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it was found that both this explosion and that of tie Carlo III . " were owing to the spontaneous ignition of a peculiar compound invented for military purposes toy one of the officers who perished on board that vessel . TURKET . An audacious act of piracy has just been committed at the port of Pittalo , in one of the little isles of the Sea of Marmora , near Constantinople . A small vessel , carrying twenty-six armed men , dashed into the harbour , ¦ where twelve or thirteen vessels were lying , which had been driven in by the rough weather , and , coming alongside a barque which had put in there , on its way from Kulali to Constantinople , the pirates leaped on board , seized and bound the crew , and plundered the vessel . They attacked and pillaged all the other vessels in tlie port , one after another , and carried off a great deal of bootyamongst which was a box containing 16 , 000
bassador at the court of Pekin , with the right of access 1 to the Emperor ' s person ; all which is granted in exj change for assistance which the Czar undertakes to give I the present dynasty against the rebels . I xiIE DAMUBIAM PRINCEPALITtEB . j The Russian Government , according to the French ! journal , La Patrie , has despatched a memorandum to its diplomatic agents in foreign countries , advocating the union of Moldavia and "Wallachia . Kaboul Effendi , the first interpreter to the Di-van , left Constantinople on the 18 th ult . for Moldavia , on a mission to convey to Jassy the firman for the convocation of the Divans ad hoc . Kiamel Bey , the introducer of ambassadors , who is charged with a similar mission in Wallachia , left the same day for Bucharest . Balsche , the Kaimakaa of Moldavia , has died suddenly .
The Moldavian troops ( according to a despatch from Vienna ) occupied and garrisoned , on the 23 rd ult .. the towns of Bolgrad , Ismail , and Reni , surrendered by the Russians in pursuance of the Treaty of Paris . The same despatch mentions that the Russians Tvere expected to take possession of Komrat and the new territory on the Upper Yalpuck some time between the 25 th of lebrua ' ry and the 1 st of March , at which period the boundary would be defined .
, piastres . The captain and two sailors of a Chiote bombard , having attempted resistance , were killed . The pirates then , talcing with them their own vessel and the first barque which they had captured , sailed away from Pittalo , but afterwards visited the Asiatic shore , where they committed various depredations , and at last , at a point between Karta Liman and Fanaraki , abandoned the barque , leaving the crew still in their bonds . One of the sailors contrived , after the departure of the pirates , to crawl over to a comrade , and with his teeth untie the cords by which the other was bound ; and so they all regained their liberty . The pirates have not been overtaken .
Two intendants have been arrested at Constantinople for being concerned in a considerable robbery from the Treasury of the Sultan . Mehemed Bey , a Hungarian by birth and family , but a Turk by adoption , and a colonel in the Sultan ' s army , has been elected by the Circassian National Council to the command in chief of their army . He had distinguished himself in the Hungarian war of independence , and is connected with Circassiaby marriage . On receiving the intelligence of hia election , he applied some funds with , - which he had beea furnished by the Circassians to
the purchase in London of arms and ammunition , which had no sooner arrived than he resigned his post of chief of the Turkish general staff , hired an English steamer arid a brig , and set sail for Circassia with three hundred Poles and the Implements of war . When they went on board at Buyukdere , the Polish flag was hoisted , and tho adventurers sang the national war hymn . The Russian ambassador , on getting intelligence of these matters , asked the Grand Vizier for explanations . Inquiries were made , and the reply then given was that Mehemed Bey had illegally absconded from , his post . It is said that the Russian ambassador means to send off" a war steamer in pursuit of the expedition ; but the papers of the English captain are quite regular , and the Russians appear to be powerless .
SPAIN . The Polaco party , the chiefs of which , driven out in 1864 , have but recentl y been allowed to return , lias been greatly exasperated at the marked disfavour by which it is viewed at the palace , where none of its representatives are ever asked to the balls . In revenge , they say that it is time to get . rid of the present Queen , and to replace her by the Duchesse de Montpensier . " It is stated , " writes the Times Madrid Correspondent , "but I do not vouch for the truth of it , that the Spanish Government has applied to those of England and Prance to know if they will allow their naval forces to watch over tho safety of the island of Cuba while those of Spain proceed from that island upon an expedition against Mexico . I am assured that up to yesterday ( February 22 nd ) no answer had been received to this inquiry . "
GERMANY . After an interruption of nearly two years , the two Chambers of Wurteinberg , which were indefinitely prorogued in 1855 , have just been convoked by the King for tho 10 th of March , to resume their deliberations at Stuttgard . SWITZEHLAND . The authorities of Neufchfttel are apprehensive of a now attempt on the part of tho Royalists . The Republican officers have assembled in council on tho subject . The militia has received instructions to hold itself in readiness for eventB . The posts have been doubled , and the Gendarmerie reinforced by tho Guides .
DENMARK . Denmark has despatched her reply to tho notes of Prussia and Austria on tho subject of tho Duchiea . In thin reply , which forms a voluminous document , tho Danish Government enters into details already known . It rojecta tho demands of tho two German Powers , declines tho intervention of tho Germanic Diet , and declares that tho King is decided on maintaining " tho rights confided to him by God and tho nation . " Count do Bulow , tho Danish Knvoy , has arrived . According to rumours in circulation , lio i 3 charged with a special nussion relative to tho uuuira of Ilolstoin .
UUS 81 A . Kussia is stated to havo obtained from China the cession of three tUowmnd ncrea in Chusan for a naval port , leave for the establishment of commercial factories » ud tlio confirmation of tho privilege of a resident am-
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MAINE LIQUOR LAW DISTUEBANCES IN EDINBURGH . Some violent disturbances have taken place in Edinburgh , in consequence of a disagreement between the advocates of total abstinence and of indulgence in spirituous liquors . Dr . Laycock , the professor of physic in Edinburgh University , delivered , some weeks ago , two lectures on " the Physiology of Drunkenness—its causes and remedies , " to the members of the Total Abstinence Society . Unfortunately for the listeaers , the Professor argued against total abstinence , and showed that Mr . Forbes Mackenzie ' s Sunday Closing Act had had the effect of producing a vast amount of perjury , evasion , and smuggling . The use of alcoholic drinks , he observed , has prevailed in all ages , and it is therefore in vain to endeavour to suppress it T > y any legislative enactment . If the Maine Liquor Law were introduced , he added , the prevarication and perjury which are now
confined to one day of the week would , be spread over the entire week . These remarks were received with a great deal of hooting , and , at the close , a Mr . McLaren , accused the professor of having libelled the Edinburgh police—au intention which Dr . Laycock repudiated ; and shortly afterwards he left . A lecture in reply was delivered by a Dr . Lees , and another , under the sanction of the Edinburgh Board for the Suppression of the Liquor Traffic , was announced for the evening of Monday week . The placard was headed " Dr . Laycock Dissected . " The students of the University looked on this as an insult to their professor . They therefore issued a counter placard , calling on all of their body to attend , and avenge the impertinence . On the appointed evening , the hall was completely packed by the students , who prevented the delivery of the lecture by a scene of wild confusion . Having thus secured the defeat of their enemy , the students paraded the town , induced Dr . Laycock to come out into the balcony of his house and address them , and then noisily dispersed . Their next performance , a day ' or two after , was to burn several copies of two teetotal newspapers on the
top of Calton Hill , the University authorities having forbidden the cremation within the walls , according- to the original deaign . A great deal of rioting in the Edinburgh streets next ensued , and the police found it necessary to charge the learned mob repeatedly . Several persons were hurt , and some of tho students vere apprehended , but soon set at liberty . This continued on Friday week ; and on the following day the students waited on Mr . Hope , the manager of tho teetotal lecture , to demand from him an apology for tho obnoxious phrase . That gentleman refused , saying tlie apology ¦ was duo to him . The populace , however , by this time liad been aroused , and serious disturbances between tho rabblo and the police continued through , tlio Friday ; but the students , nt the advice of Dr . Laycock , withdrew from further demonstrations , and order ia once moro restored .
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THE ASSIZES . George Forster , a young nmn employed as a ' liurrier ' in a coalpit at Micklcy , near Newcastle , has been found Guilty at tho last-mentioned town of embezzling 171 . Is . 6 d ., tho property of hia employers , the owners of tho pit . It is the custom of that colliery to pay tho men by Imtehca of n dozen with a pnynotc , on which ia entered the lianio of each man , nntl also the amount duo to each . Any one of these muii receives tho no to , by ngrcoinent among themRolven , gets it ensued , and nfterwards divides tho money . Uu Saturday , tho 12 th of laat Decoinber , Forstor and eleven other men wore thus classed together in n note on which 18 / . Ida . 2 < 1 . was payable , the joint amount of tliciv weekly wages . A
person named Althar , one of those men , had been accustomed to obtain the pay note and get it cashed ; but that day , being in hia working clothes , he asked Forster to do it for him , the prisoner ' s name being on the note He complied , obtained the money , and fled , 6 ut ' »« soon afterwards apprehended , - when the greater part of the money was found to have been spent . The defence -was that Forster , iu this particular transaction , was the agent of the men , not of his employers , and that he could not be convicted of embezzling from the latter But the jury took a different view , and Forster was sentenced to six months' imprisonment and hard labour John Johnson Walker has been found Guilty at the same Assizes of violently assaulting on the hi ° -h road one John Kobinson , and stealing from Ms person the sum of 115 ? . He was sentenced to four years' penal servitude .
Tnomas Wilson , a deaf and dumb man , was indicted for stealing a silver watch . On the afternoon of the 9 th of January , he called at the house of a person named Charlton , and found Mrs . Cbarlton alone . Having made signs to her indicating that he was deaf and dumb , which she could not comprehend , he drew from , his basket a slate , and v / rote upon it that he was much distressed , as the police had taken all his things , in consequence of his having been found hawking without a license . Mrs . Charlton , not "being able to read the writing , sought the help of a neighbour , and , as it-was
rather dusk at the time , Wilson motioned to them to go near the door for better light , -while he remained by the fireplace . During this interval , he took down a watch which was suspended over the mantel-piece , and , after making signs that he was hungry , though rejecting some bread which had been offered to him , he left . As soon as the husband returned home in the evening , he missed his watch , which he afterwards traced to a lodginghouse where Wilson had hired abed . Here he turned up the missing property from under the mattress . The accused was convicted , and sentenced to six months ' hard labour .
John Lewis , a skinner , has "been tried at Swansea for the murder of his wife on the 4 th of last January at the house of a Mr . Morgan , at Merthyrj where both -were employed . Our readers are already ia possession of the circumstances . The jury could not agree as to their verdict , and they were locked up during the whole of the night of Friday week ; but , as they had not come to any understanding on the following morning , they were dismissed , and Lewis was discharged . He will be tried again , however , at the Summer Assizes .
J " abcz Thomas , Eowland Rowlands , and Morgan Bowlan < ls , were tried at Swansea on Monday , charged with the wilful murder of William Thomas , Samuel Edmonds , and another , on the 15 th of last July . An explosion took place at the Cyrnmer colliery on the day in question , by which one hundred and fourteen persons were killed . Jabez Thomas was manager of the pit ; the other prisoners were employed in the superintendence of it ; and the question was , whether the accident had arisen in consequence of neglect of proper precautions by the accused . The jury returned a verdict of Acquittal .
Charles Tipple , a surgeon at Baldock , has been Acquitted of a charge of attempting to procure abortion . Charles Forester , a tailor , has been Acquitted at Heading , on the ground of insanity , of the murder of his infant son , at Wokingham , on the 14 th of November . The particulars were related in the Leader at the time . Forester will of course be kept in confinement . James Johnson , a convict at Portsea , has been found Guilty at Winchester of an attempt to murder one of the warders . Judgment of death was recorded against him , lie told the judge that he would seize the first opportunity to kill the warders , and rid the world of them . — William Wallace , another JPortsea convict , has been convicted of stabbing one of his fellow-prisoners . In this case also , sentence of death -was recorded .
Several other cases of secondary importance have beea disposed of at tho various Assize towns during the week ; but the great pressure on our space precludes our specifying them .
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CENTRAL CRIMINAL COURT . Tho March session commenced on Monday , when the only case of interest was that of Mr . Henry Parish ,. a gontleman of property , who was indicted on two charges of perjury and forgery . The facts were singular , and showed a very disgraceful design on tho part of the prosecutor , who did not appear , nor wns hia name mentioned . There had been business transactions between Mr . Parish and the prosecutor , and legal proceedings were ponding between them . In order to prevent thu former from giving evidence at a trial which was about to take pluce , tho prosecutor wont before tho grand jury of the Central Criminal Court , and obtained the two liillt ) that were now before the court , never intending , liowcvcr , to proceed with ( he charges . Notico had been left at the address given by tho prosecutor of the intention of Mr . Parish to nppcar and take his Liial ; but tio ono was now in attendance to support ciLhcr of thu indictments , and the iirosecutor could not bo found . Under these circumstances , the jury found a verdict of Not Guilty . Oeorgo Dixoy and Thomns Ilulmc , shopmen , were
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224 THE LEADER . [ No . 363 , Saturday .
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OUR CITILIZATIOE : ¦ .. ' ?— ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), March 7, 1857, page 224, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2183/page/8/
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