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Leader (1850-1860), 19th January 1856, Edition 1 of 2, Page 51, Untitled Article

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      Untitled Article

      cognise that commander ' s reiterated appeals for assistance . St . Petersburg advices , received before the declaration of the Czar ' s acceptance of the terms of peace , state that General * Luders will take the supreme command in the Crimea , and that Prince Gortschakoff will succeed Prince Paskiewitch as Stadtholder ( Viceroy ) of Poland . Of the Russian defences in the White iSea , the Pairie thus speaks : — "One of tlie points of the Empire which it hsis appeared to tlic Russian Government will be particularly open to the attacks of the allied fleets , in tlie next campaign , will be Archangel , the principal Russian o .-ftalilishmout iu the White Sea . The Council

      care , and with a priest of the Greek Church , praying over him . He had died only that afternoon . The host of Major G-oldsmid during the greater part of the time was a Lieutenant of Cossacks , who treated him most kindly . The Russian officers are all apparently extremely well disposed to the English , and one evening insisted upon drinking Queen Victoria ' s health . There Is no sort of hostility to the ^ English ; and the feeling among them appeared to be that they would be most glad if the war were at an end ; but not the least from any feeling of having been beaten . "

      of War , during its i-ecent deliberations , decided on having a supplementary line of defences constructed , and several batteries erected ami mounted with guns of tlie very longest range . Orders have been given for conveying over tho . snow in sledges to Archangel forty-two pieces of artillery of large calibre , and owners of those vehicles have been called on to send in tenders for tho transport both of these guns and of a variety of wavliko store ? . It is expected that 10 , 000 militia will be * stationed on the "banks of the Neva , between the capital and Groustadt . "

      Rumour in Paris talks of a French force for the Baltic , amounting to , 80 , 000 men , six thousand horses , and one hundred guns . It is said that the English Government has been asked by France whether she can supply . vessels for the conveyance of such a force . As an evidence of the state of popular feeling in Russia , the annexed extract . from a St . Petersburg letter—rendered doubly ludicrous by . the comment which the ¦ intelligence ¦ of the last few days ' supplies-ris worth reproduction . - The writer is speaking of the Austrian terms : —•

      "Least of all is-any concession , to be thought of towards any demand made by Kngland , for you have no conception of tlie . hatred that has penetrated through all classes of the Russian nation against England . We will pay no tribute of any sort any longer to that country . We will have no Lord . Redcliffe over us here . We will not have their ships any more in our ports , not e veil ' after a peace , which I supi > o . 3 e wil ] some clay or other be made . The unnatural alliauco of Franco and England will not last for ever : our firm determination will last muck longer in no case to let England prescribe laws for us ; and that tlie English will see clearly when their martial heat has all evaporated . "

      The war may be said to have reached one of its climacterics . The interest will now be centred in the renewed negotiations . THE RUSSIAN" SETTLEMENTS AT TOE MOUTH OF THE

      AMOOK . Some intelligence with respect to the Russian naval station at the mouth of the river Amoor at tho eastern extremity of Asia , is contained in a San Francisco journal , which says : — "The new Russian settlements are situated about eighty miles above the mouth of the Amoor river . The bark Palmetto left the Amoor river about tho 25 th of October . Tho settlement at that time consisted of about two hundred and fifty houses , substantially constructed of bricks smcl Btono , and building operations were progressing rapidly . Active preparations were going on for the defence of tho place . Tho sudden- disappearance of the two Russian frigates from- tho Gulf of Tartary , in the month of May last , is accounted for . Tho supposition that they found u passago into tho Gulf of

      bngh alien is correct . Tho vessels wore lightened of their armmiioiit and hauled through tho shoal water which stretches across tho southern passage to tho gulf , and were thon warped up tho Amoor rivor to a point Home fifty miles above- its mouth . For tho dofouoo of tho town thrco largo fortifications have Icon oonatruotod , and mounted with gnus takon from tho two frigates . Tho guns of tho fortrosHos command ovory point , of approach from tho seaboard , and tho RusniruiH appear to think that thoy Hhould bo ablo to d ^ fond tho placo against any force . The Amoor rivor innavigable for largo vohsoIs fora distauco of ono hundrod mi Ion above its mouth during iv greater part of tho year , and voshoIb of two hundred or throo hundrod tons may Hud aafo navigation ait all tun oh .

      IUISSIAN O 0 URTF . 31 E 8 . A lottor from Kovtoh contain * some * additional partioulars roHpootinjr tho Into Captain Sherwood and other . hnghsh priuoiioiv . Thoy will bo road with ( loop inUjroHt : — " Major QolcUmld roturnod yostorday , and hiul mot with much civility from tho Kinsman oflluorn . ] lo roinainod for throe daya within tboir -huos , and wuh takon blindfolded to tho pluoo WUero poor Slionvaod had boon carried , sand whero ho jUod . <>»» ontorln tho room , still blindfolded ho »« oard alow chanting , and wnsthon told to unbiuida Ko iua oyoa , when ho found himself ( standing by the body o * our poor friond , laid out with tho most delicate

      Untitled Article

      WAR MISCELLANEA . Russian Gunboats . —The Russians are now building a ilotilla of two hundred and twenty-five gunboats , of which forty are steam-vessel .- ' . . They are also making an extraordinary levy of seamen for a Baltic fleet . The Health of t ; ie Aejiy . —Dr . Hall writes on December 31 st : — " The health of the army continues very satisfactory ; there is an absence of serious disease , an : l , although the admissions under the heads

      chest affections' and 'frostbite' are numerous , it is satisfactory to know that the former are , for the most part , merely simple catarrhs , and the latter slight vesications of the finger , toe 3 , and tips of the « ars . The few serious cose ^ there are were all occasioned by exposure when drunk . " The diminution of bowel complaints in the army is described as " remarkable . ' The Laud Transport Corps is not so healthy . Several of the force are natiyes of Asia Minor , and they bear the winter ill .

      The Baltic . —The Polyphemus and the Driver have been despatched to put a stop to the intercourse carried on between neutral ports and those of Russia . The Docks . —A furtber explosion of the docks at Sevastopol has taken place with complete success ; but the work is even yet not fully accomplished . PB 0 S 3 IAX " Neutrality . "—The statistics for the past year of the Russian exports and -imports carried on through Slemel demonstrate that the traffic , the profits of which constitute one of the inducements

      for the complicity of "Prussia in the prolongation of the var , instead of being checked , is largely increasing . All kinds of munitions of war are stated to have been forwarded across the frontier with such perfect connivance on the part of the Prussian authorities as to have reduced the current prices for them to a point in many instances almost approaching those of times of pexce . The port of Kpnigsberg has likewise , i n its d egree , been characterised by corresponding activity . — -Times .

      The Council of "War at Parts . —It is said that a question hits been mooted in the Council of War now being held at Paris , of withdrawing the army from hefore Sebastopol , but keeping possession of Eupatoria , Kamiesck , Balaklava , and one or two other points . The question of n campaign in the interior of the southern provinces has been suggested ; but the impossibility of ascending the rivers is urged by the Admirals . The absence of the Turkish Ambassador at the Council has excited considerable surprise .

      The Polish Legion- . —General Zamoysfei lias just addressed to bis countrymen and his old companions in arms , iu the form of a report to Prince Czarfcoiyaki 3 a circular in' which he informs them that he is charged by tho Eugliah Oovorniueut , with tha assent of Franco and of Turkey , to organise a division composod of Poles , bearing the name of tlie "Polish Division of Cos--aoka of " the Sultan , " and destined ta receive into its ranks Polish prisoners of war ox others who may quit the Russian army .

      Untitled Article

      AMERICA . By the la lust advices from Wellington ( cLitc . l January 3 rd ) , wo learn that tho Speaker has n , > t yet beeii elected . Tho lYo .-udon-t , however , cone jiving that ho wiuild not Iks justified by further delay , has " delivered Iiis Message t > tho Sonnto . It was transm itfcod on tho 31 « t ult , ami mi abstract of it will be fo-uud below . Groat indignation was excited in tho House by the fact of tho Mcssago having boon ssont in writing boforo thoHous ^ Mw organicOi . 1 . Sozuo members , indooU , contended that tho Constitution gave tlie President penver to adopt , thi * proceeding , but others denounced it u « an innovation and an indecency . A . iierco nad vohomont do bat . o ensued ; and ultimately it wns decided that tho Monsngo hIhhiUI not bo road . Tho House thon u ^ rood to lay tho whole chsj on tho tahUt , and again nd iournod .

      a portion of his men at the disposal of the President of . Honduras , whence they had been despatched . Walker contemplates forming a naval force . la California , fresh riches are being discovered everyday . During eleven months , the Mint has coined above twenty millions' worth of dollars of gold . It is believed that the largest quantity of corn ever sown in California will bo put in for the coming harvest . Tlie differences between the authorities of San Francisco and the French consul have been arranged , and th-e French flag saluted .

      Alvarez has resigned the Presidency of Mexico , and is succeeded by Comonforfc . The following is the new Ministry : —Foreign Relations , Rosa ; Justice , Monte ? ; Government , Lafragua ; War , Celicio ; Finance , Payne . Alvarez had departed for the south . Santa Anna , the ex-President , has reached Carthagena , where he was well received by the inhabitants . Peru is iu a very unsettled state , and symptoms of another revolution are apparent . Great gold discoveries have been made at Valparaiso , where crowds of people are flocking in the midst of considerable excitement .

      New York commercial letters state that the changes are very slight in tlie stock-market , which , at the last advices , closed rather more firmly than on pievious days . For money there was a good demand , with a fair supply at previous rates . The market for exchange Tas very heavv .

      Tho Noi'tluM-n Tiighl Htciimor hanboon ponnittod to loayo Now York for hen de .-st hint ion , aft or an oxaiuiuation of her onrgo , which consisted of a tow waddles , lilougliMharoiH , typo , aud a printing pros * , Kaunas is still in a Htato «; 1 " annrohy . Tho pro uuul tho untihlavory parties have hud * a eolUnion ; tho ballot-boxu * havo boon dostroyod , nm \ the voting ntnppod . An anti-slavory man ' s houuo having boon burnt , a pornon was arrohitod fi > r tlio oflbuoe , uiul put in prjaon ; but hia friondw broke open and burnt down tho gaol . Tho Sominolo indiaiiH hi Florida havo sittaok . nl nn exploring party of tViritod Staton troop * , and only throo out of eight oscapod . From Nicaragua wo hoar that Walker luv * plaood

      Untitled Article

      THE AMERICAN PRESIDENT'S MESSAGF . The Message commences by referring to the negotiations now in progress with Great Britain regarding Central America . The Legislature is reminded that , by the convention concluded between ihe United States and England in April , 1850 , the latter undertook not to colonise , oecupy , or exercise any dominion , in , Nicaragua , Costa Rica , the Mosquito Coast , or any part of Central America . Great Britain , however , has continued to exercise authority' on the Mosquito Coast , and has formally colonised a considerable insular group known as the Bay Islands , belonging of right to the State of Honduras . [ The general nature of this question was explained in the

      Leader of November 3 rd , 1 S 55 . ] England has , by repeated treaties , renounced all claims on the Mosquito Coast ; yet she continues to exercise sovereign authority . The United State 3 cannot concur in the English interpretation of the treaty by which ^ this authority is sought to be justified . TJiat interpretation is to the effect that the operation of the treaty is prospective , and does not necessitate -the -abandonment of any possessions already held . The President believes that an amicable solution of the difficulty is not hopeless ; but tliere is reason to apprehend that , as Great Britain still holds possession of the territory , the question " cannot long remain undetermined without involving iu serious danger the friendly relations" of the two countries .

      With respect to the recruiting question , the President says that the position of America is purely neutral ; that she soils gunpowder and arms to all comers ; that her merchant ships assist in conveying the French , and English sick and wounded to their respective countries , without compromising the neutrality of the Uuited States ; that the recruitment by England of soldiers on American soil would so compromise her ; that this recruitment was systematic , deliberate , and entered on with a full knowledge of American laws and national policy ; that tho subject is still under discussion , and that " the results will be communicated to the Legislature in duo time .

      Tho President repeats the z-ecominendation submitted to last Congress that provision be made for tho appoint in ont of a Gommis . sLoncr iu connexion with Groat Britain , to survey and establish tho boundarylino which divides the territory ot' Washington from tho contiguous British possessions . " Tho prospect of a speody arrangement h : ia contributed hitherto to induco on both sides forboaranco to assort by force what o . ich claims an a right , Continuance of delay

      on the part of the two Go-vcrnrnents to act in tho matter will increnso the dangers nnd difficulties of the controversy . " The President adds : — "Misuudcrstaudiuif oxiitri ; i . s to th . j exLonr , clmr . icior , nnd vnluo of tho poM-ossory rights of lh * 1 ludson ' sBay Company and the property of the Pug ; et ' ri Sound Agricultural Company , reserved in our treaty with Groat Britain rolativo to tho territory of Ojogoii . 1 hnvo roason to beliovo ( hut a oossion of tho ri ^ lita of both oompnnios to tlio 11 tiitoil States , whioli would l > o tho roadioet

      luoima of tonniimtiwg all quoHtionM , ei \ n bo obtamod on rousouublo toi'jn-i ; unil , %% -itli a view to this ond , I pro . iont the subject to tlu > attention of CongroHH . " Tho Hound Duoh uro next , touohod on . Tho Protjidout is of opinion Iliat Uioho duoH tihould no longorbo paid ; not ho much because of their amount , as boaaueo it , ia a rooognition of tho right of Denmark to Iv . u ono of Ilio groat maritime highways of tho world , and to lovy a tax on a common natural claim . " While , howovor , rejootiiig thin proportion , nnd innistiiig on tho right of froo tnuiait into and from tho Baltio , 1 have expressed to Donmark a willinguoay , on tho part of tlvo Uuitod fcjtaton , t <) tsliaiv

      Untitled Article

      January 19 , 1856 . ] THE LEADER . 51 ' ¦ " " ' ' ' ' '" ' I "¦ I ¦ ¦ ¦ * l ' lllIlM I— ,. —— -jj-y-.. ' im' "'—ip ^ JB M 1 IIHII —¦¦¦ «^^—^—^—«^—J^—»^^^——¦ —» l-1 - — ^ ¦

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), Jan. 19, 1856, page 51, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2124/page/3/