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Leader (1850-1860), 10th March 1855, Edition 1 of 2, Page unpag., (gfantentg.

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      Untitled Article

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      Untitled Article

      4 LEXANDER THE SECOND mounts the -LX throne of the Czars , and proclaims that he intends to persevere in the policy of his father-No sooner is the death of Nicholas known , than the means by which he reached it come in question . In Paris poison is believed to have been the cause ; but Dr . A . B . Gbanvxli-e has 6 hown that aVleast-one English physician could calculate the probable mortality of the man , and we believe that any Insurance Office would have refused a policy on the life of the heir to the infirmities of the Romanopf family . Nicholas came to his death " naturally "—if the close of so artificial a life as his can he called natural .

      No sooner was his death known than a speculation arose whether he would be succeeded by the eldest born or the child born after his accession to the throne- ^ " the eldest born of the Czar , " , as Constantine , the second son , has sometimes been called . This question has already been settled by the undisturbed accession of the eldest ,

      Alex-. The next question was , whether the Emperor Alexanjdbe II . would pursue the pacific policy presumptively ascribed to his ease-loving disposition , or proceed with the policy laid down by his father . Almost every consideration tended to the latter course . The whole organisation of the public service in Russia was framed to serve the policy of Nicholas ; it has acquired a certain momentum of itself , and a new Emporor would have to turn from its purpose the organized

      machinery which Nicholas framed for carrying out his plans . Now the weaker the hand that at present holds the sceptre , the more feeble would it bo to turn ^ the settled course of affairs . So that on speculative ground the calculation fails . But it appears to bo settled also as a matter of fact . On -mounting the throne , Alexander has issued a proclamation to his subjects , declaring that he intends to carry out the wishes and policy

      " Pjhiteb , of Catherine , of Alexander , and of his father . " If anything were wanting to point out the meaning of this phrase , it would bo supplied in the allusion to " honour and glory , " and in the announcement which appeal's otherwise uncalled for , that Finland and Poland are , indissolubly united to the Empire . There has been a talk of giving Finland back to Sweden , and of reestablishing the Polish kingdom ; and this phrase

      appears to be a defiance specifically challenging the enemies of Russia on those points , as well as a general declaration that there is to be no interruption to the policy of Nicholas . The reports from Vienna are of the most contradictory character . ' Every kind of conjecture is based upon the rumour and gossip of that amusement loving capital . The simple fact , that Prince Gortschakopf has had his powers as plenipotentiary of Russia renewed , has been taken to prove the disposition of Russia to yield ; while formal compliments from the young Emperor Francis

      Joseph to the memory of Nicholas , have been considered evidence that Austria truckles to the ghost of the late Czar . Napoleon III . is supposed to be led by the young Austrian Emperor . Those whoarebestinformed , however , do not put any faith in these hopes of the Peace party ; and our own opinion , that the conference in Vienna can only end abruptly , in proving the impracticability of an arrangement , Jsjjertainly ^ shared by an increasing number . We shall see ; but we certainly anticipate that the news of next week wilL be infinitely more warlike than that which we have to present our readers with on this present Saturday .

      Prussia remains outwardly unmoved ; m other words , Prussia continues faithful to Russia , notwithstanding the demise of Fiiedeiuck . William's brother-in-law . The last negotiations of Count Wedell in Paris have failed , but of course they have recommenced . Prussia will " negotiate" long as any power will listen to her . Meanwhile further accounts from the Crimea give additional importance to the transactions at

      Eupatoria : the Russians » were evidently in force , and they were repulsed by Omar Pacha with great gallanti'y . A new French division is destined to strengthen the forces in the Crimea ; the report that the Emperor is going is renewed witli increased probability ; and the rocal of Menscuiko pf , for incapacity , by Nicholas , shows that Russia is prepared for a great increase of the attack in that Peninsula .

      Piedmont sustains her position with dignity and independence . The Senate has discussed tho treaty with not less patriotism than the Chamber of Representatives ; and in reply to the Russian declaration of war , Count Cavouii has issued a manifesto calmly setting forth that Piedmont , owing no debts to tho forinor patron of Austria , will stand by tho public law of Europe . Tho Convents BUI has passed by an immense majority , tho threats of the Pope notwithstanding . And , in

      short , the Government of Piedmont , sustained by the Senate and the Representatives , is proceeding in its foreign and domestic policy with nothing but an increase of influence at home and abroad . Faults may be found in the details of its position ; exception may be taken to some of the arguments which individual Ministers put forth ; but there is no ^ denying that the attitude now assumed by Piedmont has given her an importance which she never possessed before , and has added another to the many acts of gallantry which have distinguished the House of Savoy . From Australia we have some further reports

      of the gold-license insurrection at the diggings . Peace , it would appear , had not been restored , and the mutineers' movement wore a more ugly aspect . Ringleaders had been seized , and the punishment of leading men who represent such great numbers is likely to engender a very bad spirit in a class deeply imbued with feelings the reverse of respectful to constituted authority . At the Cape of Good Hope the Kaffirs and . Fin-, goes , in alliance , were thought to be about to

      break the peace which General Cathcart forced upon them ; the settlers complained that the Savages had already violated the neutrality of the " reserved ground . " The colonists are very ready to suspect the Blacks , and are in many instances anxious to pick a quarrel . On the other hand , chiefs like Sandilla and Anta commonly begin their encroachments by very insidious approaches . Government was on the alert ; and while we may

      consider these early reports as exaggerated , we may receive them as corroborative proofs that the hollow peace , based upon " treaties" with men who do not understand , them cannot last . Martial law has been proclaimed , throughout the Island of Cuba , in anticipation of a hostile visit from tho United States . General Pierck ' s Government has taken steps to stop , in every port of the Union , the departure of any armed vessel intended for Cuba ; but wo have some reason to doubt whether tho expedition is not likely to

      npproach tho island from a quarter where General Pieucb ' s authority would not avail . Spain nuts oft * the evil day ; 1 ml her own internal disorders continue to be top great to justify the expectation that she enn keep distinct dependencies . She dares not oven emancipate herself from priestly rulo . While Piedmont has just passed tho Convents Bill , Spain has just decreed that the Roman Catholic religion is the faith of tho State , none other permitted to show itself . How can a people

      Untitled Article

      VO"L . VI . No . 259 . 1 SATURDAY , MAItCH 10 , 1855 . [ Price Sixpence .

      Untitled Article

      NEWS OF THE WEEK— "on Imperial Parliament 218 Probable Dissolution of Parliament 220 The Emperor Nicholas 220 The War 221 Continental Notes ... 222 State of the Kafir Frontier 223 Belgian Politics 223 The Sebastopol Committee 223 Tne Re-elections 224 The Duke of Cambridge and the Soldiers'Wives and Families ... 224 Peace Meeting at Manchester 225

      State of Trade , Labour , and the Poor 225 The Australian Insurrection 225 Expedition against the Cuban Government 225 Our Civilisation 225 Altering a Parish Register 226 Miscellaneous .-. 226 Postscript 227 PUBLIC AFFAIRSThe Granville Committee de Lunatico on Russian Emperors ... 228 Warnings 228

      The New Czar and his Coustituents 229 State of Popular Feeling 230 Tho Brussels Pamphlet 231 The Cavalry in the Crimea and LordLucan 232 The New Reign in Russia 232 Tampering with Faith 233 OPEN COUNCILThe Game Laws 233 LITERATURESummary 234

      The Science of Health 234 Five Volumes 237 THE ARTSAssault of Sebastopol 237 Sir Henry Bishop ' s Concerts , Hanover-square Rooms 237 COMMERCIAL AFFAIRSCity Intelligence , Markets , Advertisements , &c 238-240

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      "The one Idea whicli History exhibits aa evermore developing itself into greater distinctness is the Idea of Humanity—the noble endeavour to throw down all the barriers erected between men by prejudice and one-sided views ; and by setting aside tne distinctions of Religion , Country , and Colour , to treat the whole Human race as one brotherhood , having one' great object—the free development of our spiritual nature . "—Humboldt's Cosmos . . "

      Jettta Nf Tjje Wnk.

      Mtm nf tjje Wnk .

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), March 10, 1855, page unpag., in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2081/page/1/