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Leader (1850-1860), 29th September 1855, Edition 1 of 2, Page 930, Untitled Article

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      o £ ji £ glaiMi i& dona , by Irishmen . This . * is © either more 5 or less tiaii a direct charge of faieneaaagainafc the Engjishworking ; classes . Is every . Englishman , down to , " thar ixumblfestj ,, a capitalist , witb ^ ms money embarked ^ in ; business , and his ^ hands doing ; nothing , but counting ¦ his ; gains ?' . oaf , is it not . rather a fact , that , wltKtatt * n * a # itbbora Saxpn , toil * he . lias often hardly enough to Keep , himself and- his . family ,, ani is beaten ^ dowa . in--Ms wages : by the competition , of those very Irishmenwhose labour in England Lord Stanley looks on as being universal "in nine eases , out . of ten £ " It is . undoubtedly false that Irishmen are , naturally- lazy y txutlJord . Stanley might have refuted this without throwing , dirt at his own indus-r trious . and . suffering , countrymen .

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      RAILROADS IN TURKEY . The establishment of railroads is becoming an important question in Turkey . , The Sublime Porte has published an official notification with respect to the formation of a network of railroads in the Empire , commencing with the one from Constantinople to Belgrade . The benefits to be expected from this , enterprise are thus stated in the memorandums" Turkey ,. a-country essentially agricultural , produces Immense harvests . These stand in need of roads- by

      which they can be conveyed to the sea , and thus feed the commerce of Europe . Steam navigation , which-furrows the large-indentations of the seas , which- penetrates , we may say , into the very hearfe of the- Ottoman Empire , has- already / , opened great outlets for the- agricultural riches of the . countries-which surround them . By opening , roads of communication in the interior , we shall make the whole of the . empire participate in the immense benefit , which maritime commerce offers to the coasts of Turkey .

      " To arrive at a result of this nature , great arteries of communication must be established ; that is to say , a network of railroads which , starting from the agricultural centres of the country , shall terminate at the seas , traversing in- their way the most productive provinces of Turkey , or serving to unite the lines of communication of this country with the great European lines . .... " Constantinople is an important city , and the seat of an extensive commerce . The produce and merchandise which it is- obliged , to obtain from the interior already' are the cause of immense traffic . Now the railroad from

      Belgrade to the-capital must pass through manj' important cities , centres of production and industry . The trade of Constantinople alone secures for the railroad a prosperous future . But ,, besides , this , the . port of Constantinople- i * one of the finest- and most extensive in the whole , world , and the enormous foreign trade of which it is the centre promises a brilliant future for the railroad . " Stillsmore , this railroad , destined to . unite Turkey with' the rest , of Europe , must naturally- introduce- an immense result ,, material and moral , and is destined in a short time , ; either at Constantinople itself , or in the most beautiful and fertile countries' of Roumelia to realise , under these two- points of view , the most important ameliorations , to give an enormous impulse to . commerce b # opening new outlets ; to , agriculture and manufactures , and to . inaugurate a now era ofi prosperity and riches /'

      The-councit of the Tanzimat has been ordered- to give thi&Mjuestkrtv . precedency overfall others- ; and a projeet has-been- published Ibr carrying out the obiects in-v 4 ew . The 1 Ottoman Government appeals directly to " the capital and experience of Europe : " During the six month * ensuing from October 1 st , 1855 , private companies , composed of shareholders , either subject * of the Empire or foreigners , are to come forward with their proposals > and the company wluchtpresents' the most advantageous offer , combined witlutlie best securities ; will obtain the definite

      GonceaMoni . The wisdom * of entrusting , these great works to private enterprise and to the open , competition of Europe ^ will be . ' obvious at the first glance . Railroada ; so < constructed , will pour much : of- the vi » . gorous blood ofi the West into the languid East . ; and Jronvwadl uteartt moy be the means of making " the Bforite man * ' as ^ stiroiig and healthy aa hi * neighboura .

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      ^ CONTINENTAL NOTES . The DusseldorffGazette contains a letter from Munich , which says : — " The Prince de Taxis , lately commanderin-chief of the first corps d ' arme ' e ( his functions ceased on the 1 st in consequence of the new organisation of the Bavarian army ) , has been selected to fill the . post of envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary of the King of Bavaria at the Court of St . Petersburg ,, in the place of Count Bray , who has long desired to retire . " The . acoounts from Thessaly and Albania ( says the Times . Constantinople Correspondent ) continue very bad

      indeed , they are worse than ever . We learn that the banditti increase oa . every side in numbers and audacity , and that the feeble ; autfcorities afford but the shadow of protection . Such , government as there exists is , indeed ^ damaging only to those whom it professes to protect , since , if . it , existed not , these would know that they had only themselves to rely upon ,. and would take measures fox . defence accordingly . A person employed by the Pelion ]) ftinipg Company has been carried off by the robbers , w-ho demand-100 , 000 piastres , there equivalent to about 1 OO 0 Z ., for his ransom .

      and-has lost forty men . The ? factious / however , are being , pursued with , great vigour-Baron Alexander von . Humboldt has just celebrated the eighty-sixth , anniversary of his birthday . Notwithstanding his- great age , he still' unremittingly continues his important labours . The French and ; English Cabinets have approved of the conduct of . their ministers at the court of Athens with respect to the- affair of Kalergi . Both Governments have informed , the King of Greece that they do not desire to interfere with his choice of ministers , provided that the choice responds to the exigencies of the Allied-Powers . If the retirement of General Kalergi is insisted * on , the Allies will demand " very formal guarantees" to guard against the disastrous consequences which might follow . So says a letter from Athens in the Nouvelliste of Marseilles . The nature of these guarantees remains a mystery , and is indeed kept secret from the Greek Government . The French Government has opened upon the financial period of 1855 a credit of ten million » francs , for assisting works of communal utility , and for bestowing aid- through the bureaux of public charity . The motive for this act is ; the . temporarily high price of corn . Since this announcement , the Constibutwnnel has published the fact that a fall lias taken place in the price of cereals , to the extent of three franes less per sack of 156 kilos , on flour , and of one franc , fifty centimes , to two francs , on corn . A rumour prevailed in Paris towards the close of last week , to the effect that the Emperor had been shot at by one of the Cent Gardes . For a time , the report was believed by many , and created great excitement ; but it has been officially contradicted with much emphasis . The condition of Wallachia and Moldavia is likely at some future time to give trouble to the great European powers . A letter from Bucharest , dated the 8 th instant , sayS . "We learn from an excellent source that our Principalities have once more occupied the attention of diplomatists Jit Constantinople . The Austrian Envoy has spoken mud in favour of Prince Stirbey , and has even alluded to a prolongation of his power . To these overtures , Ali Pacha replied that the question was one which ought to T ) e treated between the representatives of England , France , and Turkey . Baron Koller did not insist , but it is generally reported that the Cabinet of Vienna intends to communicate with London and . Paris on the subject . " ^ Tke writer , who looks with , great indignation on the desire of Austria to prolong the execrated administration of Prince Stirhey ,, hopes that the Cabinet of London will aid them , but fears that they have nothing to . hope for ficom France . Alexander Ghika is the man looked on with most favour by the WaUachians and Moldavians . The Constantinople Correspondent of the Univers states that M . Pisani , the first interpreter of the English Embassy , delivered- to the Sultan a message from Lord StratforddeKedcliffe , reminding his Majesty that ,, should he admit Mehenaet Ali into the ministry , he would forget the promise , which he deigned to make to the ambassador , and . would inflict a severe blow on his own : sovereign dignity . The reply of the Sultan is said to have been as follows :- — " My Dear M . Pisani , —I am master in my own house . My ministers are my men . Tell your ambassador that Itake them , that-1 dismiss them ,, that I exile them , that I pardon them ,, that I restore them and dismiss them again , how and when it pleases me . In this regard 1 am not responsible to any one" [ literally I have no overseer ] . " You , may retire . " Some degree of doubt is- thrown over this story from the fact of its appearing in . the Univers , a paper which is not favourable to the cause of the Allies , nor to any cause except that of despotism and Papacy . The negotiations between the Austrian Minister oi Finance and M . Isaac Pereiro are said to bo broken off , an account of the latter wishing to take the Creuit Mobilier as . a model for the proposed Austrian Hvpotheken Bank . The Rothschilds have also been treatingwith the Austrian Minister ; but it is believed that they will not agree , The Chevalier Francois Hamonioro de Chapuset , aide-de-camp to the Emperor . Soulouque , of Hayti , hu > arrived ., in , Paris with , u , suito of three negroes . The ; last , intelligence from , the Burin . au Einuiro announces that ax extraordinary embassy was on the point of setting out for Frunce , being the first that the Emporor of Burmah over sent to any Power in the world-General d'Orgoni ia to . be at itu head . The evoniug , sheet of the Oesterreichiache Zeitung of September 17 th contains tho following : — " The Inat communications from Paris and London lead us to believe that tho opinions of those English papers which- would willingly see tlio four guarantee points sot asido nns shared by British and French diplomatists . At all events ,, we havo boon assured , that tho Western . Power * now intend to tiiko full advantage of their right to propose such conditions as they may consider necessary . Itia not our intention to say that as a consequence of this tho friendly reflations between , Austria and Franco have boon disturbed , as it is , hardly to ba supposed that Franco will enter into o . path which Austria will bo unable to tread with her , Tha foregoing , has been written in ondei * that the public may have a knowledge of tho present , political situation . " Article II . of the " el ^ U-burn . ,

      Professor' Eracst JReinhold ,. son of the celebrated German . philosopher of that name , and , himself a . very remarkable man , died at Jena last week , in his sixtysecond year , from an attack of apoplexy . The Carlista . iu , Catalonia ,. it is said ,. continue to receive sums , of monoy -which appear to proceed from Naples , and which aw Relieved to be supplied by Russian agouta A crowd ofi people wore assembled ou tha , 17 th around an imago of th * Yirgiui in one of the struts of Milan , chanting , hymne with- an , accompaniment of music . A numerous , party ,, desirous of ; enjoying , tho scene at , their eoB& obtained weeesa to a . balcony opposite ; , but they had bee » thexa hut a , few minutoa when , the balcony gave way , and . twenty-five' persons wwo precipitated into the steeet . Two of there died the , same day ; thq other * axo iu aprecarious state .

      , Tfce Madrid G azette contains nominations to the post of aido-de-cainp to tho King ; of General , Fitov , Brigadiers Bttroasteguiand Falcon , and Colonels Anaetles and Feran . Tli « definitive amouatafi the subscription to tbo voluntary loan of 250 wUUona , i » , 178 millions . Tho Gazette olao contains royal decrees whiob- enact that henceforth tho Mojor-Domo , the Cainarcr . a Mayor , and . thq Intoudaut-GeaerAl o £ tho Palace ^ halL be nominated " on the proposition o £ the . Council of Ministtwa ; " the decrees specify tb » services of- these dign i taries , and . at the same time suppvosB ; various places la the . royal household , Tha SpanWU Gaxetta announces that th # movable column of Tiemp ; , ht » been aur . p ? iae < iby * C * rliat baud ,,

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      king in fortifications at Gaeta , Capua * and other places which ar « not very .-likely , to . be attacked ; Pxince-Sant Cesaceo * Master of the Horse ,, a faithful servant of the king for the last five-and-twenty years ,, has been forcedsto send in hi& resignation , for having ventured-to advise his Majesty against the insolence , and tyranny of Mazza . The ministerial changes , therefore , da not . seem likely ta-lead ' to any improvement in the condition of the people . The i despotism of the lunatic king , as evidenced in his favoured instrumen ts , the police ; does not in the least * abate ; and the intelligence &om Sebastopol has sq exacerbated the mad' humour , of- Messieurs the Sbirri , that | peaple have been arrested for reading the despatches with undue- unction and relish . Yet what have the mob to complain of ? Are they not entertained with miracle shows , by studying , which they may become good Catholics and contented subjects ? Within the last few weeks- they have witnessed the ceremony- in honour of St . Januarius , when the priests had the honour of performing the far-famed and unequal feat of the liquefaction of the saint's blood , to numerous , and enthusiastic audiences , who . were also entertained by military music , illuminations , &c . . Yet , notwithstanding these splendid and edifying shows , liberally , provided by a paternal government * the people begin to speculate upon the best man whom they could get to manage their affairs , supposing King , Bomba to be deposed . The Prince of Capua , according to the Times Correspondent , is the most likely aspirant to offer an harmonious solution of the difficulty . He is described as amiable and accomplished ; and- it appears that he too is a victim of royal caprice and injustice , his property having been sequestrated in consequence of his marrying a lady of whom- the king , did not approve . Had he consented to . repudiate his wife , as such , he might have regained his property ; but this he would not do , and his refusal , especially as it has been accompanied by poverty and difficulties , speaks highly in his favour It is thought that , should he succeed to the throne * . h e might effect a reconciliation between aristocracy and republicanism , by standing as a mediator between the two * and moderating the extreme demands of each . A despatch from Naples ,, dated Jast Monday , states that the difficulties between King . Bomba ' s Government and France and England are not yet arranged * . From . Rome , this week , we have ^ for * wonder , no new atrocities to recowk

      TIES ITALIAN NI&H 0 MARE& TinBT'succeaa at Setfustopol , and the urgent demands of France and Englat ^ dl for apology on the part of the King ; of Naples have precipitated a ministerial crisis- in that' tMinappy country . Mazza htta been removed from the police ; but the decree which notifies this fact erpettka of hifl being 'called to other commies-ions /* Don JLudovico Bianchini takes his place . It is-alfio-reported that the insult to ? Prance hae received compenootion by the dieinieeo ^ from hla , con >> mand of the * officer who neglected to salute the French-admiral on the 15 th of August , or even to aBBfrew Mis not » on the subject * Another temovaly howerer ^ w 4 R * so niuoh satittfoctkun- Princ * I ^ hltllH tbiy Minister of War , has yielded up his place to Ficena , on account , it is aaid ^ of- opposing ttle ^ jridiouIoiM i eoqpenditure now being made by the

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      9 a ^ ^ T , i | Iiv 3 fe M T >» [^ 286 > S ^ gp&B ^ g ^ ,

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), Sept. 29, 1855, page 930, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2108/page/6/