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    prances even with France , in spite of longstand ing * ana , to . a certain e ? ctent , reasonable prejudice ^; we are losing our hold of Turkey , if We lo ^ e our political hold of that market ; we . are losing qutt ground in Germany , through political causes ; and what chance have we of Rearing 4 aw ^ restriction w Austria , or proltihitipn . $ R ussia . P The fact is , that instinctive ^ necessity has led the great powers cf the worjd jnto that action which we ourselves avoid only in Europe ; for of all the powers in the world which are not

    declining , JLugJand is the only one that abstain ? froin annexation ; and she abstains only in Em-ope , . . v . / :-: ¦ . ¦ ;¦ . . ; . .. V \ : , ,: ' : ; 7 ; .. The leading idea of the world is self-szipjictptih g ctnnexatioy , ; ami it holds good poth in , ipolitiqs and commerce . In Europe England is , by her position an . d convictions , the great antagonist ot Austrian and Russian ideas ; but we have left to them the activity of life , while we have , retained the passiyeness pf talk . They pursue in

    their own way the annexation which we . su # er , hy waiving it ourselves- France , indeed , l ^ as tried annexation , and not ( juite successfully ; Taut France attempts aane ^ ation by ideas , "Russia and Austria enforce annexation to the destruction pf commerce . . A new , policy is . still o / pen for pccupatipn ,- ^ &nn £ : ^ tipn with and hy , commerce . That , wpuld he in every re ^ p ^ ct the most truly self-supporting ^ niiexation ; and it may be car ^ riedout witliouipQUtical identification , hy a thorough alliance , withqut Tu ^ , &eytaking political , responsibilities . j . ;^ tan < JiBg-:-- ' upr . only by vmiM f \ wr * r \ ornn / init /^ n j - **^ ^ .. *^ X * 4- m « y % »\ rt »> f ¦ ^^ m /\ nTI f \ 11 / II vui Ud ut

    uv » u ow * uuc 4 yi A . ig . u . u , qtyJ / t > VJ ~ VW £ > u vc " principles , where they are alrejaply inainj ; ained jb > y iiatipiis needing assistance ^ ' In short , liy ma . king good English opinions and $ nglislv , interests wherever they : are in issue , we might ; progres sively carry on the work of annexing-State after JState . to the empire ^ of Eree trade , under' the arnied protection , of aHianpe forf ^ ee ^ om ., (? ivil , religious , and commercial . '; . ' .,. ,

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    TH ^ I RISH NATIONAL EDUCATION STSTTElM ; . . ' ¦ , . . m pa ^ ger . : < .

    and the instrument of political influence in the hands of an unscrupulous priesthood } to introduce a spirit of toleration ; to educate all without offending any ; to teach religion without infusing dogmas—these were ; some of the weightiest problems which were offered for i our solution It ia not too much to say that our efforts have been attended with remarkable success . Men of all parties , some who had predicted dismal failure , or looked with suspicion upon the attempt , have united in bearing testimony to the excellence of the system , and the good that has been accomplish e d . . ' !

    , At all events there had been for some time an end of controversy , and though in practice there may have been a greater separation between religion and secular education than is in harmony with the present state of public opinion in . England , we were . quite content to let well-alone , and place entire confidence , in a . Board which had tne benefit of the united wisdom of WhatoLy and Murray : It would appear , however , that tiio An « Aminm » lavished on Archbishop Murray were

    not without good foundation , for his removal by death was the signal for the fiwst outbreak ot disaffection from the party which his presence hod seemed to check . Another instance lias cpmo to light . Last week wo were informed that at a meeting of thp Commissioners , on t > no 17 th uU ., " a resolution w ^ s adopted ordering tl rromovnl froni . the Jisj ; p f schp ^ bppks , ^ the

    Lesions \ on thfi Evvfavw . tf Qhri ^ m ^ ,., ^ - lTshc 4 W themselves far muny ^ oai'S , and « Wftfpnqd % the Boarfl , , wl ^ o » , ^ cUpd * h o , fo tp AirhbisliPR Mi » W almost Wthocomm . PiMjoinont of tlio institution' ; Our rovers wil , > curious to Iparn tlip < foamtov . ot tho ti-cafcise whoso rejection | ms , boon dotorrawed on W a raaipW of the < fcWm « fuo » flJ « , ^ flHfe

    had been submitted to a careful revision under the , supervision of the I&pjnan Catholic and Protestant Commissioners , in * order to purge from it every a , rgujnen ; t or expression that could give , offence , or ^ tiat t phed upon the peculiar doctrines of any Christian chru-ch . '' The one objection to this valuable wprk in | he eyes , of 3 Pr , Cuuenand his , friends , who qpniprise the extreme sectipn of tb ^ e ultra-montane p& £ ty » ip * that it is written fry a l ^ rotestant Archbishop , JDr . "Wliately ' s food is poison to Paul Cullen . What

    Whately assents J * aul Oullen ya ? aa % A& $ y < " What Whately praises Paul Cullen must cpndemu . It is exactly in a case like , this that the peculiar spirit of ifce Eonnish church finds oppprtunities for development , tt is when the most | iberal advances have been made that she is mostanxious ; to parade her pigotry-rr when concession has I reached , its utmost limits , that she exhlipi ^ s l ^ er ] most arrogant intolerance , JLv , t Qasar ^ tfwt : fiihil , is her mottp , and she has abusejd th . e liberal cpnstitution of the Natipnal -Board py ^ aBng the her

    i ^ instrument ^ of own aggran ^ izien ^ nt . Jn Jier lajiest act pf aggressipn s | ie has receiye ^ i ? ftpQrtant assistaijce from the Presbyterian party . It is well known that the JJoard is unable tp pirqnQupfie any judgement on religiQus ^ uestions ^ tp e ^ ercis ( e any interiial , a , uthprity in : mattery of religipuseclucatiom .- '; , ' . 'Thl 6 : '' objec ' t 6 f . t ^ e . prpyi ^ i qn was ^ p prev en t th \ e s ^ btversion pf thp , aystem ^ y jjh © ir ^ trod ^ c tip ^ . of ^^ dispute , i ^ , cases where eyeyy one was predefernained to hpld by his own ppinipn . jBut Paul Ou ] len discovers in . this

    arrangement a means for th ^ e exaltation of his Own party at the expense of those who are tpo just , too weak , or top honest , to ipJloW "their pursui ^ pf ^ c ourse SQ upscrupuloi ^ s . The theory is as we h $ ye state 4 i ^ V Ttl ^ k ^ tpPaul 0 ullen a , nd hjs associates ,, the wor ^ mg . is a ? fpllpws : oftly let ; spme ? violent partisan make pbjectipns on re-Kgipus grounds to . some particular ; book , and be itis ppppsitipn false , frivolous ,-pr absurd , the Board is precluded , by the very terms pf its constitution , from refusing compliance with Jus demand . If the parent of pne child finds poison and

    heresy hi a book ,, which is read , with profit by all the other children in the school ,, there is no alternative , —the dooI ^ must be expunged from the list . liv this unwarrantable exercise of a privilege ,, which can only be entrusted with saijety to thp , ha n ^ s of moderate men , but which rajay , thus readilyj , be . turned into an instrument ; of lawless oppression , Paul Cullen has reqeived the support of the Presbyterian party Thp Banner of , Ulster thus expresses itself on tfre point at issue :- — "jt may be ridiculously untrue that the Scriptwre Lessons * pr that ArchtisKpp Whately ' s J £ victe ? ices , contain so much as An a sviinhlw flrfvorsft to the neculiar tenets of

    Roman Catholics : but still , the National Boar ( 3 disclaims all right of adjudicatipn in matters of th ^ s nature . ; and , in ppuit . pf faot , it is . legally precluded from attempting any , jurjsclictipn such as that ajlu . ( je ( l tp . " The pnly a ?) terfl . atiye was i \ ie f lisspliiition of thp systeni , or cpmpliance with ; the demand . So much the worse for those who ¦ liaye cpurtod the responsibijity of 4 isgustiqg all irnoderate men wi $ . a spefitapjp of priestly intpler ^ pce , and of leading them to condemn a system w hich may be abused for the purposes of odious tyranny *

    ,. This is no question between the advocates of religious and secular edjioation . In theory the extinction is acknowledged in Irehxnd , though in practice the Roman Catholics have contrived , in many instances , to get tho religious instruction entirely into their own hands , and to lord it proudly over a Prptostant minority . Wo aro not now discussing what might bo ; nor is it our business to start any theory of education . All this has been dono . Here is a system which has triumphed over gigantic difficulties , which worked admirably in tho hands of

    Murray , and whos o only fault is , that it leaves room ' for tho artful ounning of unscrupulous priests . It is most painful to believe that tho ( Jovornmont ia not fro , e from suspicion of complicity withi the ultra-montane party . If so , it will f ? o far towards establishing the charge brought against them by Lord Derby , of a desire to carry on the government of Ireland through thP priors ; anpLwp rpgrot to add , that the ftvusiye qhfpraptpr of Stir J ^ Young ' s reply to Mr . V falpple on , Tuesday evening , does not tend to , ^ oa lcon jl ^ e accusation pf the exTProniieit . Tho public will lpok with anxioty fpr a more satisfactory ojcplanation , qi * 4 an © xpjaufltion which will

    imply the conviction fprced upon us by recent events , th , at the , cause of Rome is the cause pf slavery ( and usurpation .

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    YOUNG TOBY JOURNALISM . It is soJine weeks since we had sent to us a pubftcatipn ^ rppruited , from the French , aijd entitled , M ^ i ^ in % j ^ d ^ ecL hy himself qnd hy Ms Countrymen . We oippea ixfiQ it , and found it such arrant trash that , with all our liking for ppporfunities to say a word about Mazzini , we could not bring ptirselyes 1 ; o notice it . Of the author , onei . - i ^ Tl Juies ^! e Br ^ yal , we had never Heard Vefore ; but we gathered from the ^ bppk itself that he was some small French litterateur , who had erot up the book , by way of speculation , after

    the Milan Insurrection , when Mazzini's name coufd ' probably ^ niiake / it sell . The performance , indeed , seemed like a literary yelp from spmebody ^ r > o ^ her in Paris for a crumb of Lpuis Napoleon ' s patronage . Our excellent young Tory contemporary , the jPress , has been more attentive to the book than we meant to be , and has made it the text for a little discussion on Mazzini and Italian politics . ^ The notice in the Tress opens thus : — -

    "It is no reprqach \ fi > this bad man ( BJazraini ) that he has fallen ^ into disgrace with men who , though legs wickedj are quite as dangerous a , ? himself . 'V The reviewer then goes on in the same strain , npt payjing much attention to M . de Breyal , but accepting all he saySr aud all he quotes &om athexa against IVfaz ^ ini , an 4 turning it all to the general account of English Toryism . After quoting certain depreciatory notices of Mazzini , extracted by M ! . de Breval from the writings pf the Marquis d'AzegHo , Gioberti , and Farini , the reviewer says :- ^ -: of

    , .: ^ otie these meri ( d'Azeglio , Grioberti , and farini ) are sufficiently innocent of the crimes apd misery of that melancholy periqd ( the period of the Italian Kevplution ) tp pass a judgment upon Mazzini for his participatiop in them . Qur authorisas mnch disposed as ourselves to treat as Visionary the projects of Mazzini for the unity a « d supremacy of Italy , the abolition of Christianity , and the establishment of the universal Republic ; nor does he admire any more than ourselves the inflated language in which these projects are announced . But in truth . Signor Mazzini believes as little in their practicability is than

    as any of his detractors . No one more aware he of the folly of what he utters . The object is to dazzle and to bewilder his followers , and to prepare them for that total disorganization which is necessary to the success of hia combinations * * His real projects are not so Utopian as those of the patriots w 1 k > embrace them : their constitution has been proved to be impracticable . The roign of rapine and terror he would formd under the name of the republic is not nowtangible . He announces himself as * the last word of the Revolution : ' beyond him there can be nothingall legal authority is tyranny : all property is robbery ;

    all religion a degrading superstition * * , We are inclined to Relieve that the power pf Mazzini is on the wane . His unfeeling and selfish policy haa lost him tho affection of his supporters , and his constant failure has . shaken thpir ' confid , ence . If we waste a iew words on himnpw , it is not to denounce his perfidy , his immorality , and his blasphemies to hia countrymen , or oven to our own ; it is with the hope—we would nofc altogether believe it a vain one—of opening the eyes qfour fpllow countrymen to the danger , under all circumstances , of assisting a common enemy to . a victory which must ensure a common ruin . It . is to urge on

    incautious innovators the necessity of avoiding a dangerous example , and of risking by reforms equally unneceHaary and unsolicited , the very existence of a constitution whioh has been , and is tho envy of nfiinkind . " Now , in the first place , we should be sorry to think that young Toryism ( and tho JPress , as ovorybody knows , is to command all tho boat young Tory talent , ) oould not write on an important subject , or on any subject whatever , a great deal more cleverly and carefully than this . Not only is what wo have quoted not clover , it is posit ivelv bad writing . Look at this

    sen-^ enco . — « His roal projects are not bo Utopian as those of the patriots who embrace them ;" which being- gramtnatically interpreted , stands thus : r ~ " His real projects are not so Utopian as the projects of tile patriots who ombcace his real piiojocfcs . " Surely that ia not what our friend meant to say . Again , take thp last sontenco wo havo quoted . f f It i « to urge on incautious innovators tho noceBsit / y of avoiding a dangerous oxamplo , and of risking , by refprma equally unnecessary antf unsolicited , the very , existence of a confltitution which him hom , anil ia ; the envy of

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    . ¦ . teiife ] . ; . ' y » i iiAfiiL : : / ¦ . ' . ¦ . '¦ ¦ . " m $

• Citation
  • Leader (1850-1860), July 2, 1853, page 635, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1993/page/11/