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    1174 THE LEADER . [ No . 298 , Saturday

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    Leader Office , Saturday , December 8 th . THE CZAR'S DESIRE FOR PEACE . The pros and cons of the great question of the hour whether or not we are to have peace—maintain their wordy warfare up to the conclusion of the week . A letter from Vienna , of the 29 th ult ., in the Weser Gazette , says : — " In contradiction to what has been stated in several newspapers , we think we can affirm that the desire for peace is very strong in Russia , and that the Czar has officially inquired of our ( Austrian ) Government if it would undertake to present new propositions of mediation to the Western Powers , and to support them . The reply was , that Government wa 3 not in a position to open new negotiations , unless they were to be based on determined conditions . On this , the Cabinet of St . Petersburg hastened to solicit the good offices of the Cabinet of Berlin . "

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    THE EASTERN COUNTIES RAILWAY DISCLOSURES . The Globe , summarising the various letters addressed to the papers by the gentlemen who are involved in the questionable Eastern Counties proceed ings , saya : — "Sir Morton Peto ' s position amounts to this—that he has taken no advautago of the Eastern Counties Railway Company ; that any contracts which he has offered for Hackney branches , or other work , were accepted beoauBe they were the lowest tendered ; and that the Tilbury line was undertaken by the Eastenx Counties Ilailway Company , who established it as a matter of policy . The late harbour-master of Lowesroffc admits that the

    harbour itself does not pay its expenses , but ho snys it is valuable to the nation as a refuge , having waved hundreds of ships and thousands of lives , and thai it has occasioned a traffic worth more than £ 00 , 000 n year to the Eastern Counties Railway Company , while Mr . Berkeley accuses the committee of mipprosaing evidence or publishing it in an imperfect form . " A vory stormy meeting of the Committee of Investigation was held at tho London Tavern yesterday , at which it was determined " that tho opiniouH of tho Attorney and Solicitor-General should bo taken , inidoi * ho direction of the same committe , a » to whotlior tho

    directors , or either of thorn , who have sanctioned or authorised such outlays as aro contrary to tlm 1 >» ' ° " visions of tho Act , aro , collectively or individually , liable for such misapplications to tho shareholders , and also as to tho proper and best moans to bo adop ted to oompol such directors to aooount for tho mime ; that no orders of Mr . Waddington ' s should be attended t 6 from that day ; and that tho Committee o \ Investigation should continue thoir labour * till two half-yearly meeting in February next , and oxorole * ii control over tho management of tho Company , -irresolution , censuring those directors who liuvo no . watched ovor the interests of tho shareh older ^ vva » also carried .

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    It will be recollected , says the Globe , that Mr . Curtis , the British Consul at Cologne , was lately sentenced to imprisonment by the Prussian Courts for an offence in connection with the enlistment of Germans for the British German Legion . We have reason to believe that , on the facts of the case being represented to the King of Prussia , hi 3 Majesty was pleased to pardon Mr . Curtis , and order the immediate release of that gentleman . Consul Eulenburg , an ultra-Conservative , has been elected President of the new Prussian House of Representatives by 187 votes . Count Schwerin , the Liberal President of the late Chamber , received 138 votes .

    It was reported on Thursday on the Vienna'Change that the Austrian army i 3 to be again reduced by 80 , 000 . The Times states that Parliament , which stood proz-ogued to the 11 th of this month , will be further prorogued till the 31 st of next January , then to meet for the despatch of business . What will the country say to a peace being concluded—supposing such to take place—without Parliament having a voico in it ?

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    Meetings on the War . —Mr . Card well , M . P ., and Mr . Henley , M . P ., have expressed themselves in favour of a vigorous prosecution of the war , at the annual council dinner given at Oxford to the ex-Mayor . Mr . Wise , M . P ., has spoken to a similar effect at Stafford ; and Mr . Williams , M . P ., at a meeting of his constituents at Lambeth ,, where a vote of confidence in him as their representative was passed A meeting of Poles at Preston , to commemorate the twenty fifth anniversary of their involution , was chiefly distinguished by a motion declaring that any treaty of peace with Russia , which does not provide for the independence of Poland , will be futile . The Bank Charter Act . —A meeting was held at the London Tavern , on Wednesday , to consider the state of our monetary system , and the influence of the Bank Charter Act of 1844 on domestic industry and foreign commerce . The chair was taken by Mr . F . Bennoek , who denounced the plan now pursued of basing the value of notes on the quantity of gold in the cellars of the Bank of England , and pointed out that the amount of notes issued by the various British banks now ranges from £ 42 , 000 , 000 to £ 44 , 000 , 000 , and that the notes depend for their convertibility on about eleven millions of gold in the bank , while on each million of the notes rest from four to five millions of bills of exchange . The withdrawal of one million of gold , therefore , said Mr . Bennock , endangers the circulation of at least twenty millions . Mr . T . C . Salt , of Birmingham , thought the rule should be that money should be issued until every honest labourer has found employment at remunerative prices : an opinion which caused some laughter . Mr . J . Lockhart defended the Bank Charter Act ; attributed commercial distresses to monopolies ; and i hinted at , but would not press ( as it was against the feelings of the meeting ) , a motion in favour of stopping the war . —Mr . Jonathan Duncan moved a resolution , declaring that no system of money could be satisfactory which did not return gold to its natural character as a commodity , so that it might find its value under the ordinary laws of supply and demand . This was almost unanimously carried ; and so also ¦ was the final resolution , to the effect that such national paper money may be issued under conditions calculated to remedy the objections usually urged against paper money , and that the matter be referred for consideration to a committee . The Religious War in Belgravia . —Dr . Lushington , on Wednesday , gave judgment in the cases of Mi * . Westerton and Mr . Beale , against the Rev . Mr Liddell and others connected with St . Barnabas , Pimlico . It will be recollected that the action was to restrain Mr . Liddell , the Puseyite clergyman , from employing certain Popish decorations in the church of St . Barnabas ; and the judgment of the Consistory Court has been in the main in favour of Messrs . Westerton and Beale , but no award has been made with regard to costs . Tho effect of his judgment ( which was of great length , and occupied three hours in delivery ) will of course be to necessitate the removal of the ornaments . The Billeting System . —A meeting of licensed victuallers condemnatory of the present billeting system , has been held in Worship-square . It was resolved that a deputation should wait on Sir George Grey . Tub BrBLE-BuBNiwa . —Tho grand jury , on the Dublin commission having found true bills against the Recleuaptoriat father Petchixine , the trial was fixed for yestez'day ( l'Viday ) morning . The Governor of the Middlesex House op Detention . —The Middlesex magistracy having taken into consideration , on Thursday , the evidence with regard to tho misconduct of Lieutenant Hill , in i breaking the rules of tho prison for the advantage of Messrs . Strahan , Paul , and Bates , called tho Governor before them uud reprimanded him ; adding , that he would be reinstated iu his office , from which he had been temporarily removed ; but that ho would lose hie Balary from the- time he had been suspend « d . A resolution was passed , censuring the conduct of the Chaplain . . , SAHTHifiE ^ D Maii kmt , —A project is on foot , for converting tho sito of Smithfiold Market into a deadmeat market , to be connected by a railway with tho abattoir a in Copenhagen Fields . The MANOunaxBtt Turn-out . —Tho self-acting winders and piercers of Manchester ore still " out , " and a reply has boon issued by them to tho manifo « to of tho masters . In thiB document , they state , iu auawor to the charge of Booking to coerce the markets by combination , that they have had no organisation siuoo 1847 , and that only two advances have taken place in Manchester during tho last eleven years . They deuy that tho uvorago of thoir earnings jus more than that of the surrounding towns , it being even less than tho wagoa of noine towns ; and describe as an untruth the assertion of their cmployera , . ' . ' . that tho advance demanded and obtained in 1863 was an impropor ono , and all th , o towns having long , since withdrawn those advances , tho masters in Manchester must follow thoir example " Ashton is oited aa an instance to the contrary : and

    others , it is added , might be mentioned . The masters also are severely criticised for having said in their address that " the question at issue is not one of benevolence , but one of a purely commercial character ; " upon which the turn-outs remark : —" . There was a time when English gentlemen were proud of their benevolence and their kindly feelings to their workpeople , but benevolence is now eschewed for things of a ' purely commercial character . * "—In answer to the foregoing , Messrs . Birley and Co ., and six other of the firms whose hands are on strike , have put forth a " Second Reply " to the operatives , in which they reiterate their former statement , that organised efforts for increasing wages have been made by the workmen for some years past , and have succeeded so well that the employers have been obliged to organise also . The artisans are reminded that their wages might be made much more than 18 s . a-week , even at the reduced rates , if they were willing to work the mules in the manner proposed by the masters ; but , it i 3 added , attempts have been made to compel hands who are quite satisfied to join . the strike . As regards the Ashton prices , the masters say they should be very willing to re-open at those rates ; and they affirm that the operatives promised , when the advance of 1853 was conceded at Manchester , that they would consent to it 3 withdrawal on a reduction of trade . " Too GRfiAT a Tory . " —A meeting has been held at Oldham to condemn the ire-marriage , by the Rev . Mr . Lush , ofamanaud woman who had been already married in a Dissenting chapel . Mr . Lush has published a defence of himself in which he says that he acted in conformity with the wishes of the parties themselves , who felt that they had not been properly married , and that such was the impression of many of their neighbours . Alluding to the opinion that his conduct was in defiance of the principles of civil and religious liberty , the holy Lush observes : — " I am too high a Churchman and too gi'aat a Tory to be very conversant with the principles of civil and religious liberty , commonly so called ; but in my simplicity I should have thought that the liberty ought not to be all on one side . " He has just before made some disparaging remarks on the advocates of civil and religious freedom . This is the very essence of Toryism—to condemn that which it professes and boasts itself to be ignorant . What a large chapter in the history of feudal and " High Church " England is here abbreviated into a sentence ! Mr . Lush also says that he acted in harmony with the law ; but we should like to know what the law itself says . The Inquisition at Rome . —The Picdmonte of Turin publishes a letter from Rome , giving the following account of the tribunal of the Inquisition at Rome at the present time : — "The old palace of the Inquisition having beon turned into barracks for the French troops , the tribunal has been transferred to the interior of the Vatican , where the Dominicans occupy a part -which none but those who have grown old in the palace can ever find , such is the intricacy and multiplicity of the stairs , passages , and secret corridors , that lead to it . When the inquisitors want either to arrest or question you , they neither send officers of justice nor a warrant ; such extreme measures are only reserved for those who attempt to escape ; but a gentleman calls upon you in a quiet way ., and informs you that tho Holy Office requests the pleasure of your company . Should you happen to expostulate , tho quiet gentleman politely suggests the expediency of being punctual . When you reach the outer court of tho Vatican , you find a priest who conducts you to tho tribunal , and if you are only summoned as a witness , it ia ho who * conducts you back . When in tho proaenco of the inquisitor , you aro made to svvcai * that you will speak tho truth ; your answers to tho questions put to you aro written down in Latin ; and , beforo boingreleased , you must take another oath that you will . revoal nothing of what you havo either seen or hoard . " A Journal Pum . iSHKD on Shipboard . —Wo have received by post from Molbourno a volume , of tho White Star Journal , a record of events which occurred on the last voyage of this vessel from Liverpool to Melbourne . The journal was published by Mr . H . Dovey , " at his oflico , 09 , between docks , " and was oditod by Mr . A . W . Somplo , whose ability and tact may bo estimated from tho fact that on tho arrival of the vossol at Molbourno ho wan waited upon by a deputation from tho lady passongors , and presented with a beautiful gold poncil-caso . This amusing and varied magazine presents , in an agroeablo inunnor , inuny particulars of tho" microcosm , " if wo may uso the term , of emigrant and naval life , while progressing to tho aouthorn homwnhoro . In it we find births marriages , and deaths recorded ; advertisements of articles to bo sold and artiolos wanted , of koys , brooches , and other porsoual appendages lost or mislaid , &o . Tho weather and nautical phenomena , of course , constitute " a loading feature , " and , joined with poetry , essays , correspondence , enbin ana poop tittle-tattle , must have contributed much to disperse the ennui attendant upon a voyage of ho many thousand miles . — Wolverhampton Chronicle .

• Citation
  • Leader (1850-1860), Dec. 8, 1855, page 1174, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2118/page/10/