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Leader (1850-1860), 12th March 1853, Edition 1 of 1, Page 247, Untitled Article

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      Untitled Article

      ftold them plainly , he would be at work again . At most 'they could but drive him into exile—they could not hinder ¦ the fruition of a life . With noble simplicity and lofty ¦ floorn , the Professor then concluded : — "I hare ventured to take up Aristotle ' s idea , and have found it confirmed by itito experience of 2000 y ears—and I find further that the aeries of events which will give the complete confirmation "to this law is not yet accomplished . I am like an astronomer who from the known section of the paths of a new ; plianet—presumes to calculate its entire course . I turn to "the sage and skilful of my own profession , and ask them

      for criticism and correction . I cast a glance towards posterity , and trust that -when , the series of events shall be complete it will judge my judgment . And now comes a lawyer , brief in hand , and thinks he has discovered a pamphleteer trying to make a revolution in the Grand I ) uchy of Baden , or perhaps in the German Bund . I hope I may be excused from defending myself against this charge . " Professor G-ervinus has been acquitted on the charge of high treason , but convicted of seditious libel , and sentenced to four months imprisonment .

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      The Emperor pf Austria is now convalescent ; he has been able to receive municipal deputations . The Vienna Journal of the 5 th , publishes the following characteristic letter , writtten by Archduke Rainer , of Austria , to Archduke Albrecht , the Governor of Hungary , informing him of the attack upon the Emperor ' s lite : — " Feb . 20 , 1853 . " My dear Albert , —I write you a few lines in a great Imrry on events here . I was sitting at my table reading on the 18 th , about half-past twelve in the day , when my chasseur rushed into the room , and exclaimed , ' His Majesty is coming upstairs bleeding ; he must have had a

      fall . I told mm to get linen and cold water , and rushed out just as his Majesty entered the ante-room . He said " to me , ' They have been trying their Milan tricks on me now . ' I was almost petrified when he showed me his handkerchief soaked with blood , which he had been holding to the back of his head . O'Donnell and I washed the wound with cold water . I left O'Donnell , and ordered out the carriage to fetch the nearest surgeon . The wound is on the back of the head , about an inch in length ; it was gaping and bleeding copiously . There was a stream of blood down the shirt as far as the waist , and spots of Wood all over his dress . Both his and O'Donnell's handkerchiefs were soaked with blood . As soon as all was in

      order I hastened to the palace , met Seeburger on the -way , and informed Grunne of what had occurred . The latter turned deadly pale , and could scarcely speak . On my return I met Charles ( Archduke ) , in the Augustiner passage , on his way from the Emperor to Sophie . We then placed his Majesty in a carriage , and drove him to the Bellaria . His Majesty told me , while I was applying the cold water , that he had received a blow on the head like the shot of a pistol ; that it made his eyes flash , and that when he looked round he saw O'Donnell struggling -with a man on the ground . O'Donnell told me that they had not walked ten or twelve steps on the bastion before he saw a fellow spring upon his Majesty , nourishing a knife ; that he immediately seized him and pulled him down .

      His Majesty said to me , ' O'Donnell has saved my life . ' He had half strangled the man when people came up to render assistance . They would have put him to death , but his Majesty ordered him to be taken to' the guardhouse . Everything was in commotion , everybody in despair . The lines were immediately closed , the railway stations occupied , the troops consigned to their barracka , and two batteries telegraphed for . At the Te Deum , an immense crowd and rejoicing . Every one showed the warmest sympathy . I trust all will be as well at Ofen . At Milan two of Kossuth ' s emissaries have been arrested , each provided with 30 , 000 f . They were trying to enter the

      town the day after the row . His Majesty is getting on well ; the wound is closed . To-day his headache has subaided , or is onl y folt when he coughs ; but there are symptoms of a slight / concussion of the brain . His Majesty seems quite well with his right eye , but the left is still dull . To prevent inflammation ice is placed continually on his head . The physicians think this will provide against it and prevent all danger . They have been quite satisfied hitherto , but his Majesty will have to remain eight or ton days perfectly quiet in bed , without occupation or much talking . Albert of Saxony arrived hero yesterday evening . Ernst was hero yesterday for a few hours . Leopold comes on the 28 rtl . —Yours , " AttcrtDUKs : Rainee . "

      The attempt on the life of the Emperor of Austria appears to havo produced a porfect panic among the despotic governments throughout Italy and Germany . At Linaau , in Bavaria , the door of every officer ' s house was lately marked in the night with a red cross . The King had been sent for from Italy . At Nuromborg and Bamberg strong measures of precaution have boon taken . In Hungary great agitation , provails . Five- hundred arrests wore made on tho 1 st instant . On tho 4 th , four executions took placo . Ono had boon tho tutor to KossuUi ' b children ; another , an ofllcor formerl y in tho Imperial sorvico ; tho third a landed proprietor and lawyer ; tho fourth , a private eoldicr on leavo ot absonco from hia rogimont . It is certain that a conspiracy had boon formed to seize the fortress of Comorn , and it woa vory nearl y being huccohhIuI , but for tho troachory of ono ongaged in tho plot , which included many of station and woulth .

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      Tho Federal Council of Switzerland has addressed a note to the Austrian Government , declaring tho accusations of complicity with tho Italian revolt to bo perfectly groundless , and reserving to itself tho right to adopt all measures which may appear noceasary in tho interest of Switzerland in gonoraf , ana of Ticino in particular . About ton thousand Tieiiio . se havo boon oxpollod from Milan . ArreatH and executions follow each other in diurnal succession throughout Italy . At Milan , on fcho 1 st mutant , Radofaky doorood , by ordor of tho Emporor , a sequestration of all tho landed and personal proporty belonging to

      political refugees from the Lombardo Venetian kingdom . The execution of the decree had begun by a commission held in the Borromeo palace . We hear of a citizen being dragged from his bed in the dead of night , to appear before the commission and declare his property . As this iniquitous decree affects about 30 , 000 refugees in Piedmont , besides those in France , it is likel y to lead to serious international complications . Piedmont is said lo have applied to England for advice , and some of the refugees in France have laid their claims before the French

      Government . The sequestration of property is to the amount of three millions sterling . Thousands ( says the correspondent of the Morning Chronicle ) are reduced to beggary ; noblemen -who , the day before , were in flourishing circumstances , are now beggars ; and thousands who in a great measure were sustained by the hospitality and generosity of their wealthy countrymen , are now without bread to put in their mouths . The King of Naples had , it seems , initiated this wise method of government , and had confiscated the property of political refugees .

      The Corriere Mercantile of the 3 rd publishes the following letter , addressed to the Italia e Popolo by the noble-hearted brother triumvir of Mazzini : — " Feb . 27 th , 1853 . " I only read to-day in your journal the letter by which Joseph Mazzini recognises and courageously assumes the responsibility of the last proclamation of the National Committee , which I signed . The misfortunes which followed that act have not in the least changed my judgment or my conscientious opinion . It is for that reason I hasten to declare that I fully concur in it , regretting only that distance should have prevented me from accomplishing sooner that duty . I remained near my friend until the close of last month , and having acquired undeniable proofs of the magnanimous wishes of the people

      of Milan , I parted with Mazzini on the day appointed tor action , in order to go and announce that determination to other Italian provinces , ready to co-operate in the rising . I witnessed the preparations for the enterprise , but am not aware of the immediate causes of its failure . Whatever those causes may have been , I am more convinced than ever , by the grandeur of the popular acts , which have not been tarnished by want of success , that the faith which dictated to Joseph Mazzini his appeal to the Italians was not a snare , and that , if the enterprise failed , it was not because the advice was imprudent , or the people deficient in courage or goodwill . The statement which my friend will , I trust , soon publish , for the sake of truth , to satisfy the conscience and furnish correct materials for

      the history of the nation , will show that while men of the higher ranks of society remained indifferent or hopeless , the people of Milan , abandoned without direction to their own instinct , confided in the destinies of the country , and unanimously resolved to avenge themselves for the despotism of Austrian proconsuls and the judicial assassinations of the military commissious ; that the part we took in the movement , which was secretly prepared in brotherly popular associations , did not precede , but followed the firm determination of the oppressed , and that it was imposed upon us by a sacred duty as Italians , in the conviction of the indomitable courage of a people who , whatever might be our opinion , had sworn to restore Italy by a supreme effort to a station to which she has a right to pretend .

      The central provinces of Italy shared those dispositions of the Lombards , whom they were ready to imitate . I traversed them under tho protection of their inhabitants ; I found them all animated with the same sentiments ; and , if the event of the capital of Lombardy had succeeded , every one of them , notwithstanding tho want of arms , would have responded to the appeal . In those countries , where grief and generosity , and an immense lovo for their afllicted country , incite all classes of citizens to submit to the greatest sacrifices , tho unsuccessful heroism of tho inhabitants of Milan has not been profaned by servile reproaches ; it met there nothing but the gratitude and profound veneration of the free men , who despiso servitude , and he who placed faith in that heroism , who called on all the Italians to imitate it , was not cursed . Cowardly insults offored to the vanquished , imprudent calumnies , judgments

      wilfully calumnious rospoctmg tho intentions and magnanimous acts of unsuccessful patriots , and tho shameful contempt shown to those who employ their faculties , and are ready to shed their blood , in freeing their country , are turpitudes unknown to tho people , who leavo them as a worthy appanage to tho slaves of kings . But , tell tho salaried writers of tho monarchical journals , that filth becomes their hands' better , and that wo will not dogrado ourselves by stirring it , in order to seek favours , which are tho recompenHO of sorvicos rendered to Austria . Our ' cause depends on tho conscionco and virtue of tho people , who know that tho liberty and indepondonco of Italy can novor bo won by diplomatic falsehoods , or with . th « consent of national and foreign Sovereigns , but b y persoverance in the contest , and readiness to Hubmit to the greatest sacrifices . "Ever yours , " Aoukmo Bappi . "

      On tho 3 rd , three executions were to havo taken place at Mantua . Tho following are the names of the persons sentenced . They had been in prison for a considerable time , and wore arrested on tho accusation of being connected with a subversive conspiracy : —Count Spori , of Brescia , a very young man ; Count Montanara , of Verona ; tho Archpriost Mitrete , of Itoveny seventy years of ago . Some twenty others are condemned to imprisonment , with irons , for torniH varying from ten to twenty years . Upwards of a hundred persons are still in prison and under trial at Mantua . Whilo England is preaching ft ono-sidod non-intervontion , that allows every other Power to intorveno , Austria is throwing a commercial not over Italy , through tho accession of Parma and Modena to Austrian leagued . The Grand Duke of Parma , by docreo , declares that every individual conspiring against tho safety of any foreign State , uhall bo punished with five years at tho galleys . Tho latest intelligence from Ticino reports that tlio meaeures adopted by tho Austrian Government againot tho

      Ticinese , are becoming daily more severe . The frontier cordon has been reinforced with artillery , and patrolled with strong detachments of troops . An insurrection in Baden was apprehended . The Languedoc iteamer , which arrived at Genoa from Naples on the 7 th , reported that an attempt had been made on the life of King Bomba . A gun had been fired at the King , who was so seriously wounded in the leg that the surgepns had thought it necessary to amputate the limb . This rumour requires confirmation . A correspondent , however , writing from Marceilles on the 8 th , states that Naples letters report several separate collisions between the people and soldiers of the Swiss regiments in the Neapolitan service . Many Swiss , it is said , have been killed . The police have made numerous arrests .

      Where will Austrian insolence stop ? A British officer has now been expelled from Tuscany . A lelter , dated Florence , 2 nd , in the Tarlamento , states that Mr . George Craufurd , brother of a member of the British Parliament , and an officer in the service of Queen Victoria , arrived there a few days ago from the Ionian Islands , where hia regiment is in garrison . No sooner had he arrived than the police ordered him forthwith to quit the country . He inquired what was the motive of that arbitrary in j unction , said that he should not depart , and applied to the representative of England , who demanded the revocation of the order , and asked the cause of that odiously exceptional measure . The Minister of Foreign Affairs replied that the Tuscan Government had been informed by its consul at Corfu that Mr .

      Craufurd was repairing to Florence for the purpose of organizing in Tuscany a committee of revolutionary propaganda . Mr . Craufurd protested that this was an infamous calumny ; but neither hia declarations , nor the interference of the English representative , could obtain for him an hour ' s delay . M . Lamartine is very seriously , if not dangerously ill , from his old complaint—acute rheumatism of the joints . Prince Menschikoff has quickly followed up Count Leiningen at Constantinople . The latter , by the way , has returned to Vienna , and is being feted and exalted for his bravery in bullying the poor Sultan , deserted by his allies . The Russian envoy is to settle the question of the custody of the Holy places-. The Porte has referred to the mediation of Russia .

      . Russian intrigues are more busy than ever in the principality of Servia . Four secret agents were recently arrested . They were engaged in stirring up a feeling on behalf of Montenegro . Among the demands of Austria with which the Porte has complied , is one a . la Pac \ fico , in the shape of an indemnification of 4 , 000 , 000 piastres , which Turkey has engaged to pay to a Herr Schonfeld , who had purchased large woods in the Herzegovine belonging to AH Pasha . Turkey is already , financially speaking , in a state of rapid dissolution . The principal bankers resolutely refuse to have anything to do with the society formed for the liquidation of the claims on tho Turkish , bank . The deficit left by Nafiz Pasrla in the public treasury is said to be 30 , 000 , 000 piastres , but the order for his arrest has not yet been executed .

      Ibraham Pasha , in bygone times Master of the Ordnance , who rendered such good service to Sultan Mahmoud against the Janissaries , ia dead . The countenance of Ibraham was so stern and frightful , that he bore the namo of " Karadzsehem" ( Black Hell ) in Constantinople . A French Consulate is established at Broussa , tho residence of Abd-el-Kader .

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      We can state most positively , from tho beat authority , that it is untrue that Mazzini embarked , or sought to cmbark , on board II . M . S . Retribution , at Genoa . It is untrue that a lotter of Mazzini ' s has beon seized by the Austrians , dated Turin . It is untruo that Mazzini has recently passed through Paris . Mazzini haa neither stayed at Turin , nor at Gonoa , nor at Paris since ho left England .

      A great deal of ungenerous nonsense is talked in quiot England among firesido-friends of libertj ' , about the folly and tho cowardico of thoso who , from a distance , excito their countrymen to insurrection , romaining safe themselves . How shall this be said of Mazzini , who , without evon a disguise , confronts tho scrutiny of legions of spies ; or of Aurelio Sarti , his brother in tho Triumvirate , who , at the peril of his life , has bravely traversed tho whole of Central Italy to convey tho orders of Mazzini , and to arrest tho hopeless flow of patriot blood ?

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      PROGRESS OF THE ITALIAN QUESTION . THE MILAN INSURRECTION . Wis rcproduco from the Monthly Record ( for March ) of the Society of the Friends of Italy , tho following dear , forcible , and succinct summary of recent events in tho north of Italy , and of their proximate , as well as their more remote , but not less certain consequences . Tt is by those calm and complete condensations of facts , that tho Society bent discharges its duty to the great

      cause it advocates : a duty becoming daily moro onerous , more painful , and more responsible . Having bettor information , us from official sources , at itfl command , than any isolated correspondence- can uftbrd , and hnviny the opportunity of effecting eloso inquiring into th « truth or falsehood of n multitude of discordant rumour * industriously propagated by u host of misinformed or uialevolcnt pens , the Society is cnubled to dismiss with a quiet truthfulness , the thousand calumnies not only of the Austrian , but of tho A uatrianized journals .

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      March 12 , 1853 . ] THE LEADER . 247

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), March 12, 1853, page 247, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1977/page/7/