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Leader (1850-1860), 2nd August 1856, Edition 1 of 2, Page 727, Untitled Article

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      CONTINENTAL NOTES . PRANCE . Loo ts Kapolhon has spoken to the world through the columns of the Momteur , and approved of the O'Donnell coup d'&at , that reflex of his own . The official journal says : — "We have watched with interest the recent events in Spain , and we have approved them to a certain extent , as we fancied we discovered therein a favourable chance for establishing the Constitutional Government on a firm basis ; for France , which represents in Europe the ideas of 1789 , can entertain no other wish than that of beholding a neighbouring state , in whose prosperity she takes a deep interest , avoid anarchy or despotism—those two shoals so dangerous to progress

      and liberty ; and , as the Espartero Ministry did not seem to possess either the power to prevent excesses or the requisite energy to lead a great country , ifc is natural to hail with sympathy a change of a nature to consolidate the throne of Isabella II . Some foreign journals , blinded by their unwarrantable preference for a name , have designated as a coup d ' etat that which was simply a resignation of Ministers , accepted purely and simply by the Queen after reiterated refusals . If the resignation had been that of O'Donnell they would have found it perfectly constitutional . Party spirit should never misrepresent things to such an extent , and thereby endeavour to mislead public opinion The disorders which have agitated Spain for the last few

      years must be attributed to the fatal idea of certain Ministers , four years since , to make a coup d ' etat , when Spain was tranquil and prosperous , and when there was no cogent reason to urge them to make a sudden change in the laws of the kingdom . For a coup d' € tat to be legitimate in the eyes of posterity , it must be justified by a supreme necessity , and be regarded by all men as the sole means of saving the country . We know those who dreamt of coups d ' etat not with a view to modify some institutions , but to subvert the throne or change the dynasty , either by uniting Portugal to Spain under the House of Braganza or by establishing a regency . We are therefore thankful ( nous savons are ) to Marshal

      O'Donnell for having attempted , without a coup d etat , to restore order in Spain , the first and indispensable basis of liberty . Let us hope , then , that the recent changes will put an end to those coups d ' e ' tat and to those baneful pronunciamiejUos , for it is out sincere desire that Spain , which , contains so many elements of strength and prosperity , should resume , in the midst of quiet , the rank wfcich is her due , instead of descending to the level of certain Republics of South America , where neither patriotism , nor civic virtues , nor high principle are to bo found , but only a few Generals who dispute the power with the help of soldiers led astray by empty promises . "

      The Emperor has just ordered Prince Louis Lucicn Bonaparte , who was in Spain , to return to France . On passing a farewell review of the two divisions forming the late camp at Boulogne , Marshal Baraguay d'Hilliers thus addressed the troops : — " Soldiers ! — The camps are about to be raised . The army of the North is dissolved . You are under orders to inarch to Paris , and I undorstand . all 3 'our joy . I should share it most heartily did I not feol a deep regret at quitting regiments and ofiicers with whom I have served for the

      last eighteen months , who have so entirely satisfied me , and whom I have been so proud to command . / kuoiv not what the future , may reserve for us ; but , if it answer to my desires , we shall meet uguin , and in that case I shall rely upon you , as you may rely upon me . Wo are animated by the same sentiments of devotion to our country and the Emperor , and we shall ever have for our rallying cry , Vive l'Empereur ! ' " The General , according to report , is appointed to the command-inchiof of the army of observation on the Spanish

      frontior . Tho Monitcur publishes a report of M . Rouher , Minister of Agriculture , &c , to the Emperor , who has issued a decree naming hisvou members of tho Council of Commerce , Agriculture , and Industry , as a connnis-Hion to inquire into the manner in which the project of law brought before tho Corps Legislatif , repealing cortitin custom duties , will alleut French commerce . . Large arrivals of soldiers and of military stores are constantly taking place at Marseilles from the Criinoa . M . II . Castillo has just published , us part of a series entitled Political Portraits in the Nineteenth Century , a . sketch of the Marquis del Carre to , formerly Neapolitan Minister of Police , and has dedicated it to Mr . Gladstone and Lord Clarendon . It contains an elahoratu description of the horrors of the baym ; or pri .-iou for political aud otliur oflondors . at Nitmlu .

      AirSTKIA . For tho furtherance of Catholicism in Central Europe , tho Emporor has grantod permission to all tho Catholic Unions ( Vereiiui ) in Germany and Austria to aond depututions to Linz , in Uppor Austria , whore 11 conference will bo held from tho 23 r . il rmtil tho 2 /> tli of September . It has been decided by tho Ministers of Public Instruction and of tho Interior that tho . lows in Austria wlmH 'OBtnbJiiflh public school « for thoir children , and that at their own oxponso . Tho draft of a now law of conscription or enrolment has boon clanvu up , and will - aoon bo laid boforo tho

      Emperor for his sanction . The principal features of the law are said to be the following : —The obligation to enter the army begins with the end of the twentieth and lasts until the completion of the twenty-fifth year . The recrnits are to be divided into five classes , and as a rule only the first and second ( the men of twenty-one and twenty-two ) will be taken . The period of service is eight years , three of which may be passed on furlough . After the eight years are at an end the soldier enters the so-called " reserve " for two years more , and in case of need is liable to be called into active service . Young men who are being educated for the Church , and other " distinguished" students , are exempt from military service . — Times Vienna Correspondent .

      The Emperor has set out , with the Prince of Tuscany , for Aussig , whence he will proceed to Teplitz , where , it is asserted on good authority , he will shortly have an interview with the King of Prussia .

      SPAIN . " Order" has not yet been restored in the Spanish peninsula , where the struggle is still maintained against the sanguinary despotism which issues its decrees from Madrid . O'Donnell's position is by no means assured or settled . Dissensions are said to have commenced already between him and > the Queen , who wishes to stop the desamortizacion , and who is opposed to the reorganization of the National Guard . There have been rumours of a ministerial crisis , in the sense of further reaction . The rush of place-hunters is so great as in itself to

      present a serious difficulty . All the Progresistas will probably be turned out of office , for the sake of the adherents of the new power , with the exception of those who are dishonest enough to change their colours with a view to retaining their posts . The Marquis of Tabuerniga , a notorious "Vicar of Bray , " is spoken of as Under Secretary of State for the Interior ; and Don Bernardo Iglesias , once an adherent of Espartero , has issued a proclamation at Valencia , of which city he is civil governor , threatening extreme measures against the liberals .

      Bands of robbers have availed themselves of the disturbed state of the country , and committed great depredations on the Madrid road , near Valladolid . The Basque provinces and Navarre are perfectly tranquil . The insurgents have been suppressed in . Catalonia . Brigadier Smith , of the Revolutionary Junta of Saragossa , passed over to General Ecliague , with his secretary , on the 25 th ult ., and said that some troops of the garrison were about to follow him . Two companies of the regiment of Saragossa presented themselves to General Dulce and , as the commissioners from the insurgent Junta requested a suspension of hostilities , five days' truce was granted to them . The rising at Gerona has shared the same fate as that in other parts

      of the kingdom . The contest appears to have been , very sanguinary , and the garrison , it is stated , deserted to the side of the Government . Tho Gazette announces that tranquillit } ' prevailed at Avila an the 18 th , at Corunna on the 16 th , at Pontevedra on the 15 th , at Orense on the loth , at Castellon on the 17 th , at Cadiz on the 15 th , at Ciudad lieal on the 18 ( h , at Huelva on the 15 th , at Malaga on the lUth , at Seville on the Kith , at Burgos on tho 18 th , and in the Guipuzcoa on the 17 th ult . The Kpoc . a records that the journalists of Madrid have had an interview with the civil governor of the province , who expressed a hope that thev would not give circulation to fulse and alarming rumours , nor become the

      apo-Saturday , the 19 th ult ., a sanguinary conflict occurrec between the militia aud the regulars , when two of th < former and six of -the latter were killed , and severa wounded on both sides . The next day , fresh forcei having arrived , the militia laid down their arms . Th < conflict was confined to the troops . The militia and thi populace are in favour of Espartero- ; but they knev little of what was transpiring in other parts of Spain . There are now ajbout 3000 soldiers of the line at Corunna , which is under martial law , the gates of the town being closed . Tranquillity is in some measure restored for the present . The Captain-General of Corunna was inclined to resist the proclamation of martial law ; but the second in command caused it to be proclaimed , and , to use his own words , " the Captain-General was immediately afterwards " decorously arrested . "

      " M . Olozaga and the first Secretary of the Embassy at Paris , " says a semi-official Spanish paper , "have given in their resignations . It is still unknown whether these have been accepted : all that is known is that the resignation of M . Olozaga has given rise to hesitations and vacillations which prove how much his merit is appreciated and of what importance his services are . " Part of La Mancha has risen . At Alcazar de San Juan , at Madrilejos , and at the Puerta d'Almansa ( according to a Brussels paper ) , the people have set the

      ripe crops on fire , and have fired also a splendid estate known by the name of La Serena . At Badajoz , three estates have had their harvests destroyed by fire . Teruel has pronounced ; the entire garrison has retired on Valencia . At Saragossa , General Falcon is organizing companies of free corps , and it is thought he will make a desperate resistance . There is a great dearth of news , however , from this quarter . Detailed accounts from Barcelona show that the fighting was desperate , and lasted four days . The insurgents were at length suppressed .

      Narvaez has returned to Paris from Bayonne . " He received there , '' says the Paris correspondent of the Daily News , " a polite letter from O'Donnell thanking him for the offer of his services , but saying that he had no occasion for them . The Queen also wrote to him , and I am told that the substance of her letter was simply to desire him to ' return to the p lace whence he had come . ' " It is stated by the writer of a letter from I 3 ilboa , that , on the sitting of the 7 th , on a proposition signed by all the representatives of towns and communes , the Juntas declared the Prince Imperial , son of the Emperor of the French , to be a citizen of Biscay . We read in the Paris Presse that " the Queen , obeying the suggestions of those by whom she is surrounded , frankly demanded from Marshal O'Donnell the return of her mother . The minister only replied by a

      respectful silence . That the struggle is not yet over seems very probable . " It appears , " says the Daihj News , " that at Granada the National Guard , having obtained permission from , the Captain-General to assemble , immediately assumed a hostile attitude . The troops sent against them ' showed so much indecision '—that is the expression used by a party favourable to O'Doimell—that the Captain-General felt it necessary to ' consent to an armistice of six days . ' In other words , ho was constrained to allow the insurrection to organize itself . The National

      Guards put themselves in communication with various neighbouring localities , where risings took place , and General Blanco , who had been sent by Government to supersede the Captain-General on account of tho ' Aveakness' shown by tho latter , was taken prisoner by the brothers Merino while attempting to reach his post . At Malaga , tho troops joined the National Guards , and , headed by the civil governor , made their jirouuuciumiento aguiiibt the coup d ' etat . It is , however , reported that all the officers above the rank of chef de bataillon withdrew from their men . The latest news represents Almuriu and Jaen as still maintaining a hostile attitude . "

      logists of dangerous doctrines , " as otherwise the Government would find itself under the painful necessity of decreeing severe measures against the press , 11 course which would be contrary to its idoas of liberty and toleration . All the journals without exception continue to appear , and not one of their writers hn . s suffered tho slightest annoyance . " Later accounts entirely nullify this statement . We also lenrn from thu Kpoca that General San Miguel , after remaining by the side of the Queon in tho hour of danger , has , through a fooling of delicacy , thought proper to tender to her Majesty bis resignation of tho post of Commander-General of tho Halberdiers . Unions tin ; Gcuurul insists , tho ( jticcii will not accept his resignation .

      ITALY . The military commission now sitting at Massa , by virtue of the state of siege existing at Carrara , has published another sentence , by which four persona , one of whom is sixty years of nge , and another nineteen , aro convicted of having belonged " to tho secret or Mazzinian society , otherwise called ( Society of Freemasons , and of having sworn to exterminate the truo religion , to overthrow kings , &c . " Two of tho culprits are condonined to tho ernastolo ( imprisonment in irons with hard

      Tho new Ayuntimiiuiito of Madrid met lor the hrst time 011 tho l !) th ult . Tho Marquis de Turgot , Ambassador of Franco in Spain , has loft , or is to leave , for Dux . In his absence , Count de Coinminges Guitaut , first Secretary of tho Embassy , is to act as Chnrgrf d'AH ' airus . We roportod last week that Espurttiro had left Madrid guarded by cavalry : it now appears that this was incorrect , and that ho is still in Madrid , apparently at liberty . Jlo has entirely lost tho cmifiilc . nro of tho Liberals , on account of tho woaknoHH and irresolution he has exhibited during tho lato ovonts . Sorno nru of opinion that ho ought not to have nsnigiKMl , but nhould bavo sncriliod Esoosura ; others blame him for not houding tho insurrection .

      labour ) for life ; ' another to tho same punishment for twenty years , and tho fourth lo ten years' linrd labour . An insurrectionary movement has takciii j > luco in tho duohy of Mnssa-Carrara , which belongs to tho Duke- ot IWodena , whoso estates touch the frontier of Parma , lhe telogrnphic wiros for a tiiuo wens broken - , bat at nan transpired tliut the rising was . speedily suppressed . About sixty persons crossed from the ( Sardinian territory : ol thosetwenty wore urrosUid on tho frontier .

      , A dispute has arisen between tho Archbwhop of Milan and tho civil authorities on a question of ntonalb . Appealing to the Concordat , tho archbishop claims the right of confining all immoral persons to 0110 quarter ot the ( own ; but tho civil powers rosist . -No result has yet been urrivod at . Tho New Prussian Gazette has a communication -from Vioiinu of tho 21 th , -which states that " tho largo

      moua-J ' uchota ' H baud , togothor with ( ho inon whom ( lie gallant torroador rolouHod from prison , are lo bo ( ran . Mportod to a now penal settlement which tho Spanish Government is about tocroatu in 0110 of tho Marianne or Liulronc Islands , in tho North Pacific Ocoan . Some shari ) righting has taken p laoo at Corunna . On

      Untitled Article

      imn 2 , 1856 . ] THE LUDEB , 727

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), Aug. 2, 1856, page 727, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2152/page/7/