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    this country at present is to prostitute a word of noble significance , because the Prussian ukases of 1851 , served as the . model for the ukase of the Federal Diet , which agrees with the Prussian ukases in every important particular . Oh the other hand , in the Bavarian press regulations are omitted , three vital points of the Federal edict , viz ^— - " That the license of a printing and publishing office , may be withdrawn , not only as a consequence of a juidicial sentence , but even after written warnings , that is to sayy without any legal proceedings at all .

    slightest chance of benefiting any one , for whatever it might say would not be seen , or only by very few . Stoppage at the post in this country is such an effectual mean 3 of crushing a newspaper , that every paper quietly submits to the yoke , and teaches , by its silence , the people to do the same . But , as your readers may imagine , England and the United States are discussed to heart ' s content ; and all the vices and the crimes , the railway accidentsj boiler explosions , criminal processes , &c , &c , that are published by the newspapers of those free nations , are shown up with a fulness of criticism and sanctimonious horror at the shocking condition of people living in a state of political freedom , that is positively quite depressing to one ' s feelings , and impresses one with the truth and wisdom of the remark that " free

    institutions are now upon their trial . The newspapers and people would be glad to see them upon their trial here . It may seem Wonderful that such a system of oppression can be exercised over thirty or forty millions of comparatively intelligent people , and possibly a feeling of contempt towards the people who endure this tyranny may arise in the reader ' s mind ; but a perusal of the Federal Compact ( Bundesact ) will soon dispel such a sentiment by showing the barefaced and cunning method that the framers of that compact adopted to render opposition impossible ; more especially I refer your readers to the twenty-sixth article , and as some , perhapsj may not have an opportunity of meeting with the document , I will here translate the

    article : " If , in any state of the Confederation , the internal peace should be endangered by any opposition to the Government on the part of the subjects , and the disturbance appear likely to spread , or if an insurrection have really occurred , and if the Government , i . e . Prince , having tried ineffectually to suppress by the means at his command , shall call upon the Bund ( Confederated Princes ) for assistance , it will be the duty of the Bund to grant instant help to re-establish the ( obnoxious ) government . Should it' appear evident that the ( obnoxious ) government of the insurgent state is unable to suppress the revolt by its own means , and at the same time be prevented by circumstances from claiming ( or not feel disposed to claim ) the aid of the

    Eiigen , is likely to be given up altogether , at least no one ever hears it mentioned . The arsenal in the Jade will no doubt be completed some day , though whether it will be of any use to Prussia is a question . Reports from the Rhine state that in Coblentz , and within the bounds of Ehrenbreitstein , the vintage has begun with the early Burgundy grape , which had ripened very rapidly during the . warm temperature of the last week or two , and upon which birds and insects had commenced their ravages . The result' of an examination lately made at Ilonningen , to determine the body of the red grape , showed that the grapes taken , from two vines of the second class contained already 85 deg . or

    18 £ per cent , of saccharine matter , according to Qechle ' s mustgauge ,. and 9 per mille of acid , according to Marquart ' s acemetre . A lot of very heavy grapes gave 81 deg . or 17 per cent , saccharine , and 10 per mille acid . Last year the choice red grape gave at the same period only 79 deg . or 16 i per cent , saccharine , but only 8 per mille acid . The grapes are consequently richer in saccharine than the grapes of last year at the same time , while the acid is mare predominant , which is to be attributed to the wet and cool weather during the latter , half pf August . The seasonable rain which has fallen has contributed greatly to develop the gases necessary to impart a fine flavour , As to the quantity ,, the vines bear this year fully one-third . more than they did last

    year . .. .. Travellers to Austria would perhaps find it advantageous to note the following remarks of the Ostdeutsche Post upon the subject of the resumption of payment in specie by the Austrian . Bank : —" That the old banknotes which the Bank is not bound to pay in silver will not bear the same value' as ; the new is self-evident , because the . latter , being identical with ready money or sterling silver , are accepted abroad at their full value , whereas the old bank-notes , which are still left in circulation , and cannot be exchanged for silver at pleasure , will not possibly obtain their nominal value .

    Bund , . nevertheless , and without being called , upon , the Bund is bound to put down the insurrection . But in no case ( concludes , this precious article ) shall' the measures considered necessary to reinstate the authorities be continued longer than is-thought necessary by the prince who received Federal aid . " One would suppose that after " But in no case , " the following words would occur , " shall the authorities thus assisted be permitted to inflict any kind of punishment upon their subjects without the consent of the Bund , " or " shall be allowed to pursue a course obnoxious to the majority of the subjects . " But nothing of the sort , the subjects are bound hand and foot and delivered over to their tormentors . This

    article shows the total inability of the Germans to help themselves without an impulse from abroad . Your readers perceive by this one extract that the princes have taken every precaution against their people . They have entered in . to a family compact , and are playing a game which they must lose , no matter how chances at present stand in their favour ; and when the hour comes , it is to be hoped that the free people of England will allow no family ties to interfere with the just retribution of outraged humanity . England has of late years evinced no sympathy for the throes of civil liberty on the Continent : let her stand by indifferent as she is now when the hour of delivery shall arrive .

    The Prussian Parliament is expected to be opened next month , when the question of the Regency will be thoroughly discussed , and , as nil the Prussians fervently trust , result in the deposition of the present King and in the elevation of tlio Crown Prince to the throne . The acts of the Prince will bo carefully watched , but the people are not so sanguine in their expectations of him as they were of the present King , and will consequently not be disappointed to the samo extent . He is , however , expected to be liberal . To be . liberal .. truly .,, he must grant freedom of the press ; freedom of election , which he has hitherto very energetically insisted upon from his opponents , and which it is hoped he will continue to insist upon from those who will become his

    supporters ; and anally , freedom of discussion . Many hope for nil this ; I , for my part , have not the slightest faith that thuir anticipations will be fulfilled . It will be as it has always boon ; the people are happy in the thought that whoa the Crown Prince is King " ea boII gnuz andera werden , " thoro will be u change of motiHurcs and men , which is tantamount to saying , " When the lion on the top of Northumberland House , hoard tlio clock of St , Martin ' s church strike twolvo || ho wags his tail and n'ftnri ^^ w ^ ihHWV ^ rao ^^ imaflifln . )^ dfV ^«) q _ inql ^{ : fi M ft qjft the necessity of Russia ' s possessing a navy in

    proportion to its army—not ita commercial interests at sen , or Ita seafaring population , but Us army- ^ whloh , it asserts , b , undoubtedly the beat disciplined , beat armed , and , in comparison with the mass of tug population , the most nunjorous in the world . What then must , Ita navy bo ? At present there ia llttlo prospect of so grand a oonauinmntlon , for of the two arsenals which have boon dooidod upon , the one at the mouth of the Jade , between the lima and the Weaor , upon the land lately purchased from Oldenburg , la progjrosfling at a more snail ' s paoo , and the other , which 'was projected on the island of

    Secondly , that misdemeanours of the press ( Press-vergehen ) are not questions for the jury (!) but are to be determined by the police authorities .. Thirdly , that for every periodical work bail must be given . In 1852 the Bavarian Government made ah attempt to add these restrictions to their press regulations , but the Chamber of Representatives of that day evinced so much determination to oppose them that the authorities considered it prudent to wait till a more favourable opportunity , which lias now arrived ; and the reform (?) will , be

    effected this session . The King of Saxony and his ministers have been legislating for public amusements and the fair sex ; the result is , the promulgation of a fresh edict by the police authorities in conjunction with the Town Council of Dresden . This ukase relates to dramatic , musical , and other representations , as ; likewise to dancing and other public amusements , and actors are warned to abstain from extemporising on the stage , and to confine themselves strictly to their parts as written ; further , all songs , harangues , and so forth , the tendency of which may appear improper , either politically , morally , or in any other respect ( sonstiger Beziehung ) are absolutely schlechterding 3 ) prohibited . By this your readers will

    perceive that actors , and even persons speaking in public , are placed at tlie mercy of the police and their spies , wlio are , of bourse , to be the judge 3 as to what is or is iot improper , politically , morally , or otherwise . Another ukase has been issued by the Royal Kreis Direction ( District Authorities of Budisscn ) to the effect that ' * gefallene Braiite "— £ . e . women who have disposed of their persons without permission of the poliee- ^ -are forbidden to wear either bridal wreaths or floral ornaments of any iind at their eventual wedding ; and those who dare to disobey are to be punished ' according to the ukase of 1812 . I have not succeeded in procuring the document , which would doubtless be a" curiosity in its way * I dare say the penalties threatened are either fine or imprisonment . This ukase is not limited to the circle of Kreis Direction

    Budissen or Lausitz , but the aforesaid have received instructions to extend it over all the other districts . The absurdity of this edict is equal to its contemptible tyranny . The sole effect it can have is to make many children illegitimate , and save a young couple the expense of a regular wedding . Let your readers ponder upon the fact , that the men are not permitted to marry till they have reached a certain age ( five-and-twenty ) and can prove that they have pecuniary means which , in the opinion of the authorities , will enable them to maintain a wife and family . Sometimes a couple are betrothed for years and year 3 , qnd are refused a license till wrinkles begin to furrow their brows . Here is tyranny hard to be conceived . Is it not time that the English press should turn from Naples and France to Germany ?

    Last week , the Hamburg weekly paper The Age ( " Das Jahrhundert" ) was stopped at the Prussian post , and the Vienna press generally received a warning no to criticise the acts of the local authorities , but to confine their remarks to foreign affairs , One paper was confiscated , for having presumed . to call public attention to the bad pavement of a street ; anothor for having ventured to touch upon the question of metallic payment , now resumed by the National Bank . Spirit of Gutten ^

    borg I if , like that of the Royal Dane , you are permitted duririg a portion of the twenty-four hours to revisit the S 9 * 7 ie of your famous labours , it is to bo hoped that you are not doomed to fast fires , ' during the other portion , to burn and purge away the sins committed in your days of nature , for methinks it would bo quite sufficient punishment to your soul to seo its offspring reduced to such a base condition in the land of its birth . I can only exclaim with Ilavitet : " Alas , poor ghost !"

    "Printing hero ' is only meant ' For curiosity and ornamont . " But it may bo asked how those arbitrary aota become known unless through the press , and how can it bo so gagged ? It is natural that the act of publishing by a newspaper and critioising should bo twin conceptions in an Englishman ' s mind ; but hero criticism upon local . flubjectaJa ^ ntlroly ^ innoHsiblo ^ and tho utmost the reader can obtain from the , newspaper" is a Daro ^ stWtenTeiYtrrA Prussian pupor may , perhaps , now and then criticise

    Austrian affairs , and an Austrian pupor Prussian uffairs , but the papero so much depend upon tho neighbouring states fot their subscribers , that a stoppugo at tho postoffice is noarly tho same as a confiscation . Thus , if a Hamburg paper were to make any obsorya ' tlona disagreeable to Hnnovor , Prussin , or Oldenburg , it would bo immediately stopped ap the post , and lose the greater number of Its subscribers , who aro more numerous In tlio , large states around than in Hamburg itttolf . A newspaper , therefore , that would attempt to enlighten the people . wwwWoply be destroying itself , ¦ wit hout tho

    Untitled Article

    CONTINENTAL NOTES . FRANCE . Notwithstanding the conclusion of the treaty of Tiensien—or , perhaps it should be said , as a consequence of that treaty and to enforce its execution—the French Government proposes to maintain in China a stronger naval squadron than in times past . The division of gunboats will remain there permanently ; and a . body of marine infantry will also be kept there until the conditions of the treaty have been carried out . W ' e hear from Chalons that preparations arc being made at the camp for the reception of the Emperor , who is expected there about the 18 th . The anniversary of the taking of the Malakhoff was celebrated by the troops in the camp , who lighted bonfires along the whole line .

    Two large cotton-spinning mills in the commune of Maromme , near Rouen , one occupied by M . Piel , and the other by M . Floury , have been burnt down . Tho fire broke out in the . establishment of M . Fleury , and it is supposed that the machinery got hot from its rapidity of motion and set fire to some of the loose cotton . The loss is estimated at 300 , 000 fr . Tho treaty between France , and China is so far on its way to Paris that it has reached Malta in the charge of M . Duehesne . de Bellecour . A letter from Bnron tiros to tho French Foreign Minister says that this treaty was ratified by the Emporor of China on the 8 rd July , anil adds that tho allies and plenipotentiaries were to quit Tien-sien on the 7 th or 8 th July . A letter mentions a report that Prince Dnni . 'l of Montenegro and his brother Mirko « ro coming next month to Paris , with a suite of a hundred Montenegrins .

    It is ' stated that Marshal Canrobcrt is about to enter the holy bonds of matrimony with tho widow of tho l « ito Duca do Sottomayor , and become in right of his wife a grandee of Spain . Tlio Spanish Government has boon specially informed that the Emporor of the French has made no ' change in his policy towards Spain ; that the removal of the Mnrquis of . Turgot had nothing to do with politics ; and that it ia trusted tljut tho now ambussndor , M . Foriliiiftim Barrot , will Heap tho relations of tho two countries on tho boat terms . Although tho weather in Paris is oppressive , it is very favourable to tho vintage , and good Jud gcu irturm tnnt tho vin da la oomitte of 1858 will rival that made at the time of tho comot of 1811 .

    An article in tho Dtibata , ascribed to the Prince do Joinvillo , dqcrios tho importance of Cherbourg , ami considers its proximity to England as a disadvantage to Franco . . "'" Tile ' i Vronc . li aro "' Vain ^ t' 6 '" "liWo ~ 8 cT 3 iTrotl'aH * oatjMy « ' { tho King of Korea , a vassal of China , for tho oBtabllslivnont of a French cominorcial settlomont in his country . Tho attack upon the Mmporor of Ava , who hns rnfuso " to ytoUl to tho demands of Frnnoo , is immlnont , t «« onlors to attack tb , o Bay of Turone , near Hub , JiftViiig ulroady boon doapatohod . . . Tlio Globe , Advartiaer , Leader , and Court Journal wer « all salKOd at tho Paris Poat-oflloo on Sunday . SPAIN . . . While tho Spanish telegraph assorts tbnt tl » 0 8 qu ««™" collected at Forrol is destined lnimodlatoly to convoy

    Untitled Article

    960 THE LHADES . flSTcx 443 , September 18 , 1856 .

• Citation
  • Leader (1850-1860), Sept. 18, 1858, page 960, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2260/page/8/