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    THE LEADER .

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    The official and semi-official organs of the French Government this week enlarge upon the measures taken by Louis Napoleon to carry out his programme of disarmament , which example we presume that potentate expects to be followed by the surrounding European powers . Prussia * for example , must be gratified to . know that the edict has gone forth for the dissolution of the army of observation on the Rhine ; while the much-ridiculed alarm of the English Government and people ought surely to disappear before the announcement in the Mbniteur de la Flotte of

    thesquadrons that are to be reduced to a peace footing . In addition to these peaceable demonstrations , we are informed that M . de Morny , the most trusted servant of the Emperor , has called together the directors of the French railways , in order to hint to them the sovereign ' s desire to see a continuance of those works , of progress , and that outlay of capital to which war is admitted to be a hindrance . The Count took the opportunity to break the news of a . fresh loan , by announcing to the assembled financiers and capitalists the intention of his master to raise more money , not to be employed , he assured them , in new regiments and rifled cannon , but in the service of

    peace . At present , unfortunately for the restoration of confidence , the actual measures taken by the Imperial Government do not very satisfactorily agree with the declarations so demonstratively issued . To the ordonruznee with regard to the Rhine army of observation are affixed sundry directions which appear to have the effect of merely shif ting , in a slight' degree , the position of the troops , without in the least affecting their efficiency for hostile purposes , or reducing their actual numbers . With regard to the supposed naval inductions , it appeal's that the few ships included in the decree are to be laid ! up in ordinary in a very different manner to that in use in our own navyr—with all their guns and stores complete on board , and their

    ammunition on the quays ready for immediate shipmentwhile the men are dismissed on furlough , but by means of the irisortption can at any time be recalled to their ships at a few days notice j the result being , that the French Government is spared the expense of keeping their ships and men afloat , while , with the money saved thus , tho defences of the French coast and ports are to be rendered impregnable to future Nelsons or Cochranes . There " is too much reason to fear that tho feeling of tho French army and of the populace in the largo towns is acquiring a tone of bitterness against this country which must preoipitate a quarrel , should occasion unhappily arise to embroil the relations between France and England .

    the whole system of government in India as utterlj bad , and carried on at ruinous expense ; he protested against the system of centralisation , and recommended the division of the empire inta separate and independent governments . On the subject of tlie workmen ' s strikes , the opinion oi Lord Brougham was given , as an old and true friend of the working man , that the existing combinations must be repressed for the general good of society , since their effect was to place the welldisposed craftsman under the tyrannical authority of the designing and selfish agitator . He thought

    that an English Conseil des Prud'hommes might be established with advantage . The subject of electoral corruption gave Mr . Roebuck an opportunity for some biting sarcasms against those so-called Liberals , who , after heaping charges of corruption with such circumstantial details upon Lord Derby ' s friends , had now been convicted of political profligacy , which he declared , surpassed what was seen in the rotten boroughs before 1830 . Returning to this subject at a later periodjof the week , the hon . member for Sheffield drew from the House an acknowledgement of the

    impropriety of allowing a compromise by means of an acceptance of the Chiltern Hundreds , when conviction for bribery was unavoidable . A great part of the week has been devoted to the subject of supply , in the course of which , some interesting discussion has been evolved on the provision made for fostering the fine arts in the metropolis , and on the vexed question of Gothic or Italian for the style of the new Government offices . We learn that no decision will be arrived at until the next session of Parliament . The disputes which have commenced within the last fortnight between employers and workmen involve social results oi the most important character . Happ il y the strike among gosworkers , has been brought to a peaceable conclusion ;

    their French conquerors , would be but an aftair of a few short weeks . The triumphal entry of the army of Italy into Paris is not , we now learn , to take place upon the fete Napoleon , but upon the day previous ; and for some unknown , but doubtless well-founded reason , the conqueror of Solferino will not lead the procession through the fauxbourgs of Paris , but will pass the troops in review in front of the triumphal of

    column in the Place Vendome . The pageant the following day will not include the poor remains of the son of the first Napoleon as was at first intended ; . the bones of Reichstadt rest for the present with his German ancestors at Schonbrunn , until they shall be demanded on the part of Napoleon III . His father ' s brother will not escort them to their French grave , for old Jerome is sick and near his end , and the office of guardian is to be confided to one of the followers of the new empire — -the French Pole , Walewski .

    Unwillingly has Victor Emmanuel withdrawn his commissioners from the Italian duchies , and ferventl y have the inhabitants of those states appealed to him and to his lieutenants not to desert the cause of liberty . The provisions of the Villa Franca convention were stringent , however , and the King has been compelled to obey them . The feeling in Central Italy is indignantly expressed , and preparations are being made in the puchies and the Romagna to call together the parliaments of those states , that their refusal to the return of the Austrian princes may be firmly and constitutionally enunciated by the representatives of the people . At Modena the Sardinian commissioner Farini has resigned his authority in obedience to

    the orders of his sovereign ; but at the same tune has responded to the call of his fellow Italians , and , to preserve order , has boldly accepted the title of dictator conferred upon him by the citizens of the state , resolving to exercise the power of that office till such time as the national will shall have been constitutionally expressed as to the government it will accept . The Duke , we learn , is threatening his former subjects with the tender mercies of a . host of mercenaries , who , with the Papal troops , should they also be sent to his assistance , will meet with a warm reception from the united forces of the Italian volunteers with G-arbaldi at their head , should a restoration by the strong hand be attempted . In such a case , Europe will see to what extent the French Emperor will respect that expression of " national will , " by which he boasts that lie holds his own crown .

    the unreasonable demands of the workmen were met with promptness , and they have been convinced of their futility , if not of their injustice . The threatened general strike among building operatives , on the other hand , appears hkely to be characterised by such unyielding obstinacy on . both sides , that ib can only result in the exhaustion of the weak in both parties , and , unless happ il y arranged , must inevitably produce wide-spread miserv before its , conclusion . While the

    workmen ' s demands have been characterised by an arbitrary aggressiveness to which it was . impossible that the masters could submit , it is evident twat the masters , by entirely closing their works , have involved the workmen who aro not members or tne combination , in the same punishment wlucli it was intended to inflict upon tho Unionists , and wiU thereby inevitably cause many honest men to join the movemont who would otherwise have held aloof . For the sake of all concerned , and contemplating tho inoonvonienoo nnd ) injury to tuo public generally , it is to be hoped that conciliatory terms may be ottered and accepted speedily . The accounts from India nfc tho beginning oi tno wook wero of a most alarming charaoter , with respect to tho late Company ' s army , and tho extreme stons to which the so-oalled mutineers had

    At homo , the discussion of the Indian budget in the House of Commons has been the most important topic of the week , and has given riso to gloomy forebodings on the part of aoine members of that assembly , which are shared by no inconsiderable portion of tho public . Sir Charles Wood demanded and obtained powers to raise a loan of five millions , which ho acknowledged would only servo as a temporary alleviation of the difficulty . Tho

    prospect , said ouv new Indian minister , is discouraging but not utterly hopeless ; indeed he thought that u wo could but tide over tho next two or three years , India nifly become prosperous as before the outbreak of the mutiny . Lord Stanley thinks that present retrenchment in our Indian expenses is impossible , and ho very clearly pointed out the necessity and justice of Imperial assistance to cover the present deficiencies of the Indian revenue . Mr . Bright , us usual , condemned

    resorted . As wo write , however , news Jjuia arrived which somewhat neutralises the prcoeding intelligence ; the mon at Berhamporo nave returned to their duty , and tho recruits at Barrackpare have peaceably accepted , the discharge offered to ' them .

    Meanwhile , under the strict censorship to which the French press must bow , the Constifntionnel rails at the fears and precautions of England and Prussia , ridiculing tno timid cotton-spinners of " Liverpool" and the greasy citizens of London and Berlin ; informing them at the sumo time that the magnanimity of tho groat French diotator is their eafogu ' ard , but for wbioh their reduction to me humbly for favourable terms at the foot of

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    Untitled Article

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• Citation
  • Leader (1850-1860), Aug. 6, 1859, page 903, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2306/page/3/