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Leader (1850-1860), 5th September 1857, Edition 1 of 2, Page 854, Untitled Article

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      plored . And under , social economy lies the relation of the employer to the , employed , of tlie citizen to the State , of the superannuated or helpless citizen to the able-bodied . The first prospectus rather , confirms our apprehension that the new scientific society is only to deal empirically with proper rules for the T > est management of things as they are . " The object of the National Association is , as its name implies ,, to aid the development of the social sciences , and to guide the public-mind to the best practical means of » A ' _> —

      promoting the Amendment of the X * aw , the Advancement of Education , the Prevention and ^ Repression of Crime , the [ Reformation of Criminals , the Establishment of due Sanitary Regulations , and . the recognition of sound principles in all questions of Social Economy . " But amongst th . e general committee we find Jobot StauAjax . Miu& , tha philosopher who first used the word ' sociology ; ' Soutblwood Smith , who has a glance far beyond his own science of physic j . John Simon , one of the new physiological moralists j Lord Shaftesbtjby and the [ Reverend Frederic Matibice

      philosophers in spite of theix bigotry ; AiiFBEBHili * , an hereditary sociologist ; Pakew gton , that student who has" made so much , progress ever since he entered the bad school of the House of Commons ; Jobust B—ss : e : li * ,. preserving the freshness of youth in his maturest studies ; . AaTHLina HiiiiM Ekcon ^ another student ; Wiuciam &laj > stq : ne , -who is ambitious to be more teacher than student ; GtoiMEBiaH , for whom we may re-verse that expression ; Aethub , Bjb : lps Indeed we must break , sbort , or , we might particularize nearly th © whole general committee .

      In the departmental committeea will be found the sarau ^ names redistributed , and others not less conspicuous—Professor Tjevt ., Arthur Symoobtds ,. G-eo&ge Dawson , Hobace Mann , O . B . Adixehiley , and above all M . D . Hiiyl .

      There is one advantage in the specific objects' which are laid before the society . The general committee combines a various and wide amount of influence , standing in different classes of society , in different parts of the country , in different sections of inquiry , and representing the most opposite opinions . Specific objeets will be the first means to combine these varying influences and opinions , and profounder inquiries will naturally follow after the meaa have become emboldened at their work . Should the Society terminate

      with nothing but suggestions as to the best regulations for an existing state of things , it will be an incorporated bathos , and will be punished by the ridicule that it will draw on itaelf . It may have some difficulty in avoiding the opposite danger , of launching into wide- generalities , into theories as yet not sufficiently warranted , and into bootless inquiries . But President Brougham ia a man capable both- of loosening too great restraint and of applying restraint when necessary Nor do- we find in the- chairmen , of the

      departmental committees—John . Russell for jurisprudence , Pakingeqn for education , the Bishop of London for punishment , and reformation ,, Iiord Stanley for public health —any sign of the opposite qualities . Perhaps the committee "which has the heaviest burden thrown upou . it , and , with somo exceptions , shows the least sign of strength , is that of * social economy ; ' Lord Lyttklion

      hears the xepute of high intellect and generous feeling , but he also appears to be somewhat under the restraints of sectarian opinion . Many members of this committee , which ought , ta go far in . ita scope , are certainly wedded to the shortcoming philosophy of modern ocoaxouayj bufc in the list wo see stronger men , such as Goj > ebioh , Champs B ; rax » Abseilur Hbxbs , and John Sxuabx Mm ,.

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      trial he qudts his place ,, approaches the two ( Generals present , kisses their hands , and bowing meekly and with a sweet smile , aaya t < x General Montujban , « I am weary of all this ; take thy sword and pass it through my body . Quite , an Arab Hami ^ t in the witnessrbox ! The only trustworthy witness agamr . t the accused ia Bel Kheib , an Arab officer iu the ; French service . He has never varied , in ^ testimony , and his evidence is directly to the . point , lie also bears testimony , as do all

      the witnesses , to ' Doineait ' s strength of will and force of character , subduing all opposition . " He was our Sultan , " said tlie witnesses , even the Cadis and Agas ; " who eauld resist him ? " He ordered summary executions- by the dazen , and though General Beaufoect owns to having directed many of those , some remain to stamp Doineah as a military Judge Lynch , giving short shrift to Arabs Avho had offended the laws , or himself . The French officers who were examined ta

      characterj or to subsidiary points of the evidence , seemed all eager to exculpate Doineatj . General Montatjbajs" suggested an eelatant exculpation : he advised a friend , to let . the prisoner have , a pair of pistols : suicide would save the epaulettes from the touch of the executioner . The pistols" * were not sent , and Dohteau has been found , guilty and condemned to death- It is said in Paris that the sentence will be changed to imprisonment for life .

      On the 12 th of last September ( nearly a year ago ) the diligence between Tlemcen and Oran was stopped by Arab marauders . Amongst the passengers was the Aga Ben-Akdaxlah . The other passengers ,, after a short contest , fled , and when they returned with help , they found in the coupe the dead body of Ben Abdailah , his secretary mortally wounded lying by his side . The crime of course caused great sensation in Oran , and Montauban , the general of the

      district , urged Doineatj to discover the murderers , for thai ; officer was , it appears , an active man in thai line . Doineaxt said , "I suspect the tribe of - the Beni War ; " the general indieated ^ Tlemcen as the home of the criminals ; but the widow of Ben Abda : l : lah , breaking- through the reserve of the liarem , rushed into the street and accused Aga Bel Hadj . This man is an Arab counterpart of

      The whole story is a strange revelation of the manner of French government in Africa . Our gallant neighbours seem as unscrupulous and rapacious as ourselves in India , in our early career ; but with a . difference . Our worst offenders ia peculation were in oldtimes the factors , or first civil servants of . the Company , but the French have combined the soldier and the swindler . There is also this

      TEE FRENCH IN NIGERIA . Thb story of Captain DonoAnc shows- how Frenchmen can act as well as write the romances which see ^ n to us intense and exaggerated . The French , military chief of an . Arab bureau ^ h& practised savage vices with , all the cunning of civilization . He was coarse , strong-minded , and active , dominating the indolent minds nf f , " h « Arabs- —a TsTAPOTYKn'w ' -

      in . his small way : the Aga Ben Abj > al-Ii ah was chief of a trib e—a man . of weight in the province ; of Oran : a feud arose between the two . The Frenchman was jealous of the local influence of the Aga , and , it is alleged , also afraid of the discovery of peculations which the Aga might denounce . The imputed motives of the men are obseure , but the main facts ar& clear .

      Doiiteau ; to the low cunning and savage greed of the Arab he adds the politeness and ' philosophy ' of a Parisian . He is an officer of the legion of Honour , and has been nine years in . the service of France . He had been grossly insulted by the murdered man , who had said to him 3 " Oh , son of a dog 1—it is your father who is a dog . " "Whereupon Bel TT \ t » . t laid his hand upon his beard , and swore lie would have the old man ' s blood .

      difference : the French government of Algeria is good in system , paved like Hell with good intentions , but peopled by blue devils in red trousers . This very trial reveals a willingness to do justice to the Arabs on the part of the civil authorities , while the evils proceed from the crimes of individuals . In India , 011 the contrary , there has been a system bad in plan and bad in . faith , ably and on the whole kindly administered by energetic generous Englishmen . The cold cruelties of Indiau rule came from civilians high

      Shortly after he was arrested , Bel IIa . d j , and seventeen other Arabs , confessed that they had murdered IBe ^ Addallah , but that Captain Doineatj directed them , partly using Ms official power , but relying mainly , it is clear , on the force of his personal character . If the eighteen Arabs who made this singular confession were of one- story , their evidence vyould be satisfactory ; but they lie like chambermaids . Each day of the trial betrays new contradictions . Bjbl Hadj

      in office—all the genial sympathies and good . tact from military instruments and subordinates . There is not much to boast of oil either side ; though , in individually emulating our vices , the French , as becomes that apt ; nation , have bettered the example . It is also curious to note in this and other examples , what a thin veneer is modern civi lization . ' Scrape a Parisian—you find am Arab beneath . ' The accomplished officer of the Legion of Honour hears the doom o £

      is , however , tlxe prince of prevaricators . He tells 011 the first day a circumstantial story , accusing Doinbau . On the next day , during the examination of another accusing witness , the Frenchman exclaims , of coarse ' with emotion : ' " Let Bel Hadj Ido again examined . It is impossible that that man , whom I have never injured , and whose , good services to France have won him the rank of Aga , and the decoration of officer of the Legion * of Honour , should not return to the truth . " This curious way of taking evidence is , it seems , allowed in French courts , and

      death quite unmoved ; but when ho hears tho additional sentence that hiscrossof tbo Leg ion of Honour is , to be removed , ' unsoupir ctouffe s ' echappo do sa poitrino , ct . son regard sc love vers lo ciel . ' Affecting ; yet tin ' s man lies in wait , for his foo like a tiger , and roles the wild beasts around him like a king among brutes . On the other sido of tho globe , Eli Boogis , with a name like a Victoria Theatre villain , aud ' a face of feminine beauty /

      sia-Bei . Hadj is called again to confront the Kodja Si Mouambd , who has sworn against DoiifEAU . Bex Had j ia asked again to tell the truth : " Did Doinhau command thorn to kill the Aga . ? " Bel Hadj hesitates , thoix turns to the Kodja , and pressing his hands on his "breast , and in a voico of remarkable sweetness , Buys to . him , " Now that wo are in tho face of death , should wo accuse tbo Captain ? " This , of course , produces ' lively sensation . ' But . tho next day this silkon Aga again accuses Doinjkat ; , and so ho goes on from prevarication to prevarication , and ' truly Has on to tho cloao . ' Ono day of the

      gularly combines tho cool American p leading ; for his life , and tUo pirate murdering scores by his own . hand . If ifc humiliate us to think that modern accomplishments , commencing with ' French and jurisprudence , ' may end in . robbery and murder , wo take , heart , seeing every day that some men unite tho mental superiority of our timo and nation to a physical endurance and bravery of soul no savngo can show . Look at Rajah Bboqice ,, burne d

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      854 T-H- B LEABER , [ No . 389 * Sepobembbk 5 18 & 7 ^—^^^^—^—^^—I— — ^—

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), Sept. 5, 1857, page 854, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2208/page/14/