On this page

• Departments (1)
  • 
• Text (8)

  Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.

  • 

    Untitled Article

  • 

    Untitled Article

  • 

    Untitled Article

  • 

    , -<* t «p p JtyOtHUiriI« i __^ _

  • 

    Untitled Article

  • 

    Untitled Article

  • 

    Untitled Article

  • 

    Untitled Article

• Transcript

  • Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.

    Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.

    Untitled Article

    clouds , swarms of insects , the colours painted on the sky by the setting sun , the ground fogs round Hymetfrus , the vapours on the Capharean peaks . He jud ged from circles round the moon , meteors , rainbows , bubbles on the surface of a river , the cry of the crane or chaffinch , the flight of island birds , the roll of dolphins , the creeping of the land toad into his pool , the burning of the candle-wick , and a hundred other natural omens . But it was in the processes of agriculture that the Greek ingenuity most conspicuously displayed itself . The farmer , if wealthy , kept smiths , carpenters , and potters ' works upon his land , and constructed his own waggons—with ilex axles , maple yokes for the oxen , poplar or mulberry felloes in the wheels . His harrow and plough were of primitive design nip to a late age , he crushed his corn in a mortar , which the Arab of to-day might be supposed to have copied from Attica ; his minor implements were numerous and varied ; he applied manure to the soil , and justly appreciated the qualities of guano . Few improveaients have been made on the manure-pits of ancient Greece . Following the husbandman through the successive stages of his industry , from planting to reaping , we note a considerable number of practices , often stated to be inventions of modern times , and some which have fallen into desuetude ; as , for example , when a young girl walked naked round a meadow , with a live fowl in her hands , to blight the choke-weed and restharrow . Whatever result was produced by this innocent incantation , the corn , at the rising of the Pleiades , and when tLe May-garlands where hung upon Athenian doors , assumed a deep gold colour ; and the sickles were sharpened in Salamis and Aehaia . Then , the produce was laid up in granaries reared on lofty basements , the floors being newly swept and smeared with oil , or sprinkled with the ashes of oaken twigs ; and lastly , the Thalusian festival took place , equivalent to our Harvest Home . The Greek authors supply a singular abundance of details on the floriculture of their contemporaries , on the artificial blanching of roses , on the planting of garlic near their roots with the fanciful intention of enhancing their fragrance , on ' 'the * immersion of lily-bulbs in cinnabar dye and purple wine , on the use of myrtleberries as fruit , on the cxiltivation of stoneless peaches , piebald figs , and almonds bearing natural inscriptions- But . the Geoponica is not more delusive than Pliny , nor did simplicity die with the traders in Chelidonian or Phikbeian fruits . In his view of Roman husbandry , Dr . Daubeny indicates many similar points , occasionally , indeed , illustrating his subject by a Greek example : like the Greeks , the Romans prized above all other kinds the manure yielded by birds , rejecting that of the aquatic species , unless mixed with superior qualities . The sweepings of dovecots were highly valued . He does not mention that the Romans manured their vineyards , after the Greek fashion , with powdered lentils , acorns , and other vegetable substances . : In his notice of the Koman gardens Dr . Daubeny enters into an interesting disquisition on the flowers known to the ancients . The picture , in Greece , is made up of glimpses ; iii Rome we have more detailed descriptions . As Dr . Daubeny remarks , the use of chaplets necessitated the cultivation of flowers , although ' winter coronets' were made from shavings variously dyed , which afterwards gave way to gold and silver . Moreover , a realm in the antique mythology was peopled with the spirits of plants and flowers , rendering them sacred ; the laurel , the cypress , the myrtle , and the pine swayed their legendary shadows over the mint , which Pluto loved , and the rose campion from the bath of Yenus . Among fruits lie considers that the melon was unknown before the times of Pliny and Columella ; 'but we remember , we think , earlier allusions to a plan for perfuming it by keeping the seed in a bed of rose-leaves . Very possibly , however , there is a confusion between the names of the melon and the cucumber . We have been disappointed to find him keeping so closely within Columella ' s limits as to say nothing of apple and pear orchards , or of the quinces esteemed as fragrant as violets . The peach , he observes , was brought from Persia , and Columella alludes to the fable of its poisonous qualities . "" Could this mistake arise , " asks Dr . Daubeny , " from a knowledge of the poisonous properties of the prussic acid existing in the kernels of the peach ? " It may be observed that a notion prevailed in Egypt , probably referring to the secret of the Pay Hi , that a citron eaten early in the morning was an antidote against all kinds of poison . Its juice , injected into the veins , would have a similar effect . Blackberries , when perfectly ripe , were eaten by the Romans , and by the Greeks ^ were considered a preventative of gout . Bitter almonds , it was thought , checked intoxication , and there is somewhere an anecdote about the physician of the lihnperor Tiberius , who , if he liati eaten his usual quantity of this fruit , would drink three bottles of strong wine , but otherwise easily succumbed . With what the Athenians would have called his amygdalocatacles—a word we l'ecommend to our art-manufacturers—before him , he was not afraid of something more powerful than a Coptic draught . Dr . Daubeny ' s lectures are interesting and likely to "bo useful . They display great learning , care , and critical and scientific sagacity .

    Untitled Article

    The Sanitary Commission on the Seat of War in the East . —A thick blue-book , of three hundred pagea , issued last Saturday , contains the report of the proceedings of the . Sanitary Commission despatched by Lord Panmure to the seat of war in the East ( 1856-6 ) . It goes over the grounds so often trodden during the war , and makes various suggestions with reference to the sanitary condition of armies .

    Untitled Article

    TENCIE—HARGRAVES . —At Edge-hill . Liverpool , Richard Tench , Esq ., of liiullov , to liliznbetli -Alice , daughter of the lato Captain John llargnives , of Liverpool . DEATHS . ASIIBURNEIt . —Killed , at Ciiwtiporo , by tho mutiiuicra , Lieut , liurnet Aahlmmcr , UeiiKal Artillery , non of William 1 ' ako Jltthburncr , Ehq ., formerly of ISoiubay , and Kraudsou of tho Dowager Lady Forbes , of Newc . CROWLEY . —On tho 4 th inst ., while on a visit to his brother-in-law , at ( 1 , 1 J loom ( lulii-struct , Vinubury-circus , Nicholas Joseph Crowloy , Esq ., lt . H . A ., of VI , Upper I'itzroy-strcot , and lato of jLvesoii-strcot , Dublin .

    BIRTHS , MAKRIAGES , AND DEATHS . BIRTHS . ALLON November 1 , tho wife of tho Itov . H . Allon of St . Mary ' s-road , Canonbury : a daughter . KECK . —November 3 , at tho PnrsonaKO , High Beech , Essex , tho wife of tho Itov . Ij . A . Beck : a daughter . MARRIAGES . LENNOX—HIJTCHESSON . — At Catol , Guernsey , Major Augustus Lennox , Royal Artillery , son of Lord George Ltmnox , to Amy , daughter of Jowhua 1 ' riaulfc , Esq ., of Candle , and widow of Thomas Hutcheaaon , Esq .

    Untitled Article

    market , grocer—Vu icdkkiok . Soakb "Kakku , Smillninipton , coal and shite meruliiuit — Maky Ann A risks , IJri / . uinorton , Oxfordshire , baker and grocer—Fiikdhkick V iixiam ^ . ox , Southampton , Kroeor nud linker-John IIknimiy , 7 , « i \> inouth-Htrcut , linckuey-road , back and vat niakni—llKNin Cockhuun , KiiiK-streel , lUcbniond , watehinaKer , m |\« ' smith , and jewtilUir-TiciiTiifN d'OVI . kv Run , JUeuienjh hall , KinK-sti « : c : t , JliinnuerNiiiith , ehoinist and < lruf ? fsi ! j i . Jojcn Kijms , til , iiuovKo-Htreol , l ' orlii » nii-s < jiiiin \ || : ' , ' piiDerhnuKor , and KiUhir—Samuki , Tovkus , a I , \ \ ;^ " ' Ktreet , Jloxton , lookliiK- ({)«« B lniuniiactiuy } - 1 ' ham h HiLt , Withy-bank , Oldswinlord , \ Vou' < 'sterttliu ;« , coinu - sionagcut-. loiiN Howl , J > nrlaston , tftallordHliire . si row bolt innnufacturer—IUciiard Avhtjn , Coventry , iurni u dealer and auctioneer—William I ' icck SwiKT . JJourn , i- «« iioolnHhiru , grocer—William Nathan Hykkh <¦ - <>> ' '• ' •' Wellington Htreet , UoHwell-stroet , Middlesex , mull « ' » ' ; " ' Htreet , Nottingham , wliolesiilo tolm « conist anil cl K "' , ¦ , " chant-. loij Ouhtih and Hunky Hunt Sayhu- ^ ""• tilamor ^ nuuhiru , general provision mcrehanw- ' y ! , ' ' /_ Cummin a , Plymouth , brewer and spirit , iiu'A ;' " ! . !' William Wiiitj ; . Plymouth , dealer in hu « si 1 h — ¦ A 11 , ;' ; ,,,.,,.,., Uuttkk , Shollhild , uuw nmnufacturcr—Hu » il ,, , \ V " , . « , ' Gorard , netir Holyluiad , corn dealer-Piulii' V-Wf } l- . ' > ' ™ ; l ' rinceHH-utroet , Manchester , Kouenii dealer—JAM tu w « w

    1 T 10 M THE LONDON GA . ZKTTK . Tucsdaftt Novombor ! J . BANKRUPTCIES ANNULLED — Ciiaiilks Staiikby , ltrnnswick-wharf , Agar-town , dust contractor—Mart 11 hown , Kiufarc , tStail'ordslure , grocer and provision dealer , BANKRUPTS . —Joiin Mahtin . 405 , Strand , victualler—William . Bknnktx , U , Groat Newport-street , Newport-

    , -&Lt;* T «P P Jtyothuirii« I __^ _

    ^ nrtfolm .

    Untitled Article

    Wo should do our utmost to encournge the Beautiful , for the Useful encourage ; .-itself . —Goethe .

    Untitled Article

    ^ as is ^ r < B < c ; a > jS 3 fi » ai 2 Kaar < B ^ iiffi ' JBJBS Being the Letters of Joseph Andrews IFihou , Esq ., / rum London , to fiisfsieittts at IFoodspriitr / , Somerset shir e ^ relating the mod remarkable , events oj the d <»' , with incidents and particulars nut elsewhere published . The commencement of these Papers is unavoidably post jioncil uuiil next Saturday .

    Untitled Article

    THOKNDALE . ~ TAomdale ; or , The Conflict of Opinions . By William Sniitli , Author of " Atliel u-nl 7 a Drama , " &c . Blackwood ancTsSns Thorndale is a book of thoughts . , It contains a story of strono- human intp rest , yet the narrative , the characters , the situations are but " accessories ' tn " the writer's philosophical analysis of passions and opinions , iriauenciri * ? nervous , cultivated , intensely sad , and speculative mind . The work is e ^ structed upon a peculiar plan . First , the author describes himself us tlr ' c friend of Thorndale , who , upon hearing himself condemned as a eons \ imfr , tive patient , went to Naples to die . There , on the slope of Posilipo , in an exquisite villa secluded among the scented orange shadows , he dwelt alone thinking of life and death , and their unnumbered mysteries . Gradually a desire to write stole upon him , but fitfully was it accomplished . Sometimes the manuscript was burned ; again 5 t grew under his hand ; lastly , when it had become a whole , he concealed it on the roof of the house , and went away , to sink under his malady . His friend , coming to Posilipo , found the unprinted record of many passages in Thorndule ' s story . Hence this volume Air . Smith , while professing to leave the fragmentary ; episodes in their original condition , attributes to himself the arrangement of books and chapters The books are headed , severally—The Last Retreat ; the Retrospect ; Cyril " , or .. the ' . Modern Cistercian ; Seckendorf , or the Spirit of Denial ; ~ nn <\ ¦ Clarence , or the Utopian . A second part presents the confession of faith of aivEclectic " Utopian Philosopher , with sections on the development of the individual consciousness and on the development of society . It will be seen from this that Thorndale is not an ordinary-romance . It deals with the abstract , not the concrete . Its chapter on "truisms" and considerations on beauty , its semi-allegorical digressions , its rich clusterings of parable and metaphor , ' mark it ^ vith originality . The dialogues of Seckendorf and his friend introduce some of the most profound of the problems upon which the author has worked—the faiths of the world , the nature of progress , the characteristics of tlur animal creation generally , and especially of man . But it is in the Eclectic and Utopian Confession of Faith tbat- "the subtlest disquisitions are set forth on the existence of a God , on sensation , space , pain , pleasure , appetite , association of ideas , personal identity , the moral sentiments , and the soul , the theory reaching its climax in a final reference of all things to the Divine idea or the Divine power of being . These passages trace the development of the individual consciousness . In those which treat of the advancement of society , Mr . Smith discusses the various forms of civilization in antiquity , slavery , wages , partnership , religion , and the several modern mythological conceptions of the Deity . All this is written jii a style of cahn , reflective refinement , a gloss of freshness , and a warmth of vitality suffusing even the most recondite speculations . We have been much pleased with Thorndale . It is remarkable as . a ' philosophical study . The writer thinks for himself , and says what he thinks . He is familiar also with the-lar « re range of conflicting opinions in our own times , and sets them fairly in order of battle , without distortion or suppression . Such a book must necessarily have a salutary effect . The story is placed , moreover , within a very elegant framework , its idealisms harmonizing admirably with the terraces and light glimpses of water , the statues , urns , and bosquets of the Italian hill . When Thorndale writes , " Very exquisite is this harmony between the distant and near , I look through the branches of this graceful tree and sec a star amongst them , " we are reminded of the beautiful Claude landscape to the midst of which the lonely student has retired to dream and die . Very apposite , also , and very graceful is his argument on the sublimity of mountains , which , though barren and bleak , reflect softer tints from the sun than roses or violets . The legend of Brainah relates that once the . Naked Mountain ' s complained of their desolation , and the divinity answered , " The very light shall clothe thee , and the shadow of a passing cloud shall be as a royal mantle . More verdure would be leis light . Thou shalt shave in the azure of heaven , and the youngest and whitest cloud of a summer sky shall nestle in thy bosom . " This is Indian and poetical , like the rest of ' Ihorndale , which is here and there touched with Oriental mysticism .

    Untitled Article

    ' * s . ' . ' * ¦¦ ' " ¦ 11076 THE LEAD EH . [ No . 398 , November 7 , 1857 .

• Citation
  • Leader (1850-1860), Nov. 7, 1857, page 1076, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2216/page/20/