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    " ** A Wooll&fi-Iactory' and colloii-mflrslancrbnTihe'fwin streams ' aftlicir nearest point of proximity , while beyond them , on either side , rise the massive foundry and the paper-mill . TJje bqgs , drained and filled > ith gravel from the hills , assume the fornrof respectable terra jintna , across which one street only deserve ? the name of ' straiglit , ' * -the . other two conforming somewhat to the sinuosities of the stream . In the centre of the village , erected before building-lots were at a premium , with comfortable elbow-room , stands the oldest church , its tall spire struggling up between the hills , in vain effort to see or be seen at a distance , two other Christian temples , of later date , are wedged in by a row of shops and warehouses . A few spacious dwellings , many smaller ones , of all sorts and sizes , hurriedly erected , fill ap the picture . . •* What ' though the ground is low , and never sees the sun at its rise or setting ? what it the Frost-king make here liis earliest visits ,- and his last ? what though the air is humid , and unhealthy vapours after night-fall chill the blood?—here throbs the restless , busy heart of a manufacturing village . It is a stirring , thriving place . All kinds of people are wanted : here , and it has attractions for all . .

    " The business of the place was mainly in the hands of three principal proprietors—men ^ rliose policy nicely harmonised , and who monopolised the village trade at taeir respective establishments , all giving their operatives ' store pay , ' at high prices . If there were any villagers who were not producers , or -whose interests were not in some way involved ' with the factories , disposed to murmur at the price of merchandise , there was no remedy but a Jonrney . of some distance to a town where Competition ' made prices equitable . " The three moneyed men aforesaid held a nominal connexion with the Christian church ; but so absorbed were they in worldly schemes , that it was sometimes difficult to tell whether they served God or mtimmon . They had too much conscience , ay , and too much regard to their business interests , not to support the institutions of the Gospel ; but there was about their own exampte little savour of practical' godliness . They were shrewd , cool , worldly-wise mem TJiey wanted a handsomely-furnished church , and a talented minister , and wero willing to offer a nominally generous salary . This done , they felt at liberty to put him under the screw , a * they would any other operative in their ¦

    pay" ; , that \ yas-Ml in the way of business . : : . ^ - "• Mr . Smith ; their first pastor , began the enterprise of building up a « ongtegation . He was indefatigable , and worked hard ; and was quite successful ; but they soonoutgrew him , and ^ ha . niustiaeeds give place to a more popular miin ; They were ' a growing people , '; and tUey , made large calculations . : ' . ' Theyshould soon have a railway—rand they meant to haVe an ^ ahk "; andinliaif a dqien years ,, they \ yould become , a borpjigh ; and thereafter they : might be a city ; Other sects were towering ^ up ; among them ; it was really important to get a smart ^ an as ' Mr . ^ forthnriany a theolbgue ; but none who came > . a"ttheir call / bad , ; iii tsheir estimatibn , sufncient ' -pUe of-forehead ? ti > match their , diadem . At length they . borrowed a new city notion , and despatched a delegation toliearone arid . aaptiherttnsusJDecting minister . _ . . ' : ; . " ¦ ?• The report from Salemwasso glowing , that a , ' * resolution , was at once passed , authqnsirigthecorntnittee to make a statenientto Mr . Vernon , and invite him ^ to in Millville . This was met by a declinatitre , made in all . sincerity , which served only to

    strengthen desire onthe part of theapplicaints . They : kept their eye on the Salem minister , anS , w ^ en ; Circumstan (^ requests v He : came , as ; we jj ^^ e | een , ahdithe waves of popular approvHl ran high ; and definite proposals for settlement , were iriade with speedl The chairman of the committee , Mr , Moulton ,: > vas a shrewdj plausible man . He talked hugely arid fluently of the prosperous cohditioh . of Blillville . He pointed : to tlta extensive ; bnsiness of the p lace , to . his foundry in particular— -the largest establishment of . the kind . inNew England . He -pointed to their handsome church and parsonage , ' asserting that . ini the lasttwroyears thejr ; had built the latter and furnished tl ; e ibrnrier , m addition tpthe piirchase of a . finebell . Hei spoke of . -their"liberal -appropriation for sacredmusicthe previous , wmter ; . And as to thesalary--

    now ,- arid doubted not they would be able to increase the sum after another year or two , as tiieywere ; fa growing people . ' To be sure , houseirenfc was rather high ; they should 1 ) 9 obliged , to ask a hundred fw the parsonage ; but : they got up splendid t *>« a « io »^ ai'iies her e , wWfcb ^ puld . n ^ arly ^ , ' . These flattenn « j itema , which ^ ere received ; as sober verity , we will hear in mind , . as we shall have bccasjOn to refer to theni liereafter . ; The prpspecfc looked bright to the youiig minister ;» - ' thej pleasing exterior caught his faHey ; he accepted '• the call , ' Had he known that it was the mere outside of the parish , he had seen , and that the most imposing- —had he been told that he had not caught the . first truthful glimpse of its interior life in ita relations to the pastorate , ho would . have hesitated long to leave an intelligent , reliable , and confiding people , for the ostentatious , plippery , fickle parish of MIlLville . "

    . Tlie Eqniest Student is a biography ; , consisting chiefly of a diary and correspondence of John Mackintosh , . Mr . J ^ ackintoshYwas born io 1822 , and died in 1851- He appears to have been a successful pupil at the New Academy , in . Edinburgh . He then passed some time at Glasgow , where he resolved to ,, become a minister in the establishment . ; In 1841 he is at Cambridge , where- he studies with extraordinary zeal , but does hot graduate , ; Finally he joins the Free Church movement ; , but is prevented by ill health from takingorders * . T , he letter portion , of , his life was spent on the Continent , and it is of this period that his biographer chiefl / jr treats . The book is of little interest except as a records of spiritual experiences ^ and to the personal fr ^ eiids , of Jphn , Mackintosh ., A . pd atill the continental letters are always ir 4 sijructiye and sometimes amusing . At all events , they are written by a gentleman and a

    scholar-Sfr William . jVJleokett , Chief Justice of Victoria , gives us the result of a summer ' s holiday on the Continent . Disgusted with the so-called summer of jEngUndl during > tk , e months of June and July , 1853 , he left London about the middle of August , determined t , o enjoy himself in a . three months' ramble , whithersoever his fancy might take him , keeping always briskly on the nvyye . Sir William took no notes , and writes , from memory . Out of Harness is a , lively , sketchy , little book , of travels : the author does not aim at doing more than convoying an idea of his own impressions and feel " ings , It , is certainly a great satiafacfcion to gallop through a groat part of the , Contmen , t } in : a lxundred > pages , without being bored to death with historical and antiquarian discussions . In a word , if a man is worthlistening to weare ghd , to learn what he saw and learnt , — -if we want to read , history , wo can . consult the proper authorities . As a specimen of the author ' s style , we quote a piece of practical advice , with which the book concludes : —

    ** I have ft wnrning to giyo ; however , which is not fonnd in Murray—don'b include In yowrbiirgulu with a . voituricr , your expunsea of living on tUo roatl . If suvos you money , certainly , but your Jiccommodation ana fivro aro ao difloront from what they uro whon you , ana not tho voiturior , two . the paymusttsr , that fo \ v who have triwlit onco would repent tlio oxporimont , I spouk particularly of Italy j suoh Hgroomonts iiulood nro ( ioldoin mudo in Switzerland . At Cisternn , our lirab aaya journey Trom Rome , on the Naples rond , owr dinner was so moagro , nnd tho attention so roluctant , that I sent lor tho innkeeper , and asked him to toll mo candidly if wo wore boiugTirouttid in this way boonuHQ ho was paid by Um voiturier . Ho admitted that it was ho , excusing hiinsolf on tho ground of tho low prioo pal < 3 him , of which ho told us the amount , bogging , however , wo would any nothing on tho subject to tho voiturior . Wo found that it wija lordly ono-third of tho sum wo had paid to tho latter , « nd cortainly won not enough for justioo to tho trnvollor and pro « t to tho innkeepor . I must nay , however , that wo hiul at Oiatorniv tho dMiulvnntngo of a cardinal and tho P 08 songot-sof a diligon « o dining at tho aamo tiino ; but Htill tho piclcingn of ovon n oarainaVa repuut Arc not aUo ^ othiT plonsnnt , and upon thin occasion did not uppour to bo Tory 'ctj (> ice for we hud n ptrong wuspioion that one of the disljqa vviib bnffulo , a « napicion that becufrto confirntod . when tho next day wb passed largo horda of tlioso animals in tho Pontino mftr ohoa . . 'To make sure of a docent meal in futrtro , we mado a private arrangement with Uio . & oteltKtfpeh , in 40 pondo « tly , oif tho p » m paid him by tho voiturior .

    " To those who may be contemplating a similar tour to that which has been described in these pages , it may mot be uninteresting to know , without going into detail , something of the expense . Our party consisted of five adults , and from the period of our leaving London , on the 18 th of August , until our return on the 15 th of November , our expenses , including every item—sight-seeing , carriages , theatres , guides , &c . &a .- —did not average more than 15 s . per head per diem . Had we made a longer stav at the places where wo stopped , the average would have been materially less ; but when it is considered that we were not more than one month out of the three stationary , and that we travelled during the other two , a distance altogether , oix going and returning , of nvarly four thousand miles , it cannot be said that travelling on the continent is very costly . A similar excursion could not h * ve been made in England for double the sum . "

    Mac Dermotfs History of Rorpc is intended for the use of the more advanced classes in schools , and for such teachers as have not had opportunity to examine the researches of modern writers on Roman . History . ~ It embraces the whole period from the earliest times to the death of Vespasian , and sums up very concisely the results of the original investigations of Niebur and the other writers who may be said to have created the history of the Roman Republic . The rise and ; fall of Rome is the most striking episode in the history of humanity . The early legends will never lose their attraction , and Englishmen can never fail to study with filial interest the laws which they have to a great extent inherited . Always , therefore , we give a hearty welcome to any one who attempts to popularise the subject .

    To all who wish to learn how Rome advanced to universal empire , and yet are unable to master the more elaborate works pf Niebur and Arnold , Mr . Mac Dermott ' s book will be a . valviable acquisition . : The other books on our table are chiefly rcpublications . From Mr . Hodgson , flie have two sea novels by Fenimore Cooper , ; which need no recom > menclatiou . In addition to The Shady Side , published at Is ., Messrs . Constable are re-issuing Dt . Chalmer ' s works . From Lone / mans , wei have another number of' Macaulay ' s ^ Essays , and the wel ^^ nio / iisniy reprintejd . from the ^ last tidiixkUrgli . Three new poets have also appeared , but tb ^ se , togetlier with a new edition of Pops , hy D * % Ctoly ^ we must reserve for future criticism . :

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    \ ¦/ . ¦ . ' . :.. '¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ . '; -a Russian-pamphlet . * . v . .- . .. ¦ - ¦ ; ' .: ¦ ., : , ; ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦¦ - . ¦' ,. ¦; . ; ; ' . - •;¦ ;¦ ' ¦¦ ¦/ : ¦ i r ' ¦ ¦ : ¦ ¦ ; : ' A ^ ' ' ¦ ¦' : ¦ - ¦' ¦!¦' ¦ ¦ :: ¦¦ ¦; . ¦ - ¦ : . - ,. .. ; ¦ - ¦ ' . . ' ¦¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ [;\ Ve repeat the caution that throughout these Articles it is-the " Inhabitant of Goatinental Europe" who speaks . We dobiit report . ] To explain ,, if not to justify , the personal policy of the Emperbr of the . French , consideratiQiis are alleged which we think quite beneath , his character . We have heardf , it is true , of a , wa . r between Sweden and Poland , occasioned by the omission of a third etc * to the royal titles , but history explains how this question of . etiquette was put forward to mask certain interests of a less avowable nature at issue between : the two States . Are we to ereditithe supposition accredited in some circles in France , aiad elsewhere , that this Eastern Question has been taken up so warmly for the sake of provoking an European crisis , to reault in the completion of the Empire bv th « restoration of its ** natural frontiers ? " Are the treaties of . ' 18 L 5 to

    have their Second of December . ? After all , the . idea would not be new . It was announced in the Chamber in 1840 . The talk then was of re-conquerihg the Rhine , TBelgium , and Piedniont , revolutionising Italy , ' &c . The talk now is of counterbalancing the Colossus that menaces Europe with an irruption of barbarians—a milder pretext for aggression . We hear whispers of offering Poland to Prussia , ia exchange for her Rhenish provinces to ; the Germania Confederation , ISchleiswig Holstein made into a kingdom , for the family of King Leopold ; to Denmark , Norway ; to Sweden , Finland ; to the King of Sardinia ,, Italy ] to Austria ^ tho whole course of the Danube . England having nothing to give up on the continent , would receive in consideration of he-p self-denying assistance , Egypt , and a rock or two in the Black Sea , and the , Baltic to complete her commercial system for the benefit of the human race . We have every reason to think she -would be satis- ^ fied \ vith this conxpengatioa . The Sultan , to whom is the honour of having

    provoked the coallict , would not be lost sight of in the distribution : in exchange for Egypt and the Danube , he would take the Crimea and the coasts of the Black Sea . and the sea of Azof , which formerly belonged to tho Porlje , and which the last half-century has increased in value a hundredfold . Georgia , and tho Caucasus too , would be restored to the Sultan , to satisfy the necessities wq have already mentioned . No doubt it was the thought of this combination that made a British minister say , that " the position of Russia was desperate "—a corollary of the bacchanalian inspirations of certain banquets , and of the engagements contracted by Admiral Napier , which that admiral afterwards hastened to correct , out of pure modesty . Whoa wo compare modern English statesmen with Pitt and Chatham , and modern admirals with Nebon and Hotham , wo perceive a great moral decadence under tho proud material prosperity ot ot

    ^ UlctJ ^ ngiantt . X we believe these statesmen bettor than their speeches . Their . oratorical weakness only proves the total absence of convictions : real cloqu < jn , co is impossible without sinoorit . y . Let us , therefore , consider the bravado of the Ministerial speeches iu Parliament and after dinner as a forcible appeal to tho—taxpayers . But will the Ministers who have provoked this war live to sec its issuo , or to be called to account for the mingled perfidy and rashness of their declarations ? Why , not even Napoleon himself , with all tho prestige ^ of his victories , and when tho earth trembled under the tramp of his legions , over fulminated suoh threats . Russia , not yet conquered , is condemned , forsooth , to renounce all her conquests cemented b

    y a century and a half of civilisation— condemned too to indemnify the costs of tho war . What are tho exploits , wo would ask , of British arms , which give the Ministers of the Crown authority to decide in this summary fashion the destinies of a great empire . Forty years have olapsod since Waterloo , the apogee of British prow « ss . Nor lot it bo forgotten , that that viofcory , the climax of incalculable oflbrta , and of sacrifices which will long weigh on England , was not duo to England alone . Did not Wellington himself tell liluohor on the field of battle that the victory was his f And tho Dutch a / td Belgian blood ohed ia streams upon that plain—is that forgotten ? Doob England arrogate to herself silono tho glory of having reduced the giant of his epoch to his last great stake 1 * Sinoo that

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    * La Guorro d'Oriont . Sen Onuses ot aos OonudquonBua . 1 ' ar Un Habitant do VEwope Conl % ntr \ tale , Bruxollos , 1864 .

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    $ 32 ^ 'HE L EAD K R [ Satujiday , I . e . 1 ' , . ¦ ' ¦ l :- ' i : ¦ '

• Citation
  • Leader (1850-1860), Sept. 2, 1854, page 832, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2054/page/16/