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    ardent desire , ilie fervent prayer of every Hungarian . The constitution of Hungary is as ancient as that of England , dating from the beginning of the 13 th century ; and from that time , through all the stages of constitutional progress and national development , our sympathies have been intimately connected with England , whose favoured position and constitutional life procure for her the glory of being the most prosperous and powerful of all the nations : while Hungary , unhappily situated , surrounded by strange elements , by German , Sclavonic , and Turkish nationalities , became the bulwark of Christendom , and was the seat of desolating wars during centuries , shedding her most noble blood for Christianity , for civilization , for the safety of Europe . We struggled in the darkness of a sanguinary age for light and life , and , thanks to our constitution , our

    language , our nationality , our progress , was saved . It is only a few years since we were deprived of that sacred relic of our ancestors . Our prosperity , our happiness are undermined , and if ever Hungary felt the loss and appreciated the blessings of constitutional freedom it is at the present moment , when the fate of nations is trembling in the balance . What a glorious mission awaits England , should peace be inscribed on her banners ! What misfortunes and national calamities miglit be averted by her advising [ a misguided monarch ( who is even now perhaps under the delusion that the prosperity of Hungary is not destroyed under the same reyime that bids fair to deprive him of his Italian dominions ) to win the sympathies of a nation of fifteen millions by restoring to it its ancient constitutional life .

    The able Vienna correspondent of a contemporary writes in the following strain , which tallies in some degree with the above : — " The Minister of the Interior still clings to the idea , thiit the principle of strict centralization may be maintained , but the Magyars laugh him to scorn , and openly declare that the present state of things cannot last . The Hungarians being a loyal race are hot very likely to listen , to the blandishments of Kossuth and Klnpka , but still it would be good- policy to endeavour to satisfy them . A short time ago they would probably have been content with trifling concessions , but they have now changed their tone , and talk of the absolute necessity of a provincial representation , with a rierht to exercise a certain degree of control

    over the expenditure . Persons of respectability have assured me that the Mngynrs would , if an opportunity presented itself , renounce their allegiance to the Emperor , but I . give little credit to such information , as the Hungarians are in general good politicians , and know that they cannb ? make head against the Slavonic races by whom they are surrounded , unless they are in intimate connexion with the Germans . Thu wrong done to the Protestants in Hungary is one of the causes of the disaffection which prevails in that province , and some time ago the Emperor told the Archduke Albreoht that the matter should bo speedily and satisfactorily settled . " But Jesuit influence ha ? , it is supposed , prevented this desirable reform .

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    WAR INCIDENTS . Aerial Strategics . —The present -war has introduced several novelties into military matters , and aniongt others , the use of a balloon to ascertain . the position of the enemy . The brothers God : ird , aided by the French artillerymen , inflated their balloon , and made an ascent of 800 or 900 metres , at Castenedolo , between Brescia and Montechiaro , and by this the Allies learnt that the Austrian army had left the surrounding plains , or , if not , had hidden itself in a most extraordinary manner . This being ascertained , the former immediately pushed forward vigorously . _ „ .

    War Prices . —The porters at Genoa , of whom the French army employed a large number , were engaged to work from 4 a . m . to C p . m . ; certain intervals allowed for rest and feeding , at the handsome wages of 6 f . —say 5 s . —a-day . They certainly had plenty to do , aiidi by grumbling and threatening to strike , raised their wages to 8 f . and finally to li ) f , ( 8 s . 2 d . ) a-day , which is enormous pay for Italy . But , not content with this , a body clubbed together to drive matters to an extremity , and stuck out for twice that sum , a demand which has been very wisely met by the organisation of a corps of " blouses" from France , of whom 400 havo arrived .

    An Italian Town in War Time . —The first great feature , says a Verona correspondent , which strikes the observer is the absence of all trade and private traffic , with the exception of that which satisfies the immediate wants of men . There is unceasing activity at taverns and wineshops . JJi . shovelled waiters , who have not had time to clean themselves , are called upon to satisfy fifty customers . all clamorous to be served ait once . " My coiioe , ' " My cutlet , " resound , from every side , responded to by n feeblo " Subito" from the yrotchel men , who scarcely know whom to attend to . Beyond this and an occasional mob at a baker 8 greengrocer ' s , butcher ' s , or tobacconist s there aio no signs of commercial life . There are soldier * everywhere , in the streets , in tho lanes , in trie squares : in the liousos you qun boo them lounging out of all the windows . Ammunition waggons roll heavily lit the street ; the cank : pt sabres is more heard than any other sound . Thoro is u theatre , but it is full of soldiers . They Ho in the pit ami la the boxofl , and fill the stage . It is a theatre whore there is no public and all are actors . 1 here Is a well-known Kcunan ampliithpatro in Verona . It is ono of the lions of the place , and I wont to seo it . The arena vras filled by a purty of Lancers , who lounged on the stone steps , while in the vaults boncath wero securely and coolly housed some hundreds of horses ^

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    Discoxtkkt in the Tvkol . —By private letters from the Tyrol , wo learn that great discontent prevails in that most loyal of Austrian Crown lnuds , ^ ind that the people display no inclination to take up . arms in defence of the country . "We contribute our share to the maintenance of an enormous standing army , " say they , " and do not see why wo should quit house and homo in order to defend Iho frontiers against tho enemy . " The Tyrpleso have always been given to grumbling , but they have never yet failed to do their duty to their sovereign . " Some days ago , " soya a letter from the Tyrol , " they made known their principal grievances to the Archduke Stadtholder , and two of them were , that they were not allowed to grow ? Liiuse-Kraut' ( louse-wort ) , which they were accustomed to smoke instead of tobacco } and that the tax paid on tho transfer of real property was in the highest degree oppressive . At such a moment as the present their can bo no question of a reduction of tho taxes , but I am told that tho Tyxoieso will bo permitted to grow and smoke as much as they please of the above-mentioned ill-flavoured and ill-odoured herb , " Imi'Rovkments at Malta . —Tho Governor is making alterations and improvements , increasing tho rents of government property , but encouraging the tenants to improve and realise as much as they can . Tho coffeehouse tho governor liud built in tho square beflido the pahico he loused for eight years to a Maltese ) for 100 / . per annum . Wljliln six months tho man has boon oflured 2 , 000 / . for his bargain . Tho town is being improved by contract , old buildings ronovatod , streets repaved , and more lights at night . A now theatre ia to bo built at a cost of 18 , 000 / ., and trcos are to bo planted round tit . . John ' s Church . Anything tlmt will give simile , or any tiling / jrpen , must bo nn Improvement to Malta . Tho

    governor has made many changes in the employes , superseding the old and replacing them with young and active men . MA pun ) . —Some of the journals announce that men known to have taken an active part in the last civil war are now in Upper Arragon attempting to create disturbances . The semi-official Correspondancia Autografa states that a report which was current that the newly born son of the Duke and Duchess de Montpensier is to bear a French title is unfounded . The same authority'declares that it is certain that the Queen of Spain is in an interesting situation

    Cjiimk ix Holland . —General Gunkel , of the Dutch army , appealed some days ago to the Supreme Court of Holland , sitting at the Hague , against the condemnation to death passed on him by the Criminal Court for poisoning ; but the court rejected the appeal . The Americans a > d Citjia . —A despatch from Washington says— " lJeeently received information from Madrid of an altogether reliable character shows that , however desirable it may be for the United States to acquire Cuba , there is no prospect whatever of such a consummation , nor is there any probability of the negotiation of a commercial treaty between Spain and this country . "

    Guatemala . —Dates from San Salvador , the car ital , are to May 25 . The waterworks of the capita destroyed by the great earthquake of 1854 , arc bVri repaired . On the 25 th of April an attempt wa made to assassinate General Hernandez , Governor ( the department of Cuscutlan . The general wa severely but not mortally wounded . The assasin , shoemaker , was arrested , and afterwards shot . Th question between the republic and that of Hondura assumes every day a more serious aspect , and almc : seems to indicate that war is inevitable . GuatenVaL it is thought , would interfere to preserve the peao if possible , between the two States . Gen . Braca monte had been sent to the Honduras frontier of th provice of San Miguel to watch the fugitive Salvs rlofiflns .

    Latest South American Revolutions . —Th American mails tell us that the revolution in Chil was ended , after a bloody battle fought bet wee ; General Viadauri with 4 , 000 government troops and 3 , 000 revolutionists under Gallo , near CocLuiinbo Viadauri triumphed , taking GOO prisoners and al the guns of the enemy . More than 2 , 000 men v . slain . The government soldiers had taken posses sion of Caldera . The revolutionary party had beei beaten in the south also . Trade dullat Valparaiso British Columbia—A letter from Vancouver ' Island says : — "For the number of our population the trade of the colony has been very fair of late The imports for the first quarter of this year sliov an excess over the previous quarter of 109 . 264 dols their

    Batches of Chinamen are beginning to find iraj to Victoria , bound for the mines . I trust the prejudices which exist against their countrymen both in Australia and California will not spring up in tin ? country . It is a great mistake to think that these persons do no good to the country . They are . in fact considerable consumers , and they practise a " good faith " in . keeping their engagements that many Christians might imitate with advantage to their own morality , and to their creditors' profit and loss account . It is to be hoped the Imperial Government will do something to assist labourers to emigrate from England , Ireland , and Scotland , to this country where they are so much wanted , where such high rates of wages prevail , and where the scarcity of labour sadly impedes the progress of the colony . "

    New-York Items . —The Italians in New York are raising a fund for the benefit of the families of those who might fall in fighting for the independence of Italy . The bark Orion , from Congo river , Africa , lias arrived at New York , in charge of two lieutenants of the United States Navy . She is suspected of being a slaver . Jamaica . — The disastrous drought which for some months past has existed has been , at length , relieved by refreshing rains . A correspondent , ¦ writing upon the subject , states that the corn fields , previous to the rain , looked as if a fire had passed over them . The island is quiet , and the agitation respecting some new taxes lately imposed has , ia a great degree , subsided . Notice has been issued by order of the Governor to the effect that his Excellency will , in all probability -sanction the introduction of coloured immigrants from Canada into the

    island . - The Civil . "War in Mexico .- —News from Kevr York is that Miramon is reported to have suppressed a Pronunciamento by the priests in favour of Zuloaga , at the capital , an the 23 rd tilt . The Padres ^ vere arrested and sen t to V era Cruz . The Liberals were encouraged . Marqueey ' expedition against Morel la had been driven back , but not until the town had been ravaged , and the women stripped naked and whipped in the eilbrt to make them point out other

    the hidden treasure . The Americans and foreigners suffered much loss . Miramon had decreed the importations at Vera Cruz confiscated , and modified the ad valorem duties . Senor Bouilla issued a decree on the 2 'Cth , in which he says that Mr . Buchanan ' s recognition of the Juarez party is not responsible , and that Americans are not accountable for his actions . Consul Black was reported to be going to Vera Cruz for safety from the rabble ol tlie army . Zuloaga is reported to have been Imprisoned by Miramon .

    Buenos Avkes am > Brazil . —The news hence in anticipation of the Brazilian mail is unfavourable . The wording of the dispatch appears to intimate that the contest with Urquiza has begun by an invasion of the Argentine Confederation on the part of Buenos Ayres , but this seems highly improbable , since the only fenr hitherto has becJi that Urquiza would prove the aggressor . If Buonos Ayres has struck the first blow , it will bo like tho recent move of Austria . There is little prospect that Urquiza will succeed unless he should be again supported by Brazil , and , supposing Brazil to bo iii want of a pretext for unjustifiable interference , this would be one way of furnishing it . Tho probability thereforo is , that Urquiza has commenced the attack , and that hisP naotivc for so doing is to secure hia re-election to the Presidency of tho Confederation which oxpiros

    during tho present year . Close ov tub Ciui . mn Revolution . —Tho most important news from Chili ia the confirmation of tlie report that the revolution had boon quelled by tlie Government . An encounter which took place on the 29 th April , near Serena , appears to liuve p \\ t nn end to all hope 9 of tho revolutionary party . In the engagement from 150 to 800 wore killed altogether ; many of tho revolutionary army were muder DTisoners : but Gallo , tho leader , with a large

    number of officers , of 1 ' ootod their escape , and it is supposed croased over tho Argontino provinces . Tho northern porta have again been opened to commerce by the Government , and confidence in business appeared to bo quite restored . 'A mooting of about eighty Indian chiefs liiul been hold in Southern Chile , for tho purpose , It Is loured , of devising menus torovvngo the death ol Indiana killed during tlio ] ii « t encounters . It is probublo tho Government will send troops to keen them in chock .

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    . ¦ \ No . 484 . Jujly 2 , 1859 1 THE LEA DEE . . 7 S . 9 .

• Citation
  • Leader (1850-1860), July 2, 1859, page 789, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2301/page/9/