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    Untitled Article

    ficieiicy , " might be gLven in . the cveat of their passing / . their cxiiininationwit . il credit . A report has just been sent up to the Senate , strongly udvisiug the organization of the proposed sy § tei » , and accompanied by a series of propositions , the effect of wkich , if . carried- out , will- be to enable students between fifteen and eighteen , of any academy in England , to go up for examination , the younger to

    obtain ccrtitieate . s , the elder the title of 'AMociate in Arts . ' Tins will be a noble stimulant : to ' learni ng , and , as far as we can see , utterly unobjectionable on sectarian grounds . The examinations will -afford a guiding test for school managers j and the success of pupils in tlie several schools will be a guiding test for parents ; so that the examinations will derate and nationalize the voluntary teaching which already exists .

    Dr . ; CuLLEN has published a long pamphlet in rejoinder to the reply of Lord St . Leonards , on the misapplication of the Patriotic Fund . Pic has taken Lord St . Leoxaeds's general denial of his . cliai-ges as a challenge , and has set to work , in characteristic style , to prove them all—and more . But he has not been successful . The cases which he gives of sectarian misuse of the Patriotic Fund fail to make out a case against its general

    administration . Instances there have been . / clearly , where Protestant favouritism h as been shown ; but they have been few , and their importance is greatly exaggerated by Dr . Cullex and his' partisans for sectarian purposes . Dr . CujLUix has hadhis fling at the Indian Fund , and has done it no harm , but , it is to be lioped , some good ; for tlio se who are administering it are warned against doing anytli-irig that may give a handle either to him or any other gentleman of his ' way of thinking .

    An incident happened on Sunday last unprecedented in the history of religion in this country . The special services in Exeter Hall were discontinued under the prohibition of the Rev . Mr : Ebquart . The pastor of the parish , it seems , has the right and the power to exclude from the bounds of his cure all other preachers save his Bishop and his curate ; and Mr . Edotjart had a special reason for exercising this power . He depends for his income on the filling of his church , and the filling of the Hall was detrimental to the finances of St .

    Michael ' s . An attempt to introduce the services at St . Martin's Hall has failed through a similar objection of the incumbent in that parish . Still , the committee carrying on the special services were not eontent to give up their mission ; clergymen of the Chxu-ch of England being excluded , the committee looked about for some ministers not disqualified by belonging to the Establishment , but sufficiently

    broad in . their Christianity to act with them . Thoy found such a man in the Hew Mr . Bkock , the wellknown Baptist minister ; and on Sunday last lie conducted the special service in Exeter Hall , using the forms of the Church of England ! Here again we sec , through the conflict of creeds , another step in the grand movement towards a Church , not titularly ' England , ' but for the people of England .

    A case of deep importance to great numbers of Englishmen and Englishwomen has been hejird in the Vice-Chancellors' Court this week . The question raised is as to whether the issue of a marriage with a deceased wife ' s sister , contracted at Altona / m Schlcswig Holstcin , is lo . gitimn . to . Such marvingos , though forbidden in this country , arc there celebrated according to the la \ v oi' the laud ; and a notion prevails that the English law recognises the validity of a foreign marriage legally contracted . t nd t t

    Argumens for a againshis opinion hare been brought forward at great length , and the question is of such importance that Vicc-Chanccllor Sir J . SiUAitT has deferred giving judgment until he has g iven it the maturcst deliberation . Should his judgment annul the marriage , it will still luavo the question open , to be settled when those who arc moving in it obtain justice . Should his judgment aflinn the marriage , it will , to a great extent , settle t \\ $ h ) Lw . ]? or Parliament will soarcely refuse to lot people do within the four seas that which thoy can do at Altona .

    A . deputation , presenting a memorial from the British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society , ' waited on the . Earl of Clarendon on Tuesday , ' and received « n answer intended to reconcile ' the Umpire , ' and the anti-slavery interest . Thefiwiof ClaliENfcON assured the deputation that tbc remedy for the evil had been already found in the total failure of the French scheme Of purchasing . ' free' negroes . He wholly exonerated the Emperor , who he believed never for a moment intended to do anything that would be likely to reopen the slave-trade- —ol course not . Only other nations have caught the hint , that sla . ve-t . rade treaties forbid no migration of free Africans

    ' ;* and even in England there is a growing wish to see the experiment fairly tried , of civilizing the African in America . Public meetings have been held on divers other topics . ; but ve need only mention' one—that at Brighton , to receive a report to the constituency from its new member , Mr . Coninghaw . Ho spoke out boldly , grappling subjects difficult . and delicate with manly directness and candour ; and he was well supported . Among the deaths that -will be felt " beyond the confines of private circles or of party will be that of Lord Strangfobd , who , not long since , as George Smythe , member for Canterbury , shone for a moment of brilliant promise , disappeared as .- suddenly from public life , and now lies shrouded in the sail

    eclipse of an untimely deatli . Liberal ideas in Piedmont and Bel g ium arc once more obliged to light for existence undex the attacks of Papistry , fighting it sold . fight for supremacy . In Piedmont , the Liberal party , proud and satisfied with the progress of their Ideas , have fallen into the error of ceasing -to ; . watch and '' ward .-their vantage ground , and the Catholic opposition ,: ever on the look-out for opportunity , lias taken ; that furnished by the state elections to put forth its utmost strength , using every means at its command— -spiritual and temporal . But the Liberals have been warned in time to secure the victory of a majority , though not such . a . one as they ought to have commanded .- ' The-lesson ' , ; however , will be of service . In Belgium the struggle promises to end with more ¦ decided advantage" to . - ' the anti-pretre party .

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    STATE OE TRADE . The condition of the chief manufacturing-town ' s during the week ending last Saturday was not much , brighter than It has been for some time past . There is still a great suspension of business at Manchester , Birmingham , Nottingham , Leicester , Halifax , Preston , and several other towns . The number of people suddenly reduced to idleness and destitution in Lancashire Is immense . A panic prevails throughout the iron districts of South Staffordshire , and the approaching winter is looked upon in most parts of the country with very gloomy feelings . At Leeds and the immedisitc neighbourhood , however , the woollen cloth trade , though depressed , does not continue to sink lower , and n . hopeful spirit exists with respect to tlic future . The mimbeT of poor relieved by the Leeds Board of Guardians last week was twelve

    Ies 9 than in the corresponding week of I 80 G . Flic shoe trade of jSTorwich , also , is more prosperous than might have been anticipated ; but it is feared that depression is in store , and , indeed , some of the manufacturers in the neighbourhood hare begun to work short time . At Derby , a great mnny silk mills have been closed , and great distress exists , to alleviate which , soup kitchens are to be opened . Failures still continue to occur . Mr . Edward Hemingway , Brooklyn Mill , Mirfield , near Leeds , manufacturer of carpets , blankets , rugs , &c , has been forced to ask for time to meet his engagements , owing to his not being able to obtain money from America , with which he did a large business . A meeting of his creditors has taken place , and it appears that his liabilities arc 23 , 000 / .,

    with assets calculated at 38 , 000 / . A proposal was made , and accepted , to pay the creditors in full by three instalments—the estate in the meanwhile to bo placed in the hands of trustees tinder a deed of inspection . Tlio other failures of note arc—Messrs . Herman Sillem and Co ., a houso having transactions with all parts of the Continent , North and South America , and the "West Indies ; Messrs . Oarr , Josling , and Co ., chiefly trading to the North of Europe : Mcssis . Alexander HintK and Co ,, merchants and dealers in colonial produce ; Messrs . Kehder and Holdmnnn , in the German trade , with liabilities supposed to amount to 100 , 000 i . ; and Messrs . T . Morris and Sons , of Wolverhnmptou , with liabilities ni't down at 40 , 000 / . A great many failures have occurred at Hamburg .

    Tlio Northumberland « nd Durham District Bank at Newcastle-on-Ty no closed its doors on Thursday morning . The notice posted up saya tlmt depowita and credit accountn will bo fully paid , with « s little delay as possible , ' and that ' a meeting of the shareholders will bo immediately hold . ' The absolute loss by this event has been calculated at one million or more . People appear to be

    almost Sttiplfiea by the calamity , but there haa been no ran on the other "banks in the town . Arrangements are OMng made by some of the shareholders of the banlwhich has just suspended for the formation of a nriva ^ bank . v vau - A meeting of the shareholders of the WolverbamnW and Staffordshire Bank was held on Monday at tli * Swan Hotel , Wolverhampton . Mr . Hordern , the chairman of the directors , convened tlie meeting , presided atit . It appears that the directors of the bank have expressed their -willingness to raise and lend 100 , 000 / to the concern . A committee , with power to add to their number , was appointed ; and , some discussion having taken place , the meeting separated . —The adjourned meeting of the creditors took place 011 Tuesday There is now every prospect of the bank resuming in a * day or two . The creditors have agreed to accept payment , by four instalments , namely , five shillings in the pound on the 1 st of January , 1858 ; five shillings on thelst of October ; five ehfflings on the 1 st of April , 1809 - and five shillings on the 1 st of July following . T The Board of Trade returns for the past month , were issued on Wednesday morning , and show an increase of 318 , 838 / . in the declared value of our expbrtations , compared with the corresponding month of last year The imports , fox the most part , show a falling off . *

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    ACCIDENTS AND SUDDEN DEATHS . The Hon . Martin Hawke , third son of Lord Hawke , has met with his death while fox-hunting . The hounds were in full chase , and the pace was very severe . The fox / darted along-a recently stabbed-upplantation , about six yards wide , and with a fence on both sides . Mr . Hawk ceausinghis horse to leap over a line of rails , the animal fell , threw his rider off headforemost , and then turned over upon him . He was removed to BramwithHall , and afterwards to a house at Barnby Dun . It-was found ' on a surgical examination , that three ribs were broken on each side , and that the lungs had thus been ruptured . The head and face were- much bruised , and tlie left arm was broken above the wrist . These injuries resulted in death . Mr . Iiawke ' s horse , on being raised up , followed the hounds for four or five miles without a rider , takin" - all the leaps with the - ' . 'foremost of the field ; The inquest has terminated in a verdict in accordance with the facts .

    i our persons were drowned on the river O use on the night of yesterday week . The ferry-boat belonging t > Whitgift Ferry was run down by the Empress steampacket , while the former was crossing the river and the latter was going along it . ' If was completely turned over . Six persons were aboard at the time , Imd only two were saved . The ;' Rev . Sandford Connor , assistant military chaplain at the Artillery Garrison , " Woolwich , folt indisposed last Sunday , and the order for Divine service was consequently countermanded . About the middle of the day . his servant found him in a state of syncope . . Medical assistance was promptly summoned , but Mr . Connor was dead . He was about thirty years of age . His death seems to have resulted from apoplexy , and the coroner ' s jury lias returned a verdict to that effect .

    A pblicemanj | of the Berks constabulary sinv a sturdylooking man , one day last week , begging about from door to door near l ' angbounie . He ordered him to Uesist ; but the man still went on , and the policeman then threatened to take him into custody . The fellow replied by saying lie would show what an Irishman could do , and struck the officer violently in the face . A struggle ensued , in which both went to the ground , and at length the policeman found himself exhausted , owing to the Irishman seizing him tightly by the collar . The captive was therefore released , and , rushing down to the Thames , which flows close by the road , he leaped in and . swam towards the Oxfordshire shore .-. -The constable called to two men on the opposite bank to secure the fugitive , and hastened away for a boat ; but , on arriving on the other side , he found that the Irishman had sunk within a few yards of the land , probably from an . lUiulc of cramp . T- \ vo fatal boiler explosions have occurred— one at Apsley , neax Huddersficld , the other at Skipton , Yorkshire . My the former , twelve persons wer <; kilh'il , " »' l several injured ; by tho latter , three persons lmve perished , while five others have x-cceived wounds t > i a serious nature . Cornet Richard Charles Echalaz , of the 7 t ! i Dmgomi Guards , was thrown , from his horse while leaping n fc jitc on Sunday evening , and ho severely injured that lie 'lid the following morning . The horse fell on him ; so that tho caso seems to bo a repetition of that of Mr . JIuulio , related above .

    An inquest was held on Thursday at "Whipping on tlio body of George Granger , a seaman on board tlio collier brig Welthen , of Whitby , who , with another of tlut crow , wan drowned by their vessel being run into on" Eritli by the Europcun and American Steam Company's ship -Artfo . Tho jury , after some deliberation , returned a von lift of Accidental Death ; ' bnt they could not separate without declaring a strong sensi ; of the want of sulliciciit lookout , cure , and attention oil tho pnrfc of tlio poixiiin in charge and management of tho stcamor bi'foiv and niter the accident ; took place' They also expressed their commendation of tho conduct of tho Coastguard bouiuuiu in saving life on the oucuuion .

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    .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .- : % i . v . . ^ Jjj ^ . ___ THE LEA D E R . I No . 401 , November 28 . 1857

• Citation
  • Leader (1850-1860), Nov. 28, 1857, page 1130, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2219/page/2/