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Leader (1850-1860), 21st April 1855, Edition 1 of 2, Page 373, _^naternpt

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      Accident to Earl Grauvimje . —The President of the Council has been thrown from his cab , and much shaken ; but he received no injuries of importance . Jerusalem . —Accounts from Jerusalem to the 19 th nit . speak at some length of sanguinary hostilities -which tave for some time been carried on between Abou-Goch and the Scheik Laham , chiefs of Arab tribes in Palestine , owing to rival pretensions to domination in the western part of Judea . A letter of the above date says : " After much bloodshed , and after ravaging their respective districts , the two enemies , by the intervention of the Turkish Pacha of Jerusalem , consented to a sort of truce : but Abou-Goch , in a few days violated it ,

      and , invading some of the villages occupied by the partisans of the Scheik , murdered several persons , sacked houses , extorted money , and committed other excesses . Amongst the villages which he ravaged was that of Beit Safafa , at only a few miles' distance from Jerusalem . The proceedings of the man had occasioned great terror in that city , and the French Consul had joined the Turkish Pacha in attempting by negotiation to induce him to put an end to them . A man named Giorgias Eschaer , who took an active part in the riots at Beit Djallah , which were got up against the catholics , and who fired at the Abbe * Moretain , a missionary , as he was celebrating mass , has been arrested ; he had for some time before been concealed in a Greek convent . He now

      remains here in prison . " Four Incendiary Fires in One NigiIt near St . Ives . —The village of Needingworth , near St . Ives , has been nearly destroyed by a succession of fires evidently the work of an incendiary . Four perfectly distinct conflagrations broke out within about an hour of each other , and consumed several barns and granaries containing valuable farm produce and implements , a great many cottages , one or two substantial houses , and several hay-stacks and out-houses . The fires were at length got under ; but the damages are estimated at nearly 6000 ? ., and the poor are great sufferers . A man is in custody on suspicion .

      The Public Health Bill . —A meeting in opposition to this contemplated measure was held at Birmingham on Friday week . Two resolutions , setting forth that the bill would destroy local self-government , and that it would materially injure , and at some cases totally suppress , various trades , were unanimously passed . . The West Indies . —By the last West India mails we have dates up to the commencement of April , but no news of importance . All the islands are reported healthy . Trade in Jamaica was dull . At Granada , the crops had been somewhat interrupted by rain . The Panama railwav is in full action as far as Panama . Subscriptions

      were collecting , both at St . Jago and Valparaiso , towards the Patriotic Fund . The President of Nicaragua died on the 12 th of March . It was supposed that General Coral , commander of the forces , would be president . General Castellio still holds out at Leon , and there is very little prospect of a termination to the war . On the 22 nd of March , the Star of the South , United States steamer , was at Grey Town , with instructions that no passengers were-to be landed on the Grey Town side , and no letters to be delivered there . Her Majesty ' s ship Devastation was lying at Grey Town . A robbery of 60 , 000 dollars' worth of gold-dust , on its way to Carthagena for shipment to Europe , has been committed .

      The Late Fall of a Bridgk at Bristol . —The inquest on William Cooksley , one of the sufferers by the late catastrophe at Bristol , has terminated in a verdict of Accidental Death . Three out of the fifteen jurymen , however , were opposed to this verdict . The captain and the mate said the vessel could have been brought up in time had not certain mooring-posts been removed . A policeman stated that he believed the posts had been broken off accidentally the same morning by a tug-boat . Lord Clanricarde .- ^ -A pamphlet has been published by Mr . Dalton , of Cockspur Street , under the title of " An Inquiry into the Truth of tho Accusations made against the Marquis of Clnnricarde in the cnusc of Handcock v . Dclacour . " The Morning Post says that this

      pamphlet " confirms the facts , as well as tho general tenor , of Lord Clanricarde ' s affidavit . The only evidenco ( if evidence it can be called ) of tho paternity of the boy Delacour is destroyed by tho affidavit of Mra . Kennedy . The diary of Miss Handcock is strong evidence that the home of these young ladies was not an unhappy one ; and tho letters of Ilonoria ( written in 1851 , tho year in which she executed the disputed deed ) show not only that mutual affection subsisted between her mother nnd heraolf , but that she entertained feelings towards tho boy Delacour quite at variance with the disliko and enmity ascribed to her . " Wo give these assertions on tho authority of our contemporary , not having seen tho pamphlet itself .

      The Frkncii Emmcuou and tjih Chartists : ltumoukki ) Attempt to Assassinatio this Eairicuou . — Yesterday , three working men , Chartists , were brought up at tho Mansion House , charged tyijth distributing in the City , on tho occasion of tho Emperor ' s visit , n . handbill denouncing Napoleon III . as " a murderer , an oathbreaker , and a destroyer of tho French and Italian Republics . " Mr . Ernest Jones appeared for tho accused , who were remanded for a week . Ball was put in for one of them by an Italian . —As tho Emperor was returning from . Guildhall , and passing under tho triumphal arch

      on Constitution-hill , a foreigner stepped towards the carriage , and threw a letter in at the window . He was immediately arrested , under the belief that he had made an attempt at assassination ; but a messenger was sent from the Palace , with an intimation that the document contained nothing offensive , and that , consequently , it was the Emperor ' s wish that the man should be discharged . This was accordingly done . He is a Frenchman , and described himself as a doctor of medicine . Another Lady Charged with Stealing . — -A case , very similar in the allegations to that of Mrs . Ramsbotham , has been heard at the Guildhall , Hereford . A Mrs . Roberts was charged with stealing certain silk handkerchiefs from a shop ; but , the evidence being somewhat contradictory , the prisoner was discharged .

      The Festival of the Empire . —On Friday , the town was edified by placards—not ironical , but simply commercial—announcing that the civic feast in honour of Louis Napoleon had surpassed in splendour every public banquet " since the age of Tiberius . " Were it not prudent to avoid comparisons of this nature ? A parallel is supplied , no doubt , between the political condition of France as it is , and that of Rome as it was , when it sunk under the Empire ; but , at present , hard truths are not to be spoken . Landorsays , " Better find a ghost than a resemblance . " At all events , they do a very ill office to the Emperor Louis Napoleon who suggest the identity which exists between his regime and that of latter-day Rome .

      Sickness in the Crimea , 1839 . — " Accounts from Constantinople state that the Russian troops at Sebastopol and its neighbourhood were sadly suffering from illness , particularly from the ophthalmia , which presented all the symptoms of the Egyptian disease . Upwards of 7000 sick were lying in the hospitals . "—From the Times Newspaper , 25 th September , 183 9 . Professor Edlund , a Swedish savant , is said to have succeeded in so improving the construction of the electric telegraph apparatus , that it becomes possible to send messages by the same wire simultaneously in two opposite directions . —Builder .

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      Leader Office , Saturday , April 21 . _ HOUSE OF COMMONS . THE BUDGET . The . Chancellor of the Exchequer brought forward his financial statement . He began by apologising for the late period at which it was brought forward , on the ground that it would have been less satisfactory if it had been produced very soon after the formation of a new Government ; and also on account of the proceedings of the Conference at Vienna , which might have had an effect on the arrangement of the finances . He then referred to

      the estimate for the expenses and revenue of the year j ust past by-Mr . Gladstone ^ ... The estimate of the revenue of last year was 53 , 449 , 000 / . The product of the new taxes then contributed , with the ordinary taxes previously in operation , Mr . Gladstone estimated at 59 , 496 , 000 / ., and the receipts had been 59 , 496 , 144 / . With the unfunded debt , the revenue was 66 , 621 , 667 / ., and the expenditure was 65 , 692 , 962 / ., leaving an excess of 928 , 700 / . Much of the fruits of the new taxation had not yet been received , but when it was , there would be an excess of revenue over the estimate by more than 1 , 000 , 000 / . The estimate for the coming year was as follows : —For

      the Funded Debt , 27 , 974 , 000 / ., the Army , 1 G , 314 , 000 ., Navy , 16 , 000 , 000 * ., Ordnance , 7 , 000 , 000 / ., and he proposed to talec a vote of credit for the militnry service of 3 , 000 , 000 / . The Civil Service would be about 6 , 000 , 000 / ., making a total for the service of the country of 52 , 175 , 000 / ., which , with the interest of the debt , would amount to 86 , 000 , 000 / . and a half , including 1 , 000 , 000 / . for the Sardinian Loan . The expenditure of the last year of peace for Navy , Army , and Ordnance , was 16 , 487 , 000 / . Last yeiir it was 30 , 131 , 000 / . This year it would be 43 , 673 , 000 / . His estimate of the product of tho various sources of taxation for the coming year Was , in the total , 63 , 339 , 000 / . He proposed , inordor to meet the expenditure , to leave a margin of about 0 , 000 , 000 / ., making the total estimated

      expenditure of 86 , 000 , 000 / . and a half . A deficit of 23 , 000 , 000 / . was therefore to bo supplied , and he had to consider the ways and means to meet it . It had been proposed that tho entire expenditure of a war should be met by tho taxation of the year , and that the Government should not bo allowed by loans to tax posterity . But the experience of this and all countries showed tho impossibility of at onco mooting war expenditure by taxation ; and even if it wero the abstraction of tho saving of the middle and industrial classes by excessive taxution , it was a far greater evil than the abstraction of capital by means of loans ; taxes which crippled industry and interfered with industrial pursuita were more injurious than tho abstraction of capital . The principle adopted by Mr , Pitt was

      that of increased taxation , accompanied at the same time by loans ; its results should be a warning against straining the taxable capabilities of the people . The Government had therefore determined to resort to a loan . He then traced the history of the National Debt from its beginning at 10 , 000 , 000 / . in 1700 , and its increase at different periods till 1816 , when it stood at 816 , 000 , 000 / . ; and in last year it stood at 751 , 000 , 000 / ., being a reduction of nearly 65 , 000 , 000 / . He urged that in any system of loans means should be taken to prevent the permanent increase of the National Debt ; but , at the same time , something like a perpetuity of debt was forced on the Government by the requirement of the lenders ,

      who were desirous of having a property , which being perpetual , was so much the more valuable , and therefore , more disposable . He next dealt with the principle of a Sinking Fund , and pointed out its fallacious nature . He then referred to the plan of loans by means of terminable annuities , and admitted that it had some advantages , inasmuch that repayment of the interest was the subject of a specific contract between the Government and the lenders . But it was found that a terminable annuity was scarcely marketable—and there was no example of an entire loan being effected on that principle ; but such annuities were always combined with a perpetual loan . However the Government might of termi

      have desired to effect their loan by means - nable annuities , they had no power to obtain the sum they required except on exorbitant and unjustifiable terms . The Government , therefore , proposed , in order to prevent a perpetual debt in contracting a loan , to set aside 1 , 000 , 000 / . a year applicable to the repayment of the debt now about to be contracted , and a clause would be inserted , the act making it incumbent on every Government to provide that sum for repayment so long as Parliament should leave that act unrepealed . This he thought should be provided m time of peace by means of a surplus created by taxation —and that he laid down as the

      distinction between his plan and a sinking fund . He proceeded to state the increased taxation which in the last war accompanied the loans which were raised for the military service of the country . He proposed , therefore , to make an addition to the taxation of the year of 5 , 300 , 000 ? . To raise that he proposed an addition to the duties on sugar of 3 s . per cwt ., which would ^ produce ^ SOO ^ OOOl ., which the article he thought could bear , in consequence of the price having gone down to the consumer 3 s . a cwt . in the last year—the importation having largely increased , lie proposed to add to the present duty on coffee of 3 d . alb . another penny , making the duty 4 d . a lb ., which would produce 150 , 000 / . He also prowhiwould

      posed the duty on tea from 1 s . 6 d . to 1 s . 9 d ., ch produco 750 , 000 / ., making a total of additional revenue of 2 , 000 , 000 / . He proposed to put a stamp-duty on cheques , and remove the exemptions they at present enjoy , and it would produce 200 , 000 / . With regard to Excise duties he should add a duty on spirits only . He should assimilate the duty on Scotch spirits to that on English'spirits He did not propose to equalise the duty on Irish spirits , on account of the circumstances of Ireland , but to raise it to 6 s . a gallon . He estimated the new duty on spirits to produce at least 1 , 000 , 000 / . All these additions would reach to 3 , 300 , 000 / . In order to meet the remainder of the sum requiredit was necessary to add to direct

      tax-, ation . Last year there was an increase in direct taxation of more than double that received as indirecttaxation . He should proposeadifferent principle , and plnce aless burden on direct taxation . The only direct tuxes of any magnitude were the house-tax and the assessed taxes . The house-tax , if raised , could not produce more than 1 , 000 , 000 / . In fact , the house-tax and assessed were only a species of income-tax , and the Government thought the best form of direct taxation was tho income-tax , and the remaining 2 , 000 , 000 / . requested was to be raised by simply adding 1 per cent , to the present rate of income-tax—that is , 2 d . in the pound could bo added to tho present rate of 14 d . in the would

      pound . This sum of 5 , 300 , 000 / . thus raised complete the means required for tho service of tho year . Tho right honourable gentleman then wont into a statement of the condition of the trado ot the country , and its capability of bearing taxation ; ana urged that his whole plan should be considered together , nnd exceptions not tnken to isolated parts of it . Ho then explained tho terms on which tho loan was to be contracted , and contrasted them wit ) t ! oso of loans in former yeftr » , showing that tho creaUo of Stock would not bo ho ruinously dwproport oniito as was the case during tho last war . Ho coneudetl by . placing the resolutions embodying tho Loan in the airman ' s hands . ¦ ¦

      ^ .,, _ ..., .... Mr Taino urged that tho House should not too hastily commit itself to the adoption of the principle of « ho proposed Loan . ¦ Uo objected to the indirect taxation proponed , and the required deflqit could have beun raised by a nine per cent . Income * Lax . Mr GLAim'ONM expressed a wish that the part ol tho resolution relating ; to tho repayment of tho loans hould not bo passed , as it would bind Parhamont to thoso exact terms , la ft lengthened speech he

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      i Amu . 21 , 1855 . ] THE LEADER . 373

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), April 21, 1855, page 373, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2087/page/13/