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Leader (1850-1860), 9th May 1857, Edition 1 of 2, Page 438, Untitled Article

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      for the purchase of the tomb and habitation of the Emperor Napoleon I . at St . Helena . Prince Gregory Ghika , aide-de-camp of the Kaimakau of Wallachia , has arrived in Paris on a political mission . A grand review of 50 , 000 men , composing the elite of the French array , took place in the Champ de Mars on Weduesdayy in the presence of the Grand Duke Constantine . '

      ITAL . T . The Empress Dowager of Hussin , paid a visit on the 25 th nit . to the Pope , at the Vatican , and was very courteously received by the successor to St . Peter . A curious meeting , this , of Eastern and Western , of Greek and Latin , Christianity ! The debate on the bill for transferring the marine establishment of the Kingdom of Sardinia to Spezzia commenced in the Chamber of Deputies at Turin on the 28 th ult ., and -was continued in the following sitting . MM . Pareto , Pallavicini , and Solaro dclla Margherita were among the chief speakers against the bill ; M . Mamiani spoke in its favour . Count de Cavour , in reply to the various arguments of the Opposition , denied his having awakened hopes of liberty among the Italians on his return from Paris , and declared that the policy of Piedmont was liberal , and not revolutionary . He

      showed that the fears entertained by some members that the project was secretly recommended by a foreign Power ( meaning England ) , with a view to seizing the place afterwards and converting it into a second Gibraltar , ¦ were utterly devoid of foundation , and that England , although she did not oppose the project , was far from being partial to it . How could she expect to take possession ! of Spezzia without a sanguinary war with all the European . Powers , among whom France would stand foremost , since she would consider Toulon menaced ? As to France , he could not tell whether she approved the project ; but , considering the alliance existing between that country and Piedmont , and the interests of France , he could not but think that she must see the improvement in the Piedoaontese navy with pleasure , as calculated to render Piedmont strong in Italy . With respect to the Cabinet of Vienna , he declared he was perfectly ignorant of its opinion on the subject .

      The Roman Government has lowered the duties on a great number of imported articles , such as silks , linen and cotton goods , woollens , < Sbc . It has been encouraged to this step by the good effects that have already ensued from the previous reductions . The Pope has signalized the Easter festivities by various acts of ' clemency , ' including a permission to return to Rome granted to Signor Sturbinetti , the chief of the Roman municipality during the Republican Government of 1849 . The two Mayors of Genoa , annoyed , at the project for removing the Naval Arsenal to Spezzia , and at the consequent loss to them of certain contracts , have refused to pay their taxes . The town council has , therefore , been dissolved by the Government , which has appointed an intendant in its place . This act has caused a great deal of excitement and angry feeling .

      RUSSIA . The prohibition of . the exportation of gold has been rescinded . The Government has just published the treaty of commerce and navigation with Japan . The treaty consists of nine articles . The ports of Simoda , Hakodada , and Nangasaki are thrown open to

      commerce , A committee is about to be formed in St . Petersburg ( says a letter from that capital ) for the affairs of the Grand Duchy of Finland . Every measure relative to that province will undergo a preliminary examination by this committee , to decide whether it is in conformity ¦ with the particular laws of the Grand Duchy , and to point out to the Emperor the motives on which their decision is come to . The committee is to bo composed of five members , Count Armfeldt , Secretary of State for the Grand Duchy , being the president . A similar committee formerly existed , but it was abolished in 1825 , on the accession of the late Einperor Nicholas .

      AUSTRIA . The persons charged with making tho preparations for tho reception in Hungary of the Emperor and Empress are exciting groat animosity by the domineering way in which they order tho nobility to burst into a spontaneous combustion of loyalty at tho approach of the Imperial visitors . The Magyars do not like being coerced into satisfaction ; but they are afraid of refusing . The following- passage in an address of tho Hungarian Protestants to the Emperor is said to have given great

      offence : — "It cannot have escaped your Majesty ' s attention that the most salutary laws , if based on resolutions taken by GoYernment , instead of being the oinanationa of the rolvgwras convictions of tho Protestant Confessions , are for from producing a tranquillizing effect : on the contrary , they create alarm , inasmuch as tbey shako principles which are based on the independence that is secured (< 7 e » fcAer *) by the Protestant canons . Tho feeling of our independence—which independence is « eeourod by law and by treaties o € peaoe guaranteed by foreign states—inducos ua to hope that the settlement of our ( spiritual ) affairs will bo . left to ourselves . "

      A deputation of the Protestants of Hungary has waited on the Emperor . It was headed by the Privy Councillor de Lonyai , who , speaking in the Magyar language , besought his Majesty to grant to the church of Hungary the right of convoking a general Synod , to deliberate on an organic statute for the church and schools of the reformed creed . The Emperor promised to take the request into consideration , and to accede to it as much as possible . The burgomaster of Saaz , in Bohemia , has ordered all the Jewish families residing in that town to quit it within a fortnight . The Hebrews there comprise about sixty families .

      SWEDEN . The Swedish Government has transmitted to its diplomatic agents at foreign Courts a circular in which some remarks are made on the recent Danish note with reference to the Scandinavian Question . After expressing the lively astonishment' of the King of Sweden at tho long piece of reasoning , ' not justified by any act of his Majesty ' s Government , ' which the Danish Government has put forth ' on a question which has been hitherto confined to literary discussion , ' the document proceeds : — " M . de Scheele [ the Danish Foreign Minister ]] says , among other things , that 'he will not examine if really the conduct pursued by the Governments of the North was the most appropriate to circumstances , and that which ought to have been chosen , if it had been possible to measure in advance the proportions which the

      Scandinavian agitation would take . ' The King [ of Sweden ] does not recognise in any one whatsoever the right to cast , officially , in a letter addressed to the agents of a foreign Power , and to be communicated to the Cabinets to which they are accredited , a blame , direct or indirect , on the acts of his Government , even though that blame should fall on the manner of acting of his own Government , which the minister , author of the circular in question , appears to envelop in the same disapprobation . It is our duty to remark on this unusual manner of expression , in order to prevent any repetition of the same . I have without doubt no need to add that no concert was come to with us touching the affair in question , and that no previous explanation relative thereto was asked for or obtained from us . " The circular concludes with an expression of the Swedish monarch ' s friendly feeling towards the King of Denmark .

      SPAIN . Narva , ez , it is believed , has been endeavouring for some time past to obtain the support and co-operation of O'Donnell , who however , refuses to be connected with the existing Government . The Gazette contains a decree summoning to the colours 50 , 000 men of the conscription of 1857 . General Urbistondo , chief of the King's military household , and lately Minister of War in . the present Cabinet , who recently died after a lingering illness , was buried on the morning of the 28 th ult . with much pomp , the king ' s carnage and aides-de-camp forming part of the procession . The Queen is said to be in the fourth month of her pregnancy . As she has had one or two miscarriages at that period , her physicians cause her to live very strictly , and she ia not even to leave the Palace until the end of

      the present month . The Cortes opened on the 1 st of May , when Marshal Narvaez read in the Queen ' s name an Address in which , after announcing the re-establishment of friendly relations with the Courts of Home and St . Petersburg , and intimating a hope that the Mexicun Government is beginning to prove that it will not countenance the acts of injustice and inhumanity which have been committed by its citizens on Spanish subjects , the sovereign is made to aay : — " Public tranquillity and internal security are completely guaranteed , and the municipal elections and those for tho legislative body were effected without any

      disturbance . I have been also ublo to give myself up without fear to tho maternal feelings of my heart , by granting a political amnesty so general and so , complete that not a single Spaniard has been excluded from it . My Government will propose to you an important measure—tho reform of tho Senate , founded on certain restrictions in tho conditions of admission ; tho union of tho dignity of senator with the higho . it charges in tho Church and State ; and tho introduction of hereditary descent as a now element of stability and force , atwl as a means of preserving in a permanent manner the glorious names of those who in past times and at present have , in serving their country , added to its fame . " elected President of

      M . Murtincz do la Kosa has been the Cortes , and MM . Maguieru , Forreira , Alonao , and Count do Vitfi , alierinoa »> , Vice Presidents . Mgr . Simooui , tho Pope ' s nuncio ad itUbrlin , arrived on the 1 st inat . Tho mother of Marshal O'Donnell has just expired . FOItTlTOAJt ,. At the sitting of the Lisbon Chamber of Deputies on the 28 th ulu , the iXvaf . three articles of the project of law authorizing tho Govornmont to carry out the railway contract mode with Sir M . Peto wore voted by a largo majority . The remamdor of tho project wan expected to be voted on the 29 th , and there seemed to bo every chance of the contract being carried out . TUitKKY . A Turkish vessel tnm . Tripoli , having fifteen alftvoa

      on board , has been seized at Tchesrae on the rem sition of the English consul-general . The muniHnoi couucil at Smyrna has ordered the slaves to be set « # liberty . * Ismail Pasha , commandant of the army of AnatoT has been removed to the command of the arm * t Arabistau . ' Au Imperial order has been sent to the Greek Bishop requiring them to carry into execution the reform * ^ Z creed in 1856 . ^^ The 23 rd ult . was the day fixed for the Nikiah Jiaiiqailles , of the Sultan's three daughters , who had heen promised in marriage some tiir . e ago to Mahmoud Pacha . son of Fetbi Ahmed Pacha , Grand Master of the Artil

      lery ; Ethem Pacha , son of Mehemet Ali Pacha , Capitan Pacha ; and El Ilami Pacha , son of the late Abbas Pacha , Viceroy of Egypt . The description of the procession of the presents occupies nearly a column of the Times , wherein the type seems to flash with jewellery embroidery , silks , satins , velvets , and gold and silver tissue . The reader instinctively reverts to the presents sent by Aladdin to the royal father of the Princess Badroulbadour , and perceives that the East still clin"s to its traditionary splendours even in these days , and ° within the limits of Europe .

      THE DASUBIAN PRINCIPALITIES . The Wallachian Government , it is stated , has definitively fixed the loth of June for the elections in Wallachia . Notwithstanding this postponement , the Unionist party , remaining calm and moderate , continues to feel certain of success . The arbitrary acts of the Kaimakan of Moldavia continue . rnu&siA . Baron Liebig has discovered arsenic to a large amount in the loaves of bread forwarded to him from Hon " - Kong for analysis . Prince Alfred of England has arrived at Gotha .

      SWITZERLAND . Colonel Denzler , commanding tho lie-publican troops , and a member of the Grand Council of jS ' cui ' chatel , has published a letter addressed by him to the Cantonal Government , blaming the acceptance of the treaty without cousultiug the Grand Council . Tho Colonel expresses a hope that the people and Grand Council of Jseufchatel will declare themselves against the treaty , to which lie considers the status quo preferable . The text of the treaty has been iioir-offieially published in the Swiss papers ; but , as the version appears to be incorrect , wo do not reproduce it .

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      THE BANK OF LONDON CASE . The charge against Mr . Coekburn of conspiring to damage the Bunk of London by publishing libels upon it , was further gone into hist Saturday before the Lord Mayor . A Mr . John Lawson appeared on this occasion as well as Coekburn . The additional evidence went to show that Coekbum managed the paper , and was constantly about the printing-ouicc , taking away proofs , and bringing them back again , corrected ; that Mr , Lawson read and altered the proofs ; that he was in the habit of going to the printing-office , though less often than Mr .

      Coekburn ; that , when done with , the manuscripts were taken away , and the proofs burnt ; that Mr . Cookburn told tho printer to call Mr . Lawson by the name of Williams , as he didn ' t want the men and boys to know him by his real name ; that , after the printing of the l > uper hud loft that ollico , and subsequently to the commencement of these proceedings , Mr . Coekburn had called ou the original printer , and had said , " 1 hope you luivc not got any of my copy hero—I don ' t want it to go into any other hands , " but that , previously to twit " , some hail beon fetched away by tho policoj and that tho persona described as the publishers of the Joint Stock Companies Journal were in no way connected with it . The person employed to carry about tho placards said : " air . Coekburn told me that , if any policuinnn came up , and ordered me to move on , I was to go on a little way and return again , llo said , if a policeman came and threatened to take n > o into custody , 1 was to tell

      him 1 didn ' t care , for he ( Mr . Cockbum , ) would soou come and i'cLcli me out of prison . 1 had moM u b' °° muny copies of tho paper before I was taken " > t custody . 1 gave 5 s . 10 d . which I received for papers , to » Jr . Cookburn . 1 remember a gentleman asking Mr . Coekburn , when ho was putting tho board round my neck , if what was printed on it was true ; nnu no Haiil it was quite as true u » that about the UrilisU JJanK . In tho cross-examination of Mr . Francis Pftlnior , «««»» the secretary ' s othco of tho Bunk of London , tuut tllU MVMVUIM ^ fc # vn-Bw * - - — - — -- — — - , nut tho urcmoni

      gentleman aaid . — " Tho placard roiord to ru of ami hBiiuned and forty shareholders . That stutumunt in untrue . Thuy did not alt retire . Some of Utom have died , and their shares ure in the nainos ot ww executors ; others huvo sold ihuir ahnros . A Jwnciruu and Lhh-ty bharcj have been bought by ninety otl ' "\ lltf-oxaminud by Mr . Bodkin ( for thu nroiwout on ; - " The ncrtiona who have , retired have wold tUeir s ""' to other persona who lm-wo bought thum . Kvery » imr is roproaontod by a proprietor . " Thu Lord Maywi-

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      OUR CIVILIZATION

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  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), May 9, 1857, page 438, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2192/page/6/