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Leader (1850-1860), 9th July 1859, Edition 1 of 2, Page 812, Untitled Article

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      Untitled Article

      is residing in Paris , conducted all the preliminary steps . Overtures "were made to him which he had to Communicate to Kossuth , and hehas therefore of late been , constantly to and fro between the two countries . For some time he found it impossible to bring about an understanding :. Kossuth required guarantees of the good faith of the Emperor which his Majesty hesitated to give , and it was at last resolved at Paris to send Kossuth a message that a deterraihaion had been formed to raise H ungary with or without his aid . Kossuth replied that in that case he would issue an address to the Hungarian nation , warning them not to believe the Emperor ' s assurances . This proved decisive . Kossuth was invited

      to Paris * and left London for that city a few days before the departu re of his Majesty for the army , He was received at the Tuileries by the Emperor , and certain defi ned conditions were then agreed to . These were—1 . That tlie Emperor should give Kossuth a corps d ' drmee and arms and ammunition t o any extent required . 2 . That the Emperor should issue the first proclamation to the Hungarian nation , and that this should be followed by one from Koasuth . 3 . That in case of Hungary rising and freeing her self from Austria , France should be the first officially to recognise the independence of the country , and should then obtain the same recognition from her allies . 4 . That the Emperor should alloir

      Hungary , without interference on his part to choose her own form of government , and to elect for _ sovereign the person she may deem most desirable . 5 . That the formation of a Hungarian legion should commence immediately . And lastly , that , as a token of agreement to the foregoing , the Emperor Napoleon should place 3 , 000 , 000 f . at Kossuth ' s disposal , the management of which , Kossuth having deelined to accept it , has been placed under the Hungarian Committee now acting at Genoa . Simultaneously with the adoption of this arrangement Kossuth received instructions to return to England , and to agitate for the mainteinance of a strict neu > trality—a task ^ vhich th e public are aware he faithfully fulfilled . Having delivered several public speeches in this country , he then left for Italy , and him is that

      the latest intelligence , with regard to ; , accompanied by Colonel Nicholas Kiss and Major Figyelmesy , he was on his way to the French headquarters . In conclusion , it is necessary to remark that only two or three days after the conditions with Kossuth were agreed to , Count Walewski gave , it is understood , to Lord Cowley the most positive assurances that it is not the intention of the Emperor Napoleon to make use of any revolutionary elements . But , although that statement appears to have been totally at variance with the preceding facts , it is not the business of kjokerson to attempt to explain the paradox . It is enough to say that the commitments of the Emperor are believed to be clear arid unqualified , and that it is not likely that it will be denied .

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      PRUSSIAN WAR PREPARATIONS . It is stated tliat the proposals made by Prussia in the extraordinary sitting of the Federal Diet on the 4 th inst . were the following : <—1 , The junction of the 9 th and 10 th corps d ' arme ' e to the Prussian army . 2 , The appointment to the comniand-inchief of . the four non-Prussian and non-Austrian Federal corps d ' armee , 3 , The placing of all reserve contingents in readiness to march . On Thursday in the sitting of the Federal Diet Austria proposed that the whole Federal Contingent should be mobilised , and that the Prince Regent of Prussia should be requested to assume the conunandin-ehief of it .

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      GARIBALDI . Recent advices from Berne relate further successes of this general . A corps of from 3 , 000 to 3 , 500 Ty-Volese Chasseurs had been threatening theValtelline 1 , but several colums of Garibaldi ' s and CUdldioi's corps had ropulscd them from Bormio anfl driven * them as far as the first part of the Stelvio Pass . The Austrians suffered considerable joss . General Garibaldi ' s loss was ten peverely wounded , audCial-. dini'a was three killed and four wounded .

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      COUNT WALEWSKFS CIRCULAR . The circular which Count Walewski has addressed to , the French diplomatic agents abroad upon the attitude of Germany , professes that the Prussian preparations for defence give the French Govern--ment no anxiety , seeing that they only intend the protection of Germany . He speaks eulogistically of the conduct of England in trying 1 to dissuade the Gorman Governments from making : cominon cause vrl % h Austria against Franco , ' " WTthput , " Bays this circular , «? knowing yet officially the , disposition of the new Ministers of her Britannic Majesty , wo are authorised from their speeches in the discussion which brought them to power to draw conclusions the most favourable to Italian independence , and we have the flrra persuasion that the wishes of the English Government , nke the aid of its Influence ,

      are directed to the solution which we are seeking ourselves . " ;——<—

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      The Pkench * n Cochin-China . —Tl \ o jtfoniteur contains a dispatch from Saigen , dated April 22 nd , which says : — - "' We have attacked the army of Annarn , 10 , 000 strong . Before defeating the enemy we took a fort mounting 19 cannon or swivel guns . The loss of the enemy was 500 killed , our loss 14 killed and 30 wounded , seven of them severely . '" Fjibkoju Akmamknth . — " Wo learn from Paris that the Minister of Marine is engaged with redoubled activity upon the maritime armaments , The ocean fleet is to bo increased from ton to twelve vossole , and the arsenals of Cherbourg , Brest , and Toulon have received orders to construct a certain number of now transports , intended to receive 6 , 000 men each , to bo ready within tlio course of * four months . Paris : Sunday ' s Tb Drum . —A description of the procession to Notre Dame appears in nil the Paris correspondent ' s letters . In one wo read : —¦ ' « The Empress was attired all in white , nnd looked ns lovely as is her wont t nevertheless , there were not a few amongst the crowd who camo out to « ce the show who expressed aloud the great pleasure it would have been to the wives and mothers of the shun to have beheld her in a mourning coach ,

      repairing to Notre Dame to pray for the souls untimely called away , rather than to rejoice m the slaughter of other sons and husbands , who- have left behind them hearts as crashed and broken as their own . The combination of this grand public procession , together with the celebration of the octave of the Fete Dieu within the churches , has given Paris an air of Pagan festivity , which carries one quite back to the days 6 f ancient Greeee and Roma The church doors are open , and a southern sun is streaming through the windows , whence the incense

      is escaping and floating in perfumed clouds over the heads of the people gathered without . Long trains of children in white veils and robes , holding the sacred banners by streamers of sky-blue silk , arebeheld within ; others , bearing caskets of rose leaves , which they toss into the air at certain pauses inthe music , march before the host ; and at St . Roch , for the first time , are the chorister boys crowned with garlands of red roses and snow-whitejessamine . There is wanting but the milk-white heifer with the gilded horns to make the scenecomplete . "

      Peace Talk in Paris . —A Paris letter contains the following : — " The unanimous belief in an approaching arrangement is owing to the unanimous idea of Louis Napoleon being entirely in its favour . The terms on which it might be negotiated are continually being discussed . Immense concessions in Turkey are spoken of quite coolly by those whose connection with the Foreign-office would lead one tosuppose them to be well informed . The fact is , and not even French amour propre has sought to deny it , that in every case victory has been obtained over the Austrians in spite of the strategical

      blundersmade by the allies , and never due to the superior skill displayed by their generals . The great elanof the soldiers—the complete command which French : fighting men possess over the weapons given thera to fight with , the independence of each individual in action to use the intelligence given to him to the best advantage , according to the exigencies of the moment , accomplished both at Magenta and Solferinoa triumph which the want of skill on the part of the officers in both instances did jeopardise most cruelly . This opinion you will find morethan once hinted at in the journals , and is openly expressed by everyone . .

      Paris and London . —A Pans letter shows that what we have been so long talking about in London , is being quietly done in France and Germany : — " The termination of the great conductor beneath the pavement of Paris is regarded as an immense success l > y the engineers connected with the enterprise . This gigantic drain is considered one of the wonders of modern engineering , and is destined , it appears , to form the great artery of a system of sewerage which has long been in contemplation both for the salubrity of tlie city and for economy at the same time . Two of these stupendous drains are

      tobe constructed in a line parallel with the Seine , and to conduct the refuse waters of the city into a vast reservoir , whence they are to be disseminated as liquid manure over the most barren of the plains round Paris . The system adopted is that experimentalised at Berlin with such eminent success that the sandy plains in the midst of which that city is situated have been converted , within the space of a few years , into the richest meadow land in the whole of Northern Germany . The new system , which will come into action in October , is considered one of tlie greatest benefits conferred as yet upon the inhabitants of Paris by its very liberal municipality .

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      The Russians in Asia . —Sixty thousand Russians have been sent , against Khiva vid the Caspian Sea . Persia has given her assent to the expedition , the object of which is to reduce the Turcomans to submission . — - ,

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      WAR MOVEMENTS IN RUSSIA . A ilettbb has been received from St . Petersburg , dated the 23 rd of June ,. which announces that the first three corps of . the First Army , under the orders of Prince Gortschakoff ,. have been placed on the war footing . These corps are at present quartered in the Governments of Novgorod , Po-kuir , and Wilna .. The 5 th corps of the Second Army , at present in Bessarabia , has likewise been placed on a war footing . The general staff of the latter corps is at Odessa , under the orders of General Besak , who is actively engaged in organising it for active service . The Invalide liusse , of the same date , publishes an order of the day , signed by the Minister of War , by which superior officers and others on unlimited leave of absence are ordered to join their regiments . The Emperor has , moreover , decreed that he permits officers on half-pay , -who had not served in the Crimean war , to resume active service among the troops now placed On tho war footing . The Emperor has approved the new law of conscription for the kingdom of Poland . Henceforth recruits are to be raised in Poland in the same way as in Russia , A levy of recruits is shortly expected . Trade is dull at St . Petersburg , and the accounts received from Odessa are equally discouraging .

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      CONSEQUENCES OF THE PERUGIA MASSACRE . Notwithstanding the disti nct approval by the French Government of the Pope ' s conduct . at Perugia , conveyed in the cottimiinique to the Siecle , the latest letters from Turin mention , as a consequence of King Victor Emmanuel being prevented from sending M . Massimo d'Azeglib as a commissary to Bologna , that the Roman oflicers in the Piedmontese army are " organising a corps to defend the cities of the Roman states which are threatened by the

      mercenaries in the pay of the Pope . " The Neapolitan general Mezzo-Cappo is expected to march shortly , at the head of a force of six or seven thousand men . "to defend the revolted towns of the legations . " Here is a complicated situation , if ever there was one . It is not to be supposed that the Emperor of the French will send an army tb fight against Roman soldiers who are detached from the army of his ally , the King of Sardinia , for the express purpose of protecting the independence of the Papal towns which have risen against the Government of the cardinals . And yet , if the French do not interfere , tlie Swiss Guards , whom the Minister of the Interior commends , will be driven out of

      Perugia by a revolutionary force . The liidependance Beige says : — " The outrageous conduct of the Swiss Guards ; at Perugia is already producing disastrous consequences for the temporal government of the Holy See . At Bologna the provisional junta has published a proclamation recalling all the young men who have enlisted under the flag of Italian independence ; because , says the proclamation , if it is a civic duty to take up arms to liberate one ' s country , there is a greater and more urgent duty still—that of defending our hearths arid homes ; In Piedmont and Tuscany public indignation has reached such a pitch , that even the clergy are constrained openly to take part with it . The Court of Rome will very probably find reason to regret the rewards and eulogiums which it has lavished upon the conquerors of Perugia . "

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      812 THE LEADED [ No . 485 . July 9 , 185 ^

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      Wbst Indies . —We have news from- Hayti to tho 5 th of June . The health of tho country was good , and tranquillity prevailed . A movement was on foot to extend the term of office and enlarge tlio powers of the President .

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      TUKKKV—PftOJJBCrJSD TOUR OF TIU 3 Sl / JCTAN . — Tho Divan , has decided that reasons of state require ; tho presenco of the Sultan in Egypt and ho will therefore leave lor that country immediately after tlio fetes of tho JMierain . Great and magnificent preparations are being made for his journey It is said that the Sultan will subsequently visit Candia , where the populur agitation l > u « rendered fresh reinforcements necessary . In tlio Danubian Principalities tho news of tlio victories gained by the Allies has produced much enthusiasm among the people . Tho Porto is in fear of demonstrations in favour of a complete union .

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      Danish Nkutrawtt . — -The Danish Government has replied as follows to a demand of the society of merchants : — "Even if the contingent of "Holstein be obliged to join in the war , tho Danish government will nevertheless maintain the neutrality oi Denmark and Schlcswig , to which resolution the Great powers have already agreed . Tho Government aims at obtaining from the great powers additional sanction to an uncontested neutrality . "

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), July 9, 1859, page 812, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2302/page/8/