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Leader (1850-1860), 6th November 1858, Edition 1 of 2, Page 1201, GltBAT INDIAN PENINSULA 1? \TrWAV JXAI.JjWAX.

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      Untitled Article

      The number of soldiers * children in the Madras Presidency is 4477 , of whom 923 orphans . It i 3 a pity the Lawrence Asylum on the Neilgherries is delayed . The number of passengers on the Indian Railway is now above two millions , mostly natives , so flint they derive the chief benefit from this system . The East India Railway shareholders have given a handsome vote for erecting a church at Raneegunge for the large numbers of English now employed there . We have a few railway churches in England , and we may expect some additions to churches and schools in India from the rise of railway stations , termini nnd repairing shops , when India has her Wolverton , Swindonand Crewe . ¦

      , _ .,,, __„ . _ .. . . The cattle traffic on the Great Indian Peninsula Railway is at present very small , as the interval on the Bhore Ghaut interferes with this traffic . In due time the dead meat traffic , with proper precautions , will become an important one , as the demand for the population and shipping of Bombay is large . The Koladyne steamer and the Huringotta steamer are sent up the Gogra to Fyz-. ibad , which will do something towards the opening up of that river for steam traffic . The East Indian Coal Company have sent up a large supply of coal . * In Benares and the lower cities high prices of grain prevail , through the delay in the arrival of the convoy of boats with supplies from the upper

      pro-. Kurrachee h . is been at length made a port of rcgistrv , and a registrar appointed . The * Madras traders are trying to obtain ready money dealings , by allowing a large discount for cash . It is considered that they will fail , as the Calreuttn . shopkeepers did , who offered fifteen per cent . ; and the reason assigned is , that people will not carry a bug of rupees with them , and that cash payments are hopeless until a gold currency is introduced . The evils of the present Indian currerfcy are beginnins- ' to show themselves in various ways .

      The Social Congress at Liverpool was so busy that little time was given to the decimal system , and the Congress separated without coming to any resolution on Indian currency . It is now beginning to be felt that the currency of India should be assimilated to that of England , and the two made to work together , that the rupee should have the same value as the florin , and be made current throughout the empire , the sovereign to be received as a gold mphur of ten rupees , and the rupee to be divided decimally , instead of the complicated co-) umns of annas and pices . This would be a great step towards a corresponding reform in England . Service

      The . Savings Bank and the Uncovenanted Bank at Agra have worked well , notwithstanding the troubles . The Savings Bank has a capital ot 3000 / ., a reserve fund of 1500 / ., and a divisable balance of 822 / . The dividend declared was 24 per cent ., with a bonus of 12 per cent . The funds of the Savings Bank are employed in loans . The bank has been established seventeen years , going on steadily during that time . The Uncovenanted Service Bank has a capital of 1050 / ., a reserve fund of 1750 / ., and a surplus for division of 874 / ., affording a dividend of 12 per cent . This bank has been partly engaged in exchange

      operations . The Ceylon financial statement has not passed without comment jn India . It is observed that by the application of English finance instead of Indian , the revenue lias in four years increased 50 per cent ., the taxation being 7 s . 6 d . a head , while in Bengal it is only 4 s . The Friend of India refers these differences to two facts : first , to the introduction of colonists , whoso capital an 3 energy develop now sources of wealth for the community , raise the value of land , and bring wages abovo the rice-and-snlt point at which they stick in Bengal ; and , secondly , to the fact that the Council , being in practice

      representative , has some financial courage . Hie proceedings , it says , offer an amusing answer to Mr . Maugles ' s chatter about the selfishness of Anglo-Indians . The Council is always taxing itself , nnd raises tho bulk of tho revenue from tho coffee by the profits of which the settlers are maintained , nor do they find that those settlors ^ who , as Mr . Mangles and the SuUmlay Review behove , want to enslave the children , of the soil , are in the least degree averse to legislating for the benefit ; of tho people . While India , witli 5 per cent , of her revenue spent on now public works , has a deficit of two millions and a stationary revenue , Coy Ion , with 12 per cent , so expended , has a surplus .

      Untitled Article

      INDIA . Tejlkgraphic despatches have been this week received at the Foreign-office and the India House which bring us news to the 10 th of October . Tantia Topee , we learn , having for a few days after his former defeat occupied Sironje , fled on the approach of the detachments under General Michel and Brigadier Smith , and was marching in the direction of Chundree . A combined movement was proposed for hemming the enemy in at Chundree by the Mhow Field Force—the force " under Brigadier Smith and tho troops at Goond , Satigpr , and Oojein . Major-Genoral Michel has been placed in command of tho troops serving in Rajpootana and Central India . Several gallant affairs have taken place in various parts of Oude , all ending in the total rout and great destruction of tho enemy , with trifling loas on our side . The campaign had not yet commenced , but Lord Clyde has left Allahabad for Cawnpore , en route for Lucknow ; meanwhile the rebels aro stated to ba still in great numbers , and ravaging tho country and , sorely oppressing the inhabitants wherever our troops aro not posted . With the exception of a slight Bheol disturbance in Khandeish , tho Bombay Presidency waa quiet . Her Majesty ' s 4 Gth Regiment and tho loft wing of hor Majesty ' s 91 st have arrived in Bombay A-oin Suez . The former has gone to Scindo . Liisot . Bisadon has boon appointed adjutant of tho 1 st Sikh Regiment .

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      CHINA . The Treaty of Peace U bearing its fruits even in Canton , where Hwang has now apprised the Allied Commanders that he is at peace with them , and has issued the following proclamation to the people under bis rule : — Hwang , Imperial Commissioner , President of the Board of War , fc . # c , issues the following proclamation , in order to suppress evil-doing and to pacify people ' s minds . Having had the honour to receive an Imperial edict

      informing me that peace lias been concluded at Tien-tsm , in order that the Fayune Enrolment Committee might act in compliance with it , I at once communicated it to them , and at the same , time commanded the Civil and Military Officers to return to their respective duties in the city . The Enrolment Committee , in official reply , states , that the Imperial edict shall be respectfully obeyed , and that they have kept back the braves and prohibited them from entering the city , in order that further troubles may be avoided . without

      Haying heard that there are , both within and the walls , many villains arid thieves , who , pretending they are braves , take advantage of the state of affairs to create disturbances , in order to plunder and rob , and from whose hands the citizens have already suffered much : if such rascality be not speedily suppressed , how can the minds of the people be set at ease , or tranquillity restored ? And unless the villains be apprehended , how can the district be purged ? In addition to my orders to the Nanhai and Pwanyu Magistrates , and the Commandant at Kwangchow , to do all in their power to seize and punish them , I publish as ia my duty , the present proclamation , for the information of the inhabitants of the city and its suburbs .

      I command that you pursue your usual callings , and behave discreetly now that you know that peace has been declared at Tien-tsm , and that henceforward natives and foreigners will be as friends . Tranquillity will bo restored , and trade , unhindered , will flow in its accustomed channels . If disturbances are raised , with one accord and of united strength you will seize the offenders , the injurers of my people , ami deliver them over for judgment . A Special Proclamation . Hionfung , 8 th year , 7 th moon , and 9 th day ( 17 th August , 1858 ) . —China Mail , August 26 . has been Th

      In Hong-Kong itself nothing stirring . o appointment of a new Aot ' iug Colonial Secretary , in tho person of Mr . Forth , has caused only regret that tho Government did not do more to , rotain the services of Dr . Bridges . Tho suspension of Mr . Anstoy has passed over quite quietly } and , ponding the reference homo , that gontloma ' . i has gone to Manilla . Tho majority of the Chinese servants have returned , but the merchants come in more slowly , though most of their shops nro now open . There has been hotter weather this month than during any other part of tho summer , the thermometer standing about 90 d « g . in tho shade , but tho heat has begun to bo tempered by occasional winds from tho north-oast .

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      This Indian Belief Fund . —Tho financial statement has boon published . A sum approaching half a million is put down on tho side of receipts . Tho total expenditure has been something lilco 170 , 000 / . There remains a balance in hand of 2 G 5 . 4 C 0 / , No doubt this handsome balance will all bo needed in bestowing roliof upon those who have suffered . Buiokmakimo . —Tho Ceylon Observer contains on nccount of somo brickmaking works recently vtoUJ ty Sir Henry Ward . Tho works , which turn out about ? o ' 00 O ffiok . a d « y , arc only il * mile , from Colombo . && £ J ^ 1 Z ^ $ JSI ^ SS ^ SJ&S ^ mud .

      Gltbat Indian Peninsula 1? \Trwav Jxai.Jjwax.

      Iine 3 will only effect a connexion -with Calcutta and Madras , leaving trunk lines to great cities still to be constructed . The Jubbulporc lines of the Great Indian Peninsula and East India Railways will form one of the grandest undertakings in the world . The contracts are principally let to Englishmen ; but Parsee enterprise has claimed a share in a contract of twenty-five miles . The North-East line from Bhosawul to Nagpore has not been let , as the tenders offered were above the reserved price of the engineer . We may

      remark that Mr . Berkeley , the e ' ngineer , has furnished a replv to the observations of Colonel Kennedy , who has put forward a statement endeavouring to represent that the Bombav and Baroda Railway has been executed on a superior System , and that all other railways in India are carried on at extravagant rate 3 . Mr . Berkeley shows that the works of the two railways are of a different character , and do not admit of comparison , and that the zealous colonel has understated his own expenditure , and left out the first year ' s maintenance . Pdonah section has been

      The Khandallah and opened this half-year , and the Poonah and Bheema river section will , it is expected , be ready by December . The sectiohs now open communicate between Bombay and Poonah in a total length of 130 £ miles , but there are still six miles of turnpike road supplying the connexion over the . Bhore Ghaut , but which latter cannot be completed until February , 1861 . As yet there is not time to obtain the proceeds of the further opening , but the traffic has advanced during the half-year . The gross receipts have increased from 34 , 418 / . in the half-year , to 42 , 166 / ., and there can be no doubt the vearly income will soon reach 100 , 000 / ., which at the pVesent rates will yield 60 , 000 / . a year for dividends . The number of passengers must soon reach a million vearly , as 436 , 739 were carried in the last halfclassanother

      GllEAT INDIAN PENINSULA BAILWAY . Tun loading facjj . \ n tho report of tho Groat Indian Ponlnsula Railway is tho stato of progress . There are nowojion for traffic 130 } miloe , under contract 782 , } miles , and unlot , only 872 j £ inlloa . Thin looks something lilco a provision of railway communication , but yot theao

      year , of which . 412 , 060 were third , — proof of the native desire to travel . The goods traffic has increased from 31 , 000 tons to 43 , 000 ; a large increase . The receipts from passengers for the half-year have been 18 , 8887 . ; from parcels and luggage , 1146 / . ; from carriages , horses and dogs , 9651 / . i from goods , 20 , 974 / . ; and from live stock , 190 / . ; besides which the company has carried for itself 2 i , 121 tons of railway materials , making for the year 40 , 955 tons . This is another proof of the benefit of the railway system as a means of advancing construction . Eighty thousand bullock-carts could not have conveyed this quantity , because the great bulk of the supplies could not have been carried bv such defective conveyance . It may be of interest to remark that to carry the total bulk conveyed in the year would require above two hundred thousand , or about a quarter of a million , of the ordinary country carts .

      Untitled Article

      for their own benefit , and that every Englishman , dowi to the drunken sailor who haunts the Calcutta slums , i to carry about his person the majesty of the Britis ] Crown . The Government and the civil and military services who attempt to hold the balance between th < two , and to govern . all classes alike for the benefit of th « empire ,, are decried by this party , and as it has agents ir England , and can always make itself heard , while the natives have no agents to stand - for them , no wonder that misrepresentation occurs , and that John Bull it

      misled as to the real truth . With respect to politics , we are all at a stand-still . We have no official announcement of the change in the Government , consequently all goe 3 on just as if John Company was still in the ascendant . I suppose the Governor-General is busilv employed on the proclamation which is to announce the change . By the way , why is he with the Oommanderin-Chief instead of at Calcutta ? No one appears to know what Lord Clyde is doing ; certainly activity and energv of action are not conspicuous qualities in the Commander-in-Chi ef .

      ( From a Corespondent . ) Bombay , September . Your journal is much road in tho tbroo Prosidonolos , and has no inconsiderable weight with those whoso opinion is worth conciliating . Do not , however , fall into tho mistake , which many of your contemporaries do , of advocating tho class interests of Europeans as against the nntivos . I see articles in English journals on this subject which aro evidently the production of interested parties ; verb . sap . Tho doctrines of domjnanoy of raoo is tho one which is in vogue among unofficial Englishmen in India- —this moans , not that India is to bo governed by England for tho benefit of tho natives , but that India la tp bo governed by tho English in India

      Untitled Article

      No . 450 . November 6 , 1858 . 1 T H E ¦ ' Ii EA P E B . 1201

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), Nov. 6, 1858, page 1201, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2267/page/25/