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Leader (1850-1860), 11th December 1852, Edition Town of 2, Page 1176, Untitled Article

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      Untitled Article

      Mr . Locke expressed a strong opinion against the centralising system , of which the proposed arrangement formed a beginning . After much discussion , the vote was agreed to . A vote of 80 , 000 £ . was then asked for the expenses for the Duke of Wellington ' s funeral . Mr . Httme objected to the vote , on the ground that no account of the oxpe 7 iditure had been furnished ; Lord D .. Stuart took the same side , at great length .

      After some observations , in reply , by Lord J . Manners , Mr . Samuel Cabtkr rose , and was greeted by a perfect storm of yells and groans , delivered in volleys . After vainly trying to be heard , he moved that progress be reported , and Mr . Httme seconded the motion . The House was acting in a most disorderly way , and if the Government would not keep their friends in better order , it would he quite impossible to proceed with business . ( Oh , oh . ) Mr . G . Hudson then rose , but his remarks were nearly drowned amidst loud cries of

      " Oh , oh I" and the most discordant noises . We understood him to express his regret at the course taken by the honourable member for Montrose , and his hope that the resolution would have been agreed to without a dissentient voice . ( " Oh , oh , " and laughter . ) Mr . Httme said he had no objection to the honourable member giving a cheque for the amount out of his own pocket , but as a trustee for the public , he , Mr . Hume , could not consent to the course now pursued . ( Oh , oh . )

      Mr . Hudson : The honourable member talks about giving a cheque . I will give a cheque for as much as he will . ( Roars of laughter . ) This undignified banter was put an end to by the clearing of the House for a division , which did not take place . Mr . Carter was finally allowed to speak , and he protested against the enormous expense of the funeral , which he said had been incurred in breach of faith . Why had the Duke ' s obsequies cost five times those of Lord Nelson ? The vote was at length agreed to ; the Chairman reported progress , and obtained leave to sit again . ,

      LIMITED LIABILITY IN PARTNERSHIPS . Matters come up somewhat strangely in the House of Commons and get discussed . On Tuesday , Mr . Brown moved for papers relating to a certain application made by the London , Liverpool , and North American Screw Steam-ship Company to the Board of Trade , for ; i charter containing a clause enabling the capital to be raised upon the principle of limited liability . Mr . Brown , and his seconder , Mr . Clay , both thought that limited liability was a violation of unrestricted competition , dangerous to credit , an exclusive privilege , and involving the adoption of the French system of partnerships en commandUe . The principle attacked found an able defender in Mr . liouEirr Lowe : —

      " He must say he thought it rather too much , when genfleirion came to the House and asked them to interfere with the important duties of a department of Government , in order to prevent a competitor being introduced into the field of enterprise—it was too much , he said , to colour Hiich a motion with the name of unrestricted competition . It wuh precisely the reverse . The law , as it wtood at . present —Hie law of unlimited liability—was a restraint on competition . If there was no law of unlimited liability , there would be much more competition in the different trades than there now was , and many articles would be cheapened to tlin consumer . But it had been the law of Krifjdand for sixty yenr . s thai , if any person entered into competition in

      any branch of trade , he must do ho under the very highest penalty , and that if he were unsuccessful , he must lost ! his last shilling and Jiis last acre . This was the law which encouraged the competition of capital , which told the capitalist that whatever he did with his capital , he must do under the very highest penalty—under the penalty of pro'iiutHirc—a total Ions of his floods and all this to deter him from embarking his capital in trade ! That was the present , restrictive slate of the law ; and when they were asked to bring their financial policy into unison with tlirir commercial policy , and adopt t be principle of unrestricted competition , they would do wisely if they followed up the same principle with respect , to the le > jjal policy ,, and swept away all those institutions and laws which tended us this law

      manifestly did to restrain , embarrass , and hinder the (¦( im pel ilion of capital in different trades and employments . What , wiih the rifjdit lion , ^ enllcnian the 1 ' resident , of the Hoard of Trade empowered by Act of I ' nrliaincnl , to dor What lie was empowered to do was , pro Imilo , as often hh In- should see that a case was made out , to break down I lie present , lettering la w , and fj ive the capitalist power to compete with other capitalists , taking care that , lie should do so without , the penally which the law of unlimited liability attached to such u course . And this power wiih now

      attacked . It , was said it wits opposed to free trade . What , hail been its results , he would ask t' Had they been unfruitful ? What was it that had covered oilr land with ru . ilroadri and our sens with steam-ships and mercantile fleets , except the power of nuspendiii ( j ^ and annihilating the law of unlimited liability i' lint it , was said that such a state of tilings was injurious to credit . That was the concern of those who entered into it . If any one should think , upon considoral ion , that , the credit which unlimited liability gave wiih better worth having than , the credit which limited i ability ollorud , ho was at liberty to make , Iuh election . Uut ,

      on the other hand , if he preferred the credit which , limited liability offered , he had a right to do so . It was for the public to decide how much credit they would give in either case . It was no part of our laws to settle people ' s private affairs . But what was done with , advantage in the United States of America , ought , he thought , to be done with advantage in this country also . " He trusted the day would soon come when those who wished to combine their , capital for any enterprise would be able to do so without going to any Government . A good deal was said about the principle of limited liability , but , on the ground that the charter was pending adjudication , the House generally seemed to feel the impropriety of asking for the papers required .

      Hate-Paying- Clauses . —Sir de Lacy Evans s Bill to amend these clauses , so that the voter might have a bond fide six months for the payment of rates and taxes , was lost on Wednesday by a majority of 103 to 67 against the second reading . Tenant-Eight . —After a long discussion on Tuesday it was agreed on all sides that the Government measures relating to the law of landlord and tenant , and the improvement of the Jand , and the bill known as Mr . Sharman Crawford ' s Tenant-Right Bill should be referred to a select committee . The Irish members are in no way satisfied with Mr . Napier ' s measures .

      PAMiiAMENTAEY Papers . —A select committee has been appointed , on the motion of Mr . Tufnei / l , to inquire into the expediency of distributing , gratis , under certain regulations , a selection from the reports and returns printed by order of the House of Commons among the literary and scientific institutions and mechanics' institutes throughout the United kingdom . Mr . Disraeli rather warmly approved of the object of the committee ; and , generally , the motion was well supported . Sugar Duties . —Mr . Wilson" made a long speech on Thursday , to show that Free-trade in sugar had not injured the West Indian interest . He entered at length into the statistics of the question , and pointed out that ,

      since the act of 1846 , the West Indies bad produced an average excess of 20 , 000 tons of sugar in the last five years over the produce of the five years preceding 1846 ; that while the increase of slave-grown sugar had been eighteen per cent ., the increase in the British colonies had been thirty-eight per cent ., and that the revenue had recovered itself within 500 , 000 / . The cost of production had diminished in the West India colonies , and he contended that , if those colonies were not highly prosperous , they were more prosperous than before the change , which had not retarded their prosperity . After discussing the proposal for refining sugar in bond , Mr . Wilson concluded b y moving for certain reports and returns .

      Sir John Pakington , in reply , contended that the facts did not justify the boasted legislation of the last six years ; and that the value of property had been enormously depreciated ; that the consumer had been benefited at the expense of the planter . At the samo time , ho admitted that improvements had taken place which he never anticipated , and he ascribed thorn solely to the energies of the planters . If e would not retract the censure he had passed on the legislation of 1846 ; but he agreed that , at the present moment , no Government would be justified in meddling with the existing law . . Mr . Wilson ' s onl y object was to obtain some reports , which were agreed to . Haii / way Amalgamation . —Mr . Henley has obtained the appointment of an important committee- to inquire especially into the railway amalgamation projects , and generally into the principles of railway legislation .

      JNewbi'ai'uk Stamp . —The Attoiiney-Ghnkkat , has brought in a bill to amend the definition of a newspaper ; to prevent litig ation ; and to exclude periodicals published at intervals of not less than twenty-six days from tho operation of the stamp duties .

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      Till' ] BUDGET KESOLUTIONS . Tins following arc the resolutions laid by Mr . Disraeli on the table ; of the House : —

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      MALT . That from and after the 10 th day of October , 1853 the duties of Excise now payable under any act or acts in force on malt made in any part of the United Kingdom shall cease and determine ; and in lieu thereof there shall be granted and payable the following duties ( that is to say ) : For and upon all malt made in any fart of the United Kingdom from corn , grain , or pulse of any kind whatever , the duty of one shilling and threepence halfpenny , and five per centum thereon , for every bushel imperial measure of such malt , and so in proportion for any greater or less quantity . MALT DRAWBACKS AND ALLOWANCES . That , from and after the 10 th day of October , 1853 , all allowances and drawbacks of Excise granted by any act or acts now in force on beer exported from any part of the United Kingdom to foreign parts , and on spirits distilled in England , Scotland , and Ireland respectively , in respect of the malt used in the distillation of such spirits , shall respectively cease , determine , and be no longer payable ; and that in lieu thereof there shall be granted , allowed , and paid , the' several drawbacks following , that is to say : — For and upon all beer browed or made of the specific gravity hereinafter mentioned by any entered and licensed brewer of beer for sale , and duly exported from any part of the United Kingdom to foreign parts as merchandise ¦

      Where , in the brewing of such beer , the worts used before fermentation were of a specific gravity not less than 1 . 054 but less than 1 . 081 , The drawback of two shillings and sixpence , and five per centum thereon , for every barrel of 36 gallons , and so in proportion for any greater or less quantity o f such beer . And where in the brewing of such beer the worts used before fermentation were of the specific gravity of 1 . 081 or upwards , The drawback of three shillings and ninepencc , and five per centum thereon , for every such barrel , and so in proportion for any greater or less quantity of such beer .

      And for and upon all spirits distilled in England , bcotland , or Ireland , for exportation only , or for use as ships stores , from malted corn only , not being mixed with any unmalted corn or grain whatever , after the rate of two gallons of such spirits for every bushel of malt , The drawback of sevenpence ihrce farthings , and five per centum thereon , for every gallon of such sp irits of tho strength of hy drometer proof , and so in proportion tor any greater or less quantity and strength respectively . And for and upon all British spirits distilled or made from any other materials than malt only , on the duo exportation thereof , or shipment for ships' stores , Tho drawback of three farthings for every gallon ^ l > ruuA of such spirits actually exported or shipp ed as s ^ rea . MALT IMI'OltTATJON DTJ'i' * - That , from and after tho 10 th d » f of October . 180 ., there shall bo granted and paya ble the lol owinc dutiw ol Customs on malt imported into the United Kingdom ( that is to say ) : — p .., i . For and upon every bushel imperial measure ot su < lh malt imported , and so i ^ p roportion for any greater oi - quantity , the duty of one shilling and eig htponco , and live per centum thereon . HOI'S . ... , i , That , from and after tho fith day of July , ' ™ V , ' ;„ duties of excise now payable under any act <» ' force on hop * the growth of Great Britain » llftl 1 . " 0 dueed , and shall be payable at and alter the rate « j penny , and live per centum therftoii , for oveiy I weight avoirdupois of such hoptt . HOI'S . DUTY ON JMI'OUTATION . That , fmm and after the 10 th day of ° ' () f iive per centum thereon , for every ^ " ^ ^ oV l <*» hiicIi hops , and ho jii proportion «» j h ( luuntity . IMtOPKlO'i- AND 1 N 0 OM K TAX . Tliu ( , from and after the fill . f ^' ^^ ,-, a duties- Ranted by the Act 6 th und Oil . V ol ,., < . -O , «' lin . iC . Uorni , and continued by several other a , to £ ^ i , i that behalf , on profits arising from properly , » ¦ « " , trades , and office . ! , shall be granted f »| » ^» ^/ Lt further term in the manner hereinafter mention * < . " tLHu ^ R ifled in the respective Hchoduh * ( A ) and ( C ) , contained in the mud lirHt-. nontioned act ,, Bl » granted and continued ut tho rutos mentioned w wo «*• » uchoduloa WBpootivoly .

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      INIIAHITIOD 1 IOUH . K DUTIES . Thai , from and after the f > th day of April , 1853 , tho dut ics granted and made payable by the Act J 4 th and Jf > th Viet ,., c . . "it ! , upon inhabited dwelling-houses in Great Britain , according to the annual value thereof , shall cease and determine , and in lion thereof there shall be grunted and made payable ; upon all Much dwelling houses the following dut ics ( tliat is to say ) - - For every inhabited dwelling-hou . se which , with the household and other offices , yards , and gardens therewith occupied and charged , is or shall be worth the rent of ten pounds or upwards by the ye n- - - 'W here any such dwelling-house . shall be occupied by any person in trade , who shall expose to sale and sell any goods , wares , or merchandise in any shop or warehouse , being part of the Maine dwelling-house , anil in the front , and on ( be ground or basement fifory thereof ;

      And also where any such dwelling-hoUso shall be occupied b y any person who shall be duly licensed by tho laws in force to sell therein by retail beer , ale , wine , or other liquorti , although tho room or rooms thereof in which any such li q uors shall be exposed to Hale , sold , drunk , or consumed , . shall not be such shop or warehouse as aforesaid ; And also where any such dwelling-house shall be a farmbouse occupied by a tenant or farm Ncrvant , and bonajide used for ( bo purposcH of husbandry only : There nhall bo charged lor every twent y shillings of hucIi annual value of any mich dwelling-house the Mum of one shilling . And where any mich dwelling-house shall not ho occupied and uiuxl I ' m- nuy nucli purpose and in manner aforesaid , there shall bo charged for every twenty Hhillingn ol nucli annual valuo thereof tho aum of ono nthilling und eixponee .

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      4 w" e" k " « 3 _ »© _ »© us B £ Sg 3 Bs Sg J . O oo oo ao rS Jan . 5 , « p " r * ? rf- g •*>< £ us"S $ Vrnm 1854 . / g * f "I d "f 1 a « TI g - | Jani sive . a ^ " " a ^ '" a ^' " « Ha-9 Is gs gs | o fc Ph Ph & For every lb A £ eT ° f S - d - S - d - *¦ d - s ' <*• •• * * d . portedinto [ 110 18 16 14 12 10 the United Kingdom . /

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      TEA DUTIES . That , in lieu of the duties of Customs now nn TO w n ™ tea , th « following duties shall form and to TJ repecfcWe days hereui mentioned be charged on tea imported into the United Kingdom ; viz .: — ue

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      1176 THE LEADER . [ Saturday ,

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), Dec. 11, 1852, page 1176, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1964/page/4/