Current:

Leader (1850-1860), 13th August 1859, Edition 1 of 2, Page 940, Untitled Article

Page 940
Page 16
16 of 24

On this page

  • Text (4)
  • Transcript

    • Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.

      Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.

      Untitled Article

      to that municipal exclusivism which in past tunes paralysed and annihilated all efforts for national progress , and which stilly to some extent , retards the cause of Italian nationality . His comprehensive liberalism has raised up a strong party against him . iVhen the last Mazzinian plot was discovered at Genoa , he was accused , as Minister of the Interior , of great negligence if not of connivance , and public feeling ran very strongly against him . He , however , retained throughput that period the good mil of the King and the confidence of Cavour , and the charges brought against him may be looked upon as mere calumnious reports , raised -. . . - •»• •• . - _ _ _ * .

      by his political opponents , for the furtherance of their own plans . His past services to his country give him a claim to favourable judgment in his present office . As a member of thePiedniontese Cabinet at a time of trying perplexity like the present , bis position is a most unenviable one . The Piedmontese seem indisposed to cpnfide in him or rely upon his ministerial capabilities to the extent wnich is his due ; but , in fact , it is doubtful if they would be satisfied with any one in place of Count Cavour . Under existing circumstances it is utterly impossible that Kattazzi can offer his counsel to the King , and guide the actions of Victor Emmanuel to the satisfaction of either

      himself or his sovereign . The Kmg is at present in a state of dependence upon Napoleon HI . The conqueror of Solferirio thought proper to sign the preliminaries of peace independently of his brave ally , and the Re gralantuomo was fain to receive I / ombardy as a gift frdm : France instead of obtaining Italy as the Italians hoped . If the latter object were one capable of attainment , the ready talents and good will of Rattazzi would eminently fit hiin to avail himself of any circumstance which might hereafter tend to its realisation . The tune may , perhaps , not be far distant when it will be perceived that Italian nationality

      is as pressing a want for Europe as for Italy—t an object as essential to the peace of the world as of the Peninsula . While awaiting with deep anxiety the issue of the political events of the next few days or weeks , we would bear the past in memory , and nourish hopes for the ultimate success of those who think and act for the good of Italy . In spite of all that has been or may be alleged against him by adverse political parties , Signor Urbano Kattazzi has a right to be placed among the men most remarkable for political uprightness , fidelity to the King , and devotion to the cause of Italian independence .

      Untitled Article

      MAZZINI ON THE STATE OF EUROPE . Joseph Mazzini has addressed a long letter to the daily papers , in which he states : — There is nothing worse than a policy of fear towards a Power equal to you in strength , but not really friendly . Louis Napoleon divined the source of that policy , and prosecuted with greater audacity his own designs . . The Crimean war was for him only the means of ensuring that a treaty of peace should be signed in Paris , and of opening the way for an understanding with Russia . No sooner had he gained his object than he ( l | hastened , as he has now ,. to conclude an insecure peace for his ally , and which was declared to be premature by , English public opinion . Ho aggravated the hostility between England and Russia , and

      the secret negotiations with the Czar began soon After ,. As in the Crimean war , so in the war in Italy . Louis Napoleon sought the means of a new alliance with ^ Austria . The traditional pride of the Austrian , monarchy could only be subdued upon the field of battle . " Our war , ' ho said to Count Cavour , in the conferences at Plombieres , " will only last seven weeks ; after a defeat Austria will offer again the conditions of 1848 , and we shall accept thorn . The Powers dare not interfere . " Count Cavour , sincerely or not little matters , gave his adherence , and made of the national Italian Men a steppingstone to the Austro-ltusso-lfrench alliance . But as

      to the Lombard war—are , the partition between the three members of the alliance of the Mahometan possessions m Europe and Africa , and war with England . If Austria did not accept the proposals of Villafranca , the plan was to have been executed in a modified manner between the Czar and the Emperor . Hungary , emancipated from Austria , would fall to Constantine ; the Mediterranean , converted into a French lake , to the Emperor . Russia ¦ was to be , directly or indirectly , mistress of the north and of the east of Europe * Imperial France of the west and of the south . At present the agreement of the three changes the idea of partition , and limits , as I said , the next step to the dismemberment of Oriental Europe , and to the war against England and Prussia . j . ™ iK— TnmiKrtitrl -m-rtw « ^^ rt ^ rt + li /\ *\ WY * f if Vtaf i « ronn -fVlO

      I declare , not from conjecture more or less probable , but from certain knowledge of the fact , the existence of this plan . I declare that it was discussed at Plombieres—I declare that the bases of agreement between the Emperor and the Czar , concerning the East , were carried back by La * Ronciere to Paris in his last mission , shortly before the Sardo-Lombard war . Those live in Europe who know the truth of what I say , and ought to substantiate it , but they will not ; nor is it for me to betray those who choose to be silent .

      Morally , neutrality is the abandonment of every function , of every mission , of every duty which is to be fulfilled on earth ; it is mere passive existence , forgetfulness of all that sanctifies a people , the negation of the common right of nations , egotism raised to a principle—it is political atheism . A people cannot limit its own free action without falling , without denying the progress which God calls it to advance . Politically , the neutrality of a State is its nullification . It does not diminish a single danger , but condemns a State to confront it in isolation . History points to States that neutrality has drawn into ruin—Venice , for example ; not one that neutrality has saved from war or invasion . " Media via , " said Titus Livius , " guce nee amicos perdit nee inimicos tollit . " By inscribing a negation upon its own flag , a nation does not avoid death , but adds dishonour to it .

      Louis : Napoleon' land Jihe'Czar" intend to ? avail themselves , for iheif own ends , of " this principle . It must be taken from them , and the oppressed nationalities must not , from despair of getting assistance from others , be permitted to throw themselves at the feet of Imperialism . Louis Napoleon and the Czar intend to substitute the territorial question for that of liberty . Europe must guarantee liberty to the peoples . A league , headed by England , which , uniting in one , England , Prussia , Germany , Belgium , Holland , T . milS . "NVlTi iSl d ^ fiH TITIfi T . ll'n VJMXfll * ih + TOrWI .- + A * ownt

      Switzerland , Portugal , Spain , and the other minor states of Europe , should declare itself guarantee of the independence aiid liberty of every State , in whatever concerns its internal affairs , and ready to protect even by force of arms that liberty and independence against any invader whatsoever , would radically destroy the plans of Imperialism , would withdraw the peoples for ever from its seductions , would render new wars impossible from its numerical force , and would isolate the empire , condemning it to fight for its existence in France .

      Such a league is nbt only possible , but easy . All Europe is now afraid of the invading tendencies of Imperialism .

      I do not speak of a war of contrary interests , I speak of a war of opposite principles . On one side is the flag of liberty , right , truth , and good ; on the other , that of tyranny , absolute power , falsehood and . e . yil . On one side they fight for freedom of thought , for . the inviolability of conscience , for the fraternal association of the peoples ; on the other , for the destroying the freedom of thought and conscience , for unjust conquests for enthroning brute force as the governing principle of the world . And you , free and strong nations , you who declare yourselves believers in truth and justice , and repeat for eighteen centuries the Christian formula , all men are sons of God , and all brothers , you say , Between good and evil we will remain neutral , indifferent spectators I It is the speech of Cain . Any people who adopts or teaches it ought no longer to dare to

      call itself Christian- —that people , practically , is a people of atheists or cowards . Cowardly and atheistical was the formula uttered by Casimir Perier during the reign of Louis Philippe—chacun pour soi , chacun chez soi—neutrality is only the practical application of that formula . The doctrine of neutrality ^—of indifference betwe ' en the two principles , liberty and despotism-: —was inaugurated by Canning , in his discourse of the 28 th April , 1823 . From that time forward England has progressed in the path which leads to isolation . She has not , at the present time , a single ally amongst the peoples or Governments upon whom , in the hour of real danger , she can rely with confidence . The Governments know her to be useless for their designs ; the peoples accuse her of egotism . * * * * * Imperialism is the most urgent danger of Europe , Europe must combat it—conquer , or die in the attempt . The only way to destroy it is by isolating it , and snatching from it the arms with which it is preparing to conquer Europe . These arms are tho principles of nationality , I need not insist upon the power of the prinoiplo ; it is sufficiently proved by tho facts . Agitations , diplomatic conferences , insurrections , war—all have originated , in tho last quarter of a century , from this

      principle . All point , as a political axiom , to the inevitable remodelling of tho map of Europe . In the awakening races , which constitute tho Turkish empire in Europe , and the restless subjects of the Austrian empire , lies the secret of the powor of Czarlsnv , tho thrill of re-awakening Italy has excited Louis Napoleon to the Italian war , and has soon aftor hastened tho peace of Villafranoa . Without a resettlement of Europo in accordance with the natural tendencies of tho peoples , there is no peace , no possibility of fraternal association .

      -soon as the Italian national idea , emancipating itself from the plan , pointed to wards unity and disappointed the dynastic ambition of Louis Napoleon , ho hastened on the peace , he proposed what in tho first idea he was to have accepted . The peace of villafranca is tlie inauguration of a new holy alliance between the three Powers which now represent despotism in Europe , Imperial France , ItUBijift , and , Austria . Tito aim of the alliance— they are phrases uttered at PlombWres and nt Stuttgart , Is t , o Jmperlalise Europe , making themselves master , iwor ^ toiWsi ^ itVof the nfttionftlidea , and sul > - otltutlng the'territorial question to the question of liberty . The moans—and thli will bo the next step

      Untitled Article

      On Monday morning the Prince of "Wales visited the Botanical Gardens , and assisted at the transplanting of a larch tree from the plain to the hilly part of the gardens , the larch tree is of exactly the same age as his lioyal Highness—eighteen years . Prince Alfred , attended by Major Coweli , left Buckingham Palace on Monday evening for Holyrood Palace , on a visit to the Prince of "Wales .

      Prince Louis of Bavaria , brother of the l ^ ni press of Austria , is about to marry ( morganatically ) Mdlle . Mendel , a Jewess , the daughter of a jeweller .. The lady will assume the . title of Baroness de Walhersee . There will be no official reception on the occasion of the fete of the 15 th of August , the Emperor intending to set out immediately for the Pyrenees . It is expected that he will stay a fortnight at St . Sauveury when the court goes into the country , the Empress going straight on to Biarritz .

      Most of the German princes are now enjoying leisure at various places . The King of Wurteruburg is at Baden-Baden ; the Grand Duke of Baden at Mainan , on the banks of the Lake of Constance ; and the Grand Duke of Hesse is paying a visit to the ex-King Louis of Bavaria at the Chateau of LeQpoldskron . A vacancy has taken place among tho Naval Knights of Windsor , by the demise of Lieutenant George Hurst , R . N ., who died on Saturday last at his residence at Southsea . The gallant officer was appointed in 1838 . A communication from Cherbourg states that the imperial yacht the Aigle will leave that port on the 16 th for Biarritz , to be in attendance on the Emperor and Empress for their excursions at sea during the season .

      A Tetter from Kissengen states that M . do Bieski , the gentleman who insulted the Trussian Minister at the table d'hote of the Kurhaus , has been condemned to twelve days' imprisonment , and to banishment from the kingdom of Bavaria at the end of that period . The death of Mr . F . Zollingcr ,. well known for his scientific and ethnographical researches in the Indian Archipelago , is recorded as having taken p lace at Probelingo on the 19 th of May ; The Late Loiu > Minto . —The funeral of the

      Earl of Minto took place in a pnvato inunncr on Saturday . Tho , remains of his lordship rest in tho vault beneath the parish church of Minto . Miss Florence Nightingale , who read a paper on the « Management of Hospitals" ut the last meeting of the Social Science Association in Liverpool , has presented tho MS . of the paper to tho corporation of that town . It will be carefully preserved amongst the corporate archives . Tho Era says that immediately aftor his marriage . Mr . Albert Smith convoyed his happy brJdo to has " mountain homo " at Chamouni , whore ,. beneath tho BucTffostive shadow of tho mighty Mont

      Blanc , they -will pass tho honeymoon . The correspondent of a contemporary says : - «• Allow me to call your attontion to a remarkable suspension of work- » we certainly can't call it a strike , which took place on Sunday . Big Bon , instead of striking twice at two o ' clock p . m . struck only once , and then kept holiday till past midnight . Whether he wished to follow the builders movement , and only to work for nine hours , or whether ho means never to give tongue on Sunday , I ' m sure I can't toll $ certain it Is ho only did soven liours worlf ; yesterday , and Mr . IPitzroy will have to glvo him notice to quit it he doosn'fc behave liiuisoH bettor . "

      Untitled Article

      Q 40 THE LEADER . [ No ,, 490 ,,, . A ^ g , ia , JL 8 &L * ¦¦ i ¦ '¦ i i j inn

      Untitled Article

      FACTS AND SCRAPS . _ ^^^

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), Aug. 13, 1859, page 940, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2307/page/16/