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    Hwnf fk ^a

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    Untitled Article

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    fT'HE Eastern question has been presented to . 1 the Czar in such , a form as to invite his immediate choice , either of settling the matter on peaceable terms , or of going forward . There is indeed , as usual , a middle course , that of delaying the decision by renewed negotiations ; but it must be doubtful both whether the simplicity of the European Powers can be carried to such an extent as to permit that new " dodge , " or whether the impatience of the Emperor would suffer him to recommence delays . Indeed , the movement of armies on the Danube forbids the supposition that a dilatory course would any longor answer

    the purpose of either side . Some little explanation is still necessary to \ mderstand the position to which the affair has arrived . The Note of Count Nesselrode , showing that Russia put upon the Vienna Note the same interpretation as the Porto , and considered it identical with the demands of Prince Menschi-Icoff , had not readied Constantinople when the Sultan summoned his Grand Council . Tho representatives of the Four Powers were at that time still engaged in urging upon him the acceptance of this Note , with the supplemental explanation of the Four Powers . Tho Sultan does

    not appear to have been averse from that arrangement ; but the Grand Council thought it necessary to recommend a formal declaration of war . This is explained , wo observe , as being a form due to tho feelings-of tho Mussulman population , and to the dignity of tho Sultan ; but it was more probably dictated by the genuino anxiety of the Porto to obtain a " material guarantee " for that evacuation of tho Principalities which was not . stipulated in the Vienna Note , and which formed so important a part of tho Turkish

    reply . Still , however , the Sultan remained in thorough accord with tho . TopresontaUvOH of the Four iWers . Lord Stratford do 'Hedclille appears to have foreseen tho . next atago of tho Jillair , and honoo , probably , his somewhat separate position . Tho ' roBulfc of tjho resolution adopted by the Divan , v $ on the recommendation of the Grand Con ^ od * w , f ^ . eoWinnnicated to Prince Gortchalcoif ; with the explanation , however , that if ho required instructions . , from St . PeterHburg , fifteen days would be allowed before tho commencement of actual hostilities . The

    " Eastern question , " therefore , will now be put to tlie Emperor of Itussii&by Prince GortcliakofH His reply may be antieijij |§ ed , from the fact that he lias appointed Prnice ^ iJkEenschikoif " to superintend" the government of the Principalities— - ¦ a new step in the Emssian «» deavour to establish a permanent position ih tM S ^ nrkish . territory on the left bank of the Danube .

    The position of our own Government was explained by Mr . Gladstone in tkat portion of his speech at Manchester which possesses the most public interest . Ministers , he said , would abstain at all possible sacrifice from war ; and he gave a description of tlie horrors of Avar -which might ; satisfy Mr . ' Cobden hhnaelf . Hoping that the matter might be settled by negotiation , Ministers would , endeavour to arrive at a

    settlement by that path ; andhcre he made an admission of the delay , Intrigue , and chicane of such negotiations , which we must confess perfectly to satisfy ourselves . Nevertheless , considering that war deprives nations of their subsistence , and interrupts the progress . of industry * MimatettB would persevere in negotiations as long as possible . They dLd not strive to maintain the " integrity and independence" of tho Ottoman Empire , m against dangers resulting from the constitutional state of Turkey itself , or from mwrnxiMtoneea over which tlio combined Powers of Europe have no control for such a result tho British Ministers are

    not responsible . 13 ut Avhcn a great potontato endeavours to absorb a Power which would give him the supremacy of tho . continent , and which would be to a great extent accomplished by the overthrow of the Ottoman Empire , it is incumbent upon England to set horsolf against that result . If a settlement checking tho advance of Hurhjji cannot bo obtained , by negotiations , with honour ,

    then England will not win-ink from extremities , for which she is prepared by every condition , political , financial , and military . Such in Mr . Gladstone ' s . explanation ; and it perfectly accords with all tlmfc has been Btatod respecting the position of tlie Ifritink Qovernraont . For our own part , wo Hball not bo displeased . ; if the [ British Government should . be forced into a more »

    trenuoriH nnd positive course of fiction , rather thnn negotiation ;¦ boljovi ^ g , aijwo . do , that the longprot , racl ; cd peace } y < fa . 'ha ^ ip p \ yn evils , in in any respectH ^ iHomblin ' g tuoaq , ^ C pro traded war , and that ; n breaking o / Fof the f ^ l % reiationH o } ¥ Kuropo will help to place , the intei ^ tirae of nationn on a iuore piucero footing . Tltij , choice , however , no

    longer depends upon our own Ministers , but upon the Emperor of Russia ; and his most probable election , we thirdr , will be to go forward . Should lie do so , our Ministers are correct in saying that they are prepared . The aggregate income of this country , as indicated by the trade returns , the revenue returns , the income-tax returns , the rate of wages , and , indeed , by evciy fiscal index , exceeds that wliich we have possessed in any former period of our history ;

    one reason being that our trade , in manufactures and exchange , now rests upon a broader base of production in foreign countries as well as our own , than ever , it has rested upon at any former period . That the credit of the Government is of the highest kind , is proved by the fact that , notwithstanding probabilities now verging on the actual outbreak of war , the funds , although reported to be "fluctuating and agitated , " Remain abovo 92 , and nearly two per cent , above that rate to which they were forced down a few weeks back by causes and operations

    within the Stock . Exchange itself . Thus wo have more ' moans ' than ever wo possessed before , at the same time that ; we are not likely to be called upon for any such outlay ns wo incurred during the last war . This subject , however , we have discussed in a soparate paper . It is announced that six regiments in Ireland have boon placed under orders for tho Mediterranean ; a report which somewhat corroborates tho statement that England and France are to supply auxiliaries to Turkey—England to tho extent of 10 , 000 men , Franco 30 , 000 . It hcoiiis to be the fact that the allied fleet has been ordered to tho . Dardanelles ; and it is not probable that that lleet would remain idle in tho event ; of actual hostilities . On the contrary , the commanders of the crazy Iliia « ian gun boxes in the Black : Sea may bo called upon to give an account , of llio tubs in their charge ; arid since . Russia ban threatened those Powers which interfered between ' her and Turkey , it will probably bocomo necessary to meet Russia elsewhere ; which we are quite ' prepared to do .

    Tho report that ; a Persian ; army , officered by [ Russians , bad occupied Herat , coupled with tho uncertainty of the hollow / , peace in Burmah , and the doubtful paeificationof other border territories in India , , would ^ so&uj to threaten a diversion in <; bo . Far . Kant , io j ' neilitaio lliif-man designs in . Europe . We shall neveiyefleefcujilly atop [ Russia until wo deal with her in the Baltic as well aa tho

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    VOL . rc Fp . lSiy - \' : ' ^ i ^ mm ^^ OGJOBEE 15 , I 853 . [ Pmce Sixpence .

    , '- : : - ; :- ¦ . ¦ ,• • ' - ' . ' ¦ . ' ¦ - :':'R - •: ) ' - ¦ "¦ ./¦ • -V"-/ Contents .

    , ' - : - ; :- . ¦ , • ' - ' . ' ¦ . ' ¦ - : ' : ' r - : ) ' - ¦ "¦ . /¦ -V " - / Contents .

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    ^ a ^ rf ^ ur hibi ' rwinsiHpfi of Justice .... 993 A Hero m the Cause of Health Has * PORTFOLIONEWS Of THE WE £ K- ^ gSSfiS ^ S ^ Z : "" .:: [ 993 New Society of Reformers . 999 Letters of % VaffaboHd , 1063 The English People ancl the Eastern . - ¦ : ... s SSraSSS *^ '" : : ;; :: . ' . ivI 993 " OPEN pOUNQIU ^ THE ARTS ^ Question ^ . „ :,,........:................. 9 S 0 ¦ .: _ . . _ y . _ . _ . - ¦ ¦ •• v . _ The Jlortoonites and their Perse- . / The .. IM > cardedSon 1004 The Peacfe Conference ................ ; 987 PUBLIC AFFAIUS— cutors .. . . ' . 999 "A Midsummer Night's Dream" at Gladstone in Cottonopohs - . Kg ¦ Thp System of Fe » tT Years . 994 National Historic Statues ' . „ ..... ' .. ¦ .. 1000 , Sadler ' s Wells .. 1005 Letters from Pans . 989 SeUolsMOTSSk "' 7 995 The Greek Empire Meeting at Cros- Contmeng Notes ...... | S 9 ^ . ^ Sfe ^^^ y ^ A by Hall ...... * ° .... 1000 Health of London during the Week 1005 OurSean ^ n ui the ' NQrthern ' sijas ... 900 The ffi-eeTc Euipir ? Sotion :.... ; ...... 996 LITERATURE- Births , Marna-es , and Deaths 1005 American Statesmanship ............... 991 ? Sff ^ fcoat and ^^^ t :: " :: 997 Books on our Table 1001 COMMERCIAL AFFAIRSOurSarr Condition 993 The Governing 0 Eawwp ^ - Na VI . Ruskin's Last Volume 1001 City Intelligence , Markets , Adver-TheWorkingClMses :::::: / .: / .:: ;' . ;' . ' 993 Lord Stratford do BedeBSe .- :- ^ 998 Hannahs Naval Sketches 1002 tisements , &c ... 10 US-1008

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    'VTb > or , P Idea wliicliSigtoW exhibits as evermore developing itself into greater distinctness is the Idea of Humanity—the noble ; ^ l ^^ slr ^ issltk ^ r ^ r ^ fe /^ o ^^^ of our spiritual natyxeS '—Humloldt ' s , Cosmos .

• Citation
  • Leader (1850-1860), Oct. 15, 1853, page unpag., in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2008/page/1/