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Leader (1850-1860), 11th October 1856, Edition 1 of 2, Page unpag., ¦ • ¦ ' :. • ¦ ¦ ¦ :. ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦' ¦ " ¦ ¦ ¦ ' ¦ ¦ ' ' ¦ ¦ ¦ " ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦¦ ¦ ' ¦ ' /sar J * / ' " ¦ ' ' ' ' ' " ' ' ; ' A. POLITICAL MD LITERARY REVIEW.

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    • Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.

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      Untitled Article

      TGI ; . VII . jSio . 342 . ] ^ SATURDAY , OCTOBER"il , 1856 . Price { SSS ^ - ^ ::: S ^

      Untitled Article

      IF signs , extra-official documents , and gigantic reserves , imply what they appear to do , a vast change is about to come over the whole face of our European relations . The act of " immense ingratitude" is about to be excelled by an act of immense treachery perhaps unequalled in history . The Absolutis ; Powers are evidently gaining heart , and are preparing for a . combined attack on the Western Powers : this they ave proposing to do , not only by a combination of their arms , but also "by that intrigue which no statesmen use so ably or unscrupulously as Russia ; and by -working upon the fears of the Western Powers , if not upon the apprehensions and the hopes of individuals at the courts of tbosePowers .

      According to the latest accounts which we have received ^ all the Absolutist Governments have assumed a new position . Austria , it is said , has cast off the mask in the Danubian Principalities , has advanced her army to Galatz , dispossessed the provincial Government , and is now avowedly in the military occupation of the Principalities . If so , this is a direct infringement of the Treaty of Paris , according to which her troops were to withdraw , and were only resident in the Principalities , ¦ without military action there . If it is true , it follows that Austria conceives a time to have come when she

      can despise Prance and England , and can act more independently . Concurrently with this act , a newspaper at Prankfort has been the channel for proclaiming to the world that Austria has , by a secret article of a treaty of 1815 , a stipulation under which the King- of Naples is prevented from modifying his institutions , or from governing on nrvy other principles than those on

      which Austria governs in her Italian provinces ; Austria claiming the right to interfere in the other Italian states through her relationship with the Princes of Italy , and her geographical position . This claim of Austria to a tutelary Government of Italy , and to resistance of the Western Powers , is exactly in harmony with the oflieinl views lately put forth bv Austria , and with the lute Russian circular .

      At the same time the King of Nam . ks has , it is said , written a letter to the Emperor of F it an c is and the Queen of England , proposing to send a plenipotentiary to the conference at Paris , there to state the intentions of his Mnjesty with respect

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      to an amnesty and to organic reforms . This implies that the King- expects to find a much stronger position in the Paris conference than he has in the Bay of Xaples ; and it will be remembered that Russia has decidedly announced a disposition to protect Naples . What is the course that the Western Powers are taking ? It is a matter of absolute secres 3 \ The one fact before the public is , that they have not sent a fleet into jSTaples . Much is made of the circumstance that they have sent some ships to Corsica ; and there the ships remain . This might mean that the Western Powers acknowledge their hearts io fail ' them , and that they are prepared

      to yield before the recovered courage and" energy of the' Absolutist Powei's . Should this be the case , it is not at all probable that Prussia will be neutral , since she is-claiming a restoration of the province which lapsed from her in 184 S to Switzerland—Neufehatel ; another circumstance which implies an increase in the combined strength of the Eastern Powers , and which would account for the signs of yielding on the part of the West .

      We do not even make light of such a fact as the arrival of INarvaez at Madrid . He is a soldier absolutist , iind he adds , no doubt , another commander at sin outpost of absolutism who would bo prepared for general action with the Eastern Powers . Politics for the time have given place in Prance

      to finance . JLhe situation has become much inoi'e difficult than it was even last week ; so much so , that the Finance Minister has thought it necessary to nialec a kind of apology to the public for the condition of money matters , and to make : vn attack upon the bullion dealers who have been buying up silver for the purposes of exportation or reconversion into raw silver . M . Magnk

      represents that the revenue is in the best condition . There has for years been a deficiency of the income as compared with the expenditure ; but this has been steadily decreasing under the Empire , and he expects to hr ' ing it to an equal balance in 1858 . The taxes have been extremely productive —nearly a million nnd a half of increase , or about two-thirds of the indirect taxes . They arc punctually paid , or pai < l even in advance .

      u . he trade of France has extended itself into various chnnncls , : uul this extension is one . reason why there is such a demand at present for money . The principal causes of tho crisis in the money market is , ho says , the multiplicity of . securities , and it is necessary to check the over-abundant

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      speculation . In these statements , M . Magke says jnuch that is in . conformity with truth , and in conformity- also with general opinion . There is no doubt that some of the speculations in France have been of an exceedingly intelligent and profitable character . Ho allude 3 to the export of capital to foreign parts ; and here , while he trenches upon the old protectionist View hi France , he is speaking at the Societe de Credit Mobilicr , which has speculations in various parts of tUe world , and more especially for present consideration in Austrian railways , fax advanced , and in Russian railways about to be undertaken ,

      Now , in this export of capital , the Credit Mobilier is acting like our own gi-eat capitalists , and in the . Russian railways there is positively a partnership with' English , Dutch , and liussian capitalists . Such investments , if they are successful , always promote a large return ' to the country . from which they spring , and in England we understand as much ; but from M . Magse ' s allusion , we see that a gentleman who adopts " the indisputable principle of commercial freedom , " shares the old jealousy of free trade , and the new jealousy of the Credit Mobilier ; confounding the foreign operations of that company with the most worthloss speculations in his desire for restrictive measures . In the meanwhile , the Bank has not been exactly following the Finance Minister ; it has not refused its accommodation , but has only restricted it . It now grants discounts only on bills not having more than sixty days to run , and it has consequently put a stop to many of the less substantial speculations in Prance . The latest published accounts of the Bank of France show , like our own , a considerable increase of outgoing , and ti decrease of the bullion .

      M . Magnis lias taken another step : following up a hint in his report in the MonUaur , lie hau put a notification that " the sorting and ' inciting down the coin , to extract the surplus value therefrom , is an injury inflicted upon the public purse , ami constitutes a penal offence , " which the Govermnont ' will adopt every legal means of suppressing . " The Government , therefore , is resorting to force in the administration of money matters— : i resort which is a confession of alarip-, untl is almost invariably mischievous . l- \ ? '¦ ' ., Our own Bank has more than followed ! uj > that of France . During the fortnight before ibfc present week it had undergone a pressure of jm *! cxtraor- > dinary kind . The latest Bank return Bhbiyc 4 aji

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      ¦ ¦ ' :. ¦ ¦ ¦ :. ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦' ¦ " ¦ ¦ ¦ ' ¦ ¦ ' ' ¦ ¦ ¦ "¦ ¦ ¦ ¦¦ ¦ ' ¦ ' / sar */ ' "¦ ' ' ' ' ' " ' ' ; ' A . POLITICAL MD LITERARY REVIEW .

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      REVIEW OF THE WEEK— Accidents and SuUUcn DeatJis V >« 31 > ; The 13 ijj , Bold , Old , Bad Tilan ......... 071 Beatunarcliais ..... 978 Sanitary Matters .-... ... 902 State of Trade . ; ..- . ; ... yu » j Lord Cardigan ' s Charge at Home ... <> 7 l The Last Days of the "War 978 louis Blanc ' s ltcplj to the French -Miscellaneous WO > A Hew Tory Organ .. . 075 Latter-Day Poetry 979 Government . 903 Postscript .. i ) 71- ¦ | The Kingswood Reformatory y 75 tiSSi isr ; : E ::::: r : 1 1 "S ^ 'JSBi-,......... ; ....:. »« i o 'S ^ S ^ , s .....::.............. « . r ^~*^ c ^™™*> i > Ireland ..... 96-1 I British Ilight over "Wives and ' Patronage . 976 m „ ' ~ ~ Continental Notes ........... ; ........ 9 G 1 i Paupers 072 : : TheGazetto 981 The Registrations 900 ! The Sixth Part of the "World . 973 LITERATURE- , *«»„„ .,- „ ,.. . „ -,-. „ Naval and Military 9 G 8 j The Napoleon of Westminster 073 Summary 077 COMMERCIAL AFFAIRSOur Civilization 907 ¦¦« The Danubian Principalities ...: 974 Lainennais ... 077 City Intelligence , Markets , &c ........ 082

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      "The one Idea which . History exhibits as evermore . developing itself into greater distinctness is the Idea of Humanity—the noble . endeavour to throw dowa all the barriers ' erected between > nea " uy prejudice and one-sided news ; and , by setting aside the distinctions of Religion , Country , and Colour , to treat the whole Hu . aLan race as one brotherhood , having one great object—the free development of our spiritual nature . "—Hwnboldt ' s Cosmos . *

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  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), Oct. 11, 1856, page unpag., in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2162/page/1/