : xauon of ; iny groat trade having special interests u > advocate in tho Imperial Legislature . An extension o ( tho suffrage would s . 't us free i ' rom tlio mischievous eil ' oot of tho rotten boroughs , and the others must be dealt with chiefly by tho spread of political education , and the repression of electoral expenditure . If the public can bo convinced that tin ? habit of investigating , understanding , and discussing political questions is ono th . \ t ought to be increased , appropriate menus will easily be found . At present , men of business seldom like to sec their sons politicians : they fancy it will unfit them for the duo supervision of the banking account or the till , although it is . far less likely to do so than the shallow frivolities in which the youth

    of linglaiul : u ' c chiefl y engaged . We are not only deficient in the genoi ~ al diffusion of anything that deserves to be called political thought . but also in tho class of political students ., " \ Yc want a career open f "> r men who nuke polities a „' profession ,: who have boon well grounded m lir . ^ t principles : who . go tliroxigh the drudgery necessary t " > keep tip a constant acquaintance with tlie latest facts \\ i \<\ features of public ntt ' iurs . rolitioal mercenaries . : ' « contemptible a * those who soM rhiir swords to tho Tope , or the Into Kinc of NuV'los , anv Uovernnu nt can . rind ; h \\ x those i < : « invar link of n >> n > v }> . > d ^ voto

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    themselves to . politics as Faraday nnd Lyelt , have devoted themselves-to science . It . is not thnt . our country is . deficient in political talent , but that there is no career for it . ] f . dozen constituencies would seek for the men we have indicated , and return them for nothing , we should witness a beneficial result ; as the presence . of a few really able and independent members in the House of Commons would not onl y g ive rise . to a direct improvement in its proceedings , bur , bv raising the standard of political speaking , excite a wholesome intolerance of importinent twaddle Lord Brougham recommends relieving the House of Commons of much private business , which every one will admit to be necessary ; but although he declares the Wednesday morning sittings are the most satisfactory , he does not follow this natural indication and advise that morning sittings should be the rule ,. although this would in itself be a most valuable reform . He thinks , something like the French cb ' tuve era vote for closing a discussion , must be adopted—and is favourable to the rule in the American senate , which limits speeches to one hour . Upon this we would remark that the time of cur House of Commons is not materially wasted by long : speeches , a * onl y a few second-rate hnvvers venture ' upon them without . having something to say . The . waste arises from the intcnninablt .-succession of short speeches , seldom extending twenty mimm .--or ¦ hnlf-an-hpur , ¦ and often much less . The r / nfurr might work well if the ho « t . of small ehntterers-to-no-p ' urpr » se could be persuaded to hold their ' tongues inuiltlio . se who cun . arcr-ifi a question had spoken , upon it , Avlien the . debate ii . ri . g 1 iT ha closed -without mischief : but notwithstanding the-experknee of France , we are afraid . of ' trusting to restrictions 'imp ¦ ¦ >*•; " I upon bad members , instead of relying upon their e ; hiiinari" : i and the substitution of better une > . .. . . . 'iris in . vain to trvto make , a b : ul House of ; C-miiv . on- Je , . un < l ^ rtaken . is Parlianieritary Keform—iMt only in the w-iy . . J" c-xtendins the suffrage . " so . that tho masses may onj' - \ v : i v . h-L .--some share of political life : but thnt . the . Hou-e ft" C-v . ini « v . > - shall not degenerate into . a mere club for shallov . - - ] viT- I vanity , and-the ' upper ¦ circles of the-swell-mob . wh . > ii ! l tlnir pocket-- ? bv Joint JSrock Company diddle ^ .

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    'T ^ HR . OUGH the recent general assembly of the . _ V' . ¦>•'•» " ! -L Vvre /' . 'i , at Coburpr . we obtain an insight into the f' ^ -linj l > ervacling' the ditrerent sections of t ' . ie Liberal pai ? " i : 1 Oerinanv . If we \ vere ro classifv political parties in the v " o : iiVderation , we should pur them under three hoivl " . 1 ' . The Conservatives who desire to preserve th-. - - ' it" •/•<'¦• • ' 2 : i >\ . The moderate Liberals who would dissolve the ¦ Run . l in i ' av-ur of the '" hegemoav . " or leadership of the Prus-ian dv : ; : ; -: v . : > rd . Tho Democrats , proporly . speaking , whose parole i-a n \ - ' and unired Germany , osrabli-hed by monn -if : i o-:-ntral Parliament , on the basis of the sovereignty of the pc- ' -j . ' !> .-. ^ . Tho rirst-named group , the Conservative- ? . - ' - > in f r ?' .: •• • covuinued existence of tlio thirty . tyrant . * . with ti : ¦ H . 'Vv burtr mid the Hohcnzollorn Dioscuri at the . Ik-. 1 . 1 ::: ¦ •;• ¦ •"¦ :. : \\\<\ with the dominion over the subjugated Italia : ; . H ' . ' . '• - » ri . ''• " : and Polish provinces preserved . Thoro aiv i ;) : t . \ v - ••_ . ;' _ - ¦ - ¦ - : this political parry : ultramonranists . tV-udalists . w , : -:.: •¦ ' , >• -. ' of tho jnonarchioal rheory jx / r $ •/>>>/ . : m-l so t ' oirh . Thv second group , the in > derai . e Con-titm : -u-i . > : s . i ' - ' ' thoir hopes not so much in tht- uui ' . 'U a- in tl ;^ riw . iry - .: ' ¦ • - two leruling dynasties . In tho upiir . ' . 'ii < . ' t .: ' . « i li : . : --Prussian governmenr is to : \>* uniQ tli' - iein * ' .-i a Vi ''' ¦ ¦ '•¦•"'•'¦ . , : recenc-rarion in « n ' ue <•{' . and against tUo ' '' . \ : o : ' . s : " ., > : ' . ' . ¦ . ' .. - once put forwnid l > y the court > f \ "i-. ; ir . i . i . l : i ¦ ' ¦ " " - '• ' •* ¦ the e \ on balance hitherto maint . iinvl a - l- * r . » v . ki ¦ : '' ¦ > - " ¦' . ¦ -. ¦ .: ' . the two chiet" iTernian ]••• : > wors is r piw j- ! . ' . e « .- : . ' ¦ ' ¦¦¦ ' . '•' . •' derane-. of the court at Berlin . It' tlii * e . n . n •[ i \ ' > . • ' * ¦ ' ¦ - "• '¦'•• witluni ; the ejection or" the < ronn : in [ -oniou ¦ Y A ,: '" .:. : "• ;> the Uund . or even tho 1 . ' ¦<< of otliv : L c lev ... ] '•' ¦ '•¦•' , ¦ "• " mvisr . neverthelc-ss , in the idea ^ i * - "'' , r . f • 1 '•'¦• ' ' ¦'• ' ¦ Liberal * still be attempted , lr mu * t lo ;;; : o :: ;/ ' ;^ ' " . ' PrnsiUin hegemony bi in _ the iv . ow- or !•> - * ; in' •'• ve * ¦ ;• • • *" we will not say « .. f tiu- niunerioil ; - > : ' . : . vhy . ' ¦'•} ' ^ - ' - •'• ¦ "'¦ many of the in / iizotuhil leaders of tho p . irty a ' . l ' a > ' > - \ . The third group , the Di-nvxr . it-. i \ -r . \* : ' b ' . ; ' . ' . •' - ' ¦ ' ¦? ' ¦'¦' . ' . ' ediriee of ( ieiinau libtrry an'l \ mi ' : i riw . \ t : ; e . r _ -. ¦ < — ¦ ¦ pyramid . b \ u prefvi l . > . ginning w .:: i t ' .. . ¦'¦ .- > . v ; ^ . ^ : :.. " ¦ . • They nre averse at the s . une litiu- t ^ aii , id-M * r-i . .. \ y .. v :.:: ' .-the ' national , i . t .. the FcU-imI ternary . Vr . r . ' .. ;' , '' - ¦ - ¦ . . '• e-njccnlo to' the n . ii-Fe . lcral mei- * waieh av < - > '¦ ' - , Austria . x \\ . \ x is . to tli . » Vono : i " an < . tlu- Hunj . iri . v . * . . : . ' . "' tlie ricrhr r .- > iner ^ t ' . ion-. vlv . * inr - t ! i- ' n \ 'l ^\ : \ ' . ' i ' ¦ ¦• ;

    State Of Pa1mtes In* Germany.

    STATE OF PA 1 UTE 8 I . V GERM AX Y ,

• Citation
  • Leader (1850-1860), Sept. 29, 1860, page 828, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2367/page/4/