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    wasfltriving- after a modification of it , in the shape of a sorcalled ' doctrine of Identity , ' which should refer all to one absolute existence , involving both the' me * and the' not-me . What Fichte was striving after , it was left for ScffELLfiNS to set forth in a completed manner . Abandpning the Ich as the starting-point in philosophy , Schelxjng avowed that Philosophy must commence with the assumption of one absolute all-filling Being or Mind , known by intellectual intuition . Philosophy is the knowledge of the action of this absolute . The whole ' rhythm of tile Universe * consists of three

    movements or ' Potences' of this Absolute . 3 ? irst , there is the ' Potence of Reflection , ' or the movement of the Absolute rushing forth and embodying itself in the Finite . The result of this movement is ^ Nature , and the study of it is Natural Philosophy . Then there is the 'Poteace of Subsumption , * or the struggling of the Absolute , as embodied in the Finite , to return or ebb back into the Infinite . The result of this subsumptive or regressive movement is mind , as existing in man ; and the study of it is the Philosophy of Mind . Lastly , there is the Potence of Indifference , or Reason , in which the two former movements blend together and balance each other .

    The maia . notion , it will be seen , here , is that of the identification of the objective and subjective in one Being—Nature being simply this Being in a state , if we may so phrase it , of cutnish ; and mind being simply the same Being in a state of dqckfloiv . With this notion in the centre of his speculatidXL ' Sj SciiEriLiNG was supposed to have solved a problem which was perplexing all Germariy 5 and for' a time -he . 1 gave .-. relief . But Hegel , Schoelung ' s earl y Mend , with a head as hard as granite , came forth into the middle of aU this pleasant rhythm ; Schellingismwas blown away ¦; and Hegelianism has since ruled ia its steady Latterly , we believe , ScHEtiiNiG was cbgitatinga kind ofneq-Schellingism , capable of standin g its ground even in the Hegelian atmosphere ; but now ; 1 )^ that final exercise of the potence of

    subsumptidn , which we must all undergo , the white-haired old inan has been taken back into the bosom , the . great Seyn itself , and knowing it better , he will speak about it no more . There is : something torching in the going out of such a spirit frona among the living . His " potences , " and his " ichsy 1 his . " objectives , " his " subjectives ^ ' and the like—all this it is very proper , b ~ f course , at so important a crisis as the present , when we are expecting news from Sebastopol , and the Radical Party in Parliament is in such a sb . oc . king state of disorganisation , to laugh at and set aside sad jargon that , is it not , about the" rhythm of the iiniverse ? " Peace , ye profane ! There is a

    higher and a lower jargon ; yours is the lower ; and would to trod we had some more of the higher in Great Britain ! It is well now and then , in our closely paclfed state , ; where we breathe each . others breaths till we are sick , < to have a . blast of wind from the hills , or aven from the icebergs ; and we could well spare ten members of Parliament , and sixty parsons , now and then , if the stuff could be sent us back worked up into one metaphysician , such as ScHELtiNG . Our notion as to the futility of metaphysical philosophy need not be expatiated on now : but all honour to the metaphysicians ^ dead and gone , who were great intellects —if great intellects wasted .

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    Fraser , this month , is various and delightful : it is as good a number of a magazine as we have seen for a long time . There is an interesting political article on . ' The Session and the Ministry , ' : very liberal in parts , but containing a defence of Lord Abekdeen , which will not be very popular . There are no fewer than three articles of information in relation to the war—one entitled ' Etchings on the Euxine , another , ' Phases of War in St . Petersburg , ' anxl the third , ' The Garrisons of the Crimea . ' In t , hetwo last , Fraser keeps up the reputation it has acquired for accurate military knowledge of Russia , and . ability to rectify the mistak « s of ' Our own Correspondent . ' There are also in the number two poems , and there is a continuation of the

    current novel , ' General Bounce . ' There is , moreover , a Natural Histoxy paper , as usual , the ; subjec . t being ? thp Gre *\ t Bustard ; ' and there is a paper , statistical and . reforming , on ' tjje Mercantile Marine . ' Subtracting theao nine articl es , there still remain four of more than ordinary interest—a jocose series of hints to young barristers , entitled * How to get on at the Bar , ; ' amusing and yet earnest paper entitled * T . he ' Church among the Tall ChimnoyV" describing the stato of the Church of England in the manufacturing dfctricts ; a sketch of 'IJafiz , the Persian Poet , ' in whjch the genius of the poet is described , a specimen of his poetry given , and a higher ; , place claimed for him than that of the ' Eastern Anacreon ; ' and tho beginning of a curious papor called 'A Handful of Italian Patois Books , ' illustrating Hie Pjedmontese and Gonooeo dialects . Tho following is from the article on Hafiz : —>

    • < Hafia has been only pnrtmlly represented by tlio odc 8 which have boon usually selected for tw / jejution into . English ; Jhia Anacreontic © 4 os < if wo mny apply t |» ia torm to that class which to tlio outer oar do certainly soom to wing of tho wine and tho rose , and nothing boyond ) are by no moans tho bcBt apcoimons of his muso ; they nro gonqmlly lively am vigorous , hut they seldom diaplny any deeper veins of feeling : nor , indeed , would auoh outbursts h « yo harmonised with the general ton * of tlio rest of tlio ock But in ft larco proportion of his pooina , HnuV gonins assumes n totally difl ' oront phaao : « nd those eooin to bib to 1 )« vq been generally , noglcctod , although in ip « ny resnoota of fur htelior interest to the unghah render . In tlieso is no longer hoard tho volco of tlio joyous reveller under his bowor ot rosoa , but « tho voioo of weoping and of loud lurnont , ' nnd tho outpourings of tho soul ' s deep wtfrpws and aspirations , ns it mourns for tho heaven tlint it him lost t—

    " Te « , r # , idjo tours , I know nob what they mean } Tears from tlio depth of eoino dlvina acspuu " . " Hero v / o havo Jloftas" genius in its full vigour 1 bold motupliors meet us at every tumi « n « 'itppneinonod'ejtpr « flaloijs which condense into a . word what nn inftwoip writer would have t ^ rcr wtft f ^ < W } j , » M m ny of h \» images ar « 09 ivtyjd »« 4 origfaaHlwa they at once arrest tl > p roftdor , ^ attflntion . '

    " What , for instance , can be more vigorous than such a couplet as the following ? " On e-very side is an ambush laid by the rolber-troops of Circumstance , Henee it is that the horseman of Life urges on his coarser at headlong speed ! " Who does not see the solitary horseman harrying at full gallop across the desert ; and who does not feel the bold imagination of the poet , which ca , n compare this to our life , as it rushes on between the unknown possibilities which haunt it on every side J " The article on the ' Church among the Tall Chimneys' contains some rather good anecdotes , of which here is one : — " Our memory , though stretching to the very horizon of childhood , vividly summons up the image of our parish , minister some thirty years ago . A fine old portly farmer-like man he was , in a carroty scratch wig of peculiar cut , a coat of black , fast fading into invisible green , drab inexpressibles , worsted stockings , and ponderous shoes . Agriculture was his nobby . ' A better farmer ne ' er brushed dew from lawn . ' He prided himself far more on his pigs than his preaching ; he was a readier judge of his calves tban his catechism ; he

    dreaded the potato-rot more than the Pope ; he was more cautious against distemper in his cattle than dissent in his parish . He preached Tillotson abridged , and he cared not who k ; ne \ v it ; he clipped and . doctored Blair , . and was not at all discomposed if he saw an old lady here aiid there in tortoise-shell spectacles following him assiduously from the printed book . One Sunday morning before the service began , we remember , he was warmly discussing with a brother farmer the ' comparative prices wlu ' eli they had obtained for their cheese at tlie fair on the previous day . To his great chagrin , his parishioner had beaten him by a few shillings in the hundred-weight . Through the service he went as usual , perhaps a trifle more reflqetive ; his fifteen minutes' sermoahe despatched in twelve . The congregation were moving pensively away , when , the old gentleman leaned over the pulpit as if pregnant with important truth—big with the fate of markets and of cheese—and beckoning the farmer , said in an audible ' whisper , and with a wink of ¦ triumph .: — ' Ay , but John—look here ^—mine were only blue-milks , Joliu!—ha ! ha ! only blue-milks !'"

    The writer of the article goes on to describe the existing Church clergy in the large towns , and is very humorous on the ' Ilittites' and the ' Hrvites , ' as they are called ^ i . e ., the Irish curates , and curates froin S , t . JJees College , wild abound there . The Tegular Oxiord or Cambridge man is also describee ! . The writer is anxious that there should be more clergjmen , better paid , and better selectedj in these districts . The articl 0 will command attention .

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    NICOLINI'S HISTORY OF THE JESUITS . ' NiColinVs History oj \ tfie Jesuits . : ¦ Bohn . The history of the Jesuits lias never been written , and M . Nicolini does not pretend to have accomplislhed a task frorn which Gibbon might have flinched . Open out the libraries of Europe , devote a lifetime to the collection of materials , combine , the qualities of historian , casuist , and divine ,-7-and yet , if you cannot wringtheir'secretsfrom , kings and nainisters , who lie in dust , if youcanpLOt learn the story of noble faini . li . 0 S , who have perished in their pride , —in a word , if you are 1 ignorant of what is buried in eternal silence , you can never write the , history bf the Society of Jesus . 'The Jesuits -are like- figures that flit before us in dreams . An all-pervading mystery encircles them . ProtestaTit children are taught to hold tliem in dread and aversiptu Jesuitism is synonymous with cunning , craft , and intrigjae , not less than with genius and talent . A . ccording to the common theory their name is Legion . No one lenows

    where ttiey are- They meet you in all manner of disguises . Their object is to enslave mankind , and , devil-like , they go about , seeking whom they may devour . For all you know , your clergyman is a Jesuit ; Mr . Gladstone , it is well ascertained , is a lay brother of the Society ; the servant who stands behind jour chair ; the tailor who makes your coat ; the soldier who fights your ba * tles---one and all , according to ' the orthodox belief , bplong to a society whose ramifications are intermixed with the whole social system . Who does not know the portrait of the Jesuit ? lie is the Mophistopheles of I'eligionists . His intellect is keen and compreliensive . He is a master of the hunaan heart . By means of a hidden machinery , whieli encirclus earth , all secrets are his . He is wilyand insidious , polished and courteous ; ab home alike in the cottage and the palace ; he can talk royally to kings and sitAvith the peasant at bis humble repast—he is thelox ' d of circumstanoes , the servant only of his order .

    The other day , some one wrote a novel called The Confessor , a Jesuit Tale of ( he Times . In the preface we are told , that , " unhappily for our once-favoured country , the arts and wiles of the Jesuits are spreading throughout all ranks of society ; and from time to time some case finds its way into the newspapers , and proves to us what is secretly going on all the while , wherever tlie Jesuits , are at work . " As we are all about to be overtaken by a Jesuit consph'acy , from which no earthly power can rescue us , it is a very proper time to inquire into the history of our foemen . Of all tho people who join in tho h ubbub against tho Jesuits , how many know their history P The truth is , that tho popular notion of the Jesuits is derived from a very few and very -well known- books , filled with extracts from Jesuit writings . And very shocking , as M . Nicolini shows , this

    Jesuit morality apposu's . But can it be boliov-ed for one moment tlia * the men who governed Kurope and taught its youth for centuries , winning thereby the unwilling admiration of Francis Bucon , were tho disgraceful villains whom their enemies love to psviut ? It suited Pluto and Xeuophon to revile tho Sophists , but later inquiries have proved that the so-called corrupters of Grecian youths conferred immortal benefits on them , and through theni on us , who inherit tlncir civilisation . Plato succeeded , for nearly fourteen centuries , in heaping calumny on his rivals . But tho learning and good sense of later times have cleared tho Sophists , without dimming the fame of Plato . Again , who has not been taught to shudder at tho name of Muehiavelli ? who is not thankful that tho uroMest master of statecraft has

    found a man of genius to say a word in his defence ? A priori , thoroforo , let no man . condemn tho Jesuits . Granting all that can bo said against thorn , granting that they woro ambitious ami tyrannical , that they aimoil at universal dominion , and shrunk from no moans so long as fchoy attained their objoct , it is impossible to overlook their movits , or to deny that , iu times of darkness and superstition , they conferred ot . ernal benefit *) on humanity . Heaven forbid Mult they hIloukI rule again in England ; but does any one acrioualy believe in tho possibility of such a oatustropho ? They ruled in days gone , bye , booauso tho possession of superior wisdom oowferrod authority a , nd po > vor . Their despotism was logjitiuuite . Tho caeo in ultorod now . Tho nation ' s heart is freed from shackles , and can never bo enslaved . At the Biego of Pampelunji , in tho year 1521 , a Spanish soldier , oallml Tgnatiu . 8 Jkoyola , w « s dfcubled , in both Iocs by i \ severe wound . Ho w « s of a

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    M 9 THE LEADER . [ Saturday ,

• Citation
  • Leader (1850-1860), Sept. 2, 1854, page 830, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2054/page/14/