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the river , a wooden bridge had "been previously erected there , % order of the Russian Government . Arrived at the foot of the bridge , and before bidding adieu to their native land ,, which many of them will , probably , never see agahvthesoldiers threw themselves , simultaneously , on their knees ' , and , in a short but ardent prayer , invoked ' the protection of the God of battles . Though , as I have already remarked , Schuleny is not more than twelve miles distant from Jassy , yet the Russians did not arrive in this city before six o clock in the evening ; the pbor fellows could scarcely move one foot beyond the other , so fatigued were they , from the forced marches which they had made , during thirtyfive consecutive , days , in . dry sultry weather . . . Moldavia
" The reception made them in the capital of was cold , though the Russian party , with Constantin Stourdza , Minister of the Interior , at their head , endeavoured to rouse public opinion in favour of the new comers . The efforts of the philo-Russians were vain , and , excepting three timid cheers , given by a few individuals , whom the friends of the Autocrat had placed at the barrier of Copeau , to salute the troops on their entry , not a single sign of approbation was shown by the population . It is an undeniable fact : the middle and lower classes of Moldavia do not like the Russians , but the Boyards do not appear , in . general , to . entertain the same feelings of ill-will towards their neighbours on the other side of the Pruth , at least they show few indications of it .
" The bridgeof Schuleny is principally reserved for the passage of the infantry , but another , built at Leova , a village situated lower down the river , about half way between Jassy and Galatz , is destined for the service of the cavalry and artillery . " The detachment which arrived here last Sunday evening was under the orders of General Danenberg , one of the Emperor Nicholas ' s aides-de-camp . This officer appears to be between fifty-five and sixty years of age ; his calm placid countenance indicates a man of humane and benevolent feelings . In 1848 , when the Russian army invaded Moldavia , he was commander of one of the divisions .
" The Russian Government appears to have taken all the precautions necessary to insure success in the campaign which its forces are about commencing against the Turks . The troops are all furnished , now , with excellent percussion muskets , and several regiments include each a certain number of sharp-shooters , who , on a moderate calculation , cannot amount to less than 400 men . The latter are armed with carabines and bayonets , somewhat like the arms used by the French Chasseurs d'Orleans , only the Russian carabines are heavier and shorter than the French onea . If the
bearers of those deadly weapons know how to use them properly , there is no doubt but they will make great havoc in the ranks of the Turks , who , it appears , have neglected introducing into their army this instrument of destruction . If I may , however , believe the Journal de Constantinople , arrived here a few days ago , the Ottoman Government is now trying , in . extremis , to form a body of 2000 sharp-shooters , to oppose to those of the Russians . The carabines with which the defenders of tho Crescent are to be armed have been manufactured in France .
" Sinco Sunday fresh troops pour , in here , each day , from Russia , via Schuleny ; last Tuesday the Commander-in-Chief of the army of occupation . General Prince GortschnkoflT , also arrived here , from Russia , having passed the Pruth at Schuleny , Tho hospodar , Gregory Ghika , sent his state-carriage to meet the general , but tho latter refused the uifer , and entered tho town sans ceremonie , in his old travelling-coach . Prince Gortschakoff is about aeventy yearn of age ; he appears to be in high spirits , and , if I may judge him from the impression ho produced upon me , 1 must pronounce him to bo a man of resolution and strong intellectual power . A fow hours after liia arrival hero the hospodar made him a visit , which ho returned , in tho evening of tho Hiuno day .
" It is rumourod here that Omor Pacha , with a considerable body of troops , has passed the Danube , and is inarching to meet tho Russians , before the latter got possession of Bucharest . It in difficult to know how fur this report may bo true , because tho Russian and Moldavian authorities lel > nobody into tho Heorot of tho despatches , which they daily receive from Galntz and tho southern districts . It is , however , evident that Nicholas ' s generals fear that tho Turks will make hoido
attempts on Wnllnchin , if they have not already dono so , for tho Russian troops arc hurried on towards tho Houth , as fust aH they arrive at Jassy . " Ycfltordny , boing tho Emperor of Ruhhui ' h birthday , waH celebrated hero with great pomp . In tho morning tho cannon roared , and , at noon , a To Damn was nn \ i \ r in tho Church of St . Spiridion , in tho presence of General Princo Gortsehakoff and liia stud ' , of tho hoapodur , and tho civil nnd military authorities of tho
princmalitv The consuls of Austria , Prussia , and Greece ^ dressed in their rich uniforms , attended the , ceremony ^ H . Castaing , genmt of the French / W ^^ . ^ present , in his official character , ; but Mr . S . Gardiner , the English consul , had the good sense to abstain ; from appearing at St . Spiridion ' s , arid his conduct elicited , public approbatioii , whilst that of the representative of France excited general astonishment and pity . ^ ¦ ¦ - " Yesterday evening Jassy was partially illuminated ,
bufc the greater part of the Boyards' houses were enveloped in ¦ darkness visible , because the owners have jre-. tired into the country , in order to be as far as possible from the Russians , whom they dread . Men accustomed to regulate their conduct conformably to the impulsions of their vicious passions , as the Moldavian Boyards generally do , will ever shun the presence of those who personify the energetic authority , and the impartial severity , of a prince like the Emperor of Russia . of their
" Few people have ever given a greater proof servility than the Boyards . Though the Russians have not been here eight days , yet many a chin has already been stripped of its luxuriant beard , here the distinctive mark of a great man ; the Hospodar , himself , has given the signal of this general immolation . Long beards are prohibited in Russia , hence the prudent alteration which our Boyards have judged necessary to iriake in their appearance . _ ; " Just as I was going to close this letter , an employe of the Moldavian Government has assured me that the Russians had passed the Pruth , Friday last , the 1 st of the present month , at Leova , Kotoluisac , and Reni ; the two latter villages are situated lower down the river than Leova . Reni is in the immediate neighbourhood of Galatz .
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THE NEW TROOPS AT CHOBHAM . The new regiments at Chobham are behaving very well . The rain precluded any exercise in the early part of the week . On Tuesday the troops went through several manoeuvres on Long Down , at the eastern extremity of the heath . The operations were remarkable for several very splendid charges made by the cavalry . During one portion of the day the enemy were posted in considerable strength on the summit of a steep eminence , from which all previous attempts to dislodge them had been fruitless . The Horse Guards and the Scots Greys , however , advancing furiously up the hill , reached the top , and nearly rode down the jenemy , sabreing and dispersing them in every direction , to the great amusement of the spectators , and the no small alarm of the enemy , who , by the rapidity of their movements , evidently thought that , their adversaries were carrying matters beyond a joke . The really effective manner in which the whole of the cavalry manoeuvred on this , their first trial , and upon ground still wet from tho effects of the recent heavy rains , and unknown to the men , was matter of considerable
surprise to the field officers . On Wednesday the cavalry were again exercised . The plan laid down was , that tho enemy were to be driven from a strong position , partially repulsed , and , forming under cover of a thickly wooded plantation , they were to beat back the whole of the attacking forces . All was accomplished with facility and despatch . On Thursday a very interesting engagement took place . Tho whole of tho troops marched over the Queen ' B bridge , on tho extreme right of tho camp , the enemy being posted behind a hill close to Colonel
Challoncr ' s , plantation . Tho 4 th Light Dragoons first crossed tho bridge and attempted to dislodge tho cnomy , but failing in tboir attempt , retired to tho rear , covered by a battery of the Royal Artillery . In tho meantime the other portions of the divisional army had crossed tho bridge and formed up under shelter of tho range of hilla opposite the oncampment . After a short halt , and having thrown out their skirmishers , tho army proceeded by regiments to attack tho enemy , who finally retired into the shelter afforded by Colonel Challoner's plantation , where " bush fighting" was enrried on for somo time between tho enemy and tho light companies . Tho onemy , however , ultimately succeeded in driving buck tho attacking forces , and
obtained u strong position on tho liilln , somewhat to tho loft ; of their first ground . ' ' Tho defoatod brigades , retiring beyond tho rango of tho onomy ' o guns , and covered by Hoveral field butteries , proceeded to re-form in line . While thus engaged , tho cavalry , which had formed in two linos ; tho light cavalry in tho foremost and tho heavy cavalry in tho rearmost , njndo Kovornl attacks on tho enemy . Aa tho 4 th Light Dragoons and 8 th Hussars woro scon galloping up , tlio enemy rapidly threw themselves into squares , and as soon as the cavalry had approached within rango they wbro nalulod with a woll-dolivorod volley from each miniature square , from which thoy retired by " Hircou" from tho right of Bquadronn * and formed in rear of tho
infantry , who wei * by this time tfrawn , upjnjiree splendid lines . The brigade of Guards was m tyfc On the right ; Sir B ; England ' s brigade , thrown , bacjL on the left , and behind it the brigade of Colonel Lockyer , while crowning the heights oh the rear were three field batteries , one field battery on the extreme left , and the Horse Artillery on the right flank of the Guards . The undulating nature , of the ground , made this disposition of the forces an exceedingly strong one , while its appearance was remarkably fine . In order to meet this threatened assault , the enemy extended ^ fcheir line to an equal distance with that of the opposing forces , and commenced firing with surprising vigour . With this pressure the troops slowly retreated , covered
by their artillery . . _ . . The health of the troops is very good . T ) urmg five consecutive weeks no death occurred , : This ^ is a remarkable circumstance in an encampment of 10 , 000 men . The hig hest number at any one time in the general hospital has been between seventy and eighty . At present there are not more than forty , and among these there is not one serious case of illness The average number of sick is about one in ninety-five of the whole camp . j
The popularity of the encampment among some branches of the army may be gathered from this feet , that no leas than nine men belonging to the 3 rd Dmgoons haye volunteered for it . Five of them have been received into the Scots Greys , and four into the 4 th Dragoon Guards . ' "' ¦¦ . ;;•' ¦
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THE CANTERBURY COLONISTS . The enterprise of founding Canterbury colony was chiefly entrusted to Mr . John Robert Godley . He had to prepare a new home for the young colonists , and to marshal them on their arrival . The task was one of difficulty / especially as he had to act on his own responsibility , all direction -b y the English officials being out of the question . The persons connected with the Canterbury Association consider that Mr . Godley discharged his duty very well ; and to testify this opinion , they gave him a dinner at Greenwich on Wednesday . The chief persons present were , Lord Wharncliffe ( chairman ) , Lord Monteagle , Lord Lyttelton , Sir John Pakington , Sir Horace SL Paul , Mr . Monsell , M . P ., Mr ., Augustus Stafford , Mr . Adderley , and Mr . Edward Wakefield . .
Mr . Godley spoke at great length and described the Canterbury settlement as prosperous and progressing . Its predent population is 3300 . The whole of its soil is admirably adapted for carrying stock . It contains five or six millions of acres available for pasturage , which , in the natural state , will carry , at a very low computation , two million sheep . The exports of the district during the ensuing year will not , be less than at the rate of 8 ^ . per head of the population . . After detailing the local and social progress of the colony—its public spirit , its educational and ecclesiastical institutions , the healthy climate of the country , and the liberal constitution now instituted , lie spoke with much animation on the
general colonial policy proper for this country : — " Tho one great fundamental maxim of sound colonial policy—ia to lot your colonies alone ; not chiefly bpcauao your interference will probably be of an injudicious kind in this or that particular matter—still less because it . will bo costly and troublesome- to yourselves—but because it tends to spoil , corrupt , and to degrade tfaom , ; bocauso they will never dp tinylljing , ofbo M for anything groat , bo long aa their chief political business ib to complain of you , to fight with jou , and to'lenn upon you ; so long as they consider you as responsible for their welfare , ana can look to you for assistance in Vheir diflicultieB . I protest quite as
much against subsidies And subscriptions as against vetos and reatraints ; indeed more , for tho poison ia more eubtjo and the chanco of resistance loss . I wunt you noithor to subsidize their treasuries , nor to support their clergy , nor to do fcheir police duty with . your soldiers , been use they ouglit to do thceo things for themselves , and by your doing it all , you contribute to making them oHeminato , degenerate , and holpless . Po not bo afraid to leave them to themselves ; throw them into tho water , and they will swim . Dopond upon ifc tho greatest boon you can bestow upon colonists is what Eurico calls ' a wise and saluiury neglect . ' To this rule tho Canterbury colony is no exception . II ; is fortunate for it that tho A swoeiation ' career
has been brief ns woll an effective ; now it must go alono . It ban boon called into existence , it lias boon given its opportunities , it has been started on its way ; henceforth it must work out its own dostjnies . Tho Canterbury Abbociution has dono its work and passed away . Its memory may bo unhonourftd , its mombcrn reviled ; thoy caro not ; they have dono their work-r-a great , and lioroio work ; thoy have raised to tlieineolves a noblo monument—thoy havo laid the foundations of a great and happy peop le " Other persons spoke . Lord Lyttelton alluded , not obtrusively , but emphatically , to tho Canterbury Absocintiou , and told what had beou done for tho colon ' mtn
" Tho colonists had given to them a survey as comp loto fts ovor was prcnon (; od to a colony ; and no colonist , sim'o the landing of tho first body , allowing for n fow exceptional cases , hud half a day to eeok for any ollico of tho Church h « desired to attondi or , from wa « ivrly period , «
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« u THE LEADER . CSA ^ W
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Leader (1850-1860), July 23, 1853, page 704, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1996/page/8/
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