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Leader (1850-1860), 17th October 1857, Edition 1 of 2, Page 990, Untitled Article

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      Untitled Article

      many of the bills extending and improving : those measures aremat « rially indebted ; to its co-opemtiou . " Lord Brougham also referred to the mercantile law conferences of 1852 aud of the present year , and pointed out that such public consultations must be of use in guiding the . Leglslatur-e of tlie country in its modifications of particular laws . The conference recently held under the presidency of Prince Albert was likewise alluded to . The speaker then dilated on the Conservative effect , in the best sense of the word , -which the diffusion of knowledge is sure to have , and continued , alluding to the opponents of popular progress : —

      ' "• Ifis , in truth , ignorance continued , not knowledge advanced , which they have to fear—nay , whicJi , when we come to an explanation with them , they really do ifear . : Knowledg-e is . power ; but its natural ally is the friendly power of virtue , vith which its dominion is willingly shared . This is above alltme of the knowledge wliich we shall seek to improve and to impart . The supreme Disposer and Preserver , who 'decketh himself with light as it were a garment , but defendeth all the earth as it were with a shield , ' has provided that the false-steps into which we are led by the twilight will be prevented or retraced when the day dawns . -If any one is still alarmed at the force which the people seem to gain when their faculties are expanded by cultivation , let him recollect-that this happy process cannot be continued , and furth « r'knowledge acquired , without a new security being given by that very increase of knowledge against the delusions and the excesses from wliich the peace tffthe community has most to f « ar ;"

      HistLordship concluded amidst loud and prolonged applause ; andXord John ltussell then moved the inauguration of the Society , and thanks to Lord Brougham for bis excellent address . He bore eloquent testimony- to the life-long services of his Lordship ; and the motion , having been seconded by Mr . Cowper , M . P ., and-supported by Mr . -Recorder Hill , was carried . The proceedings soon after terminated for the day . On the following day , the inaugural addresses of 4 he five presidents of departments were delivered in

      succession in the Town-hall before the whole p f the 'members and 1 their friends . These lectures were by Lord John Russell on Jurisprudence and Amendment of the Law ; by Sir John Pakingtou on -Education ; by Lord Stanley on Public Health ; by Sir -Benjamin Brodie on Social Economy ; ami by tlie Becorder of Birmingham ( in the absence of : the -Bishop of London , who liad consented to preside over that section ) on Punishment and Reformation . The delivery of the addresses by the Presidents of Sections did not conclude until past three o ' clock , after which the business , of the sections wns commenced in their respective rooms at Queen ' s College . The business of the various sections commenced on Tuesday evening , when , in the department which comprehends Jurisprudence and the Amendment of the Law , a paper was read by Mr . E . T . Wakefield , on the ' Transfer of Land . ' In the department of Education , the Rev . Dr . Booth , the Her . Evan Davies , and Dr . Humphries , read papers on the Examination of the Society of Arts , the ' Education of the Middle Classes , ' and the ' Plan and Object . of the Eoyal College of Preceptors . ' In the third section , Mr . J . Ct Symonds , one of her Majesty's Government School Inspectors , read an essay on the subject of ' Crime growing with Density of Population : ' Mr . T . B . Baker discoursed on ' The

      Possible Extirpation of Regular Crime ; ' and the business of the section avus brought to a close by a paper from Mr . A . Hill on the ' Industrial Schools Act of 1857 . ' In the department of Social Economy , presided over by Sir Benjamin JLSrodie , a paper was read by Mr . E . Akroycl , M . I ., on ' Employers and Employed ; ' and by Mr . Hustings , on beliaVf of Miss Twining , upon the ' Condition of Workhouses . ' On the -third day ( Wednesday ) , papers were read on the ' Influence of Habitation on the Community ;* on « Houses for Working Men , their Arrangement , Drainage , and Ventilation ; ' on ' Density or' Population , and Localization of Dwellings ; ' and on ' Distinctive Principles of Punishment and Reformation . ' In the course of the day , rm address was presented -to Lord Brougham by t ! ie Birmingham and Midland Institute ; and in the evening the Mayor entertained his Lordship and the leading membcrsof the Association at dinner at Dec ' s Hotel .

      Untitled Article

      STATE OP TRADE . The reports of the trade of tho manufacturing towns during the weeik ending laat Saturday , show considerable duress , in consequence of the increase in tho rato of discount and tho Iobmos * from American failures . At Manchester , business hits also been nguiii affected by the stoppage of several ailk houses . Diriningham in stated thus far to have escaped very well tho effects of tho New York crisis . 'Bradford , at i « feared , has suffered to boiiics extent , and at all points the cessation of orders from the TJnitcd States ia likely to causo inactivity during tlie noxt fow months . Iiour or live failures—aomo of them

      of ] importaace—have been announced , fiom Glasgow . The principal was that of J . Monteitk and Co ., whose liabilities are believetl to * be extensive . They were large -shippers of Glasgow goods to America and elsewhere . The other houses mentioned are Patteson . and Co ., Macdonald and Co ., and Wallace and Co . 'Prompt measures were felt to ~ be necessary to prevent as far as possible any increase of disaster , and a committee of the Western iBank of Scotland has been summoned to : investigate the position of these and other firms . The failure has been anuouueed of the respectable firm of Messrs . Ross , Mitchell , and Co . They -were-engaged in ' -the Canadian trade , and have a house in Toronto . Their liabilities are estimated at about 25 O , 0 O 0 J ., while their assets were recently valued at about 350 , 0 . 0 W . The disaster is attributed to bills having been returned upon them agaijist which they hold securities not immediately available , and hopes are . expressed of the practicability of a resumption ' •—Times '

      In-the general business of the port of London during tlie same week there h ; -s been little change . The total of ships reported inward was 212 , showing a decrease of 15 from the previous week . The number cleared outward was 1 QD , including 20 in ballast , showing- also a decrease of 14 . The uumber of vessels on the berth loading for the Australian colonies is 64 ,-being 7 more than at the last account . —Idem .

      Untitled Article

      ACCIDENTS AND SUDDEN DEATHS . The Butterley Company ' s ISTew Colliery at Ripley , Derbyshire , has been the scene of a series of explosions by which about fifteen persons have been more or less injured . On Monday , the 5 tli inst ., an explosion took place , when two men were severely burnt . On the following day , the ground-bailiff , Mr . John-Smith , went down the pit to ascertain the state of the workings , and , while going round , the gas iynited and burnt one poor fellow very badly . Mr . Smith himself was also burnt , but not seriously . Precautions were taken to prevent further damage , and , notwithstanding the continued presence , of much foul gas , it -was consideVed safe for the men to continue at work while proper caution was taken . Early on the morning of Friday week , however , intelligence was spread that another and more fearful explosion had -taken place , by which nine men and two boys had been severely burnt . Doubts are entertained of the lives of several of these being- saved ; The immediate cause of the last explosion appears io have been the placing of a naked candle too near tfce roof .

      A fatal railway accident has owcirrrecl in Ireland . A train from Enmskillen came intofoollision with a carriage on - the rails three miles from ! Derrj ' , and forced it off the lines . The fireman and drirer of the train were thrown off and killed ; but the passengers sustained but ¦ slight injury . The line was completely blocked up . A boiler exploded at the Uasingstoke station of the South-Western Railway early last Saturday morning , or , more properly speaking , in the course of the previous night , by wliich fwo men were killed . The internal cylinder of the boiler burst , and the « . loor of tho engine , striking against tho stoker , forced him a distance of forty or fifty yards up the line , whHe the driver was blown in a contrary direction , and carried to the top of

      the refreshment-room . Both were killed at once , and greatly mutilated . They were very steady and sober men , and the engine was a new one . At the inquest , which was held on the same day , Mr . James Tandy , foreman of the builer-makers in tlie employ of the Southwestern Railway Company , said he had examined the boiler , and could not discover the cause of the accident . It appeared to be a mystery . John Sin alley said : "I was guard of the up goods train from'Southampton last night . " We arrived at Basingstokc live minutes after one o ' clock . I knew Thoroughgood and Farrell well Qthese w « re the men killed ] . I have known them ever since they have been in the company ' s service . They both seemed perfectly satisfied with the engine . I have been with the former driver of this engine , and lie liked it very much . W « were an hour late . " We wore lil ' teen minutes behind our time in starting , and I consider that we lost tho other time on the road . It is mostly uphill , and there was a very strong wind . On arriving at Basingatokc , I got put of my van and put out some oysters . Thoroughgood called out to me , ' Is there anything else , father ? ' and I replied , 'No , my boh . ' At this moment there was a terrific noi . se , liko a great cannon going off , sind something como by mo liko lightning . 1 supposed afterwards it was tho body of tho driver . The other poor fellow wo found up the line , lying face downwards , with his skull blown oft " , which wo luvvo not been able to flud . They were both perfectly sober . " As it appeared certain that no blame could bo attached to anyone , tho jury simply returned a verdict of Accidentally killed . '

      A rail wily carriage on tho Great Western Kail way took lira on Friday week a little on Mm aide of Slough . Tho passengers vsiinly endeavoured to make tho driver aware of their position ; but , after a lapse of twenty minutes , a policeman Haw thoir signals and those of some por . sona in another carriage , who had observed tho uinoko . The train was thvn stopped , though only ju . st in time to prevent tho pusaongoia in tho compartment which wub on lire from being burnt alivo . The ihuuoa

      afterwards 8 pread ,: and three carriages were consumed It is a disgrace to the railway companies that , there f no communication between the passengers and « , » engine ; but , as Sydney Smith said , until a Wshon i , burnt alive , there will be no . remedy . —Another similar case has also occurred within the last . few ; days . Three men have been drowned in the river War-, near Koedham , in consequence of a boat ,-in which-they were sailing with some others , having teen capsized bv the wind . The bodies were carried down the river bv a strong current , and were not recovered for some time The men leave families : in a more or less destitute con ' dition .

      I wo trucks , loaded with stone , were on Mondav acei dentally left on the up line of the Bristol and Ixeter Bail way , in the tunnel at Bourton , about five miles from Bristol . The tunnel was undergoing repair and the trucks had been left by the workmen . The rail at that point turns rather a sharp angle , and tl-ie train could not be stopped in time to avoid the collision . The engine and tender were knocked oft" the rails , tlie first truck was shattered to atoms , and the second was sent about a quarter of a mile up the line . The passengers , though much shaken , were not seriously injured . The next up train was warned of the danger , and kept back , fcy detonatiug balls placed along the rails .

      Mr . \\ . James , superintendent of the Leeds police force and the head of the lire-brigade of that borough , died on Monday morning under somewhat singular circumstances . On Sunday night between nine and ten o ' clock , he was called to attend witli the brigade at a fire which had broken out at tlie patent felt cloth manufactory . He went into one of the rooms of the building to discharge a patent fire nnnihilator . Some other per ° sons were also in tbe same room for a similar purpose ; and , after two or three of the annihilators had been discharged , Mr . James was found lying on the floor in a state of unconsciousness . He was quickly got into a purer atmosphere , and was attended by medical men ; but he never recovered his consciousness , and died on the following morning . The cause of his death was apoplexy .

      While the farm-servants of Mr . Ureth ' wick , of Mountpleasant , near Boston , were preparing a thrashingmachine for work last Saturday morning , the boiler suddenly burst , and the fragments were blown iu all directions , some of them to a great distance . A poor woman , the wife of a labouring man , with live children , ¦ was torn to pieces by the explosion . A boy who was standing by was very seriously , but not fatally , injured . Two trains on the South Wales Railway m « t each ether about noon on Wednesday between Pyle and Port Talbot , and a horrible crash ensued . The tenders of the two trains were crushed into the carriage , dreadfully mutilating twelve of the passengers , bruising and cutting many others , and killing a child on the spot . It was some time before medical assistance could be procured for the sufferers , and in the meanwhile it was feared that'the express train , then due , would run into them . This , however , did not happen . It appears tlmt the Accident was caused by one of the rail 3 being blocked up by a previous break-down , owing £ o > which the down train was culpably ordeied to proceed on the up line Two of the sulJbrerd have since died .

      Untitled Article

      AMERICA . The financial affairs of the United States appear to bo again settling themselves into something like order . The New York tihippiny List says : —" A conferoiio * . uf tliu leading bank olliceid has been held , wliich resulted in a resolution to recommend an Immediate increase of loans and discounts to the extent of three per cent . This will doubtless produce a favourable effect , and have a tendency to strengthen confidence- in a good degree . There never was a year since our existence a 3 a nation when the same extent of those . resources which constitute tho only real basis of prosperity irero so abundant or so valuable . The crops already gathered exceed jill precedent , Jind those of the south , iu cotton , sugar , rice , and tobacco , will realise more money by many millions than they ever did before . " Some further particulars are given by the New York Tlmvi , which writes : — " The suspended banks of Philadelphia and liultiinore are gradually settling themselves down upon a non-specie currency , and their movements for tho next twelve months will be regulated in the first p lace ) by the legitimate demands upon them by their merchants ; and , ( secondly , by the means and measures essential ton restoration at an early day . Of a resumption , there is no hope under twelve mouths . Tiie . salon of produce

      and of merchandise , and bu . sincss operations generally , iu thuHuunciulcd cities , must , bo adapted to a dojiredntoil currency ; hence prices , when compared with l-horto ol JSew York , will be nominally higher , but , in I ' acl , will ha somewhat lower . Tho foreign exports of tha country niiiHl , be regulated by the specie Htnndurd only . 'l ' process of redemption of country bank Issues goe * (| U with regularity and conmwLency . Tlie Wank ciiv . ulntiou of lihodo Island will bo taken to any extent in tin ; Payment of current liabilitien in that State or in Uio purchase ol' cotton goods , tho latter boiixg more dniirouHudm market value , tliun the bank bills . Tims fur Urn . suspension ox tonda to tho bunktf ol ' Philadelphia , J-iincastcr , Pittsburgh ( tho Bank of Pittsburgh only o-scop tcilj ,

      Untitled Article

      99 © THE LE . ADBE . Wo . ; 39 tx , Ocsdo-kexr 17 lft * ' ? J

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), Oct. 17, 1857, page 990, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2214/page/6/