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    JUDAICAL CHRISTIANITY.*

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    most amongst which was the Savoy business . Here the Government ' ' n » ' ade its .-. first false- move . At the outset Lord J . . IUtsseix , in the month of January , made his preliminary assertion that the Emperor of the French did not intend to annex Savoy . In February , when again pressed on the same subject , Loi-d . J . BussBi-i qualified his first statement by saying that France only contemplated annexation under certain remote contingencies , and would first summon a Congress . A third declaration made by Lord J . Busseil was to the effect that the annexation would not take place without the eonsent of the Great Powers of Europe . A fourth statement followed on this , that the annexation had taken place in ctefiance of repeated pledges to the contrary ; that confiderice in the French Emperor had been shaken , and that nothing was left to and defied

    England except the admission that she had been cajoled , and to put forth a disregarded protest . Sir Charles Wood was also unlucky in his denials . Early in the session he asserted broadly that no intention existed to establish a paper cm-reney in India ; almost the next mail from Calcutta brought Mr . Wjxson ' s verbose financial statement , one leading feature of which was the establishment of a Government bank of issue . The right honourable gentleman will have to reconcile this apparent contradiction , and we will not anticipate his defence . The new Bills next come under notice . A few of the most prominent can only receive brief indication . A Bill to extend the Protection of the Factory Act to overworked Women and Children was introduced , and to the honour of Parliament , an amendment directed against it was defeated by 226 to 39 . The Criminal Appeal Bill , introduced by Mr . McMahox , was lost , owin ^ to its impractical character . The Church Hates Abolition

    Bill was carried by 264 against 23 L . The Adulteration of Food Bill succeeded in passing through its first stage . The Bill to legalize Divine Services in Theatres and other . places was rejected fcy 161 to 131 . The Endowed Schools' Bill was lost by 190 to 120 . And last—certainly not least — was brought forward the longdelayed , long-promised New Reform ; Bixl , quietly received by all , cordially welcomed by none . Of the ' mass of Bills of minor note , Which ' were introduced and forwarded a stage Of two , nothing . need b ' e said further than to remark that they assist to swell indefinitely the amount of real public business which has ¦ ¦ dis tinguished ; this important session . The special exertions which have devolved on ministers will be found , to bear due -proportion to the labours which more particularly appertained to individual members . We have already noticed the Reform Bill , itself of importance sufficient to demand almost a session for itself . In addition ,

    Ministers have introduced the Army arid Navy Estimates , each of more than usual moment , owing to the exceptional times on which we appear to have fallen . Then the Budget and the French Treaty , with all the endless discussions , debates , and party contests to which they have already led , and which are not yet terminated . It is by these measures that the stability . of the Government has been tested , and on which it has won its triumphs . The first fair fight between the antagonistic parties , the " ins" and the " outs , " look place on the Budget . Mr . Disraeu , as opposition chief , led his troops against the . Government ; the amendment on going into Committee oa the Customs' Acts was the field selected for a real trial of strength . Government came off victorious

    by a majority of 2 l 93 to 230 . The second real assault , more skilful in design and better adapted to party warfare , was Mr , Du Cane ' s motion , on which . Government obtained a second triumph , the majority of the three nights' discussion being 339 to 223 . The third was an abortive failure incurred by Mr . Hgbsmajst , who retired utterly discomfited , the majority on his motion being 282 to 56 . Of course we have only given a bare sketch of the salient features of the doings and deeds in the House of Commons . The by-questions of the Churchward Contract , the Convention with America on the subject of , the atrocities committed in American vessels , the Purchase of Commissions in the Army , need only bo , named as serving 1 to swell the , amount of public business fairly dealt with and disposed of at this early period of the session .

    The Lords have not been behindhand , in their labours . A Bill for the better regulation of Chancery proceedings was brought forward almost as soon as Parliament mot . Then came a fire of questions and discussions on the Savoy annexation , not very much to the advantage of Government . Afterwards the address to Her Majesty pn the Treaty of Commerce with France wns debated , and carried by 63 to 38 ; and , lastly , the Ballot motion was quashed by a majority of 39 over 16 , Upon tho whole , the public , it will be seen , has no cause to complain of either the quantity or quality ot the business which has been brought forward this Session . Lord Palmeesxon has had a ctiflioulfc post t <> hold . He tons kept pretty well in hand hitherto a somewhat heterogeneous ministerial team ; he has hud to curb the restive and to Jure back tho bolters—no sinecure in itself , but it lias been dono with the tact of a veteran .

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    In no department of lottors more than the theological hnve recent obligations to Germany been greater and move undoubted . One of the above works , certain deductions being made , and some qualifications stipnlnted , must bo accepted by us as increasing 1 that debt . We confess that we opened the * volumes with more Ihnn Iho usual critical suspicion . Wo do bo in the case of all theological works ,

    and in the case of all works published in regular series . For there are many temptations to the uncalled-for publication of religious books , -which ' ' do not . '' op ' er-at ' e so strongly in other branches- -of literature . -Hence' the primd fiic . ie . chances against the ¦ inherent -and-new worth of a theological work are greater than in the case . any other . If it be a volume of sermons by an officiating minister more or less popular , his congregation and admirers ensure a certain sale for a book which might not gain success by its Own merits . If it be a system of theology , or a definite commentary by a professor of divinity , his own successive classes of students are glad to possess themselves tangibly and completely of the expounded plan to which they have moulded their whole mode of exposition and clerical These volumes form items in the issue of the , for the most part excellent , " Foreign Theological Library , " for the presentation of which in our vernacular , English biblical scholars are indebted to the enterprise of the Messrs . Clark . Their serial nature ,. also , we have said , makes us look suspiciously on their probable character ; for it is the invariable tendency of such series to deg-enerate . If the speculation pays , there is the most obvious inducement to spin it out to the utmost limits ; to go on publishing , for publishing and paying sake , rather than because the books chosen for reproduction have merit sufficient to have them unlocked from their antique or foreign habiliment . Even in the cases of such serial publications as those * for which the Camden Society was responsible , or the old manuscripts now being disinterred from the vaults of the Record Office by Sir John Romilly and his coadjutors , this sentiment has been widely felt and expressed . This , too , in spite of the most advantageous conditions . The end of . ' these publications is historical , the largest and the most various imaginable ;—for the intrinsically trivial often becomes : the most instructive historically . Monkish maunderlngs and prolix narrations by feudal heralds , illumine , for modern students , whole eras dull and only fitfully . lighted without their lniuute , realistic picturing . A theological series is subject to as decided and special a ; disadvantage , as a historical series has the antithetical circumstance in its : favour . Nine-tenths of the subscribers to the Calvin , Parker , and Wodrow Societies were heartily wearied long ere their shelves were filled with the agreed complement of tomes ; and the overdoing of those series did this further damage , —it set the public against the serial plan altogether , and by a natural reaction caused the failure , of worthy ¦ attempts to extend the plan of joint stock ' re-publication into fields of theology and ecclesiastical literature , where ' much , that was locked up was worth reproduction . . With these considerations affecting : our judgment , we- proceed to ask ,- " Do the contents of : these three works , by the l \ istor of Schkeuditz , and the Professor of theology far off in the German colony of Dorpat , in the Russian empire , entitle them torenublioation iu England ? " In the one ense we answer decidedly , no .. In the other , a summing up of faults we find . ohd excellences we admit , leaves the balance to the latter , and dictates a sincere but not unqualified , yes . Stier ' s expositions are neither fish nor flesh . In . their criticism there seems to us nothing now enough to have merited translation j and in style find literary treatment , there- is none of that " elevation above mediocrity which only eould justify their reproduction for English readers . The Commentary of Dr . Kurtz is the elaborate working out o . f a theory—one in great favour among the extremely orthodox , and which we believe it not difficult to show is at the root of a good deal of . dangerous and despotic opinion in our own days . Heathenism and Judaism were " two series of developments , which , differing : not only in the means , but also iu the purpose and aim of their development , rim side by side ,.-until , in the- ' fulness of time ,, they meet in Christianity , when the peculiar results and fruits of those respective developments are made subservient to its establishment ; and spread . " " Mankind had to bo prepared for salvation , and this salvation prepared for them . * * * / I fence wo see Judaism developed by tho side of Heathenism . The latter was to prepare mankind for salvation , the former salvation for mankind . " This preparation' of salvation /' or mankind , then , constituted tho final cuuso of tho whole Jewish polity , history , sacerdotalism , and general national trniniiitr . The immediate moans and instrument of training was . " the old Covenant , " entered into between thoDivineBeing and the scud of . Abraham . Its re-enactment constituted so mu-ny different stops towards , first , the immediate end of the development of the Jewish nation ; and , second , thofurthur end to which that wasthonie : uis , —the preparation , in Judaism as a matrix , of " salvation for mankind . " Tlio wtqis of tho development wore those . First , there wore the raro and yiiguo declarations of , tho Covenant in antediluvian times ; then tho family or patriarchal period , which was concluded by tho death of Jacob . Tho Egyptian bondage was the first stage in tho development of tho nation , as contradistinguished from tho family .. Tlio simile , or theory , is hero driven to tlio furthest . Kgynt was tlio womb out of which' tho nation was to bo born ; the oppressions of L'hnriiohs and taskmasters , tho labour uud pains preceding parturition ,- Tho Kxodus was tiic birth of tlio Jewish nation . Tho nation being created , tho next stage was its purifujulion , tho making it a holy nation . Thin was fulfilled by tho forty . years ' sojourn in tho Dosort , of which period tho central luct was , tho giving 1 oftjio Law from . Sinui . Tho next ntugo \ v «« tho providing 1 tho nation , thifn nntionali / . od andRunetilloil , wiU » aland , tho essential outward condition of a nationality . Tho lust wao tho working out of their peculiar nationalism , La . tho growth of npycjlUi national char-actor and culture . Tho work j » uneonipletod , or at least ; incomplete , in ycispoot of tho last two stages . For tho tiling voluuio closes upon tho doatln of lilosas , and oro tho foot of tho invading host are dipped in Jordan .

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    354 The Leader ' and'Saturday Ancilyst . [ April 14 / 1860 .

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    * The Words of tho Hiwn Saviour , and ConnHontatu / on . tho Hjiltitlo of St . Sanw . Vy XiVOOLf SWBR , Dr . Thool ., &c . QcUnbur-tfh .: T . & 'J , \ Clark . Jtfistovj / of tho Old Covenant . My J . H . Kujatk , D . D . Tlu-oo volg . Edinburgh s 1 \ k 'S . Olark .

    Judaical Christianity.*

    JUDAICAL CHRISTIANITY . *

• Citation
  • Leader (1850-1860), April 14, 1860, page 354, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2342/page/14/