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Leader (1850-1860), 9th June 1855, Edition 1 of 2, Page 534

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      the iocalcuiablecalamities which war must bring upon the country ? The ^ sacrifices we have already made liav-e touched , the foundations of our national greatness and our . national duration . The financial candLfciou of-the United . States of America , as contrasted with , . that of this country , shows a balance of expenditure of 75 , ttQ 0 , QOO / . a year in favour of the former . Should the war expenditure go on , capital , trade , population and industry , may be transferred to the United States . ¦ " The member for Southwark , the Chancellor of the Exchequer especially , and I am afraid many other members of this House , seem to think little of taxes , and they have no patience with me if I speak of the : cost of

      the war- I am obliged to ask the attention of the House for a moment on this point . I recollect that in the life of Necker it is stated that an aristocratic lady came to him , when he was the finance minister of Louis XVI ., and asked him to give her a thousand crowns from the public treasury—not an unusual demand in those days . JNecker refused to give what was asked . The lady started withastonishment . She-had an eye . to the vastf tmds which -nsre collected from the taxes , and she said , ' What can a thousand crowns be to the king ? ' Necker answered her ¦ very seriously , ' Madam , a thousand crowns are the taxes of a whole village . ' I ask hon . gentlemen to consider what it is that taxes mean ? What is it but the clothing and furniture of many a poor family in Lancashire or

      Yorkshire ; medical attendance to many a sick wife ; the school pence of three or- four little children ; hopeless toil to the father of the family , penury through his life , a cheerless old age ; and , if I may quote the language of the poet of humble life , last of all ' the little bell tolled hastily for the pauper ' s funeral . ' That is what taxes mean . The honourable member for Dorsetshire spoke in a manner that I thought rather flippant and hardly respectful of some of us on this bench some nights ago . Let me tell him that the labpurers of Dorsetshire and the weavers and spinners of Lancashire are toiling , and must toil , harder , longer , and with smaller remuneration , for every hundred pounds that you exact in taxes from the people beyond what is necessary for the just and judicious requirements of the exchequer of the country . I hope , then , that I shall be permitted to

      treat the question on this ground . And recollect that that which strikes down the children in the cottage attacks also the children in the palace . If you darken the homes and destroy the hopes of the population in the- bumble dwellings of the country , you . also darken the hopes and the prospects-of the offspring of our Queen , ia whom are bound up so much of the interest and so many of the hopes of the people of this country . Why sbould we not , therefore , disregard the small-minded ambition that struggles for place ? Why should we not by a frank , a just , and an earnest policy , restore , as I believe we may do , tranquillity to Europe , and prosperity to the country which is so dear to us ? " ( Cheers ) . On the motion of Mr . Francis Scott , the debute was again adjourned , the next evening being fixed for its continuation .

      SAVINGS JJJlNKS . A 3 *» FRIENDLY SOCIETIES INVESTMENTS BILL . The second reading of this bill was moved by the Chancellor or thb Exchkqubr , when , after some discussion , the order was discharged , on the understanding that a new bill on the subject should be introduced . , . , . 'The Friendly Societies Bill was read a third tune and passed . CAHUiaiDGJE TJNIVKRSITY DILL . Jxx the Hpuse of Lords , on Thursday , the Lord Ghajncjbllob , on the order of the clay being read for

      the recommittal of the Cambridge University Bill , explained the vai'ious amendments which he proposed to . introduce into the measure , the general efl&ot of which n » ay be described as intended to render the clauses for reforming the general body of thfi lloiversity of Cambridge in unison with those contained in the bill passed last year for the University of Oxford . In the case of Dissenters , it was proposed that they should be allowed to proceed to the tlegreo of Master of . Arts on the understanding tUab such Masters of Arts were not to become iaeo » hers of the Senate unless they subscribed the Thirty-nine Articles . Alter some discussion , tho bill passed through committee . The Ecclesiastical Property ( Inland ) Bill was read a tliird time , antl passed .

      rKxrnoNS . Maynooth GitANT . —By Mr . H . W . Wickham , from the Orangemen of the township of Manninghnrn , West Riding of Yorkshire ; Mr . Lindsay , from tho United Presbyterian congregation of North Shields ; Mr . Cheet-Imrn , from tho v 4 car and tho inhabitants of Freacot , Lancashire ; Mr . Alexander Hnstio , from GhiHgow ; Mr . Cowan , from tho General Assembly of the Free Church of Scotland , from tho Edinburgh Young Man ' s Protestant Society , from tho deacons and curates of St . Andrew ' s Church , Edinburgh , from tho United Presbyterian olturoheff of Groat Junction-street , Wick , Bridgond , and Colgate : all against .

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      Pttrthbr successes in the Sea * of Azof antf m other war localit ies , keep up the happy auguries of last week . The Russians appear to be seksed with a fatalism equal to that of the most theoretical Mahometan , and to make no other resistance than the negative one of burning their shipping and stores . Attacked with vigour , they fly with precipitation from the advancing enemy ; and we have little else to do than to occupy each new position as it falls into our hands , and to write home the records of our triumphs .

      Soudjak Kaleh , in Circassia , was evacuated on the 28 th of May ; on which occasion , the Russians burnt the principal buildings , and abandoned sixty guns and six mortars , having firs * rendered them unserviceable . About the same time , Genitchi was captured by the Allies . This exploit is thus detailed in a despatch from General Pelissiar , published in the Moniteur : — " Crimea , June 2 , 10 P ; M . " Advices received from Kerteh , dated the 31 st of May , announce that , on the refusal of the military authorities of Genitchi , situate on the northern extremity of the tongue of land of Arabat , to give up the Government stores and ninety vessels laden with provisions for the Russian army in the Crimea , the squadron , under the orders of Captain Lyons , bombarded the place , drove out the troops , and destroyed all the stores .

      " The enemy has thus lost , in four days , an immense quantity of provisions , four war steamers , and two hundred and forty vessels employed exclusively in provisioning the troops in the Crimea . " In accomplishing this result , seamen and marines were landed ; but not a man of the Allies was killed , and only one was wounded . " It never rains but it pours , " says the homely adage ; and therefore on the top of the news of these captures comes the intelligence that the

      bombardment was resumed on the 6 th mst . With our two previous failures before our eyes , we are certainly not warranted in being very hopeful on that score ; yet , when it is considered that we . are still nearer the walls , that our weight of metal has been greatly increased , that we . are flushed with success while the enemy is disheartened by defeat , and that Pelissier is at the head of the French army , it is impossible not to admit that we have a better prospect of battering down the obdurate walls of Sebastopol than on either of the former attempts .

      General Gortschakoff must begin to feel uneasy ; but he puts the best face he can on his reverses , and writes home to his master that , in consequence of the measures he has taken , the Allies will not be able to cut ofl" the communications of the Russian army . The following are the terms in which the St . Petersburg journals announce the occupation of the line of the Tchernaya by the Allies , and the recent successes in the Sea of Azof : — "At two o ' clock in the afternoon of the 24 th , the Allied forces appeared in the Sbrait of Kerteh . Near Sebuatopol considerable forces of the Allied army have occupied the heights of ' the left bank of the Toheraaya , and are establishing a fortified camp there . " Our readers will recollect that it was the right bank of the Tchernaya which we occupied .

      The Russians are rapidly making redoubts on the north side of Sebastopol ; but they are as yet unarmed . Four regiments * of infantry , cacli 0600 strong , are said by the Russians to have arrived at Pere-kop under General Oushakoff ; and General Grotenhielm i » also reported to have reached the isthmus with four regiments of light cavalry , each containing 960 men . JBut we must not place too much fuith in these accounts . On the other hand , we read that General Williams has nearly completed the fortifications of Erzeroum , and was then to fortify Kara . A despatch from Marseilles says that the

      Russian troops which were expected at Tillis hud been sent oil" to the Crimea , and in consequence great apprehensions were entertained in Tiflia of an attack by Schamyl and the Turks . Further accounts received through Constantinople relate that General Mouravie ( I ) Coniniaudcr-in Chief of the Russian detached army of the Caucasus , iu in great want of reinforcements . To supply their lack , ho is attempting to raitt-u troops by voluntary enlistment from among the Armenian population , He i « at the same time endeavouring to negotiuto a stiBi > eiisum of hostilities with Schamyl .

      Omar Pacha has embarked at Eupatoria and landed at Kamiesch a body of 25 , 000 picked men and forty guns . Theeo were to , be replaced by an Egyptian and Tunisian division . The following despatch from General PolissLer , dated June 1 , is published in the Moniteur : — "Wo have oxplodud two mines before tho Flugwtafl ' Battery , the second of which did much dumugu to tho enemy . " In the ravine of Carooning Bay , in aclvanooof our

      works , our engineers discovered a transverse line f twenty-four cubic cases filled with gunpowder each forty centimetres thick in the inside , placed at ' enual distances , and buried just beneath the sod ; each case containing one-fiftieth of a kilogramme of powder ia covened with a fulminating apparatus , which , would explode by the simple pressure of the foot . These cases have been taken up by our engineers . " The Russians appear to be concentrating at Anapa and to be strengthening their works there . ' In the action of the 23 rd of May , the French loss was 600 killed , and 2000 wounded . The Russian killed amounted to 1500 , and their wounded to 6000

      GENERAL CANROBERT . A special correspondent of the Daily News , writing from the Crimea , says : — ¦*• " Those who have watched General Canrobert during tho anxious months of our Crimean trials will always think of him with feelings of gratitude and admiration . We can never forget the time when his eye and his hand were on all points of our camp ; when he and his cortege of general officers by their daily rides almost traced out the lines which it behoved us to occupy ; when his

      superior soldiership supplied him with resources for our assistance which all the wealth of Great Britain could not supply for us at the time ; when his transport took down our sick , and his men took up our shot ; when his regiments turned out to make the very roads that connected our lines with our depot , and when all eyes in the camp "were turned to the French commander , not as our general , but as our preserver . These are matters which none but the base and ungrateful can ever forget , and even their oblivion is a pretence . " The Paris correspondent of the same paper writes :

      " I am permitted to make use of a private letter from an officer of rank which has been shown to mo , and which explains from the best source the immediate causes which led to the resignation of General Canrobert , as they are reported by his intimate friends . Long before that event , General Canrobert had strongly felt the necessity for a new plan of vigorous aetion , and had continually expressed his opinion to that eftect to Lord Raglan . In his view , considerations of strategy , as well as considerations relating to the health and moral of the troops , made it impossible that his army could remain long in the lines before Sebastopol , slowly carrying on a siege , without the most disastrous consequences . There

      were two principal schemes fur action . One , suggested by the Emperor , was the sending of a number of troops to Eupatoria , and a march from north to south to effect a junction across the Russian lines with the besieging army . Another , which was the plan conceived by General Canrobert himself , was to march from south to north—to reverse , in fact , the turning march performed after the battle of Alma . General Canrobert saw difficulties in the Avay of the Emperor ' s proposal , but he made great and unsuccessful efforts to induce Lord Raglan to concur in his own . Two councils of war were held in quick succession , at the second of which Omar Pacha was present . At this second council , Lord Raglan with difficulty was brought to consent to the proposition ;

      but the next day lie seat word to General Canrobert that he could not spare a man from the trenches . Canrobort was so disheartened at this , that he sent off at once the tolegruphic despatch , requesting to be superseded . The letter describes Lord Raglan as endowed with the rw irtertue to such an extent as to leave little room for any other quality . He remembers the siege of Badajoz . He finds that he makes progress , although but slowly ; nnd with bulldog tenacity he is resolved , come what may , to stick by his trenches . General lVlisnier , it is said , at once came , to an understanding with him , and combined a acheme for a more extended action on the part of the French army with the concession to Lord Rag lan that the bulk of the English troops should remain in their

      present positions . " It is supposed by many that the misunderstamliiifir about the first Kerteh expedition was at the bottom of General Cunrobert ' a secession , which , it ia asserted , was rendered obligatory by the Einporor himself , who , however , offered the general a high coinmanu in Africa . To this oiler , report says that Ganroburt replied that ho would rather remain with the army in the Crimea , even if ho wore tho uniform or u private . . . On quitting the chief command , Goncral Canroborc issued the following uddross to tlio army . — Lcmi

      " General Order . —HoUiura ,--General Folis-wier , --mamtar of tho First Corps , awmmes from thiw day * jl '" ' tho chief command of tho army in the l £ a * t . 'I he •' ' « " - poror , by placing at your head a general uei-ustoinm to great commands , grown , old iu war and in tho c . nmp , »« w wished to give you an uttditiou . il proof of hw M " " ! ' ' aud to prepare utill mow tho succuhhoh which , boiior n > o , shortly await your onergofcio perrtovuranco . leaving tho exalted position whoro circum . * . tano « . f » fcho will of the Sovereign had p laced me , and wh ( ' 3 " maintained mo , iu thw midat of sovoro trials , 'W ¦>" warlike virtue * and that confiding devotion w « U » w ' you novor coiuiod to honour me , 1 do not sol » iruU > . ^ from you ; tho huppinous of taking a clouer share »"¦> .. glorious futigueu and your noblo lubouis hat * boon giw " -

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      THE WAR . ;

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      &&m ¦ ¦ . •* - ~ - — - " - hzi 3 ^~ - ~ - " -j- >

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), June 9, 1855, page 534, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2094/page/6/