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    bonnet carefully packed in a box . The bonnet is of pink satin of the first style of fashion , and still bears the address of the maker in the Rue de la Paix in Paris . Tliis bonnet , after having been tried on by all the men , has since been hung up as an ornament in one of their tents . Lord Ragman ' s Luncheon . —At Inkerrnan , when the fire was the hottest , a pony , with a pair of panniers , l ed by Xiord Raglan ' s German servant , was seen advancing towards the position of the commander-in-chief . Every officer whom the man passed on hia way desired him to go back , as the balls were falling thickly around , and the chances were that he would be killed . The cool German merely replied , " My master is not so young as he was ; he is always ill if he does not have luncheon , and his luncheon he shall hare . " The man reached his lordship ' s post through the fiery storm and returned in safety .

    Popularity of the French Alliance in the Provinces . —The French soldiers now in Gloucester on " -wooden-house" business have been entertained at a public banquet , at which the entente cordiale was pleasantly sustained . Vote of Thanks to the Fbench Army . —The following is an extract from the letter of M . Drouyn de li rays to ILord Clarendon , acknowledging the vote of thanks in Parliament : — " The thanks voted to our army and to our fleet , as well as to their commanders , could not but deeply affect the Government of the Emperor . The thoughts of his Imperial Majesty are directed with unceasing solicitude

    to the scene of the contest in -which the allied armie 3 are engaged ; it Is , therefore , with the utmost satisfaction that he observes the esteem which the . soldiers of the two countries mutually entertain for each other increased by the courage and perseverance which they display in tie service of one and the same cause . The Government of ^ the Emperor especially congratulates itself at per-r cei ing in the vote of the Parliament an evidence of the intimate union which , connecting together the policy of Trance and England , blends also in one and the same expression the encomiums to which glorious efforts and toilsome labours so justly entitle the two armies and the two fleets which the two countries have sent to share the same perils and the same fatigues . ' '

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    FRENCH OPINION OF OUR MILITARY ORGANISATION . The following extracts are from an article in the Journal des Debats , signed John Lemoinne :- — " Le Parlernent est ajourne" au 23 Janvier , et le gouvemement anglais est parvenu b , faire passer aes deux bills , celui do la rnilice et celui des troupes e " trangeres . Malgre" cet apparent succes , on . peut etre sur que le miniature est sorti tres affaibli de la discussion , et tres vraisemblablement il ne sera pas en mesure d ' affronter la prochaine session . Ce n ' est pas qu ' apres tout il n ' ait deployd dans les derniera temps une tres grande activite "; mais comme il faut que quelqu'un paie pour les fantes commises , c ' est l ui qui servira de bouc e * missaire . Tout le monde est me ' content ; plus encore , tout le monde est inquiet , et on s ' prend au gouvernoment de tout un systeme d'incurie et d'impreVoyance qui appartient a la nation entiore .

    " II a fallu , durant le cours de cettc discussion , avouer ouvertement des veritds f ilcheuses ; et le gouvernement , pour se de * fendre , a 6 t 6 oblige" de m « ttre sous les yeux du ' public l'dtat peu brillant de ses propres affaires . On a vu et on a admire * lo magnifique et inebranlablo courage qu ' ont de ' ploye' les Anglais dans la campagne de Crime ' e ; co point est hora de question et il serait oiseux de lo diacuter . Les Anglais sont done une nation tout aussi militalro qu'aucuno autre ; mais ils ne sont pas une nation organised militairerocnt . II n ' ont ni service obligatoire comme en France , ni celui de la landwchr comme en Allemagne ; et ils n ' ont , en fait d ' araicc permanente , quo ce qui est neceasaire pour la garnieon , des colonies et des dependances , ot aussi pour

    lo maintien do la se ' eurite' publique . Tout lo mondo sait quo e ' est chez eux un sujet do fiorto' do n ' avoir pas d ' armcSe . Cetto antipathic pour la force militaire , cotte aversion , pour co qu \ m nppcllo lo jucd do guorre , qui ont toujours ( fto * naturellea an peuplo angl ais , n ' ont fait quo s ' accroitre oneoro clepuis tin domi-sieclo , aiirtout depuis loa dernieres annoys , oil 1 'industrio n fait do si giganteaquos progrfes . La prddominanco toujoura croiasanto de l' ^ conomio politiquo a successivement re"duit l'dtablissoment mllltaire du royaumc jiux proportions les plus restrointos , ot c ' est uno tendance qu'il no faut attribuor ft nucum gouvernoment on particulior , oar olio a 6 U $ lo fait du pays tout ontior . Cost ainsi quo

    d'annce on amide , sous l'influonco des ideoa d'indufltrio , do travail ot d ' e ' eonomio , on a do plus on plus rddult lo budget do In guerre , do eorto qu'au moment oli ont commence" lea hofltllitdn , l'Anglotorro s'eat trouvCo prise . au ddpourvu . ' Rion . «' oBt plus facilo , commo jo voua lo di . nalfl , que do s ' on prondro ft do malhouroux ministroa , ot do crior : " Cost la fauto du gouvornomont ! " Moia lu v « 5 rit < S oat quo e ' eat la fauto do tout lo mondo . Cotto vtfritd a < St < $ la moillouro deTonso du gouvornomont , ot il < 5 tatt assess blon fondo" k rdpondro , commo il l ' n fait , a coux qui nttaquaiont , Vinsufllsanoo dos resHOurcos mllitftiroa du pays , quo dopuia vingt-cinq aixn ot plus toutoa * os Uhanvbrea doo Communoa uvaiont dt « 5 occupoos ft

    tailler dans le budget de la guerre , et n ' en avaient presque rien laissd . • « La situation de rarme " e anglaise a e * expose * une maniere encore plus nette et plus categorique par Lord . John Russell . Dans le cours de la session derniere , le Parlement avait vote" une augmentation assez considerable de Farmee . Le total existant alors ^ tait de 120 , 000 hommes ; le Parlement vota uno augmentation de 50 , 000 hommes , ce qui devait porter le chiffre a 170 , 000 honomes . A la surprise ge ' ne ' rale , le

    gouvernement est venu declarer la semaine derni&re qu'il n ' avait pas pu arriver h , computer ce cliiflre , et qu'il s ' en fallait encore de 20 , 000 hammes . On a re * duit les conditions d ' admission , on a eleve" les conditions de recrutement , rien n ' y a fait , on n ' a pas pu . comple ' ter l ' augmentation . Ceci peut paraitre en contradiction avec l'incontestable popularity de la guerre actuelle et avec l ' ardeur que manUeste pour elle le peuple anglais . C'est pourtant un fait mathematique , et je laisse ici parler Lord John Russell :

    " Je ne cite point le langage des journaux ; je me borne h . citer 1 ' autorite" du gouvemement anglais luimeme . Je crois que de cet e " tat de choses on peut concluxe , non pas qu ' il y a du ralentissement dans l ' ardeur que la nation anglaise montre pour la guerre actuelle , mais que l ' organisation traditionnelle de l ' armde anglaise ne pourra pas etre longtemps maintenuei De plus larges breahes seront faites par la ndcessitd h 1 'ancien eccclusivisme aristocratique . II y a eu bien des choses cliangdes- < lepuiis quarante ans ; et dans la carriere m il Ltaire comme daris toutes les autres , la classe la pl us nombreuse posera la cdlebre questipn du commeacement de la riyolution francaise , et demandera a etre guelque chose . "

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    CONTINENTAL NOTES . Spain . —If the new regulations of this remarkably changeable country are ordy half , or even only onetentli part carried into operation , Spain -will rival any nation in liberalism . On the 19 th inst . M . Ltizurriaga , - . the Minister for Foreign Affairs , resid the programme of the new Cabinet to the Cortes . Its substance is as follows : — " Sovereign liberty of the Cortes to decree the bases of tlie constitution ; a constitutional throne , with all the powers necessary to and inherent in tins institution ; roya l sanction for tie ordinary laws ^ individual safety , with no other limit save that which is required for ' tke

    safety of the public ; right of petition !; religious unity in whatever may liave aa interior character , without trespassing on the lespect due to other forms of belief ; strong parliamentary power , in order that the regal power may not be destroyed ; organisation of Parliament in both houses ; the right of refusing taxes not voted by the Cortes ; ministerial responsibility ; a national guard ; enlightened decentralisation ; peace and friendship with all nations , whatever their forms of Government may be ; assimilation of the colonies to the Peninsula ; general system of railways ; civil equality for obtaining pul ) lic situations ; special instruction in the arts and sciences , in order to destroy the mania of getting into puilic oilices ; free press , -with trial by jury . "

    MarshaL Espartero spoke a few words , and demanded of the chambers a compact majority and a good constitution , He eaicl that if anyone should attempt to m , ake the nation retrograde he would put himself at the head of the national guard and army , in order to protect the laws . The " debates" are going on—boisterously . Prussia . —The Morning Chronicle correspondent at Berlin , says : " Whilst speaking of the Chamber , it rnny not bo irrclovant to give an extract from tlio statistics of its composition , whereby some light will bo thrown upon tho independence of its acts and votes : Ministers of State and actual Frivy Councillors 0

    Ex-Ministors ,..,. , , 3 Undcr-Secretaries of Stato 1 Government adrninistmtivo functionnri ' os ( paid ) 04 Legal and judicial functionaries ( paid ) 5 G Military men ( either on full pay or retired ) 1 G Hotirod funotionurios ( ponsiortod ) ,. 12 Total ^ 88 That is to say , X 88 out of 850 mombora more or loss dependent on Government and Court favour for position oi means of existence . "

    Tho ISorhn Corresponded says thoro is a probability that the enrolment of German troops foribroign countries will , ho forbidden , seeing that , by Articilo XVIII . of tho Act of tho German Fedoration it ia expressly forbidden to German subjects to enter into tho military service of foreign states This Fouit Points . —Tho Cohqnc Gazette states that " Lord Clarendon and M . Drouyn do l'lluys hcivo communicated their interpretation of the four points , and in ^ orda nearly identical , fo tho oaliinot ot Vionna . I he latter accepts the interpretation , and lias transmuted it to ( St . Potcrabm-g . " It is also stated that ) on the 16 th tho Austrian , French , and English ambassadors wnited on M . do Muntouflbl to demand tho adhesion of Prussia to tliQ tvoaty of YJennn . M . do Mftntou 0 bl inquired whether they

    were authorised to communicate the interpretation of the four points , and on their replying in the negative , lie said that under such circumstances they could not expect an immediate adhesion . Greece a-nd the Porte . —The Porte has lust drawn up , in a very precise rtote , the terms on which it will consent to a resumption of political and commercial relations with Greece . Naples . —A quarrel has l ately broken out between the Government and the Jesuits . It appears the latter had been in the habit of teaching that the Pope was superior to all the other sovereigns of the earth , and the former has , for some unexplained reason , quite recently thought proper to regard this

    not very novel doctrine among Roman Catho li cs as highly revolutionary in its tendency . The consequence was , that M . Mazza the director of police sent for Padre Giuseppe , the chief of the Jesuits , and told him that they must discontinue this practice , and should recollect that in 1848 they were sent out of the country in carriages ; "but if these things continue , " said the Minister , " the Government will kick you out of the kingdom . " " Noi vi cacceremo a calci" were the precise words . The reverend father , much distressed at the result of his interview , hastened back to his convent , and immediately wrote a model of a protest , which , up to the present time , has proved miite ineffectual .

    • Postage to France . —A new postal treaty has been entered into between ^ Fran ce and England , the principal effect of which will be the reduction of the postage upon paid letters ,-weighing not more than I oz . ( a weight which includes the great majority ) to 4 d . instead of 8 d . or lOd . as heretofore . Aeiiand Marrast . —We last week inserted a paragraph describing the munificence of the Emperor of the French to the widow of Armand Marrast . The statement is utterly incorrect—the so-called widow actua ll y died a year before her husband—and the brother , M . Achilla Marrast , to whom the paragraph also referred , lias held the appointment of Procureur-General at Pau for the last six years , and has certainly not been recently rewarded in the manner indicated .

    Bavaria . —Letters from Darmstadt say that Ki ng Louis has had a severe return of his old malady . He appears to have been in great danger , but subsequently hia-vigorous constitution asserted itself , and he may be considered safe . Home . —A financial crisis is the latest fact . The ambiguity of the Government ' s conduct towards the state bank had left everybody uncertain as to whether the bank paper was obligatory or not , and the squabbles on the exchange have been so great in consequence that it has been found necess ary to establish two rates of exchange , there being about two per cent , difference between notes and silver .

    Meanwhile , the bank ' s discount operations having been suspended throughout the state , the consternation of mercantile men , who had hoped for a renewal of their bills , is at the utmost . The secret of the Avhole crisis may be told in a few words . Cardinal Antonelli and his brother ( who is the governor of the bank ) had fully intended and expected that the silver currency would not have been re-established and consequently had extended the bank operations enormously , but the Pope ' s unmovable resolution to extirpate the forced paper currency by the end of the year produced a run on the bank which would ha-ve begn fatal without the Deus intersit mediation of the Secretary of State .

    Holland . —A correspondent of the Daily JYews , writing from Utrecht , censures the servile members of the States General , w ho appear resolved to turn their ministry into a despotism : — * ' It is sufficient to ensure tho defeat of any measure , however much called for , and however salutury , if it bo introduced by tho froo-trado or opposition party in the chambers . Positive servility to tlio ministry dragged into oflico by tho power of offended Protestantism , seems to bo tho rule in tho States Gonoral—a rule confirmed bynfow distinguished exceptions . Tliorbecko , tho ex-Proinior , proposed to tnko oil' tlio oppressive duty on tho necessaries of life—broad and meat ; and an Utrecht university professor , of European reputationbut known

    , to bo hostilo in fooling to the chief of tho free-trade piu'ty , -wi-otu a pamphlet to show that Ktock-fi . ih and potatoes arc a more nutritious food for tho pooplo than broad and moat I—that tho latter avoi-o but luxuries , and as such ought to bo taxed ; nay , Unit they wore—tho l'rofustior in an inveterate smoker—by no moans ao necessary an article ) nn tobacco , which therefore ought to remain untaxod ! Tho metitmro wus accordingly , thnnlcB to- tho Utrecht profouaor'n theory—for numbers protendod t » boliovo it , and to conuidur its HcioiUiilo reasoning truly worthy of tho profotiHorinl gonitw—and to tho opposition or tlio Government , lout- and miniatoru recommended ' tho pooplo' to fount on Btook-fitth , potatoes , andaniolco !"

    Tins Polks ani > tiiib Wah . —A letter from Warsaw contradicts tho statement that tho rcsorvo battalion of Grenadiers lias boon called out . I ' rincc Paskiowitscli is still there . Iteepeoting tho alleged ajuithy of tho Polos , tho writer says : — " No 0110 -would boliova with what force of clmractoi tho 1 'oloa kooj > to themselves thoir feolinga , particularly

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    1228 THE LEADER . [ Saturday ,

• Citation
  • Leader (1850-1860), Dec. 30, 1854, page 1228, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2071/page/4/