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Leader (1850-1860), 11th September 1852, Edition Town of 2, Page 864, Untitled Article

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      Untitled Article

      remote provinee of France makes the elect of 7 , 500 , 000 voices , sustained by 450 , 000 bayonets , and by a budget of 1 S 00 millions of francs , tremble in his palace . Twenty-nine cabarets have been closed in the department of Pinisterrc . " They were found to be dangerous , " says the Prefectoral decree . To avow . that cabarets down in Basse Bretagne are becoming dangerous is to confess that the Revolution is afoot , and that the usurpation is afraid . Rigours of another kind are not forgotten . This time it is the working men who are the victims . The working carpenters of Paris refused to work for the Government : " several of them have been arrested , and

      men from the regiment of Engineers set to work in their stead . The stone-cutters of Montrouge have also struck . Fifteen of them were committed to prison by the police . The liberty of labour fares like all our other liberties . It is the bayonet that rules , the sabre that governs . & .

      Untitled Article

      CONTINENTAL NOTES . The report of the recall of the French Minister at the Hague , in consequence of the rejection of the literary convention with France , turns out to be false . The Ambassador has returned to Paris on leave of absence , and the report was a fabrication of the " Bears" of the Amsterdam Stock Exchange . The Moniteur announces that the remaining 25 million francs of the 50 million borrowed of the Bank of France in 1848 , have just been repaid by the State . The interest on Treasury Bonds has been reduced another \ P cent , by decree , and the interest for the savings banks is expected to be restored to what it was np to February , 1848—1 per cent . The Bishop of Chalons , the most servile of a servile crew , has issued a circular to the clergy of his diocese , on the occasion of the President ' s forthcoming visit to the South , which , after extolling his merits and services , concludes as follows : — " May that man of God" ( the title of the 2 ) rophets of old ) , " that great man , be blessed , for it was God who selected him for the happiness of our country , to remove all the evils inflicted by 00 years' revolution and cruel wars , which appeared interminable ; once more , may he be blessed ! We will pray for him ; he is entitled to that tribute from us for the eminent services he has rendered and is still anxious to render us ; it is a duty we ought to be anxious to discharge towards him . " The Grand Duke of Baden has put an end to the state of siege in his dominions .

      The civil law has come into operation at Vienna , in matters affecting the press , and all publications are now subject to the oilicial censors . In other respects the state of siege , with its pleasant accompaniments of scourging and imprisonment for trilling misdemeanours , is iu full vigour . The hroclmrc of Dr . Franz , an ex-functionary of the Government , has fallen in the midst of the bureaucracy of Berlin , and of the dilettanti Pietists of the lioyalist party , who insist on the restoration of " authority" us the great problem of modern politics , and actually believe the-C 1 restoration of belief" in lii ^ lit Divino possible , like a revolutionary bombshell . Dr . Franz ( we cite tho resume " given by tin ; Berlin correspondent of tho Times ) , although ii strong Royalist , declares boldly such a restoration is impossible , and traces the " decline and fall" of the principle

      through every Bingo of nut horil . y with an inexorable logic ; he even seems to revel in the abundance of proof that tho past is dead , and ought to he buried ; he welcomes the now developments of . science and society , and is prepared to <•*> an i ' ar and as last an r . team and telegraphs will carry uh . Make them , ho tells tho princes , the base of your power , and do not imagine you gain anything by restoring a feudal ruin , and rebuilding old castles which tho people found necessary to knock down four centuries ago , having iir . sC , hung the owners over their battlements . All tho appeals in behalf of the past , are phrases , themes lull of unction , bu (; barren of effect . "Authority , " in tho old sense of tho term , can never revive . Wo hnve power and discipline ; , organized and active enough , but tho sacred character of rank and class h ; gone , and it is absurd to lament it . lit ; takes three illustrations of tho most

      familiar kind , ami asks the : political antiquaries to observe only our modes of dress , building , and conveyance , in each of which forms of life tho levelling tendency of modern times , the tendency to equalization , may be observed , difference of cost being now tho only distinct ion ; and I ho most bigoted denouncers of these levelling methods being forced to adopt , them . Tho discovery of new powers of locomotion , anil ( ho consequent , intercommunication of ideas , Dr . Kraiiz asserts to be an dement ot political freedom to which ( ho very progress of mechanical M-ieiieo conduccH . The writer then traeoH the inroadn ol the spirit and inquiry in I ho moral and intellectual sphere , " ¦ hmpn proof upon proof of tho decay of authority in its ancient kciiso , and asks the revivalists ' how they can expect ( o l-estoro itr" Kather , hi ! nays , accept the present , and

      build your authority upon I hat . lie then goes intonlong examination of all ' that princes and < Jovernmonls have left undone , by Hcpm-nl ing themselves from the progress ol society , and landing aloof , iih if they had no interest in it , often " impeding moro than promoting . " "" points out , Hit ! want of an Academy as a , " point , of union for tho intellectual lifo ol' tho nation , " complains of the pedantic peda-rogic stamp of Uer . nan literature ; of I ho lack ol national museums antl monumontH , and laughs to scorn Hit ! Hcntimentahsts who , in tho face of Houmoo , w . Ch its wonderful conquests over time , space , and matter , making oven n . onarchs rovolut ionary in spite of U . om . selIvo . s , woul . l dream of reserving tho oimoleto frippery ol tho pant . Imagine the- effect , of this bold and searching treatise liom an ex-ollieial , who writes with tho trenchant thoroug hness of a C ' urlylo or u JL ' ruudlion , tljo ibrco und directness of an

      Emile de Girardin , the merciless logic of a Herbert Spencer , falling in the midst of the mystical intoxications ot Frederick William ! No wonder'that the work was seized by the police . The grand military reviews and manoeuvres , snam tignts , field exercises , &c , have been taking place at Berlin , before the King , the Prince of Prussia , the Duke of Cambridge , &c . , , The trial of Guerazzi ( the ex-minister ) is proceeding at Florence . The accused is deprived of the chief witnesses he had desired to call in his defence . On the 3 rd he made a brief address , in which he affirmed that he had ever been a friend to constitutional monarchy and to order , and that the acts of the provisional government which might appear contrary to those principles were done under violence and constraint . __ .

      The Emperor of Austria returned to Vienna on the 2 nd , but was to leave again in a few days , to review the troops in different parts of his territory . Letters from Turin * of the 5 th instant state that several of the French refugees residing at Nice had been removed to the interior of Piedmont at the request of the French Government , their presence so near the frontier being considered dangerous during the visit of the President to the department of the Var . Louis Bonaparte seems resolved to fig ht the battles of his uncle over again , at least in effigy . At Toulouse , he is to be amused with a representation of the Battle of Toulouse in 1814 , which , if we are to believe the French , was won by Soult ; and at Toulon the French squadron are to combine with the troops on shore , to represent the first exploits of Napoleon at the recapture of Toulon from the English .

      A grand ball was given by the French admiral at Naples , on the 28 th ulfc ., on board his ship , the Ville de Paris . The officers of H . M . S . Firebrand , anchoring opportunely in the Bay , were present . Petitions for the . abolition of bull-fights in Spain are met with counter-petitions for the creation of a great national school of tauromachia . The Posen correspondent of the Cologne Gazette communicates a curious mode of meetincr the cholera at that

      town : — « The local committee of health has unanimously agreed to combat the cholera with gunpowder . Application has been made to General Tietzen , the commander of the fortress , who has just had the misfortune to lose his consort by cholera , to make an attemp t to purify the air by discharges of artillery , and he has declared his readiness to comply with the request , if the permission of the civil government can be obtained . " But the civil government has no powder to expend in preserving the lives of the Poles .

      Untitled Article

      MEETING OF THE BRITISH ASSOCIATION . Last Wednesday week ' s proceedings at Belfast were followed up by the usual gatherings of the members in their sections on Thursday , Friday , and Saturday . Here papers of varying interest were read ; some on subjects too recondite for the mass of readers , others on popular topics , scientifically treated . The statistical section waa in great force . An important paper was read by Mr . Locke , showing how great has been tho Irish Exodus , and how tho loss of population is being compensated by importations of Scotch and English farmers , who have purchased lands under the Encumbered Estates Act , " the greatest boon ever conferred on Ireland . " Dr . Edgar and tho Earl of Mayo supported the views of Mr . Locke ' s essay . The greatest changes arc taking place oil tho western coast . A paper by the late Mr . G . II . Porter , "On the Productive Industry of Paris , " was read by Mr . M'Adam , secretary . It contained most valuable details of the productive hiduHtry of Paris , furnishing important data for comparison with our own . In it will bo found matter for tht ! serious consideration of our political economists , as in several of those branches of manufacture which are supposed to presH most weightily on our own trade it appears that the wages paid for labour are higher than with us , while tho raw material is about tho name price . An interesting portion was that in reforeneo to tho education of tho workmen . Of the entire number , H 7 per cent , of tho men and 7 i > per cent , of the , Women could read antl write . Mr . 11 oywood , M . I' ., read a paper on the income of tho

      University and somo of tho colleges of Oxford , compiled from the ' report of the Oxford University Commissioners , from which it . appeared , as far as could be ascertained ot nine colleges , that tho average income of the heads ol houses was 1100 / . a-yoiir ; and , as regardful Follows , taking in the Canono of Christ , Church , the average was 2347 . 11-year . The total income of tho Oxford University was i ! 2 , O 00 / ., and of tho colleges , lf > 2 , < MM )/ . The income of Cambridge University was about 133 , < M ) OA ; and of Trinity College , Dublin , about HI ) , <)()<) £ ., making the total about . ¦(( ")(") , ( MM )/ . There were r > f > 7 fellowships in Oxford , of which about thirty-live were vacant every year . The revenue

      arising from tho University proas , by the printing ol Hiblcn and prayer-books , was staled to bo about 8000 / . iuyear , though " tho amount , was not regularly paid over , bat only when it increased . to sums of 40 , 000 / . or () 0 , 0 ( X )/ . The meeting of the Mathematical and Phynical Section was opened by an exhibition of numerous drawings ol tippcarancoH presented by Homo of Hit ! nebula ) , tho results of the observations of the Earl of Rosso , and made by experienced draughtsmen under his own inspection . These were severally explained by his Lordship anil Dr . Robinson , of Armagh , who remarked , that the result of their obnorvations was very likely to overturn many of the thoorioH hitherto adopted , antl rentier a large amount of Inborn ' entirely UHelesH .

      In the Chemical HoctionJ Dr . Andrews read a paper " On the application of polarized light to the discovery ot minute quantities of Soda . " Tho author stated , that tho

      double chloride of potassium and platinum showed no d « polarizing action when , placed in the dark field of «? a polariscope ; but that the double salt of sodium and nk tinum was remarkable for its depolarizing power and tht a minute trace of this salt , invisible to the naked eye could readily be detected by the brilliant display of primatio colours when . under the action o f polarized light . The delicacy of the test is such that eoda can be detected when in a quantity so minute as the l , 000 , 000 tli part of a grain " On a new variety of magnetic iron ore , with remarks on the application of the bicarbonate of baryta to quantitative analysis . " " On the atomic weights of platinu m and barium . "

      Dr . Hamilton , in the Zoological Section , read " Remarks on some of the marine birds which produce guano on the coasts of Peru and Bolivia , with , reference to the Lobos Islands . " This paper excited much int erest , both on account of the recent question as to the sovereignty of the Lobos Islands , and on acceunt of the importance of an increased supply of guano . After much matter of historical and geographical interest , the author gave his reasons for expressing his belief that large deposits of guano mi ght still be found if the Government would undertake the search , as there yet remained a large portion of the Pacific unexplored , principally that lying between Valparaiso and the Isthmus of Panama .

      Grand conversaziones were held on Thursday and Friday in the warehouses of Mr . Warkman , fitted up for the occasion . On Friday evening , Professor Stokes , of Cambridge , described his optical discoveries . A meeting of the general committee was held on Monday afternoon at three o ' clock , on the conclusion of the proceedings in the several section . Colonel Sabine , the president , occupied the chair . A number of officers were appointed , and other routine business transacted ; but the principal subject engaging the attention of the committee was the selection of a place in which to hold the next annual meeting . Letters of invitation from Hull , Leeds , Brighton , Glasgow , Liverpool , and Dublin , were taken into consideration , and their respective claims advocated . After some discussion , Hull was ultimately selected . The whole proceedings were wound up by pleasure trips to the Giant ' s Causeway , and other noted local wonders .

      Untitled Article

      THE BIRMINGHAM MUSICAL FESTIVAL . ( Abstracted from the Times . ) The Birmingham Musical Festival was instituted nearly a century ago . The first meeting took place in 1769 , since when it has been celebrated triennially without cessation . England is justly renowned for those great provincial gatherings in which music helps the cause of charity , and none of them has done better service than that which is held in this rich and populous town . The

      Birmingham Festival has alike promoted tho ends of benevolence and advanced the progress of a great and civilizing art . It has , for a lengthened course of years , been the chief support of one of the most admirable institutions in the kingdom . But for the triennial musicmeeting , the Birmingham General Hospital would probably have been bankrupt long ago . Between 1709 and 1819 tho committees of management have been enabled , from the profits of the meetings , to h and over to the charity , at various periods , something short of

      70 , 000 / . Not only has the Triennial Festival mainly supported the General Hospital , it ; has also supp lied the town with " its . noblest architectural monument , " the present Town Hall , which was inaugurated by tho Festival of 1834 . " The mere fact that Mendelssohn ' s oratorio of Elijah was expressly composed for , and first executed at , the Festival of 1840 , gives B irming ham name in tho rocordn of the musical art , of which

      London , and indeed all tho cities of Europe , might reasonably bo jcuIouh . The 1 ' autus of the same composer , written for the festival of the Rhino cities , held at Dusseldorf in 1830 , was first introduced in thin country at tho meeting in 1837 ; while at the following meeting , in 1840 , another ot Mendelssohn ' s greatest worku , tho Lobgasavy , composed , like Mlijah , cxprc . wly lor lmniing ' , was performed for the first lime . ' IheH "' and other circuniHtaiiee . s less notorious , are enough

      show thai , Mil ! Birmingham Festival , while uiinwtoriiij , to charity , has done good service to music . The HingcM engaged ' for the meeting were , Merithnnos Viardo- , Garcia , Clara Novello , and Castellan ; Mdlles . * Zerr and Uerfrardi ; Misses Dolby mid Williams , Ntfnors Tamherlik , I ' olonini , and Jiolletti j Mckhi-h . bun . Reeves , Lockey , Williams , Weiss , and Hurr l ' orinu - I *¦

      Tim solo instrument alists , Messrs . Suinton ( violin ) ' » ' ( violoncello ) , Ilottomni ( double boss ) , and Kuho ( l Hli " j forte ) . The band , tho most numerous and Hplow . ever collected together ut a festival , numbered - » ^ violins , H (> Hi ' -contl , 18 tenors , 18 violoncello * , J . 7 « loii Imihhuh , besides tho usual number of wind instrume . , doubled in nioHt departments . TIibho , with tho «» ° ' made tho cxeculivo force about 500 , under tho Huprom sway of M . ConI n . " : Tho Jttyah , " the most perfect of lnumcal COI "l ^ tioiiH , " wan tho opening performance on T uesday m

      Untitled Article

      8 g 4 THE LEAD EB . JSATtnjPAg ;

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), Sept. 11, 1852, page 864, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1951/page/4/